CN103966452A - Recycling method of magnesium alloy sweeps containing aluminum - Google Patents
Recycling method of magnesium alloy sweeps containing aluminum Download PDFInfo
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- CN103966452A CN103966452A CN201410222218.1A CN201410222218A CN103966452A CN 103966452 A CN103966452 A CN 103966452A CN 201410222218 A CN201410222218 A CN 201410222218A CN 103966452 A CN103966452 A CN 103966452A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a recycling method of magnesium alloy sweeps containing aluminum, relates to a recycling method of magnesium alloy sweeps and particularly relates to a method of an aluminum magnesium intermediate alloy by the magnesium alloy sweeps containing aluminum. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for solving the problem that sweeps generated in the production processing process of magnesium alloy containing aluminum is low in recycling rate. The recycling method of magnesium alloy sweeps comprises the following steps: I, hot-pressing the magnesium alloy sweeps to magnesium pieces; II, melting an aluminum ingot; III, pressing a part of magnesium pieces into a bell jar of molten aluminum to be smelted; IV, then adding residual magnesium pieces and smelting to obtain molten aluminum magnesium; V, adding a smelting agent to refine the melt; VI, drossing after degassing, and pouring to ingots to obtain the aluminum magnesium intermediate alloy. In the recycling process of the magnesium alloy sweeps, no protective atmosphere is required. The oxidizing burning loss of magnesium alloy at high temperature is reduced, the production process is simple, the production cost is lowered by using the magnesium alloy sweeps and the recovery rate of magnesium element can reach over 90%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the recoverying and utilizing method of magnesium alloy scrap, be specifically related to utilize the method for preparing magnalium master alloy containing the magnesium alloy scrap of aluminium.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy has that density is low, specific tenacity and the advantage such as specific rigidity is high, heat-conductive characteristic is good, vibration damping and noise reducing is good, liquid condition shaping superior performance, machining property is good, electromagnetic shielding ability is strong, show extremely important use value and wide application prospect, be suitable for the industries such as automobile, motorcycle, computer, communication, instrument, household electrical appliances, light industry, military affairs.
Magnesium alloy is divided into cast magnesium alloys and wrought magnesium alloys by forming technology, and wrought magnesium alloys, taking AZ31 magnesium alloy as representative, has good ductility and medium high strength, and low price, is the most general wrought magnesium alloys of current commercial applications; Cast magnesium alloys, taking AZ91 magnesium alloy as representative, has higher intensity and excellent castability.But magnesium alloy rate of utilization in process of manufacture is not high, for example AZ91 magnesium alloy adopts pressure casting process to produce, material use efficiency less than 50% from raw materials for production to finished product, produces a large amount of waste materials, how to recycle these waste materials and is subject to people and payes attention to widely.
Magnesium alloy waste material can be regenerated and be regenerated and reclaim with liquid phase by solid phase at present.Solid phase regeneration is that this method is newer based on hot pressing or hot-extrusion direct forming, and technology is immature, in the laboratory study stage.Liquid phase regeneration comprises distillation method, crucible oven process, salt bath channel process, twin furnace method, filters concise method and compartment gas bubble proof without flux Argon, distillation method is to carry out vacuum purification based on the different principle of each element vapour pressure, is suitable for pure magnesium, and equipment cost used is higher, complicated operation, energy consumption is large; Crucible oven process adopts flux protection direct heating magnesium alloy waste material, and flux easily remains in molten metal, produces inner flux and is mingled with, and reduces quality product, in fusion process, can emit harmful Cl
2or HCl gas; Salt bath channel process and twin furnace method can progressively purify liquid magnesium alloy or smelting furnace and casting furnace are separated, and adopt SF when melting
6atmosphere is protected, and is the main method that current magnesium alloy waste material is recycled; When filtering concise method and compartment gas bubble proof and stir based on the liquid magnesium alloy to melting without flux Argon, be blown into argon gas in bottom, molten bath, produce tiny bubble melt is played to stirring action, promote impurity to separate, the technological operation time is longer, and cost is higher, less being applied in industrial production.
