A kind of process of improving minced fillet yield in frozen minced fillet processing
Technical field
The present invention relates to frozen minced fillets processing, relate in particular to the process that reclaims the fish gruel in a kind of frozen minced fillets processing.
Background technology
Frozen minced fillets is a crucial product in the processing of aquatic products, since frozen minced fillets processing can be directly at sea or the raw material site carry out, raw material seafood degree is good, frozen minced fillets quality height, and the manufacturer of surimi product or frozen food can not be subjected to place, season limit, can obtain satisfactory raw material at any time, accomplishes balanced production, but raw material fish discarded object is focus utilization also, and market prospects are very wide.
At present a kind of frozen minced fillets technological process of production of generally using comprises and washes fish → adopt meat → pre-spray → rinsing → spray → essence to filter → dewater → cut and mix, and corresponding corollary equipment is: fish washer → flesh separator → spray in advance sieve → potcher → spray sieve → strainer → dewaterer → cutmixer.In the frozen minced fillets process, what adopt that the meat operation gather to obtain from the fish body is minced fish and thick fish gruel, and to smart filter, cut and mix operation, minced fish and thick fish are rotten by further refinement; In pre-spray, rinsing, spray operation, can use a large amount of water to clean minced fish and the rotten and elimination rinse water of thick fish, have more fish gruel this moment and discharge, run off with rinse water, in the dehydration link, also there is the gruel of part fish to discharge with the moisture content of sloughing and loses.Effectively reclaiming the fish gruel of these losses, is the key that improves the rotten production yield of fish.The rotten production yield of so-called fish refers to the ratio of frozen minced fillets weight with whole fish or the fish body weight of decaptitating of final acquisition.
In the rotten production of fish in the past, the draining that frozen minced fillets is processed each stage all mixed collection in an accumulator tank, fish is rotten because self proportion is heavier, be deposited in accumulator tank lower floor, collect the gruel of precipitation fish, the elimination moisture content of accumulator tank lower floor, and send the fish gruel of reclaiming back in rinsing process rinsing, return to the flow process of frozen minced fillets processing, remaining waste water discharges after wastewater treatment.Though this method energy recovery section fish gruel, but because that frozen minced fillets is processed the rotten quality of fish of mixing in the different and draining of impurities in each stage draining is also different, as: the draining in pre-spray, the rinsing process contains more grease and watery blood, and the rotten dilation of fish is little; Watery blood and fat content in the draining of spray operation are less, and the rotten whiteness of fish is higher relatively; Draining in the dehydration procedure is cleaner, and the rotten impurity content of fish is few.Original technology is mixed in front and back section fat content difference, draining that cleaning degree is different together and handles, and can cause:
1. owing to the drainage collection with all devices in the production procedure carries out the rotten recovery of fish again, the feasible dehydration of reclaiming the fish gruel of long immersion becomes very difficult together, can influence the product phase of whole fish gruel, and cause the fish gruel to be gone bad easily;
2. different drainings adopts same approach to reclaim, and lacks specific aim, and the fish gruel that causes reclaiming is measured lower;
3. because the impurity that mixes in the forward operation draining is more many, fish is rotten more thick, the impurity that mixes in the operation draining after leaning on more less, the fish gruel is more thin, the mixing of draining is reclaimed and is caused the fish gruel in the operation draining of back to be polluted by front operation draining, thereby so that the impurity fish gruels many, this part recovery that mix in the gruel of recovery fish can be polluted again the fish gruel in the rinsing process after returning rinsing process, affect the quality of rinsing;
4. owing to reclaim that various impurity mix in the waste water that the fish gruel discharges afterwards, and the rotten amount of the fish of reclaiming is lower, causes that contained solid content is more in the waste water, wastewater treatment pressure is big.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of segmentation in time to reclaim each operation draining, adopt the rotten recovery of different fishes, draining treatment process for different drainings, and with the rotten multistage recovery of the fish in the draining, thereby the method for the rotten yield of fish in the processing of raising frozen minced fillets.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of process of improving minced fillet yield in frozen minced fillet processing, the processing of frozen minced fillets comprises washes fish, adopts meat, pre-spray, rinsing, spray, smartly filters, dewaters, cuts and mix operation, it is characterized in that: in described pre-spray, rinsing, spray, the dehydration four road manufacturing procedures at least the draining of twice adopt respectively the method for Separation of Solid and Liquid to reclaim the fish gruel, isolated solid enters this road, inferior road or later process; The method that isolated liquid carries out a Separation of Solid and Liquid again reclaims the fish gruel, and the fish gruel of collection is exported separately as finished product.
