CN101618667A - Leaf-spring equalizing suspension mechanism, multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system and crane - Google Patents
Leaf-spring equalizing suspension mechanism, multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system and crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN101618667A CN101618667A CN200810125284A CN200810125284A CN101618667A CN 101618667 A CN101618667 A CN 101618667A CN 200810125284 A CN200810125284 A CN 200810125284A CN 200810125284 A CN200810125284 A CN 200810125284A CN 101618667 A CN101618667 A CN 101618667A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a leaf-spring equalizing suspension mechanism, which comprises a leaf-spring arranged between a vehicle frame and an axle, an upper thrusting bar and a lower thrusting bar. The middle part of the leaf-spring is hinged with the axle and two end parts of the leaf-spring are respectively connected with the vehicle frame in a slide way; and the two ends of both the upper thrusting bar and the lower thrusting bar are respectively hinged between the vehicle frame and the axle, the upper thrusting bar, the lower thrusting bar, the axle and the vehicle frame form a four-bar hinge mechanism and have a projection in parallelogram form on a transverse projection plane. On the horizontal projection plane, an included angle is formed between the thrusting bars and the longitudinal center line of the axle. The leaf-spring equalizing suspension mechanism is applied to single-axis or multi-axis suspension systems. Under the action of a longitudinal force, the axle is kept to do translational motion during bobbing so as to guarantee the reliability of the drive system and the accurate positioning of both the axle and the tyres; and the thrusting bars arranged obliquely can bear and buffer transverse force so as to reliably realize functions of stress transfer and vibration relaxation. The invention further provides a multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system and a crane.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the vehicle suspension technology, be specifically related to a kind of leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism, adopt the multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system and the hoisting crane of this mechanism.
Background technology
Suspension system is the important component part of automobile, it flexibly connects vehicle frame and vehicle bridge, be used for power and the moment of transfer function between wheel and vehicle frame, and buffering is passed to the impulsive force of vehicle frame or vehicle body by uneven road surface, the vibrations that decay causes thus can be travelled to guarantee automobile smooth-goingly.Particularly for multiple-axle vehicle, suspension fork mechanism is restricting the development on multiple-axle vehicle chassis always.
Usually the structure design of suspension fork mechanism need be considered the factor of three aspects: one needs the axle load of a plurality of vehicle bridge of balance, avoids that uniaxial load is excessive to be caused the damage of vehicle bridge and then bring serious threat to traffic safety; Its two power that needs all directions that balance ground transmits is to guarantee the ride comfort of vehicle '; It three need possess enough bob amounts, to guarantee the crossing ability of vehicle.
At present, known vehicle suspension has gas and oil equilibration suspension and leaf spring balance suspension two big classifications.Existing oil gas class balance suspension structure is in each vehicle bridge a hydro-pneumatic spring and control cock to be set each side, and each hydro-pneumatic spring is cascaded, and oil circuit communicates.When some axle weights were excessive, the oil pressure in the control cock control system on each vehicle bridge was consistent, and then the load of each vehicle bridge of balance; But this suspension frame structure and control technology complexity thereof and cost are higher, can't be able to popularization and application on the civil car chassis.
Comparatively speaking, leaf spring class balance suspension has the low characteristics of tooling cost, has overcome the defective that oil gas class balance suspension can't be able to widespread use.See also Fig. 1, this figure is the structural representation of existing steel spring equalizing suspension system.Steel spring equalizing suspension system shown in Figure 1 is an example with three, and this system mainly comprises: steel spring, propelling rod and equalizing bar; Wherein, three steel spring (10a, 10b, 10c) respectively with three vehicle bridge (60a, 60b, 60c) be rigidly connected, three propelling rod (20a, 20b, 20c) be hinged on three vehicle bridge (60a respectively, 60b, 60c) and between the vehicle frame 50 (as the hinge A among Fig. 1, B, C, D, E, F), on the vehicle frame between adjacent two vehicle bridge, be respectively arranged with equalizing bar (30a, 30b), described equalizing bar (30a, middle part and vehicle frame 30b) is hinged (as hinge G among Fig. 1, H), the rear end of the front end of steel spring 10a and steel spring 10c respectively be installed in vehicle frame 50 upper bracket (40a, 40b) sliding block joint, the opposite end of two adjacent steel springs respectively with close equalizing bar end sliding block joint, as shown in the figure, the front end of the rear end of steel spring 10a and steel spring 10b respectively with the two ends sliding block joint of equalizing bar 40a, the front end of the rear end of steel spring 10b and steel spring 10c respectively with the both ends sliding block joint of equalizing bar 40b.In this scheme, symmetry and equalizing bar two arms are isometric before and after the steel spring, and therefore, the vertical load on each vehicle bridge substantially all equates in the bob amount that limits; But existing steel spring equalizing suspension system light plate spring and vehicle bridge can cause the vehicle bridge swing in the vehicle bridge bob process, and then can cause the damage of driving system for being rigidly connected and having only single longitudinal rod; Transverse force that while ground is transmitted and braking antagonistic force carry out balance by leaf spring, very easily cause the damage of elements such as leaf spring, and such suspension generally only is applied in the vehicle that each vehicle bridge is reach at present, as multi-axle trailer.
