CN101619403B - Method for removing silicon out of aluminium alloy - Google Patents
Method for removing silicon out of aluminium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN101619403B CN101619403B CN2009100552148A CN200910055214A CN101619403B CN 101619403 B CN101619403 B CN 101619403B CN 2009100552148 A CN2009100552148 A CN 2009100552148A CN 200910055214 A CN200910055214 A CN 200910055214A CN 101619403 B CN101619403 B CN 101619403B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for removing silicon out of aluminium alloys, which belongs to the technical field of metal materials. The method comprises the following steps: pouring aluminium alloys into consumable electrode bars; putting the consumable electrode bars into an electroslag furnace, and adding slag into the electoslag furnace for remelting; cutting off the power supply after melting, and cooling the mixture to obtain aluminium alloys. The slag is one of the following compounds by weight percentage: 5-30% of MgF2 + 30-40% of KCl + 30-60% of MgCl2, 5-30% of MgF2 + 30-40% of KCl + 30-60% of NaCl, 100% of Na3AlF6, 10-30% of Na3AlF6 + 30-40% of KCl + 30-60% of NaCl, 10-30% of Na3AlF6 + 30-40% of KCl + 30-60% of MgCl2, 5-30% of CaF2 + 30-40% of KCl + 30-60% of CaCl2 and 5-30% of CaF2 + 30-40% of KCl + 30-60% of NaCl. The method is simple, and can effectively remove the low-concentration impurity silicon out of the aluminium alloys without introducing new impurities.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of removal impurity of metallic substance technical field, specifically is a kind of method of removing element silicon in the aluminium alloy.
Background technology
Because therefore series of advantages such as aluminium alloy has that density is little, specific tenacity is high, solidity to corrosion and good moldability, cost are low are widely used in industries such as communications and transportation, electronics, bridge, decoration, the purposes consumption occupies the hat of nonferrous materials.And the continuous expansion of using along with aluminium alloy is more and more higher to the requirement of its purity.Silicon is main impurity element in most of wrought aluminium alloies, mainly introduce by the starting material (primary aluminum etc.) of preparation wrought aluminium alloy, in addition, in the aluminium alloy smelting process with the pollution that also can cause silicon that contacts of refractory materials.And these are incorporated into element silicon normal and impurity iron element and the generation of other alloying elements AlFeMnSi, Mg in the wrought aluminium alloy system
2Si and (Fe
2Cr)
3SiAl
12Wait some hard crisp phases.These have the hard crisp phase of different Young's modulus, the coefficient of expansion with α-Al, and brittle failure often takes place under stressed situation, become the material crack source, significantly reduce plasticity, deformability, fatigue lifetime and the fracture toughness property of fabricated product.At present, industrially mainly come higher refined aluminium of production purity and rafifinal,, also can remove other most of trace elements simultaneously, and production efficiency is low, the cost height though this method can be removed the silicon in the primary aluminum by segregation method or three-layer liquid method.
The prior art document is retrieved discovery:
Japan scholar Nagao, M etc. have delivered " Removal of impurity silicon from moltenaluminum alloy with compound method " (Journal of Japan Institute of LightMetals (Japan) .Vol.46, no.11, pp.588～591.Nov.1996), done following elaboration in the literary composition: add 3% Ca element in 5% and 10% the molten aluminium and can form Ca by being respectively at silicon concentration
2Si and CaSi
2Al
2Compound filters the removal silicon-containing compound and can reach the purification purpose, removes efficient and probably can reach about 50%.But this method only is applicable to the molten aluminium that original silicon concentration is very high, is lower than the molten aluminium of 1wt% for original silicon concentration, adds the Ca element and is difficult to form siliceous compound;
(open day: 2007.12.12) disclose the removal method of impurity elemental silicon in a kind of aluminium alloy, this method is specially: by add titaniferous materials in aluminium alloy melt, reaction generated Ti (Al to Chinese invention patent application open file CN101086042A
1-xSi
x)
3Or titanium-silicon compound catches the element silicon in the solid solution aluminium alloy melt, removes the Silicon-rich compound by purification process then, reaches the purpose of removing impurity elemental silicon.This method can effectively be removed impurity element silicon in the molten aluminium, but because there is certain solubility in the Ti element in molten aluminium, therefore can introduce the Ti element in the melt after purifying treatment, the interior alloying constituent that changes.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method of removing element silicon in the aluminium alloy is provided.Method of the present invention is easy to use, and operating procedure is simple, can effectively remove low-consistency impurity silicon out of aluminium alloys, and can not cause the variation of alloying element content or bring other detrimental impurity.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions,
The present invention relates to a kind of method of removing element silicon in the aluminium alloy, comprise the steps:
Step 1 pours into the consumable electrode rod with aluminium alloy;
Step 2 is put into electroslag furnace with the consumable electrode rod;
Step 3 adds slag charge, carries out esr;
Step 4 after melting is finished, is cut off the electricity supply, and cooling obtains aluminium alloy;
Wherein, described slag charge is a kind of in the following composition:
5～30％MgF
2+30～40％KCl+30～60％MgCl
2，
5～30％MgF
2+30～40％KCl+30～60％NaCl，
100％Na
3AlF
6，
10～30％Na
3AlF
6+30～40％KCl+30～60％NaCl，
10～30％Na
3AlF
6+30～40％KCl+30～60％MgCl
2，
5～30％CaF
2+30～40％KCl+30～60％CaCl
2，
With 5～30%CaF
2+ 30～40%KCl+30～60%NaCl;
Percentage ratio in the described composition is weight percentage.