In the process of frozen minced fillets; pre-spray, rinsing, spray, dehydration four road manufacturing procedures have a large amount of drainings and produce; recovery to this part row's water fish gruel is to improve the key that frozen minced fillets is produced the rotten yield of whole fish; but the impurities difference is big in the draining of this four procedure, quality that fish is rotten is also different; in time the draining of above-mentioned four procedures is reclaimed respectively targetedly; can improve the yield of fish gruel; and avoid mutual pollution between the different drainings, guarantee to reclaim the quality of fish gruel.Reclaim the fish gruel in the draining, adopt common solid-liquid separating method to realize, relatively more commonly used have centrifugal process, filtration method, filter press technique etc.Wherein:
When adopting the fish gruel in the filtration method collection draining, can utilize mesh screen with trap drainage, utilize press water to wash away mesh screen in the time of filtration, mesh screen filters interceptor and exports respectively through the liquid of mesh screen.Press water washes away two effects of playing: the one, and the dredging sieve aperture prevents that mesh screen from filtering the rotten sieve aperture that stops up of macrura reevesii, the 2nd, further clean the fish gruel that mesh screen leaches, fish gruel and grease etc. are further separated, the fish gruel of recovery is cleaner like this.The fish gruel of reclaiming is decided on whiteness and impurity content, can select to return in this road, inferior road or the rear road frozen minced fillets manufacturing procedure.
Further, consider at pre-spray, the fish gruel that contains in the draining of rinsing process is thicker, soak time is short, the rotten whiteness of spray operation row water fish is higher, the impurity that the gruel of dehydration procedure row water fish contains is less, therefore when the rotten recovery of the fish that above-mentioned operation draining is set mesh screen aperture, can be according to the rotten content of fish, degrees of expansion, need select different sizes for use, improve the rotten yield that reclaims of fish, generally, to pre-spray, rinsing, when fish gruel recovery was carried out in the draining of spray and dehydration procedure, the mesh screen aperture of using in the later process was little than the mesh screen aperture of using in the preceding working procedure.
Further again, mesh screen can be arranged to by motor-driven rotation net screen drum, thereby improve the efficient that mesh screen filters the fish gruel, the rotating speed of mesh screen tube is comparatively suitable with 10~30 rev/mins.
When adopting the fish gruel in the filter press technique collection draining, can utilize filter press to realize, its operation principle is that filter medium is sent in draining, as filter cloth, utilize the gravity of draining self earlier, slough a part of free water by filter cloth, the material of holding back on the filter cloth forms filter cake gradually, utilize the extruding of press filtration part such as pressure roller then, shear filter cake, thereby reach the purpose of sloughing most of free water and part capillary water in the material.
When adopting the fish gruel in the centrifugal process collection draining, make draining centrifugal rotation in the drum ladle of horizontally set, heavier solid is deposited to and forms sediment, separately output on the container inner wall in the feed liquid, and liquid forms the internal layer pendular ring in container, overflowed by container one end.Adopting centrifugal process to collect the fish gruel can utilize horizontal screw centrifuge to realize, its course of work is: the post-rotary drum (cone-element) of driven by motor horizontally set and be installed in one heart conveying spiral differential speed rotation in the same way in the rotary drum, discharging feed liquid sends in the rotary drum from the central feed tube of rotary drum small end continuously, under the effect of centrifugal force, form a ring-shaped pool in the rotary drum, heavier solid centrifugal sedimentation is to drum inner wall, form sediment, because the relative motion of conveying helical blade and rotary drum, solid continuously is pushed into rotary drum cone end by the conveying spiral and is discharged by discharge gate there, liquid forms the internal layer pendular ring, overflow continuously rotary drum by the big end overfall of rotary drum, discharge through leakage fluid dram, thereby finish Separation of Solid and Liquid.
The liquid of discharging after the fish gruel is reclaimed respectively in draining for every procedure, can adopt again the method for a Separation of Solid and Liquid to reclaim the fish gruel to this part liquid, but this part reclaims the product of fish gruel mutually not as the fish that directly obtains in processing fish gruel rotten and that reclaim for the first time, if directly it is sent back in the manufacturing procedure, can affect the integral body product phase of final surimi product, therefore this part fish gruel can be used as finished product and exports separately, is used for the processing of low-end market, such as fried food processing etc.
Further, consider and contain more grease and watery blood in the draining in pre-spray and the rinsing process, therefore can carry out earlier the water-oil separating operation to the draining of these two operations, described water-oil separating is to utilize the rotten proportion of oil and fish to separate, and the precipitation fish gruel of the grease on top layer and lower floor is collected respectively, recycled.The precipitation fish of lower floor is rotten through after the rotten recovery process recovery of fish, still contain certain grease, so the fish gruel of this part recovery generally enters rinsing process again.
Again further, consider that the rotten whiteness of the fish of reclaiming is better, impurity content is less from spray and dehydration procedure draining, can directly send into after the recovery in smart filter or dehydration grade road or the rotten manufacturing procedure of rear road fish.