In view of this, demand urgently developing out and can effectively cushion the application force steel spring suspension frame structure that comes from ground-surface all directions, to guarantee that each vehicle bridge is safer, stable and reliable in the vehicle operating.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned defective, the technical matters that the present invention solves is, a kind of leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism, multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system and hoisting crane are provided.
Leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism provided by the invention comprises steel spring, upper thrust rod and lower thrust rod, and described steel spring is arranged between vehicle frame and the vehicle bridge, hinged and its both ends of the middle part of described steel spring and vehicle bridge respectively with the vehicle frame sliding block joint; The two ends of described upper thrust rod and lower thrust rod are articulated in respectively between vehicle frame and the vehicle bridge, and described upper thrust rod, lower thrust rod, vehicle bridge and vehicle frame constitute four-bar linkage and be projected as parallel four limit row on transverse projection face.
Preferably, on horizontal plane, has angle between described upper thrust rod and the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline.
Angle between described upper thrust rod and the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline is 0 °～60 °.
Preferably, on horizontal plane, has angle between described lower thrust rod and the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline.
Angle between described lower thrust rod and the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline is 0 °～60 °.
Preferably, described steel spring comprises leaf spring body, hinged attached seat, jointed shaft and two plain bearings, and wherein said hinged attached seat is fixedly installed on the bottom of described leaf spring body, has through hole on the described hinged attached seat; The middle part of described jointed shaft is installed in the described through hole, the step axle that its both sides axle head is a undergauge and extend the outside of described hinged attached seat; Described two plain bearings are separately positioned on the port, both sides of described through hole and match with described jointed shaft; Correspondingly, be set with two articulated stands on vehicle bridge, the both sides external part of described jointed shaft is affixed with two articulated stands respectively, to realize hinged between described steel spring and the vehicle bridge.
Preferably, described articulated stand is upper and lower split-type structural, and the junction surface of described upper bracket and lower bracket forms the mounting hole of ccontaining jointed shaft axle head, and upper bracket is captiveed joint by bolt connection assembly with lower bracket.
The cross sectional shape of described lower bracket is " n " font, and clamps by bolt connection assembly and to be fixed on the vehicle bridge.
Leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism provided by the invention compared with prior art, the present invention is provided with upper and lower two propelling rods, formed four-bar linkage is projected as parallel four limit row between described upper thrust rod, lower thrust rod, vehicle frame and the vehicle bridge on transverse projection face, bar remains parallel relatively, and the angular transposition of two connecting rods, cireular frequency and angular acceleration also equate all the time, are hinged relationship between described steel spring and the vehicle bridge simultaneously.Based on this, be subjected to longitudinal force to do the time spent, described vehicle bridge keeps motion of translation in the bob process in transverse projection face, guarantees the correct location of reliability and the vehicle bridge and the tire of driving system.
In preferred version of the present invention, has angle between described upper thrust rod and/or lower thrust rod and the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline, the propelling rod of oblique layout can bear and cushion horizontal force, the steel spring of guaranteeing mode of operation is stressed good, improved the field of application of leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism, that is, the present invention can be used for steering shaft and axle drive shaft, and can realize transmitting stressed, mitigation vibrating function reliably.
Leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism provided by the invention can satisfy the traveling comfort requirement, can satisfy the requirement of road-holding property again, is applicable to single shaft or multiaxis suspension system.
The present invention also provides a kind of multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system, comprises two sliding supports, at least two equalizing bars and at least three foregoing leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism; Described two sliding supports are fixedly installed on respectively on the vehicle frame of preceding vehicle bridge front side and back vehicle bridge rear side; Described at least two equalizing bars be separately positioned on the vehicle frame between the adjacent vehicle bridge and the middle part and the vehicle frame of described equalizing bar hinged; Described at least three leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism set gradually from front to back; Wherein, the rearward end of the leading section of front side steel spring and rear side steel spring respectively with two sliding support sliding block joints, the opposite end of adjacent described steel spring is respectively and be arranged on the two ends sliding block joint of the equalizing bar between the adjacent vehicle bridge.
