CN101610926B - 用于车辆空气悬架的调平系统 - Google Patents

用于车辆空气悬架的调平系统 Download PDF

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CN101610926B
CN101610926B CN200680056718.6A CN200680056718A CN101610926B CN 101610926 B CN101610926 B CN 101610926B CN 200680056718 A CN200680056718 A CN 200680056718A CN 101610926 B CN101610926 B CN 101610926B
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air
height
vehicle
control valve
bellow
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CN101610926A (zh
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约翰·彼得·拜尔曼三世
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Volvo Trucks North America Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/0152—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit
    • B60G17/0155—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit pneumatic unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/017—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by their use when the vehicle is stationary, e.g. during loading, engine start-up or switch-off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/50—Pressure
    • B60G2400/51—Pressure in suspension unit
    • B60G2400/512—Pressure in suspension unit in spring
    • B60G2400/5122—Fluid spring
    • B60G2400/51222—Pneumatic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/60—Load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2500/00—Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
    • B60G2500/20—Spring action or springs
    • B60G2500/204—Pressure regulating valves for air-springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2500/00—Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
    • B60G2500/30—Height or ground clearance

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于具有设计载荷不平衡的车辆的使车辆前端空气弹簧悬架保持水平的系统，包括安装在车辆的较高载荷侧上且控制通向车辆悬架的空气弹簧的压缩空气的高度控制阀。减压阀被置于用来供给较低载荷侧上的空气弹簧的管道内，该减压阀设定为降低输送到第二空气弹簧的空气的压力。

