CN101610047B - Wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell waste heat utilizing device - Google Patents
Wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell waste heat utilizing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101610047B CN101610047B CN2008100315010A CN200810031501A CN101610047B CN 101610047 B CN101610047 B CN 101610047B CN 2008100315010 A CN2008100315010 A CN 2008100315010A CN 200810031501 A CN200810031501 A CN 200810031501A CN 101610047 B CN101610047 B CN 101610047B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell waste heat utilizing device, which is characterized in that the device comprises thermoelectric modules, a cooling device and a battery or load, wherein the high-temperature ends of the thermoelectric modules are closely fixed on the outer wall of an electrolytic cell, and the low-temperature ends are connected with the cooling device; the cooling device takes high-pressure cold air generated by an air blower as a cold source and uses an air tube and a plurality of nozzles to spray the high-pressure cold air to heat tube radiating devices at the cold ends of the thermoelectric modules, the flow of the high-pressure cold air is adjustable, and the dissipated heat by the thermoelectric modules can be adjusted by adjusting the high-pressure cold air, so that the temperature of the outer part of the electrolytic cell can be controlled; the voltage leading-out ends of the thermoelectric modules are connected with the battery or load; and the thermoelectric modules are in series, parallel or series-parallel connection with each other. By adopting the device, the energy consumption in the aluminum electrolyzing process is reduced, and the energy utilization in aluminum electrolysis is improved by 0.5 to 5 percent; moreover, because a thermal balance control system of the aluminum electrolyzing cell is added in the device, the original aluminum electrolyzing process is not affected when the heat energy is utilized to generate the electric energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell used heat use device.
Background technology
China's electrolysis production metallic aluminium process, adopt the prebaked anode aluminum electrolyzation technology mostly, electrolysis temperature is about 950 ℃, the average power utilance of aluminium cell is about 48%, about 300 ℃ of aluminium cell side wall temperatures, about 90 ℃ of bottom land temperature, the about 150 ℃ temperature of groove top discharge duct, there is energy over half to be dispersed in the environment, causes huge energy waste, and environment is caused thermal pollution with the form of used heat.And because the used heat utilization distributes to the temperature field of electrolysis tank itself and the energy balance of keeping the electrolysis production process can cause the influence of complexity, even can make electrolytic process normally not carry out, therefore, the relevant report of the utilization of still unmatchful aluminium cell used heat up to the present.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved of the present invention provides a kind of wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell used heat use device, this device utilizes used heat to produce electric energy keeping on the thermally equilibrated basis of electrolysis tank, promptly at first satisfy the aluminum electrolysis process process to thermally equilibrated requirement in the aluminium cell, utilize its used heat that distributes to transform and then.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell used heat use device, it is characterized in that, comprise cooling device and the battery or the load of electrothermal module, the output of control heat energy, the temperature end of this electrothermal module is close to and is fixed on the electrolysis tank outer wall, low temperature termination cooling device, the voltage leading-out ends of described electrothermal module connects battery or load; Described cooling device comprises the heat pipe heat radiation device of the low-temperature end that is arranged on described electrothermal module; Air blast; Connect the blast pipe of air blast, the nozzle of this event airduct is installed in the heat pipe heat radiation device over against the position; Be fixed on the temperature sensor of aluminium cell outer wall; Controller, the input of this controller connects the output of described temperature sensor.
This controller adopts PID, fuzzy control or ANN Control strategy, the combination of perhaps above-mentioned various control strategy, and above-mentioned control strategy is determined according to size, grooved and the process conditions of electrolysis tank.The output of this controller connects the rotating speed control end of described air blast, is used to control the flow of cooling air.Cooling device of the present invention has the function of control aluminium cell outside wall temperature
As improvement, described electrothermal module is a plurality of, interconnects with serial or parallel connection or series connection and the mode that combines in parallel.
According to the concrete condition of aluminium cell Temperature Distribution, the temperature end working temperature that is installed on the electrothermal module of electrolysis tank sidepiece is preferably 200～500 ℃, and the temperature end working temperature that is installed on the electrothermal module of bottom of electrolytic tank is preferably 50～150 ℃.
