CN101609994B - Balanced charging device and balanced charging method - Google Patents
Balanced charging device and balanced charging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101609994B CN101609994B CN200810067916.3A CN200810067916A CN101609994B CN 101609994 B CN101609994 B CN 101609994B CN 200810067916 A CN200810067916 A CN 200810067916A CN 101609994 B CN101609994 B CN 101609994B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
Balanced charging device provided by the invention comprises controller, multiple discharge and recharge branch road and voltage conversion device, described controller is for gathering the actual voltage value of each cell in battery pack, described actual voltage value and given voltage range are compared to determine unbalanced single battery, the discharge and recharge branch road controlling successively to be connected with each unbalanced single battery closes, and control described voltage conversion device charge or discharge are carried out to described unbalanced single battery, make unbalanced single battery reach balanced.Balanced charging method comprises and carries out voltage sample to obtain the actual voltage value of each cell to each cell in series battery; Actual voltage value and given voltage range are compared to determine unbalanced single battery; Carry out charge or discharge successively to unbalanced single battery to make it to reach balanced, adopt balanced charging device provided by the invention and method to solve the unbalanced problem of series battery charge, effectively improve the serviceability of battery pack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to charging device, particularly relate to a kind of balanced charging device for series battery and balanced charging method.
Background technology
Rechargeable power battery is widely used in each electronic product, especially in electric automobile because of its good utilance.For electric automobile, be provided with the battery pack as supply unit be connected in series by multiple cell.Because the process conditions of rechargeable power battery self limit, between each joint cell, there is voltage differences.After repeatedly charge and discharge cycle, voltage differences between cell can be increasing, in charging process, easily cause series battery charge unbalanced, the available capacity of series battery is reduced, affect the serviceability of battery pack, this is also the problem that can not be ignored for electric automobile.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve that series battery charge is unbalanced causes the problem that battery pack available capacity is little, serviceability is poor, providing a kind of novel, simple and effectively for the balanced charging device of series battery.
Another object of the present invention is to solve the unbalanced problem that battery pack available capacity is little, serviceability is poor caused of battery cell voltage, provides a kind of method making the unbalanced single battery not reaching given voltage range minimum value in battery pack reach balanced.
Another object of the present invention is to solve the unbalanced problem that battery pack available capacity is little, serviceability is poor caused of battery cell voltage, provides a kind of method making the unbalanced single battery exceeding given voltage range maximum in battery pack reach balanced.
Balanced charging device for series battery provided by the invention comprises this balanced charging device and comprises controller, multiple discharge and recharge branch road and voltage conversion device, described controller is for gathering the actual voltage value of each cell in battery pack, described actual voltage value and given voltage range are compared to determine unbalanced single battery, the discharge and recharge branch road controlling successively to be connected with each unbalanced single battery closes, and control described voltage conversion device charge or discharge are carried out to described unbalanced single battery, make unbalanced single battery reach balanced.
Balanced charging method for series battery provided by the invention comprises and carries out voltage sample to obtain the actual voltage value of each cell to each cell in series battery; Described actual voltage value and given voltage range are compared determine that actual voltage value is greater than the unbalanced single battery of given voltage range maximum; And closed discharge and recharge branch switch corresponding to described unbalanced single battery discharges successively to described unbalanced single battery, until stop electric discharge when the actual voltage value of described unbalanced single battery is in given voltage range.
Balanced charging method for series battery provided by the invention also comprises and carries out voltage sample to obtain the actual voltage value of each cell to each cell in series battery; Described actual voltage value and given voltage range are compared determine that actual voltage value is greater than the unbalanced single battery of given voltage range maximum; And closed discharge and recharge branch switch corresponding to described unbalanced single battery discharges successively to described unbalanced single battery, until stop electric discharge when the actual voltage value of described unbalanced single battery is in given voltage range.