Preferably, described sliding support comprises rack body, goes up stopper part and lower bearing pin, and the both sides of described rack body are extended with downwards respectively and connect attached seat; Middle part and its two ends that described upward stopper part is arranged on described rack body are connected attached seat captive joint respectively with two; Described lower bearing pin is arranged on described below and its two ends of going up the stopper part and is connected attached seat captive joint respectively with two; Wherein, two of described rack body connect attached seat, go up between stopper part and the lower bearing pin and form the accommodation section, and the end of this accommodation section and the described steel spring that is mated forms sliding block joint.
The described contact surface of going up stopper part and described steel spring is outer convex globoidal.
Preferably, described equalizing bar comprises two side plates, jointed shaft, two overhead gages and two following adapter shafts; Captive joint with the madial wall of two side plates respectively in the both ends of described jointed shaft, described jointed shaft is used for vehicle frame hinged; Described two overhead gages and two following adapter shafts are fixedly installed between two side plates respectively and are symmetricly set on the both sides of described jointed shaft along fore-and-aft direction; Wherein, form the accommodation section respectively between the described overhead gage at described equalizing bar both ends, following adapter shaft and two side plates, the end of this accommodation section and the described steel spring that is mated forms sliding block joint.
The contact surface of described two overhead gages and described steel spring is outer convex globoidal.
The present invention also provides a kind of hoisting crane, comprise the leaf spring equalizing suspension system, described leaf spring equalizing suspension system is two groups of foregoing multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension systems, and described two groups of multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension systems are separately positioned on the place, two ends of vehicle bridge.
Preferably, on horizontal plane, the upper thrust rod that is articulated in described two groups of suspension systems of same vehicle bridge overlaps with the hinge-point of this vehicle bridge respectively.
Preferably, on horizontal plane, be articulated in same vehicle bridge described two groups of suspension systems upper thrust rod respectively with the overlapping of vehicle frame than contact.
Preferably, on horizontal plane, the lower thrust rod that is articulated in described two groups of suspension systems of same vehicle bridge overlaps with the hinge-point of this vehicle bridge respectively.
Preferably, on horizontal plane, the lower thrust rod that is articulated in described two groups of suspension systems of same vehicle bridge overlaps with the hinge-point of vehicle frame respectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing steel spring equalizing suspension system;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the movement relation sketch of leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the layout scheme drawing of upper thrust rod of the present invention and lower thrust rod, and wherein, Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b, Fig. 4 c, Fig. 4 d, Fig. 4 e, Fig. 4 f, Fig. 4 g and Fig. 4 h illustrate eight kinds of arrangements;
Fig. 5 is the integral structure scheme drawing of steel spring of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the I-I cutaway view Amplified image of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 a is the structural representation of hinged attached seat of the present invention, and Fig. 7 b is the II-II cutaway view of Fig. 7 a;
Fig. 8 is the integral structure scheme drawing of articulated stand of the present invention;
Fig. 9 be the III of Fig. 2 to partial view, it shows hinge mounted relation between described steel spring 1 and the described vehicle bridge 5;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system provided by the present invention;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of sliding support of the present invention, and wherein Figure 11 a is a front view, and Figure 11 b is a side sectional view;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of equalizing bar of the present invention, and wherein Figure 12 a is a front view, and Figure 12 b is a side sectional view;
Figure 13 is the structure diagram of hoisting crane provided by the present invention.
Among Fig. 2-Figure 13:
The specific embodiment
Specify present embodiment below in conjunction with Figure of description.
The design philosophy of leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism of the present invention is to utilize the motion characteristics of four-bar linkage, on the basis of the axle load that adjacent vehicle bridge is born in the balance multiple-axle vehicle, can improve whole suspension system and driving system reliability of operation effectively again.
See also Fig. 2, this figure is the structural representation of leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, the described leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism of present embodiment mainly is made up of steel spring 1 and upper thrust rod 2 and lower thrust rod 3.
Wherein, described steel spring 1 is arranged between vehicle frame 4 and the vehicle bridge 5, its both ends respectively with vehicle frame 4 sliding block joints, the middle part of described steel spring 1 and vehicle bridge 5 hinged (hinge-point is the E shown in the figure) can relatively rotate between described steel spring 1 and the described vehicle bridge 5 guaranteeing.
Wherein, as shown in the figure, described upper thrust rod 2 places the top of described lower thrust rod 3, the two ends of described upper thrust rod 2 and lower thrust rod 3 are articulated between vehicle frame 4 and the vehicle bridge 5 (hinge-point is A, B, C, the D shown in the figure) respectively, and described upper thrust rod 2, lower thrust rod 3, vehicle bridge 5 and vehicle frame 4 constitute four-bar linkages and be projected as parallel four limit row on transverse projection face.The aforementioned lateral projecting plane is that the left and right directions during with vehicle ' defines as benchmark.