Electrothermal module temperature end and low-temperature end are preferably kept 60～100 ℃ temperature difference.
As improvement, be in series with constant-current stabilizer or constant-current stabilizer between described electrothermal module and battery or the load.
The beneficial effect that the present invention had has:
The present invention can reduce the energy resource consumption of aluminium electrolysis process by the utilization to electrolysis tank used heat, can improve aluminium electroloysis capacity usage ratio 0.5～5%, because electrolytic aluminium is the highly energy-consuming process, therefore can reduce energy resource consumption, and its meaning is particularly great.Thermally equilibrated requirement under the normal operating conditions of aluminium cell is not considered in more existing used heat utilizations, and used heat utilizes in the process, can produce complicated influence to electrolysis tank, and normal production process can't be carried out.The present invention has taken into full account the aluminium cell working temperature, the requirement of thermal equilibrium condition, with electrothermal module and cooling device combination dexterously, introduced aluminium cell thermal equilibrium control system, help the electrolytic tank electrolysis temperature controlling, especially sidepiece, the control of bottom temp, thus the thickness of control stove group forms type in the regular burner hearth, effectively improve the useful life of aluminium cell, can not produce any harmful effect original aluminium electrolysis process in the process of utilizing heat energy to produce electric energy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a general structure block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the thermoelectric unit schematic diagram; (1-thermal conductive ceramic, the 2-conductive copper sheet is formed)
Fig. 3 is the electrothermal module schematic diagram; (3-thermoelectric unit)
Fig. 4 is the concrete structure figure (4-electrothermal module, 6-temperature sensor, 7-aluminium cell) of embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the automatic control schematic diagram of the cooling device of embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 6 is an electrothermal module air cooling equipment schematic diagram of the present invention.(8-heat pipe heat radiation device, 9-blast pipe, 10-air blast, 11-nozzle)
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention rather than limitation of the invention further.
General structure block diagram of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, this device comprises electrothermal module, cooling device, voltage stabilizing or constant-current stabilizer and battery or load; The low-temperature end of electrothermal module (being cold junction) connects cooling device, electrothermal module temperature end (being the hot junction) is fixed on the aluminium cell outer wall, and heat energy is converted into electric energy to electrothermal module and its voltage leading-out ends is exported electric energy by described voltage stabilizing or constant-current stabilizer to battery or load.
The operation principle of electrothermal module: every electrothermal module (thermoelectric material) as shown in Figure 3, form to a hundreds of thermoelectric unit 3 by tens, thermoelectric unit as shown in Figure 2, wherein two ends respectively are provided with thermal conductive ceramic 1 and conductive copper sheet 2 up and down, each thermoelectric unit is made up of a p N-type semiconductor N and a n N-type semiconductor N, cold junction (upper end of Fig. 2) connects low-temperature space, hot junction (lower end of Fig. 2) connects the high-temperature region, cold junction p N-type semiconductor N is connected by conductor with the n N-type semiconductor N, the hot junction connects external circuit, when there are the temperature difference in hot junction and cold junction, the p in hot junction then, n semiconductor external lead wire is outwards exported electric energy.Because voltage is lower, need to improve its output voltage by series connection.Employed electrothermal module restrains thermoelectric Electronics Co., Ltd. by the Xiamen nanometer and produces, and model is TEP1-12656-0.6, or the product that adopts Earthquake of Anyang station in Henan city ether Science ﹠ Technology Center to produce, and model is TECI-03180T125.
The aluminium cell that China adopts at present mostly is prebaked cell for aluminum-reduction, since anode electrolytic cell, electrolyte, all there is resistance in negative electrodes etc., in electrolytic process, big electric current by the time produce huge heat, adopt the bottom insulation, the mode of top exhausting heat radiation, keep the heat balance of whole electrolysis tank, its normal electrolysis temperature is about 950 ℃, and the bottom land temperature is 70～110 ℃, the groove sidepiece is 200～400 ℃, with environment the bigger temperature difference is arranged.
