CN101609419A - The data back up method and the device of the migration of virtual machine consistently online - Google Patents
The data back up method and the device of the migration of virtual machine consistently online Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of data back up method and device of virtual machine consistently online migration, this method comprises: the operation according to the host virtual machine example is upgraded operation to virutal machine memory data on the main host and the data block in the virtual disk image file in the network memory, and the virutal machine memory data after will upgrading send to the backup host; Operation suspension host virtual machine example, lock by the state of lock operation, obtain the lightweight snapshot of virtual disk image file data block in the virtual disk image file, and the host virtual machine example that resumes operation, wherein, the virtual disk image file is used to back up host and carries out rolling back action.By above-mentioned processing, only need take few storage space according to the lightweight snapshot of the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention does not need to transmit lot of data in addition, can create the lightweight snapshot fast, improves the performance of virtual machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the online migrating technology of virtual machine field, relate in particular to a kind of data back up method of virtual machine consistently online migration, main host, backup host and virtual machine consistently online migratory system.
Background technology
In the prior art, virtual machine is to make up a virtualization layer on computer operating system, can provide good encapsulation, isolation, the transparency and manageability for application program.The migration of virtual machine is meant that operating operation system example can shift between different physical hosts, and in transition process operating system and on the application of operation can continuous service with service and be not interrupted.Operating personnel need not the details of numerous application programs of moving in the relational operation system, are very easy to bookkeeping.At present, virtual machine (vm) migration is divided into two kinds, is respectively general migration and online migration, and wherein, online migration is meant under the prerequisite of the application program operation that encapsulates in the maintenance virtual machine, simultaneously system is moved the hardware platform of switching virtual machine operation.By the online migrate attribute of virtual machine, can reduce of the influence of bottom hardware fault to virtual environment.This makes virtual machine progressively become the important tool that makes up high-availability system.
At present, the high-availability system based on virtual machine technique mainly comprises following several:
(1) consistently online based on diskcopy moves: this mode has further expanded the mode of online migration, consider when fault takes place, the state of virtual machine need be rolled back to a consistance version a little earlier, and network memory (Network Attached Storage; Hereinafter to be referred as: the virtual disk image file NAS) can't be with the internal storage state rollback of virtual machine, and this mode has proposed a kind of lasting migration scheme based on diskcopy.In this scheme, main host and backup host have independently virtual disk image file separately; When virtual machine when the virtual disk image file writes data, the disk driver of virtual machine is when writing data virtual disk image file itself, with data by Network Synchronization be sent to the backup host, and after once online migration is finished, the Disk State increments of change that is produced during with this online migration by the backup host writes the virtual disk image file of backup host, thereby guarantee that when the generation hardware fault caused the virtual machine rollback, the virutal machine memory state on the backup host and the state of virtual disk image file satisfied consistance.But because the virtual disk image file is long-pending bigger, to the having relatively high expectations of the network bandwidth, and the transmission time is longer during transmission.
(2) consistently online based on snapshot (Snapshot) moves: existing snapshot mechanism can be created one or more snapshots in the virtual disk image file of virtual machine.At a time for after the virtual disk image file establishment snapshot, Disk State before this moment (promptly, the state of data block in the virtual disk image file) will be retained, follow-up disk write operation can not cause losing of this moment Disk State before.And the virtual machine disk is returned to a certain snapshot, then expression uses the Disk State of preserving in this historical snapshot to replace existing Disk State, thereby data in magnetic disk is rolled back to the historical juncture of snapshot representative.This scheme has promptly been utilized the snapshot mechanism of virtual disk, after finishing an online migration of virtual machine, for virtual disk is created a snapshot; When main host breaks down when causing backing up host rollback virtual machine state, virtual disk is synchronously rolled back to the state of corresponding snapshot correspondence.Because consistently online migration requires in the time interval of short (several seconds or tens of millisecond) continuously state transition with virtual machine to backup virtual machine, this just requires can create in the short period of time, delete snapshot, and when breaking down, in the time of need on the backup host, starting backup virtual machine, need in the short period of time disk to be reverted to snapshot state a little earlier.Yet, because existing snapping technique is owing to need to follow the tracks of the number of times of quoting of each block, the time of therefore establishment, deletion and recovery snapshot is longer, and, creating fast note constantly causes the volume of virtual disk image file to continue increase, for the long playing computer system of needs, its space expense is difficult to meet the demands.