The present invention compares with the Leaf Spring Suspension System in the background technology: in the prior art scheme, every group of suspension frame structure only has a propelling rod (20a, 20b, 20c) to be articulated between vehicle bridge (60a, 60b, 60c) and the vehicle frame 50, to bear the longitudinal force that is produced in the processes such as acceleration or braking; Between this case light plate spring (10a, 10b, 10c) and the vehicle bridge (60a, 60b, 60c) for captiveing joint relation, and be the sliding block joint relation between steel spring two ends (10a, 10b, 10c) and the support 50, therefore, be subjected to longitudinal force to do the time spent, fore-and-aft direction swing (shown in arrow among Fig. 1) can take place in the bob process in vehicle bridge (60a, 60b, 60c) thereupon; And in technical solution of the present invention, be provided with, following two propelling rods, described upper thrust rod 2, lower thrust rod 3, formed four-bar linkage is projected as parallel four limit row between vehicle frame 4 and the vehicle bridge 5 on transverse projection face, bar remains parallel relatively, the angular transposition of two connecting rods, cireular frequency and angular acceleration also equate all the time, be hinged relationship between the middle part of described steel spring 1 and the vehicle bridge simultaneously, based on this, be subjected to longitudinal force to do the time spent, described vehicle bridge 5 keeps motion of translation in the bob process in transverse projection face, guarantees the correct location of reliability and the vehicle bridge and the tire of driving system.Specifically see also Fig. 3, this figure is the movement relation sketch of leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism of the present invention, as shown in the figure, is subjected to external force to do the time spent, and described vehicle bridge 5 moves to vehicle bridge 5 among the figure ' locate.
Further, on horizontal plane, has angle between described upper thrust rod 2 and/or lower thrust rod 3 and the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline.Wherein, aforementioned vehicle frame vertically is that the fore-and-aft direction with vehicle ' is the benchmark definition, that is to say, and along the fore-and-aft direction of vehicle ', described upper thrust rod 2 and/or lower thrust rod 3 oblique settings.
The present invention compares with the Leaf Spring Suspension System in the background technology: in the prior art scheme, the transverse force that ground is transmitted is carried out balance by steel spring, very easily cause the damage of parts such as steel spring, therefore, this scheme generally only is applied to the vehicle that each vehicle bridge is reach; In technical scheme of the present invention, has angle between described upper thrust rod 2 and/or lower thrust rod 3 and the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline, the propelling rod of oblique layout can bear and cushion horizontal force, the steel spring 1 of guaranteeing mode of operation is stressed good, and then improves the field of application of leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism.
See also Fig. 4, this figure is the layout scheme drawing of upper thrust rod of the present invention and lower thrust rod, Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b, Fig. 4 c, Fig. 4 d, Fig. 4 e, Fig. 4 f, Fig. 4 g and Fig. 4 h illustrate eight kinds of arrangements, wherein, described upper thrust rod 2 shown in Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b and lower thrust rod 3 be arranged in parallel with respect to the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline, and promptly angle is 0 °; Described upper thrust rod 2 shown in Fig. 4 c, Fig. 4 d, Fig. 4 e and Fig. 4 f or lower thrust rod 3 are with respect to the oblique setting of vehicle frame longitudinal centerline; Described upper thrust rod 2 shown in Fig. 4 g and Fig. 4 h and lower thrust rod 3 are oblique setting with respect to the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline.
Need to prove; the oblique arrangement of propelling rod of the present invention and the arrangement of hinge can be optimized design in conjunction with concrete space structure; that is to say; can only described upper thrust rod 2 or lower thrust rod 3 be carried out oblique setting; also described upper thrust rod 2 and lower thrust rod 3 can be carried out oblique setting simultaneously; use needs to reach the technique effect that bears and cushion horizontal force as long as satisfy, all in the protection domain of this patent.
Special version a bit, on horizontal plane, be not particularly limited for the inside and outside relative position relation between described upper thrust rod and the lower thrust rod in this case, in fact, when described upper thrust rod 2 places the outside of described lower thrust rod 3 or described lower thrust rod 3 when placing the outside of described upper thrust rod 2, the action principle of mechanism is identical.
Further, the angle between described upper thrust rod and the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline is 0 °～60 °; Angle between described lower thrust rod and the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline is 0 °～60 °.Wherein, on horizontal plane, when the angle between described upper thrust rod 2 and/or lower thrust rod 3 and the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline was between 0 °～60 °, entire mechanism can be in did not have motion dead point, the mode of operation smoothly that moves.