Due to magnesium alloy, at high temperature oxidization burning loss is serious, in melting casting cycle, must adopt sfgd., and technique more complicated and technological operation time are longer, and a large amount of magnesium remains in waste residue simultaneously, and the recovery utilization rate of magnesium alloy waste material is lower.
Summary of the invention
To the present invention seeks to the low problem of scrap recovery utilization rate producing in process of manufacture containing the magnesium alloy of aluminium in order solving, and a kind of recoverying and utilizing method of the magnesium alloy scrap containing aluminium to be provided.
The present invention follows these steps to realize containing the recoverying and utilizing method of the magnesium alloy scrap of aluminium:
One, by the magnesium alloy scrap oil removing post-drying containing aluminium producing in process for processing, then magnesium alloy scrap hot pressing on pressing machine of drying is made to magnesium part;
Two, according to chemical formula AlMgn, n is 1≤n≤20, takes aluminium ingot bar and magnesium part by stoichiometric ratio, arranges aluminium ingot bar along the furnace wall of smelting furnace, opens smelting furnace melting aluminum ingot, then evenly sprinkles the smelting agent after thermal pretreatment, obtains aluminium liquid;
Three, aluminium liquid is warming up to 740～760 DEG C, adopts forced 1/3～1/2 of the required magnesium part quality that adds of bell jar, blowing out after magnesium part all melts, stirs 2～3 minutes with the speed of 5～20cm/s, obtains the aluminium liquid containing magnesium;
Four, smelting furnace is warming up to 740～760 DEG C, adopts that bell jar is forced adds remaining magnesium part, until all blowing outs after fusing of magnesium part, stir 2～3 minutes with the speed of 5～20cm/s, obtain magnalium liquid;
Five, smelting furnace is warming up to 740～760 DEG C, add the smelting agent after thermal pretreatment to carry out refining to melt at magnalium liquid surface uniform, with the speed uniform stirring of 5～20cm/s, refining time is 5～10 minutes simultaneously, leave standstill skimming after 5～10 minutes, obtain molten aluminum liquid;
Six,, under the molten aluminum liquid temperature of step 5 is the condition of 720～730 DEG C, utilize rotary degassing machine to use N
2with Cl
2mixed gas carry out degassing processing, utilize hydrogen meter to measure hydrogen richness, below hydrogen richness reaches 0.2ml/100gAl time, stop degasification and leave standstill skimming after 10～15 minutes, and then in the time that molten aluminum liquid temperature is 700～730 DEG C, carry out skimming and be cast into ingot, obtain magnalium master alloy, complete the recycling containing the magnesium alloy scrap of aluminium.
The present invention containing the recoverying and utilizing method of the magnesium alloy scrap of aluminium compared with existing recycling magnesium alloy scrap technique; melting casting cycle equipment used is simple; atmosphere does not need protection; magnesium alloy at high temperature oxidization burning loss reduces; production technique is simple; adopt magnesium alloy scrap, production cost significantly reduces simultaneously.