Adopt the balanced charging device for series battery provided by the invention and charging method, first a given voltage range is set, the actual voltage value of each cell is obtained by voltage sample, then the cell of actual voltage value lower than given voltage range minimum value is charged, until its actual voltage value reaches given voltage range stop charging again, and the cell of actual voltage value greater than or equal to given magnitude of voltage is not charged, the cell of actual voltage value higher than given voltage range maximum is discharged, until its actual voltage value reaches given voltage range stop electric discharge again, the magnitude of voltage of all unbalanced single battery in series battery all reaches given magnitude of voltage.The present inventor also considers to adopt the cell of electric energy to undercharge provided by series battery itself to charge, and does not therefore need by external power source, saves the energy, also fully achieve the electric voltage equalization of series battery.Adopt the balanced charging device for series battery provided by the invention and charging method to solve the unbalanced problem of series battery charge, fully achieve the electric voltage equalization of series battery, effectively improve the serviceability of battery pack.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the balanced charging device for series battery that Fig. 1 provides for an embodiment of the present invention;
The structural representation of the controller of the balanced charging device for series battery that Fig. 2 provides for an embodiment of the present invention;
The flow chart of the balanced charging method for series battery that Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 provides for an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The balanced charging device for series battery provided the embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and balanced charging method are described in further detail.
The structural representation of the balanced charging device for series battery that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the balanced charging device for series battery that the embodiment of the present invention provides comprises controller 4, multiple discharge and recharge branch road and voltage conversion device 3, each discharge and recharge branch road is used for respectively to each cell charge or discharge in series battery, described controller 4 is for gathering the actual voltage value of each cell, described actual voltage value and given voltage range are compared to determine unbalanced single battery, the discharge and recharge branch road controlled successively each unbalanced single battery is electrically connected closes, and control described voltage conversion device charge or discharge are carried out to each unbalanced single battery, unbalanced single battery is made to reach balanced.
As shown in Figure 1, described balanced charging device also comprises multiple gate-controlled switch 2, each gate-controlled switch 2 lays respectively in each discharge and recharge branch road, described controller 4 has multiple output, each output is connected with the control end of each gate-controlled switch 2 respectively, and described controller 4 is closed by control gate-controlled switch 2 or disconnected and controls the closed of discharge and recharge branch road or disconnect.
Described gate-controlled switch 2 has the switch element of control end for any one, and its opening and closing can be controlled by the signal of telecommunication, such as diode, triode or relay.Described gate-controlled switch 2 do not receive control that controller 4 sends its closed or disconnect control signal time be in normally open.
As shown in Figure 1, series battery is connected in series by more piece cell, often saves cell positive and negative end and all connects a charging paths, then the number of charging paths more than the number of cell 1.The input of described controller 4 is connected with each cell, for gathering the actual voltage value of each cell.Connect a gate-controlled switch 2 in each charging paths, the control signal exported by receiving controller 4 controls its closed or disconnection.
Described balanced charging device also comprises voltage conversion device 3, the input of this voltage conversion device 3 is for inputting rechargeable electrical energy, output is connected with multiple charging paths, rechargeable electrical energy can be provided by whole battery pack, this voltage conversion device 3 for inputted rechargeable electrical energy being converted to the voltage in the cell range of nominal tension, and exports to unbalanced single battery by discharge and recharge branch road; Described rechargeable electrical energy also can be provided by cell, and the rechargeable electrical energy that cell inputs is exported to whole battery pack by described voltage conversion device 3.
Direct voltage can be converted to the two-way DC/DC transducer of the direct voltage in required scope for any one by described voltage conversion device 3.
Described controller 4 for gathering the magnitude of voltage of each cell in series battery, and for controlling each discharge and recharge branch road or gate-controlled switch 2.As shown in Figure 2, under preferable case, described controller 4 comprises level signal collecting unit, voltage comparison unit and control unit.
Described level signal collecting unit, for gathering the level signal at each cell two ends, obtains the actual voltage value of each cell according to level signal, and described actual voltage value is sent to voltage comparison unit.Operator can arrange arbitrarily voltage sample order under each cell carries out the prerequisite of voltage sample in guarantee is to series battery.Under preferable case, voltage sample order is set as from the first segment cell be connected in series, carry out voltage sample until final section cell to each joint cell successively.