In order to describe the hinged relationship between described steel spring 1 and the vehicle bridge 5 in detail, please in the lump referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9.Wherein, Fig. 5 is the integral structure scheme drawing of steel spring of the present invention, and Fig. 6 is the I-I cutaway view Amplified image of Fig. 5.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, described steel spring comprises leaf spring body 11, hinged attached seat 12, jointed shaft 13 and two plain bearings 14; Wherein, described hinged attached seat 12 is fixedly installed on the bottom of described leaf spring body 11, has through hole 121 on the described hinged attached seat 12; Described jointed shaft 13 is installed in the described through hole, and its both sides axle head 131 is for the step axle of undergauge and extend described hinged attached 12 outside; Described two plain bearings 14 are separately positioned on the port, both sides of described through hole 121 and match with described jointed shaft 13; See also Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b, Fig. 7 a is the structural representation of hinged attached seat 12 of the present invention, and Fig. 7 b is the II-II cutaway view of Fig. 7 a; Shown in the figure, described through hole 121 be the stepped hole of two ends hole enlargement, described two plain bearings 14 place respectively in this stepped hole; Correspondingly, be set with two articulated stands 51 on vehicle bridge 5, the both sides external part of described jointed shaft 13 is affixed with two articulated stands 51 respectively, to realize hinged between described steel spring 1 and the vehicle bridge 5.
Further, see also Fig. 8, this figure is the integral structure scheme drawing of articulated stand 51 of the present invention; Described articulated stand 51 is upper and lower split-type structural, the junction surface of described upper bracket 511 and lower bracket 512 forms the mounting hole 513 of ccontaining jointed shaft axle head, promptly, as shown in the figure, the opposite face of described upper bracket 511 and described lower bracket 512 has the indent semi-cylindrical respectively, be the cross section after the upper and lower combination and be circular mounting hole 513, upper bracket 511 is captiveed joint by bolt connection assembly 514 with lower bracket 512.
In this programme, described leaf spring body 11, hinged attached seat 12, jointed shaft 13 and plain bearing 14 etc. are as an assembly assembling; When carrying out hinge mounted, at first two lower bracket 512 are separately fixed on the vehicle bridge 5, jointed shaft 13 both sides axle heads 131 with described steel spring 1 bottom place respectively in the indent semi-cylindrical of two lower bracket 512 then, at last upper bracket 511 is fastened on the described lower bracket 512 also fastening, as shown in Figure 9, this illustrates hinge mounted relation between described steel spring 1 and the described vehicle bridge 5.So design is convenient to carry out assembly manipulation, has improved assembly process process.
Particularly, more as shown in Figure 8, the cross sectional shape of described lower bracket 512 is " n " font, and clamps by bolt connection assembly and to be fixed on the vehicle bridge 5.In this programme, be three between the lower bracket 512 of described " n " shaped sections and the vehicle bridge 5 and contact that the relative position fixed relationship is more reliable, can adapt to impact bigger in the driving process; In addition, adopt the mode that removably connects between described lower bracket 512 and the vehicle bridge 5, be beneficial to maintain in the use.
In fact, described steel spring 1 can have multiple structure with the articulated manner of described vehicle bridge 5, as long as the employing articulated manner is connected all in the protection domain of this patent between described steel spring 1 and the vehicle bridge 5.
Present embodiment also provides the multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring that adopts aforementioned leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism equalizing suspension system, comprises two sliding supports 6, at least two equalizing bars 7 and at least three multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension systems.Mutual alignment and annexation between each parts of clearer description see also Figure 10, and this figure is the structural representation of multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system provided by the present invention.
Be that example specifies with six-wheel vehicle leaf spring equalizing suspension system below, identical for multiple-axle vehicle action principles such as four, five.
Six-wheel vehicle leaf spring balanced system comprises two sliding support 6a and 6b, two equalizing bar 7a and 7b and three foregoing leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism as shown in figure 10, wherein, described two sliding support 6a and 6b are fixedly installed on respectively on the vehicle frame of preceding vehicle bridge 5a front side and back vehicle bridge 5c rear side; Described two equalizing bar 7a and 7b be separately positioned on the vehicle frame 4 between the adjacent vehicle bridge and the middle part of described equalizing bar 7a and 7b hinged with vehicle frame 4 respectively; Described three leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism set gradually from front to back; Wherein, the rearward end of the leading section of front side steel spring 1a and rear side steel spring 1c respectively with two sliding support 6a and 6b sliding block joint, the opposite end of described steel spring 1a, 1b and 1c is respectively and be arranged on equalizing bar 7a between adjacent vehicle bridge 5a, 5b and the 5c and the two ends sliding block joint of 7b.