The present invention recycles containing the advantage of the magnesium alloy scrap method of aluminium and is the discarded magnesium alloy scurf producing in process of manufacture to re-use, produce the relatively low and up-to-standard magnalium master alloy of price simultaneously, can make the recovery utilization rate of magnesium elements reach more than 90%.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment follows these steps to implement containing the recoverying and utilizing method of the magnesium alloy scrap of aluminium:
One, by the magnesium alloy scrap oil removing post-drying containing aluminium producing in process for processing, then magnesium alloy scrap hot pressing on pressing machine of drying is made to magnesium part;
Two, according to chemical formula AlMgn, n is 1≤n≤20, takes aluminium ingot bar and magnesium part by stoichiometric ratio, arranges aluminium ingot bar along the furnace wall of smelting furnace, opens smelting furnace melting aluminum ingot, then evenly sprinkles the smelting agent after thermal pretreatment, obtains aluminium liquid;
Three, aluminium liquid is warming up to 740～760 DEG C, adopts forced 1/3～1/2 of the required magnesium part quality that adds of bell jar, blowing out after magnesium part all melts, stirs 2～3 minutes with the speed of 5～20cm/s, obtains the aluminium liquid containing magnesium;
Four, smelting furnace is warming up to 740～760 DEG C, adopts that bell jar is forced adds remaining magnesium part, until all blowing outs after fusing of magnesium part, stir 2～3 minutes with the speed of 5～20cm/s, obtain magnalium liquid;
Five, smelting furnace is warming up to 740～760 DEG C, add the smelting agent after thermal pretreatment to carry out refining to melt at magnalium liquid surface uniform, with the speed uniform stirring of 5～20cm/s, refining time is 5～10 minutes simultaneously, leave standstill skimming after 5～10 minutes, obtain molten aluminum liquid;
Six,, under the molten aluminum liquid temperature of step 5 is the condition of 720～730 DEG C, utilize rotary degassing machine to use N
2with Cl
2mixed gas carry out degassing processing, utilize hydrogen meter to measure hydrogen richness, below hydrogen richness reaches 0.2ml/100gAl time, stop degasification and leave standstill skimming after 10～15 minutes, and then in the time that molten aluminum liquid temperature is 700～730 DEG C, carry out skimming and be cast into ingot, obtain magnalium master alloy, complete the recycling containing the magnesium alloy scrap of aluminium.
Present embodiment step 2 evenly sprinkles smelting agent after thermal pretreatment to reduce the scaling loss of aluminium liquid.
In present embodiment step 2 and step 5, the usage quantity of smelting agent is 0.5%～0.8% of metal melt weight, in step 2, is advisable with complete covering metal liquid surface.Effect with the speed uniform stirring of 5～20cm/s in step 5 is for the refining effect of more effective performance smelting agent to melt.
Embodiment two: the quality of what present embodiment was different from embodiment one is every magnesium part in step 1 is 0.25～2.0kg.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: described in step 1 that what present embodiment was different from embodiment two is, magnesium part is shaped as rectangular block shape or pie.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment two.
Embodiment four: the temperature of step 1 hot pressing that what present embodiment was different from one of embodiment one to three is is 150～350 DEG C, and the pressure of hot pressing is 120～300Mpa.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: what present embodiment was different from one of embodiment one to four the is smelting agent described in step 2 and step 5 is by weight percentage by 35%～41% KCl, 40%～46% MgCl
2, 5%～8% BaCl
2, 3%～5% CaF
2, NaCl+CaCl
2≤ 6% and MgO≤1.5% composition.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: the smelting agent that what present embodiment was different from one of embodiment one to five is after the thermal pretreatment described in step 2 and step 5 is H be dried to smelting agent at 120～180 DEG C of temperature in
2the mass content of O obtains below 0.5%.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: what present embodiment was different from one of embodiment one to six is that step 3 adopts forced 1/3～1/2 of the required magnesium part quality that adds of bell jar, it is 100mm place that its middle bell jar moves to the furnace bottom distance of smelting furnace.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Present embodiment adopts the forced magnesium part that adds of bell jar, between bell jar and furnace bottom, leaves certain space, and bell jar can move horizontally in melt.
Embodiment eight: step 5 that what present embodiment was different from one of embodiment one to seven is adopts that bell jar is forced adds remaining magnesium part, and it is 100mm place that its middle bell jar moves to the furnace bottom distance of smelting furnace.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to seven.