Use the temperature end working temperature and be the temperature-difference power generation module about 400 ℃, adopt bonding or screw is fixed in the electrolysis tank sidepiece, the temperature end working temperature is that the temperature-difference power generation module about 100 ℃ is fixed in bottom of electrolytic tank in the same way.Spacing between the electrothermal module is 0.5～3cm, fills with heat-insulating materials such as foamed cements.
The voltage that electrothermal module sends is
V=S* (T
High-T
Low)
Wherein, * is for taking advantage of religious name, and S is the conversion coefficient (being the Seebeck coefficient) of electrothermal module, T
HighAnd T
LowBe respectively the temperature of electrothermal module temperature end, low-temperature end.
Electrolysis tank by the electrothermal module distribute heat is
Q
Put=c*m* (T
High-T
Low)
Wherein, c is the specific heat of medium, and m is the quality of the heat-conducting medium that flows through, from following formula as can be known, regulates the flow of the heat-conducting medium that flows through, i.e. the heat that sheds of scalable, thus keep electrolyzer temperature in the scope of being controlled.
Embodiment 1:
At a 240kA prebaked cell for aluminum-reduction:
Groove sidepiece area+trench bottom area is 2.11*10
6Mm
2, every thermoelectric generation module: 40*40*4mm
3, when hot junction and cold junction were kept 60～100 ℃ temperature difference, the output voltage of electrothermal module was 4～6V, electric current is 3～5A.
On average to utilize 70% of bottom land groove lateral area, 2.11*10 is installed
6* 70%/1600=9.23*10
2(sheet), application temperature end working temperature is the temperature-difference power generation module (electrothermal module) about 400 ℃, adopt bonding or screw is fixed in the electrolysis tank sidepiece, the temperature end working temperature is that the temperature-difference power generation module (electrothermal module) about 100 ℃ is fixed in bottom of electrolytic tank in the same way.Spacing between the electrothermal module is 0.5～3cm, fills with heat-insulating materials such as foamed cements.
Electrothermal module low side temperature is adjustable, low-temperature end is cooled off with air-cooling device, keep certain temperature: the heat pipe heat radiation device 8 that city's field energy is buied is installed on the low-temperature end, and installation air blast 10 and the blast pipe 9 that is connected air blast, at the nozzle 11 of each heat pipe heat radiation device 8, keep the temperature of low-temperature end over against position installation blast pipe 9.Fixed temperature sensor 6 between the temperature end of electrolysis tank outer surface and electrothermal module (bottom and sidepiece at aluminium cell all are provided with temperature sensor), use automatic temperature control apparatus, by regulating the rotating speed of air blast 10, adjusting blows to the air mass flow of electrothermal module cold junction, thereby regulate the heat of taking away, on the basis of assurance aluminium cell heat balance heat energy is converted into electric energy.Form automatic control system by temperature sensor, heat pipe heat radiation device, air blast, blast pipe and controller, the heat dissipation capacity of control aluminium cell, (temperature of promptly controlling the aluminium cell sidewall is 200～400 ℃ within the specific limits to keep the cell surface temperature, the temperature of control aluminium cell sidewall is 70～110 ℃), thus satisfy the normal temperature requirement of aluminium electroloysis.Present embodiment is according to the difference of temperature measuring value and set point, realizes control automatically based on the PID control rule strategy of determining, its automatic control process schematic diagram as shown in Figure 5, adjuster wherein can be the speed setting unit of air blast, as frequency converter etc.
The electrothermal module that adopts is 40*40*4～60*60*9mm
3, when hot junction and cold junction were kept 60～100 ℃ temperature difference, the output voltage of electrothermal module was 4～6V, electric current is 3～5A.
The electrothermal module series connection improves its output voltage to specified requirement, and parallel way reaches required direct current current range.
If the output current of electrothermal module is used for the 240kA electrolysis tank, then adopt 1000 electrothermal module parallel connections, provide stable DC by existing aluminium cell constant-current stabilizer to electrolysis tank.