Described voltage comparison unit is used for the actual voltage value of each cell and given voltage range to compare.Be preset with given voltage range in described voltage comparison unit, the actual voltage value of each cell collected and given voltage range compare by described voltage comparison unit, and comparative result is sent to control unit.Described given voltage range can be pre-set in voltage comparison unit by operator, according to the characteristic of battery, battery pack is difficult to reach each cell and is identical magnitude of voltage when reaching equilibrium, when the magnitude of voltage of cells all in battery pack is all in a voltage range, namely think that battery pack reaches balanced.
The discharge and recharge branch road that described control unit is used for controlling successively each unbalanced single battery is charged according to the comparative result of voltage comparison unit closes, and the discharge and recharge branch road controlled when the actual voltage value of unbalanced single battery is in given voltage range this unbalanced single battery is charged disconnects.
When using gate-controlled switch 2, control unit controls to close the gate-controlled switch 2 in the discharge and recharge branch road be electrically connected with each unbalanced single battery successively, and the gate-controlled switch 2 controlled when the actual voltage value of unbalanced single battery reaches in given voltage range in the discharge and recharge branch road be electrically connected with this unbalanced single battery disconnects.
Under the prerequisite ensureing the gate-controlled switch 2 that closed each unbalanced single battery two ends are connected, can arrange the order that described control unit controls gate-controlled switch 2 closed in a program.Under preferable case, the order controlling gate-controlled switch 2 closed is set as: by the actual voltage value order gate-controlled switch 2 that closed unbalanced battery two ends are connected successively from low to high.
Described controller 4 is can carry out voltage sample according to the instruction of program to each cell in series battery 1 arbitrarily, and controls the controller of the opening and closing of gate-controlled switch 2 according to the instruction of program, such as, can be PLC or single-chip microcomputer.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the balanced charging method for series battery provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 3, controller 4 performs the program of each cell in series battery being carried out to voltage sample, from the first segment cell be connected in series, sample until final section cell to the level signal at each cell two ends successively; The level signal at each the joint cell two ends then obtained according to sampling obtains the actual voltage value of each cell, and the actual voltage value of each cell and the given voltage range preset are compared, the unbalanced single battery of given voltage range minimum value is not reached according to comparative result determination actual voltage value.A pair gate-controlled switch 2 that controller 4 controls to be connected with each unbalanced single battery successively closes, electric energy thus for charging to cell is incorporated in unbalanced single battery by closed gate-controlled switch 2 after changing via voltage conversion device 3, charges to unbalanced single battery.When collecting the actual voltage value after unbalanced single battery charging and reaching in given voltage range, be preferably the median in given range, a pair gate-controlled switch 2 that this balanced cell connects disconnects by controller 4, stops the charging to this cell.Controller 4 stops charging to the balanced cell that actual voltage value after charging reaches given voltage range one by one, when no longer including actual voltage value and not reaching the unbalanced single battery of given voltage range, charging complete, the actual voltage value of each cell now in series battery reaches the given voltage range preset, and achieves equalizing charge.Described rechargeable electrical energy can derive from external power source, also battery pack can be derived from, when described controller detects the unbalanced battery not reaching given voltage range minimum value, the switch that controller controls whole battery pack both sides closes, whole battery pack is discharged to voltage conversion device, and then close the switch at unbalanced single battery two ends successively, and when the actual voltage value of each cell in series battery reaches the given voltage range preset, charging complete.