Embodiment mono-: the method that the present embodiment adopts AZ91 magnesium alloy scurf to prepare magnalium master alloy AlMg10 follows these steps to implement:
One, by the magnesium alloy scrap oil removing post-drying producing in process for processing, then dry magnesium alloy scrap by pressing machine 300 DEG C of hot pressing temperatures, under the condition that hot pressing pressure is 180Mpa, the magnesium part of every 1kg is made in hot pressing;
Two, according to chemical formula AlMg10, take aluminium ingot bar and magnesium part by stoichiometric ratio, arrange aluminium ingot bar along the furnace wall of smelting furnace, open smelting furnace melting aluminum ingot, then evenly sprinkle the smelting agent after thermal pretreatment, obtain aluminium liquid;
Three, aluminium liquid is warming up to 760 DEG C, adopts the forced magnesium part that adds 7kg of bell jar, blowing out after magnesium part all melts, stirs 3 minutes with the speed of 5cm/s, obtains the aluminium liquid containing magnesium;
Four, smelting furnace is warming up to 760 DEG C, adopts that bell jar is forced adds remaining 7kg magnesium part, until all blowing outs after fusing of magnesium part, stir 3 minutes with the speed of 5cm/s, obtain magnalium liquid;
Five, smelting furnace is warming up to 740 DEG C, adds the smelting agent after thermal pretreatment to carry out refining to melt at magnalium liquid surface uniform, and with the speed uniform stirring of 10cm/s, refining time is 10 minutes simultaneously, leaves standstill skimming after 5 minutes, obtains molten aluminum liquid;
Six,, under the molten aluminum liquid temperature of step 5 is the condition of 730 DEG C, utilize rotary degassing machine to use N
2with Cl
2mixed gas carry out degassing processing, utilize hydrogen meter to measure hydrogen richness, below hydrogen richness reaches 0.2ml/100gAl time, stop degasification and leave standstill skimming after 15 minutes, and then in the time that molten aluminum liquid temperature is 720 DEG C, carry out skimming and be cast into ingot, obtain magnalium master alloy, complete the recycling containing the magnesium alloy scrap of aluminium.
The rate of recovery of the present embodiment Mg is 90.31%, and specific experiment data see the following form 1.
Table 1
Embodiment bis-: the method that the present embodiment adopts AZ31 magnesium alloy scurf to prepare magnalium master alloy AlMg5 follows these steps to implement:
One, by the magnesium alloy scrap oil removing post-drying producing in process for processing, then dry magnesium alloy scrap at pressing machine 200 DEG C of hot pressing temperatures, under the condition that hot pressing pressure is 150Mpa, the magnesium part of every 1.5kg is made in hot pressing;
Two, according to chemical formula AlMg5, take aluminium ingot bar and magnesium part by stoichiometric ratio, arrange aluminium ingot bar along the furnace wall of smelting furnace, open smelting furnace melting aluminum ingot, then evenly sprinkle the smelting agent after thermal pretreatment, obtain aluminium liquid;
Three, aluminium liquid is warming up to 740 DEG C, adopts the forced magnesium part that adds 2kg of bell jar, blowing out after magnesium part all melts, stirs 3 minutes with the speed of 10cm/s, obtains the aluminium liquid containing magnesium;
Four, smelting furnace is warming up to 740 DEG C, adopts that bell jar is forced adds remaining 4kg magnesium part, until all blowing outs after fusing of magnesium part, stir 3 minutes with the speed of 10cm/s, obtain magnalium liquid;
Five, smelting furnace is warming up to 740 DEG C, adds the smelting agent after thermal pretreatment to carry out refining to melt at magnalium liquid surface uniform, and with the speed uniform stirring of 10cm/s, refining time is 8 minutes simultaneously, leaves standstill skimming after 10 minutes, obtains molten aluminum liquid;
Six,, under the molten aluminum liquid temperature of step 5 is the condition of 730 DEG C, utilize rotary degassing machine to use N
2with Cl
2mixed gas carry out degassing processing, utilize hydrogen meter to measure hydrogen richness, below hydrogen richness reaches 0.2ml/100gAl time, stop degasification and leave standstill skimming after 10 minutes, and then in the time that molten aluminum liquid temperature is 710 DEG C, carry out skimming and be cast into ingot, obtain magnalium master alloy, complete the recycling containing the magnesium alloy scrap of aluminium.
The rate of recovery of the present embodiment Mg is 92.32%, and specific experiment data see the following form 2.