Steel spring and equalizing bar described in the leaf spring equalizing suspension system of the present invention form lever motion mechanism, when in running order, one of them vehicle bridge is upper and lower beats, other vehicle bridge is upper and lower beats this application force by making with this vehicle bridge bonded assembly steel spring, equalizing bar formation leverage successively, simultaneously, if symmetry before and after described steel spring 1a, 1b and the 1c, described equalizing bar 7a and 7b two arms are isometric, then the vertical load on each vehicle bridge is under any circumstance all equal substantially, thus each load of being born of balance.
Further, see also Figure 11, this figure is the structural representation of sliding support of the present invention, and wherein Figure 11 a is a front view, and Figure 11 b is a side sectional view; Described sliding support 6 comprises rack body 61, goes up stopper part 62 and lower bearing pin 63, and the both sides of described rack body 61 are extended with downwards respectively and connect attached seat 611; Middle part and its two ends that described upward stopper part 62 is arranged on described rack body 61 are connected attached seat 611 captive joints respectively with two; Described lower bearing pin 63 is arranged on described below and its two ends of going up stopper part 62 and is connected attached seat 611 captive joints respectively with two; Wherein, two of described rack body 61 connect attached seat 611, go up between stopper part 62 and the lower bearing pin 63 and form the accommodation section, and the end of this accommodation section and the described steel spring 1 that is mated forms sliding block joint.
Further, the described contact surface 621 of going up stopper part 62 and described steel spring 1 is outer convex globoidal.Like this, described steel spring 1 and the described mode that contacts for line in the slide relative motion between the stopper part 62 that goes up reduce the reciprocating sliding friction coefficient between two parts, the mechanism kinematic flexibility and reliability greatly.
Further, see also Figure 12, this figure is the structural representation of equalizing bar of the present invention, and wherein Figure 12 a is a front view, and Figure 12 b is a side sectional view; Described equalizing bar 7 comprises two side plates 71, jointed shaft 72, two overhead gages 73 and two following adapter shafts 74: captive joint with the madial wall of two side plates 71 respectively in the both ends of described jointed shaft 72, described jointed shaft 72 is used for and 4 hinged cooperations of vehicle frame; Described two overhead gages 73 and two following adapter shafts 74 are fixedly installed between two side plates 71 respectively and are symmetricly set on the both sides of described jointed shaft 74 along fore-and-aft direction; Wherein, form the accommodation section respectively between the described overhead gage 73 at described equalizing bar both ends, following adapter shaft 74 and two side plates 71, the end of this accommodation section and the described steel spring 1 that is mated forms sliding block joint.
Further, described two overhead gages 73 are outer convex globoidal with the contact surface 731 of described steel spring 1.In like manner, described overhead gage 73 is outer convex globoidal with the contact surface 731 of described steel spring 1, further guarantees motion of mechanism flexibility and reliability more.
See also Figure 13, the present invention also provides a kind of hoisting crane, comprise car chassis, winding plant and Lifting device, the suspension system of described car chassis that is its inventive point adopts two groups of foregoing multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension systems, and described two groups of multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension systems are separately positioned on the place, two ends of vehicle bridge.Special version be that other parts such as the winding plant of the described hoisting crane of present embodiment, Lifting device and car chassis are same as the prior art, so do not repeat them here.
In addition, in horizontal plane, two upper thrust rods 2 in two groups of suspension systems described in the present embodiment and the hinge arrangement of two lower thrust rods 3 can be optimized design in conjunction with concrete space structure, that is to say that the homonymy of two described upper thrust rods 2 or two lower thrust rods 3 can be articulated in a bit.On horizontal plane, specifically can be divided into four kinds of arrangements: the upper thrust rod 2 that is articulated in described two groups of suspension systems of same vehicle bridge 5 overlaps with the hinge-point of this vehicle bridge 5 respectively; Be articulated in same vehicle bridge 5 described two groups of suspension systems upper thrust rod 2 respectively with the overlapping of vehicle frame 4 than contact; The lower thrust rod 3 that is articulated in described two groups of suspension systems of same vehicle bridge 5 overlaps with the hinge-point of this vehicle bridge 5 respectively; The lower thrust rod 3 that is articulated in described two groups of suspension systems of same vehicle bridge 5 overlaps with the hinge-point of vehicle frame 4 respectively.See also Fig. 4 e and Fig. 4 f, wherein described upper thrust rod 2 or lower thrust rod 2 shown in Fig. 4 e overlap with the hinge-point of vehicle frame 4, and described upper thrust rod 2 or lower thrust rod 3 shown in Fig. 4 f overlap with the hinge-point of vehicle bridge 5.