Description

用于车辆空气悬架的调平系统
技术领域
本发明涉及用于具有由高度控制阀控制的空气弹簧的这种类型车辆的空气悬架。更具体，本发明涉及一种用于具有已知载荷不平衡的车辆的车辆空气悬架的调平系统，该调平系统能够使车辆从一边到另一边自动保持水平。
背景技术
在一些车辆中，边对边的载荷故意不平衡，例如，当驾驶员存在时车辆的左前侧或驾驶员侧将不平衡。另外，驾驶员侧具有转向柱和转向机构、仪表板，且可能包括其他部件，例如助力转向泵和电池。在这样的车辆内的悬架能够设计为通过提供例如更硬的弹簧来适应不平衡。然而，这可能导致驾驶员和乘员的乘坐不舒适。在空气悬架中，能够通过控制空气弹簧内的空气压力来适应边对边的不平衡。
高度控制阀用于通过控制空气压力来控制空气弹簧的高度，且用于通过向空气弹簧供给空气来使车辆的两侧保持在同一高度。典型地，使用两个高度控制阀，在车辆的每一侧上各有一个，以独立控制每一侧上的空气弹簧内的空气压力。然而，高度控制阀是昂贵且相对低可靠性的零件。难以调整每一侧上的高度控制阀来保持相同的高度。另外，使用两个高度控制阀增加了悬架系统的复杂性，从而要求另外的部件和空气管线。
结果，如图1和2所示，一些空气悬架系统使用单个高度控制阀10来维持车架12的装载高度和水平。车架12通过空气弹簧16、18支承在车轴14上。然而，这样的系统易遇到边对边的高度不平衡的难题。因为高度控制阀对它所安装到的车辆侧的载荷条件作出反应，所以相对侧接收相同的空气压力。当车辆每一侧上的载荷L相同时，如图所示，空气弹簧16、18内的相等的空气压力(通过压力表32、34指示)导致车架12的水平的高度。然而，因为空气弹簧上的载荷可能在相对侧上不同(且在设计不平衡的情况中，通常是不同的)，所以在车辆相对侧上的空气弹簧可能设定为不同的高度。这本身意味着例如在使用此类型的带有单个高度控制阀的空气悬架的倾斜底盘中，如图2所示，其中载荷L1大于载荷L2，且相等的空气压力导致图左侧上的空气弹簧16处于比图右侧上的在较大载荷L1下的空气弹簧18更高的高度。
为了修正由控制不平衡载荷的单个高度控制阀导致的倾斜，可以在位于带有较高载荷L 1的侧上的空气弹簧18下方加入一个或多个间隔件22，以适应不相等的载荷。这在图3中示出。
虽然间隔件能够修正由于不相等的载荷以及空气弹簧内相等的空气压力所导致的倾斜底盘，但它的使用有缺点。间隔件难以调整且不总是给出可预测的结果。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中的这些缺点，本发明提出一种用于在具有已知不平衡的卡车的前空气弹簧中维持底盘水平的新系统。
根据本发明的系统结合减压阀来使用单个高度控制阀。减压阀(PRV)置于用来供给相对侧空气弹簧的空气管线内，以降低通向底盘的具有较低载荷的侧上的空气弹簧的压力。减压阀可以永久预设为处理固定的重量偏差。替代地，减压阀可以是可调的，以允许调节车辆状态。
附图说明
图1示意性示出使用单个高度控制阀来控制车辆两侧上的空气弹簧的空气悬架；
图2示出在载荷不平衡期间的图1的空气悬架，该载荷不平衡在悬架的一侧上引起较大载荷；
图3示出使用单个高度控制阀的空气悬架，其中间隔件置于较高载荷侧上，以提供空气弹簧内的均匀压力的效果；和
图4示意性示出根据本发明的空气悬架。
具体实施方式
在图4中示出用于具有设计载荷不平衡的车辆前端的空气悬架。该空气悬架包括由布置在车轴14的相对端上的空气弹簧16、18支承在车轴14上的车架12。单个高度控制阀10安装在车架12的左侧或驾驶员侧(在图中为右侧)，并且对车辆此侧的高度变化作出反应。加压空气源(未示出)连接到高度控制阀，该加压空气源可以方便地是车辆的空气存储器。高度控制阀10通过空气管线24连接，该空气管线24具有连接到空气弹簧18的第一支路26。当高度控制阀10感测到车架12的此侧低于正常位置时，它将使空气弹簧18中的空气压力增加。
高度控制阀10也通过空气管线第二支路28连接到车桥14的相对端上的空气弹簧16。减压阀30置于第二支路28中。减压阀30降低供给到空气弹簧16的空气的压力，以避免如图2所示的过压情况。因此，在与高度控制阀10相对的侧上的空气弹簧16接收比在高度控制阀相同侧上的空气弹簧18压力更低的空气。结果，尽管在高度控制阀侧上有不平衡的载荷，车架12也能够保持水平。如由压力表表示32、34所指示的，空气弹簧16、18内的压力不同，以适应边对边的不同载荷。
车辆前空气悬架内的载荷不平衡由安装在一侧上的部件中的已知元素和驾驶员重量方面的可预测元素组成。减压阀30可以永久设定为用于降低压力，例如20psi。替代地，减压阀30可以是可调的，以允许悬架的微调。合适的减压阀包括可从邦迪克斯商用车系统(BendixCommercial Vehicle Systems)获得的RV-1阀。
已根据优选实施例和部件描述了本发明，然而，本领域普通技术人员将认识到，在不偏离如所附权利要求限定的本发明的范围的情况下，可以进行等同物的替换。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于使车辆前端空气弹簧悬架保持水平的系统，包括：
高度控制阀，该高度控制阀具有连接部以从压缩空气源接收压缩空气，并具有输出口以向车辆悬架的空气弹簧供给压缩空气；
管道，该管道连接到所述高度控制阀的输出口，并且可连接到所述车辆的相对侧上的空气弹簧的输入口，所述管道具有第一支路以连接到第一空气弹簧，并具有第二支路以连接到第二空气弹簧；和
减压阀，该减压阀置于所述第二支路中，且设定为降低输送到所述第二空气弹簧的空气的压力，其中通过所述第一支路输送的空气处于由所述高度控制阀供给的压力下，而通过所述第二支路输送的空气处于由所述减压阀降低的压力下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述减压阀是可调的。
3.一种带有调平系统的车辆前端空气悬架，包括：
车架，该车架在所述前端的第一侧上存在载荷不平衡；
布置在所述车架每一侧上的至少一个空气弹簧；
高度控制阀，该高度控制阀具有连接部以从压缩空气源接收压缩空气，并具有输出口，所述高度控制阀安装在所述前端的第一侧上；
管道，该管道连接到所述高度控制阀的输出口，并连接到所述车辆每一侧上的所述至少一个空气弹簧的输入口，所述管道具有第一支路以连接到所述前端的第一侧上的第一空气弹簧，并具有第二支路以连接到所述前端的第二侧上的第二空气弹簧；和
减压阀，该减压阀置于所述第二支路中，且设定为降低输送到所述第二空气弹簧的空气的压力，而不影响输送到所述第一空气弹簧的空气的压力。
4.根据权利要求3所述的带有调平系统的车辆前端空气悬架，其中所述减压阀是可调的。
CN200680056718.6A 2006-12-21 2006-12-21 用于车辆空气悬架的调平系统 Expired - Fee Related CN101610926B (zh)

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PCT/US2006/049053 WO2008076123A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2006-12-21 Leveling system for a vehicle air suspension

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US7942432B2 (en) 2011-05-17
US20100052272A1 (en) 2010-03-04
CN101610926A (zh) 2009-12-23
BRPI0622217B1 (pt) 2019-10-29
BRPI0622217A2 (pt) 2012-01-03
WO2008076123A1 (en) 2008-06-26

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