The weight of described adding slag charge is 5～15% of consumable electrode rod weight.
Described esr, the voltage during slag making are 40～65V, and electric current is 300～1000A.
Described esr during the remelting consumable electrode, feeds argon gas in crystallizer.
Described esr, during the remelting consumable electrode, current control is at 300～1000A.
The described refrigerative time is 10～40 minutes.
Utilize method of the present invention, after aluminium alloy (consumable electrode) fusing, impurity element silicon in the molten aluminium and the flux generation physical-chemical reaction in the electroslag liquid generate SiF
4Gas overflows, thereby reaches the purpose of impurity element silicon in the purifying aluminum alloy.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the present invention carries out esr by adopting suitable slag system that Si content is lower than the 1wt% aluminium alloy, can make the silicone content in the aluminium alloy reduce by 30%～50%, realize effective removal of element silicon in the molten aluminium, used electroslag wide material sources, cheap, whole scavenging process operating procedure is easy, can not bring other detrimental impurity elements, also can not cause the variation of alloying element content.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.Unless stated otherwise, the percentage ratio in following examples is weight percentage.
Embodiment 1
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 70mm, 12 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode 15g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 40V, and electric current is 300～400A; During the remelting consumable electrode, feed argon gas in crystallizer, current control is at 300A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is Na
3AlF
6, add-on is 15% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.8 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.17% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.33%.
Embodiment 2
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 62mm, 11 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode 12g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 40V, and electric current is 500～550A; During the remelting consumable electrode, feed argon gas in crystallizer, current control is at 1000A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 30%MgF
2+ 30%KCl+40%MgCl
2, add-on is 5% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.55 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.12% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.20%.
Embodiment 3
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 60mm, 10 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode 12g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 45V, and electric current is 500～600A; During the remelting consumable electrode, feed argon gas in crystallizer, current control is at 600A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 30%MgF
2+ 40%KCl+30%MgCl
2, add-on is 5% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.5 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.11% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.22%.
Embodiment 4
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 60mm, 10 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode 10g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 45V, and electric current is 500～600A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 5%MgF
2+ 35%KCl+60%MgCl
2, add-on is 8% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.8 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.10% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.17%.
Embodiment 5
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 40mm, 8 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 1, altogether 10g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 65V, and electric current is 700～800A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 30%MgF
2+ 40%KCl+30%NaCl, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.8 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.16% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.28%.
Embodiment 6
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 45mm, 9 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 1, altogether 9g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 60V, and electric current is 600～750A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 10%MgF
2+ 30%KCl+60%NaCl, add-on is 9% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.81 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.13% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.25%.
Embodiment 7
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 50mm, 11 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 1, altogether 12g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 60V, and electric current is 700～800A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 5%MgF
2+ 40%KCl+55%NaCl, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.1 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.09% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.17%.
Embodiment 8
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 65mm, 20 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 1.5, altogether 20g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 40V, and electric current is 950～1000A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 10%Na
3AlF
6+ 30%KCl+60%NaCl, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 2 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.08% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.15%.
Embodiment 9
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 60mm, 12 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 1.5, altogether 11g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 45V, and electric current is 600～700A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 25%Na
3AlF
6+ 30%KCl+45%NaCl, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.2 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.13% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.26%.
Embodiment 10
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 60mm, 16 kilograms of weight;
The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 1.5, altogether 12g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 40V, and electric current is 800～900A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 30%Na
3AlF
6+ 40%KCl+30%NaCl, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.6 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.07% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.13%.
Embodiment 11
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 70mm, 15 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 2, altogether 18g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 50V, and electric current is 500～600A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 30%Na
3AlF
6+ 40%KCl+30%MgCl
2, add-on is 8% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.2 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.52% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.80%.