Certainly, also can be such optimizing structure according to actual needs, shown in Fig. 4 b, two upper thrust rods 2 of described two groups of suspension systems (or two described lower thrust rods 3) be combined into a bar, promptly be set to one and place on the car body line of centers, to adapt to the requirement of general design.
In sum, when leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism provided by the present invention is in running order, when one of them vehicle bridge is upper and lower when beating, make by form lever transmission mechanism by steel spring, equalizing bar that other vehicle bridge is upper and lower beats successively, because symmetry and equalizing bar two arms are isometric before and after the steel spring, then the vertical load on each vehicle bridge is under any circumstance all equal substantially, realizes the basic function of equalizing suspension mechanism; Simultaneously, because between described steel spring and the vehicle bridge is hinged relationship, the four-bar linkage that described upper and lower two groups of propelling rods are formed has constituted parallelogram on transverse projection face, and then guarantees that vehicle bridge keeps motion of translation and swing can not take place in the bob process; Mechanism bears and the balance all directions transmit power and moment that upper and lower in addition two groups of propelling rods are formed make steel spring work as elastic element, and guarantee the correct location of vehicle bridge, improve the reliability of suspension system.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1, leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism comprises:
Steel spring is arranged between vehicle frame and the vehicle bridge, its both ends respectively with the vehicle frame sliding block joint; With
Propelling rod is articulated between vehicle frame and the vehicle bridge; It is characterized in that:
The middle part and the vehicle bridge of described steel spring are hinged;
Described propelling rod is two: upper thrust rod and lower thrust rod, the two ends of described upper thrust rod and lower thrust rod are articulated in respectively between vehicle frame and the vehicle bridge, and described upper thrust rod, lower thrust rod, vehicle bridge and vehicle frame constitute four-bar linkage and be projected as parallel four limit row on transverse projection face.
2, leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that, on horizontal plane, has angle between described upper thrust rod and the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline, and this angle is 0 °～60 °.
3, leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, on horizontal plane, has angle between described lower thrust rod and the vehicle frame longitudinal centerline, and this angle is 0 °～60 °.
4, leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described steel spring comprises:
The leaf spring body;
Hinged attached seat is fixedly installed on the bottom of described leaf spring body, has through hole on the described hinged attached seat;
Jointed shaft, its middle part is installed in the described through hole, and the both sides axle head of described jointed shaft is the step axle of undergauge and the outside that extends described hinged attached seat; With
Two plain bearings, match with described jointed shaft in the port, both sides that is separately positioned on described through hole;
Correspondingly, be set with two articulated stands on vehicle bridge, the both sides external part of described jointed shaft is affixed with two articulated stands respectively, to realize hinged between described steel spring and the vehicle bridge.
5, leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described articulated stand is upper and lower split-type structural, the junction surface of described upper bracket and lower bracket forms the mounting hole of ccontaining jointed shaft axle head, and upper bracket is captiveed joint by bolt connection assembly with lower bracket.
6, leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the cross sectional shape of described lower bracket is " n " font, and clamps by bolt connection assembly and to be fixed on the vehicle bridge.
7, multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system comprises:
Two sliding supports are fixedly installed on respectively on the vehicle frame of preceding vehicle bridge front side and back vehicle bridge rear side;
At least two equalizing bars, be separately positioned on the vehicle frame between the adjacent vehicle bridge and the middle part of described equalizing bar and vehicle frame hinged; It is characterized in that, also comprise:
At least three as claim 1 leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism described in arbitrary claim to the claim 5, and described at least three leaf spring equalizing suspension mechanism set gradually from front to back;
Wherein, the rearward end of the leading section of front side steel spring and rear side steel spring respectively with two sliding support sliding block joints, the opposite end of adjacent described steel spring is respectively and be arranged on the two ends sliding block joint of the equalizing bar between the adjacent vehicle bridge.
8, multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described sliding support comprises:
Rack body, its both sides are extended with downwards respectively and connect attached seat;
Last stopper part, the middle part and its two ends that are arranged on described rack body are connected attached seat captive joint respectively with two; With
Lower bearing pin is arranged on described below and its two ends of going up the stopper part and is connected attached seat captive joint respectively with two;
Wherein, two of described rack body connect attached seat, go up between stopper part and the lower bearing pin and form the accommodation section, and the end of this accommodation section and the described steel spring that is mated forms sliding block joint.
9, multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the described contact surface of going up stopper part and described steel spring is outer convex globoidal.