As shown in Figure 4, controller 4 performs the program of each cell in series battery being carried out to voltage sample, from the first segment cell be connected in series, sample until final section cell to the level signal at each cell two ends successively; The level signal at each the joint cell two ends then obtained according to sampling obtains the actual voltage value of each cell, and the actual voltage value of each cell and the given voltage range preset are compared, the unbalanced single battery of given voltage range maximum is exceeded according to comparative result determination actual voltage value.A pair gate-controlled switch 2 that controller 4 controls to be connected with each unbalanced single battery successively closes, and the electric energy thus for discharging to cell is incorporated in whole battery pack by closed gate-controlled switch 2 after changing via voltage conversion device 3.When collecting the actual voltage value after unbalanced single battery electric discharge and reaching given voltage range, be preferably the median of given voltage range, a pair gate-controlled switch 2 that this balanced cell connects disconnects by controller 4, stops the electric discharge to this cell.Controller 4 stops electric discharge to the balanced cell that actual voltage value after electric discharge reaches given voltage range one by one, when no longer including actual voltage value and not exceeding the unbalanced single battery of given voltage range, electric discharge completes, the actual voltage value of each cell now in series battery reaches the given voltage range preset, and achieves equalizing charge.Electric energy after electric discharge can charge to whole battery pack by voltage conversion device again, namely control battery pack both sides gate-controlled switch by controller to close, to whole batteries charging until work as the unbalanced single battery no longer including actual voltage value and do not exceed given voltage range.
Citing below describes above-mentioned control method in detail, suppose that the scope of setting voltage is 2.8V ~ 3.8V, equilibrium state is reached when the cell voltage in battery pack is within the scope of this, when in controller detection battery pack, monomer battery voltage is 2.7V, namely when monomer battery voltage is less than given voltage range minimum value, this cell is unbalanced single battery, a pair gate-controlled switch that controller controls to be connected with this unbalanced single battery closes, the rechargeable electrical energy charged to cell is incorporated in unbalanced single battery by closed gate-controlled switch after changing via voltage conversion device, unbalanced single battery is charged, when collecting the actual voltage value after unbalanced single battery charging and reaching given voltage range values, be preferably the median 3.3V of given range, a pair gate-controlled switch that this balanced cell connects by controller 4 disconnects, stop the charging to this cell, controller detects all the other monomer battery voltages, same operation is carried out when not reaching given voltage range minimum value, whole battery pack can be derived to the rechargeable electrical energy of cell charging, think that when controller detects that in battery pack, monomer battery voltage is given range marginal value 2.8V or 3.8V this battery reaches equilibrium state, when detecting that in battery pack, monomer battery voltage is 3.9V, namely when monomer battery voltage is greater than given voltage range maximum, this cell is unbalanced single battery, a pair gate-controlled switch that controller controls to be connected with this unbalanced single battery closes, electric energy thus for discharging to cell is incorporated in whole battery pack by closed gate-controlled switch 2 after changing via voltage conversion device 3, when collecting the actual voltage value after the electric discharge of this unbalanced single battery and reaching given voltage range, when being preferably the median 3.3V of given voltage range, a pair gate-controlled switch 2 that this balanced cell connects disconnects by controller 4, stop the electric discharge to this cell.
More usually used as the cell quantity in the series battery of electric car power supply device, therefore the total voltage of series battery is higher, and the sampling time is longer, that the actual voltage value of all cells and given magnitude of voltage are compared the spent time is longer for controller 4 thus.In order to ensure sampling safety and improve sampling efficiency, under preferable case, charge or discharge can be carried out to the cell in series battery by group.Can by the cell of series connection by specified quantity grouping, when detect in certain group have cell not reach given voltage range minimum value time, controller controls this unbalanced single battery place battery pack or other battery pack is discharged to voltage conversion device, and controller control voltage conversion equipment is to unbalanced single battery charging until reach given voltage range; When detect in certain group have cell to exceed given voltage range maximum time, controller controls this unbalanced single battery and discharges to voltage conversion device, controller again control voltage conversion equipment to this unbalanced place battery pack or other batteries charging, until unbalanced single battery reaches equilibrium.
Claims (8)
1. the balanced charging device for series battery, it is characterized in that: this balanced charging device comprises controller, multiple discharge and recharge branch road and voltage conversion device, described controller is for gathering the actual voltage value of each cell in battery pack, described actual voltage value and given voltage range are compared to determine unbalanced single battery, the discharge and recharge branch road controlling successively to be connected with each unbalanced single battery closes, and control described voltage conversion device charge or discharge are carried out to described unbalanced single battery, unbalanced single battery is made to reach balanced.