Table 2
Embodiment tri-: the method that the present embodiment adopts AZ61 magnesium alloy scurf to prepare magnalium master alloy AlMg10 follows these steps to implement:
One, by the magnesium alloy scrap oil removing post-drying producing in process for processing, then dry magnesium alloy scrap at pressing machine 250 DEG C of hot pressing temperatures, under the condition that hot pressing pressure is 200Mpa, the magnesium part of every 0.5kg is made in hot pressing;
Two, according to chemical formula AlMg10, take aluminium ingot bar and magnesium part by stoichiometric ratio, arrange aluminium ingot bar along the furnace wall of smelting furnace, open smelting furnace melting aluminum ingot, then evenly sprinkle the smelting agent after thermal pretreatment, obtain aluminium liquid;
Three, aluminium liquid is warming up to 740 DEG C, adopts the forced magnesium part that adds 6.5kg of bell jar, blowing out after magnesium part all melts, stirs 3 minutes with the speed of 8cm/s, obtains the aluminium liquid containing magnesium;
Four, smelting furnace is warming up to 740 DEG C, adopts that bell jar is forced adds remaining 6.5kg magnesium part, until all blowing outs after fusing of magnesium part, stir 3 minutes with the speed of 8cm/s, obtain magnalium liquid;
Five, smelting furnace is warming up to 740 DEG C, adds the smelting agent after thermal pretreatment to carry out refining to melt at magnalium liquid surface uniform, and with the speed uniform stirring of 5cm/s, refining time is 8 minutes simultaneously, leaves standstill skimming after 10 minutes, obtains molten aluminum liquid;
Six,, under the molten aluminum liquid temperature of step 5 is the condition of 720 DEG C, utilize rotary degassing machine to use N
2with Cl
2mixed gas carry out degassing processing, utilize hydrogen meter to measure hydrogen richness, below hydrogen richness reaches 0.2ml/100gAl time, stop degasification and leave standstill skimming after 10 minutes, and then in the time that molten aluminum liquid temperature is 700 DEG C, carry out skimming and be cast into ingot, obtain magnalium master alloy, complete the recycling containing the magnesium alloy scrap of aluminium.
The rate of recovery of the present embodiment Mg is 90.70%, and specific experiment data see the following form 3.
Claims (8)
1. contain a recoverying and utilizing method for the magnesium alloy scrap of aluminium, it is characterized in that the recoverying and utilizing method of the magnesium alloy scrap that contains aluminium follows these steps to realize:
One, by the magnesium alloy scrap oil removing post-drying containing aluminium producing in process for processing, then magnesium alloy scrap hot pressing on pressing machine of drying is made to magnesium part;
Two, according to chemical formula AlMgn, n is 1≤n≤20, takes aluminium ingot bar and magnesium part by stoichiometric ratio, arranges aluminium ingot bar along the furnace wall of smelting furnace, opens smelting furnace melting aluminum ingot, then evenly sprinkles the smelting agent after thermal pretreatment, obtains aluminium liquid;
Three, aluminium liquid is warming up to 740～760 DEG C, adopts forced 1/3～1/2 of the required magnesium part quality that adds of bell jar, blowing out after magnesium part all melts, stirs 2～3 minutes with the speed of 5～20cm/s, obtains the aluminium liquid containing magnesium;
Four, smelting furnace is warming up to 740～760 DEG C, adopts that bell jar is forced adds remaining magnesium part, until all blowing outs after fusing of magnesium part, stir 2～3 minutes with the speed of 5～20cm/s, obtain magnalium liquid;
Five, smelting furnace is warming up to 740～760 DEG C, add the smelting agent after thermal pretreatment to carry out refining to melt at magnalium liquid surface uniform, with the speed uniform stirring of 5～20cm/s, refining time is 5～10 minutes simultaneously, leave standstill skimming after 5～10 minutes, obtain molten aluminum liquid;
Six,, under the molten aluminum liquid temperature of step 5 is the condition of 720～730 DEG C, utilize rotary degassing machine to use N
2with Cl
2mixed gas carry out degassing processing, utilize hydrogen meter to measure hydrogen richness, below hydrogen richness reaches 0.2ml/100gAl time, stop degasification and leave standstill skimming after 10～15 minutes, and then in the time that molten aluminum liquid temperature is 700～730 DEG C, carry out skimming and be cast into ingot, obtain magnalium master alloy, complete the recycling containing the magnesium alloy scrap of aluminium.