10, according to claim 7,8 or 9 described multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension systems, it is characterized in that described equalizing bar comprises:
Two side plates;
Jointed shaft, captive joint with the madial wall of two side plates respectively in its both ends, and described jointed shaft and vehicle frame are hinged;
Two overhead gages and two following adapter shafts are fixedly installed between two side plates respectively and are symmetricly set on the both sides of described jointed shaft along fore-and-aft direction;
Wherein, form the accommodation section respectively between the described overhead gage at described equalizing bar both ends, following adapter shaft and two side plates, the end of this accommodation section and the described steel spring that is mated forms sliding block joint.
11, multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system according to claim 10 is characterized in that, the contact surface of described two overhead gages and described steel spring is outer convex globoidal.
12, hoisting crane, comprise the leaf spring equalizing suspension system, it is characterized in that, described leaf spring equalizing suspension system be two groups as claim 6 to the multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system described in the arbitrary claim of claim 10, described two groups of multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension systems are separately positioned on the two ends place of vehicle bridge.
13, hoisting crane according to claim 12 is characterized in that, on horizontal plane, the upper thrust rod that is articulated in described two groups of suspension systems of same vehicle bridge overlaps with the hinge-point of this vehicle bridge respectively.
14, hoisting crane according to claim 12 is characterized in that, on horizontal plane, be articulated in same vehicle bridge described two groups of suspension systems upper thrust rod respectively with the overlapping of vehicle frame than contact.
According to claim 12,13 or 14 described hoisting cranes, it is characterized in that 15, on horizontal plane, the lower thrust rod that is articulated in described two groups of suspension systems of same vehicle bridge overlaps with the hinge-point of this vehicle bridge respectively.
According to claim 12,13 or 14 described hoisting cranes, it is characterized in that 16, on horizontal plane, the lower thrust rod that is articulated in described two groups of suspension systems of same vehicle bridge overlaps with the hinge-point of vehicle frame respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101252841A CN101618667B (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2008-06-30 | Leaf-spring equalizing suspension mechanism, multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system and crane |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101252841A CN101618667B (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2008-06-30 | Leaf-spring equalizing suspension mechanism, multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system and crane |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101618667A true CN101618667A (en) | 2010-01-06 |
| CN101618667B CN101618667B (en) | 2010-12-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101252841A Active CN101618667B (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2008-06-30 | Leaf-spring equalizing suspension mechanism, multi-axis vehicle leaf-spring equalizing suspension system and crane |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101618667B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108608819A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2018-10-02 | 扬州中集通华专用车有限公司 | Trailer and its suspension |
| CN109131565A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-04 | 陕西同力重工股份有限公司 | Off-highway wide dumper |
| CN109703319A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-03 | 无锡金尚汽车技术开发有限公司 | Eliminate the lateral thrust lever apparatus of lateral displacement |
| CN110884313A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-17 | 利辛县凯盛汽车有限公司 | Semitrailer suspension balancing arm |
| WO2023160611A1 (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-08-31 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | Suspension system and vehicle |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0045411A2 (en) * | 1980-08-04 | 1982-02-10 | Eaton Corporation | Equalized four-spring tandem axle suspension |
| CN2541224Y (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2003-03-26 | 中国重型汽车集团有限公司 | Automotive self-limit rear pendant |
| CN2664935Y (en) * | 2003-06-23 | 2004-12-22 | 李寿宽 | Double-axis double-suspension integrated load-bearing truck suspension arrangement |
| CN2712684Y (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2005-07-27 | 徐州重型机械厂 | Multi-bridge balancing suspension of vehicle |
| CN2858349Y (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-01-17 | 中国重型汽车集团有限公司 | Balance suspension system of multigang driving axle for truck |
| CN201272214Y (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2009-07-15 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Plate spring balance suspension mechanism, multi-axle vehicle plate spring balance suspension system and crane |
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2008
- 2008-06-30 CN CN2008101252841A patent/CN101618667B/en active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108608819A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2018-10-02 | 扬州中集通华专用车有限公司 | Trailer and its suspension |
| CN108608819B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2024-02-09 | 扬州中集通华专用车有限公司 | Trailer and suspension system thereof |
| CN109131565A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-04 | 陕西同力重工股份有限公司 | Off-highway wide dumper |
| CN109703319A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-03 | 无锡金尚汽车技术开发有限公司 | Eliminate the lateral thrust lever apparatus of lateral displacement |
| CN110884313A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-17 | 利辛县凯盛汽车有限公司 | Semitrailer suspension balancing arm |
| CN110884313B (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2021-07-23 | 利辛县凯盛汽车有限公司 | Semitrailer suspension balancing arm |
| WO2023160611A1 (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-08-31 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | Suspension system and vehicle |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101618667B (en) | 2010-12-15 |
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