Another kind of output electric energy mode is: output voltage is boosted or step-down through commercially available alternating current-direct current inverter circuit, obtain stable output voltage, be stored in Ni-H secondary cell or other secondary cell.
Claims (6)
1. wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell used heat use device, it is characterized in that, comprise cooling device and the battery or the load of electrothermal module, the output of control heat energy, the temperature end of this electrothermal module is close to and is fixed on the electrolysis tank outer wall, low temperature termination cooling device, the voltage leading-out ends of described electrothermal module connects battery or load; Described cooling device comprises the heat pipe heat radiation device of the low-temperature end that is arranged on described electrothermal module; Air blast; Connect the blast pipe of air blast, the nozzle of this blast pipe is installed in the heat pipe heat radiation device over against the position; Be fixed on the temperature sensor of aluminium cell outer wall; Controller, the input of this controller connects the output of described temperature sensor, and the output of this controller connects the rotating speed control end of described air blast.
2. wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell used heat use device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described electrothermal module is a plurality of, interconnects with serial or parallel connection or series connection and the mode that combines in parallel.
3. wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell used heat use device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the temperature end working temperature of the electrothermal module of electrolysis tank sidepiece is 200～500 ℃, and the temperature end working temperature of the electrothermal module of bottom of electrolytic tank is 50～150 ℃.
4. wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell used heat use device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that electrothermal module temperature end and low-temperature end are kept 60～100 ℃ temperature difference.
5. wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell used heat use device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, controller is PID controller, fuzzy controller or nerve network controller, the controller of perhaps comprehensive PID control strategy, fuzzy control strategy and ANN Control strategy.
6. as each described wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell used heat use device of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that, be in series with stable-pressure device or constant-current stabilizer between described electrothermal module and battery or the load.
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| CN2008100315010A CN101610047B (en) | 2008-06-16 | 2008-06-16 | Wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell waste heat utilizing device |
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| CN2008100315010A CN101610047B (en) | 2008-06-16 | 2008-06-16 | Wind cooling type aluminum electrolytic cell waste heat utilizing device |
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| CN101610047B true CN101610047B (en) | 2011-04-20 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101962786B (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-12-14 | 河南中孚实业股份有限公司 | Control method for blowing-free heat dissipating window after starting large aluminum electrolysis cell |
| CN103853214B (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2016-04-27 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | A kind of electronic equipment of control temperature and method |
| CN105420757B (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2018-06-08 | 云南云铝涌鑫铝业有限公司 | For the heat sink of pre-baking tank |
| CN111197172A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2020-05-26 | 北京爱索能源科技股份有限公司 | Automatic air blowing cooling device for aluminum electrolysis cell bottom |
| CN111042886A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-04-21 | 深圳大学 | Power generation system for recovering waste heat of electrolytic cell |
| CN111042887A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-04-21 | 深圳大学 | Power generation system for recovering waste heat of electrolytic cell |
| CN111057844B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-10-27 | 中南大学 | Roasted pellet cooling machine for laboratory and application method thereof |
| CN111396164A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-07-10 | 深圳大学 | System and method for recycling waste heat of side wall of electrolytic aluminum cell |
| CN113432439B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-09-06 | 东北大学 | Cooling method for aluminum electrolysis cell after stopping operation |
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2008
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Patent Citations (6)
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| US4222841A (en) * | 1979-04-23 | 1980-09-16 | Alumax Inc. | Hall cell |
| CN1434881A (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2003-08-06 | 埃尔凯姆公司 | Electrolytic cell for production of aluminium and a method for maintaining crust on sidewall and for recovering electricty |
| CN1777704A (en) * | 2003-03-17 | 2006-05-24 | 诺尔斯海德公司 | Electrolytic tank and structural elements to be used therein |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Address after: Taoyuan County in Hunan province Changde city 415700 disk town Chuangyuan Industrial Park Patentee after: Hunan Shengtong Technology Group Co., Ltd. Address before: 410205 Hunan province Changsha City National High Tech Development Zone, Lu Tin Road No. 2 Patentee before: Hunan Shengtong Technology Group Co., Ltd. |
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