2. the recoverying and utilizing method of a kind of magnesium alloy scrap containing aluminium according to claim 1, the quality that it is characterized in that every magnesium part in step 1 is 0.25～2.0kg.
3. the recoverying and utilizing method of a kind of magnesium alloy scrap containing aluminium according to claim 1, what it is characterized in that magnesium part described in step 1 is shaped as rectangular block shape or pie.
4. the recoverying and utilizing method of a kind of magnesium alloy scrap containing aluminium according to claim 1, the temperature that it is characterized in that step 1 hot pressing is 150～350 DEG C, the pressure of hot pressing is 120～300Mpa.
5. the recoverying and utilizing method of a kind of magnesium alloy scrap containing aluminium according to claim 1, is characterized in that the smelting agent described in step 2 and step 5 is by weight percentage by 35%～41% KCl, 40%～46% MgCl
2, 5%～8% BaCl
2, 3%～5% CaF
2, NaCl+CaCl
2≤ 6% and MgO≤1.5% composition.
6. the recoverying and utilizing method of a kind of magnesium alloy scrap containing aluminium according to claim 1, is characterized in that the smelting agent after the thermal pretreatment described in step 2 and step 5 is H be dried to smelting agent at 120～180 DEG C of temperature in
2the mass content of O obtains below 0.5%.
7. the recoverying and utilizing method of a kind of magnesium alloy scrap containing aluminium according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 3 adopts forced 1/3～1/2 of the required magnesium part quality that adds of bell jar, and it is 100mm place that its middle bell jar moves to the furnace bottom distance of smelting furnace.
8. the recoverying and utilizing method of a kind of magnesium alloy scrap containing aluminium according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 5 adopts that bell jar is forced adds remaining magnesium part, and it is 100mm place that its middle bell jar moves to the furnace bottom distance of smelting furnace.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106076613A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-11-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of method recycling iron filings and prepared Al Fe intermediate alloy |
| CN107267785A (en) * | 2017-06-24 | 2017-10-20 | 南京明轮有色金属有限公司 | A kind of solvent-free, full waste material magnesium alloy processing technology |
| CN109055756A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-21 | 湖南鸿飞机械有限公司 | A kind of anode novel residual anode processing process suitable for non-ferrous metal pyrometallurgical smelting |
| CN112126798A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-25 | 江苏理工学院 | Solid recovery and regeneration method for rare earth magnesium alloy |
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| CN102965527A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-03-13 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Method for preparing aluminium-chromium intermediate alloy by using chromium shavings |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101967572A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-02-09 | 湖南金联星冶金材料技术有限公司 | Method for preparing aluminum and titanium master alloy from titanium chips and aluminum at low temperature |
| CN102965527A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-03-13 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Method for preparing aluminium-chromium intermediate alloy by using chromium shavings |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106076613A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-11-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of method recycling iron filings and prepared Al Fe intermediate alloy |
| CN107267785A (en) * | 2017-06-24 | 2017-10-20 | 南京明轮有色金属有限公司 | A kind of solvent-free, full waste material magnesium alloy processing technology |
| CN109055756A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-21 | 湖南鸿飞机械有限公司 | A kind of anode novel residual anode processing process suitable for non-ferrous metal pyrometallurgical smelting |
| CN112126798A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-25 | 江苏理工学院 | Solid recovery and regeneration method for rare earth magnesium alloy |
| CN112126798B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-04-08 | 江苏理工学院 | Solid recovery and regeneration method for rare earth magnesium alloy |
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