Again further, after advancing again the method recovery fish gruel of a Separation of Solid and Liquid, the draining that produces can be via recycling after the wastewater treatment operation, be used for cleaning the fish body that passes through pre-treatment, removed fish head, internal organ and fish scale, also can be used for the rear cleaning equipment of the rotten processing of fish and processing place, realize the recycling of industrial water, reduce the water consumption.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. in time the draining of each production process is processed respectively, greatly reduced the soak time that reclaims the fish gruel, can effectively prevent the expansion, rotten of fish gruel, the rotten product of the fish of recovery are on very good terms;
2. adopt diverse ways to reclaim for the draining of different operations, further improved the yield of fish gruel, thereby improved the rotten yield of whole fish in the frozen minced fillets processing;
3. the fish gruel in the different operation drainings of the multistage recovery of segmentation, the fish gruel that the fish gruel of again one-level being reclaimed is transported in the suitable frozen minced fillets manufacturing procedure, secondary recovery obtains is then reclaimed separately, is used for the processing of low side surimi product, thereby avoids the quality of the whole fish gruel of the rotten mutually mixed influence of fish of the different qualities that reclaim in different operations, the different number of times;
4. be provided with oil-water separation tank and in time collect most of grease, be convenient to grease re-using, alleviated water treatment pressure; Waste water quality after the processing is clean, can return to wash to be used for cleaning the raw material fish in the fish operation, realizes the recycling of industrial water, effectively reduces the water consumption.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the rotten process schematic representation that reclaims of fish in the existing frozen minced fillets processing
Fig. 2 is the rotten a kind of selection process schematic diagram that reclaims of fish in the frozen minced fillets processing of the present invention
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the method that reclaims the fish gruel in original frozen minced fillets processing, the rotten draining of producing each stage of fish is all collected and is mixed, because the rotten proportion of fish is heavier thereby heavy the filter in the lower layer of water of draining that accumulator tank is contained, collect fish gruel, the elimination moisture content of accumulator tank lower floor, and send the fish gruel of reclaiming back to rinsing process, remaining profit discharges after wastewater treatment.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as the rotten recovery method of a kind of preferred fish in the frozen minced fillets processing of the present invention, at first, the rotten recovery of fish has been carried out respectively in the draining of pre-spray, rinsing, spray, four manufacturing procedures of dehydration, and before the rotten recovery of fish is carried out in pre-spray, rinsing process draining, carried out water-oil separating, and the profit part is collected separately, can further be recycled; The fish gruel of reclaiming in pre-spray, the rinsing process draining is sent into rinsing process and is continued processing, the fish gruel of reclaiming in spray, the dehydration procedure draining is sent into respectively in time procedure and is processed, if whiteness and the quality of fish gruel are higher, also can send in the later process such as smart filter, dehydration and process.On this basis, again the gruel of secondary fish is carried out in the draining in the rotten recovery process of fish and reclaimed, the fish gruel of recovery is collected separately, exported, and is last, the fish body of the draining after the gruel of secondary fish is reclaimed after being used for washing fish operation cleaning pre-treatment after the wastewater treatment.
Below be different fingerlings, the correction data of the rotten yield of final fish that the process that adopts conventional method and employing the present invention to reclaim the fish gruel obtains:
1. Lizardfiss: be a kind of small fish, the fish body is very little, generally is to carry out production and processing after manually decaptitating.The rinsing process draining carried out independent water-oil separating, fish are rotten collects, control is improved the dehydration property of fish gruel and yield have a significant impact, the rotten yield of the fish of this fingerling generally refers to the ratio of the fish gruel that obtains and the weight of the fish body of decaptitating:
Adopt traditional approach to reclaim the fish gruel, the rotten processing of fish yield is 43%~53%;
After the process that adopts the present invention to improve the rotten yield of fish reclaimed, the highest yield can reach 60%.
2. bighead: be the bigger fresh-water fishes of a kind of build, the fish head is big, and the meat exquisiteness nose heavely accounts for about 25% of whole fish, and the rotten yield of the fish of this fingerling generally is meant the fish gruel of acquisition and the ratio of the weight of whole fish:
After adopting traditional approach to reclaim the fish gruel, the rotten processing of fish yield is 20%~25%;
After the process that adopts the present invention to reclaim the fish gruel reclaimed, yield reached 25%~30%.
3. hairtail is a kind of seawater fish as the frozen minced fillets raw materials for production commonly used, and fish is little, and it is low to account for fish body ratio, and the rotten yield of the fish of this fingerling generally is meant the fish gruel of acquisition and the ratio of the weight of the fish body of decaptitating:
If as raw material, adopt traditional approach to reclaim the fish gruel with repeatedly freezing hairtail, the rotten production yield of fish is 56%; After the process that adopts the present invention to reclaim the fish gruel reclaimed, yield was 60%.
If process with fresh raw material hairtail, after the process that adopts the present invention to reclaim the fish gruel reclaimed, yield can reach 70%.