2. balanced charging device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described controller comprises level signal collecting unit, voltage comparison unit and control unit:
Described level signal collecting unit, for gathering the level signal at each cell two ends, obtains the actual voltage value of each cell according to level signal, and described actual voltage value is sent to voltage comparison unit;
Described voltage comparison unit is used for the actual voltage value of each cell and given magnitude of voltage to compare to determine unbalanced single battery;
Described control unit is used for controlling successively to close each unbalanced single battery discharge and recharge branch road according to the comparative result of voltage comparison unit, and the discharge and recharge branch road controlled when the actual voltage value of unbalanced single battery reaches given voltage range this unbalanced single battery is charged disconnects.
3. balanced charging device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described balanced charging device also comprises multiple gate-controlled switch, each gate-controlled switch lays respectively in each discharge and recharge branch road, described controller has multiple output, each output is connected with the control end of each gate-controlled switch respectively, and described controller is closed by control gate-controlled switch or disconnected and controls the closed of discharge and recharge branch road or disconnect.
4. balanced charging device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described voltage conversion device is bi-directional DC-DC.
5. for a balanced charging method for series battery, it is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
Voltage sample is carried out to obtain the actual voltage value of each cell to each cell in series battery;
Described actual voltage value and given voltage range are compared determine that actual voltage value is less than the minimum value of given voltage range for unbalanced single battery; And
Closed discharge and recharge branch switch corresponding to described unbalanced single battery charges successively to described unbalanced single battery, until stop charging when the actual voltage value of described unbalanced single battery is in given voltage range;
Described actual voltage value and given voltage range are compared determine that actual voltage value is greater than the unbalanced single battery of given voltage range maximum; And
Closed discharge and recharge branch switch corresponding to described unbalanced single battery discharges successively to described unbalanced single battery, until stop electric discharge when the actual voltage value of described unbalanced single battery is in given voltage range.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the method comprises level signal acquisition step, voltage compare step and rate-determining steps:
Described level signal acquisition step, for gathering the level signal at each cell two ends, obtains the actual voltage value of each cell according to level signal;
Described voltage compare step is used for the actual voltage value of each cell obtained in described level signal acquisition step and given voltage range to compare;
Described rate-determining steps is used for controlling each unbalanced single battery charge or discharge successively according to the comparative result of described voltage compare step, and when the actual voltage value of each unbalanced single battery is in the scope of given magnitude of voltage, stop these cell charge or discharge.
7. the method according to claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that: when the actual voltage value of described unbalanced single battery reaches the median of given voltage range, stops these battery charge or discharge.
8. the method according to claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that: the method also comprises voltage transitions step,
Control whole battery pack by controller to discharge to voltage conversion device, described voltage conversion device charges to described each unbalanced single battery again, or
Control described each unbalanced single battery by controller to discharge to voltage conversion device, described voltage conversion device is again to described batteries charging.
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| CN200810067916.3A CN101609994B (en) | 2008-06-17 | 2008-06-17 | Balanced charging device and balanced charging method |
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| CN200810067916.3A CN101609994B (en) | 2008-06-17 | 2008-06-17 | Balanced charging device and balanced charging method |
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| CN101609994B true CN101609994B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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| CN109435777B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2021-02-23 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery equalization system, vehicle, battery equalization method, and storage medium |
| CN107757411A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-06 | 刘永红 | A kind of electric automobile with detachable battery pack |
| CN111769336B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2021-07-02 | 深圳市瑞能实业股份有限公司 | Avoidance system and method for short plate effect of battery pack |
| CN110911765B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-20 | 北京交通大学 | Battery equalization strategy verification platform |
| CN113119759A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-16 | 观致汽车有限公司 | Charging strategy of electric vehicle, computer readable storage medium and vehicle |
| CN111245060A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-05 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | Battery pack parallel operation charging and discharging control system and method based on controllable one-way conduction circuit |
| CN113809416B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-04-07 | 福建星云电子股份有限公司 | Method and system for rapidly repairing battery |
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