Embodiment 12
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 70mm, 20 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 2, altogether 12g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 60V, and electric current is 700～800A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 10%Na
3AlF
6+ 30%KCl+60%MgCl
2, add-on is 8% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.6 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.34% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.51%.
Embodiment 13
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 60mm, 12 kilograms of weight;
The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 2, altogether 10g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 65V, and electric current is 500～600A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 20%Na
3AlF
6+ 40%KCl+40%MgCl
2, add-on is 8% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.96 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.05% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.11%.
Embodiment 14
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 70mm, 13 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 2, altogether 15g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 45V, and electric current is 400～500A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 30%CaF
2+ 40%KCl+30%CaCl
2, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.3 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.31% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.52%.
Embodiment 15
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 50mm, 15 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 2, altogether 12g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 45V, and electric current is 500～600A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 5%CaF
2+ 35%KCl+60%CaCl
2, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.5 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.18% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.34%.
Embodiment 16
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 55mm, 16 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 2, altogether 15g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 60V, and electric current is 700～800A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 20%CaF
2+ 30%KCl+50%CaCl
2, add-on is 8% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.3 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.12% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.22%.
Embodiment 17
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 64mm, 12 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is a carbon dioxide process carbon electrode, altogether 13g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 50V, and electric current is 500～600A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 30%CaF
2+ 40%KCl+30%NaCl, add-on is 8% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.96 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.13% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.24%.
Embodiment 18
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 60mm, 15 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is a carbon dioxide process carbon electrode, altogether 10g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 60V, and electric current is 600～700A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 5%CaF
2+ 35%KCl+60%NaCl, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.5 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.09% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.14%.
Embodiment 19
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 50mm, 12 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is a carbon dioxide process carbon electrode, altogether 14g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 50V, and electric current is 600～700A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 20%CaF
2+ 30%KCl+50%NaCl, add-on is 9% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.1 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.13% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.23%.
Claims (5)
1. a method of removing element silicon in the aluminium alloy is characterized in that,
Step 1 pours into the consumable electrode rod with aluminium alloy;
Step 2 is put into electroslag furnace with the consumable electrode rod;
Step 3 adds slag charge, carries out esr;
Step 4 after melting is finished, is cut off the electricity supply, and cooling obtains aluminium alloy;
Wherein, described slag charge is 100%Na
3AlF
6Or a kind of in the following composition:
5～30％MgF
2+30～40％KCl+30～60％MgCl
2，
5～30％MgF
2+30～40％KCl+30～60％NaCl，
10～30％Na
3AlF
6+30～40％KCl+30～60％NaCl，
10～30％Na
3AlF
6+30～40％KCl+30～60％MgCl
2，
5～30％CaF
2+30～40％KCl+30～60％CaCl
2，
With 5～30%CaF
2+ 30～40%KCl+30～60%NaCl;
Percentage ratio in the described composition is weight percentage;
The silicon content of the aluminium alloy described in the step 1 is lower than 1wt%;
The weight of described adding slag charge is 5～15% of consumable electrode rod weight.
2. the method for element silicon is characterized in that in the removal aluminium alloy according to claim 1, and described esr, the voltage during slag making are 40～65V, and electric current is 300～1000A.
3. the method for element silicon is characterized in that in the removal aluminium alloy according to claim 1, and described esr during the remelting consumable electrode, feeds argon gas in crystallizer.
4. the method for element silicon is characterized in that in the removal aluminium alloy according to claim 1, described esr, and during the remelting consumable electrode, current control is at 300～1000A.
5. the method for element silicon is characterized in that in the removal aluminium alloy according to claim 1, and the described refrigerative time is 10～40 minutes.
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| CN102094125B (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2013-01-09 | 东南大学 | Process method for preparing magnesium alloy through electro-slag remelting |
| CN103540747B (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2016-04-06 | 登封电厂集团铝合金有限公司 | Aluminum-silicon alloy refining agent that a kind of electric heating process is produced and preparation method thereof |
| CN103710548A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-09 | 上海交通大学 | Aluminum/aluminum alloy efficient silica removal flux as well as preparation method and use thereof |
| CN104761507B (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2019-11-12 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | Amido quinazoline derivatives and its application in drug |
| CN108358208A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-03 | 福州大学 | A kind of preparation method of the silicide of nanometer calcium |
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| CN1580300A (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2005-02-16 | 河南中原特殊钢厂 | Copper alloy electroslag remelting process |
| CN101285125A (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2008-10-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Electroslag remelting slag for nickel aluminum bronze |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1580300A (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2005-02-16 | 河南中原特殊钢厂 | Copper alloy electroslag remelting process |
| CN101285125A (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2008-10-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Electroslag remelting slag for nickel aluminum bronze |
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