(3) consistently online based on incident moves: in this scheme, if trigger backup in the time of can taking place at accessing operation to virtual machine state to disk, and after finishing, backup carries out accessing operation again to disk, then can guarantee when virtual machine breaks down rollback, identical disk operating meeting playback in an identical manner, and obtain consistent result, thereby solve the consistency problem in the consistently online transition process.The problem of this scheme is the accessing operation of disk very frequent, and therefore, this mode can trigger the backup operation of virtual machine with higher frequency, and causes virtual machine to interrupt to be backed up finishing such as normal execution, and is therefore bigger to the virtual machine Effect on Performance.
As mentioned above, the consistently online migrating technology is to utilize virtual machine to make up one of core technology of high-availability system, and guarantees virtual machine to break down and after the rollback, the consistance of virtual machine disk and internal storage state then is the basis of realizing that consistently online moves.At present, keep the conforming technology of virtual machine Disk State not perfect, still have problems: 1, need the virtual disk data of transmission of large capacity based on the consistently online migration mechanism of diskcopy, bigger to network bandwidth influence, and transmission speed is slower; 2, need consume a large amount of time and storage space when establishment, deletion, the rollback disk snapshot based on the consistently online migration mechanism of snapshot; 3, the consistently online migration mechanism based on incident can block the visit of virtual machine to disk unit, and is bigger to the performance impact of virtual machine.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of data back up method and device of virtual machine consistently online migration, in order to solve the defective that disk snapshot in the prior art need take a large amount of storage spaces, be implemented in and use the lightweight snapshot that takies less storage space in the virtual machine consistently online transition process.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of data back up method of virtual machine consistently online migration, comprise: the operation according to the host virtual machine example is upgraded operation to virutal machine memory data on the main host and the data block in the virtual disk image file in the network memory, and the virutal machine memory data after will upgrading send to the backup host; Operation suspension host virtual machine example, lock by the state of lock operation, obtain the lightweight snapshot of virtual disk image file data block in the virtual disk image file, and the host virtual machine example that resumes operation, wherein, the virtual disk image file is used to back up host and carries out rolling back action.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of main host, comprising: update module is used for according to the operation of host virtual machine example the data block in the virtual disk image file of virutal machine memory data and network memory being upgraded operation; Sending module is used for the virutal machine memory data after upgrading are sent to the backup host; Locking module, be used for operation suspension host virtual machine example, lock by the state of lock operation data block in the virtual disk image file, obtain the lightweight snapshot of virtual disk image file, and the host virtual machine example that resumes operation, wherein, the virtual disk image file is used to back up host and carries out rolling back action.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of backup host, comprising: preserve module, be used to preserve the virutal machine memory data that main host sends; Roll-back module is used under the situation that the host virtual machine example can not continue to move, and by rolling back action the virtual disk image file is returned to and preserves the state of the virutal machine memory data consistent of module preservation according to the lightweight snapshot; The operation module is used for according to virtual disk image file after the rollback and virutal machine memory data run backup virtual machine example.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of virtual machine consistently online migratory system, comprises main host in network memory, the foregoing description and the backup host in the foregoing description.
The data back up method and the device of the virtual machine consistently online migration of the embodiment of the invention, state by data block in the lock operation locking virtual disk image file, obtain the lightweight snapshot of virtual disk image file, because this lightweight snapshot only need take very little storage space, can avoid the waste of storage space, in addition, according to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention a large amount of virtual disk image file data of needs transmission not, and can create the lightweight snapshot fast, greatly improve the performance of virtual machine.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to do one to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below introduces simply, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of data back up method of the virtual machine consistently online migration of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the virtual disk of the embodiment of the invention is asked image file;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the state exchange of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is two signaling process figure that confirm operation of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram that the main host of the embodiment of the invention carries out the detailed process of consistently online migration;
Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram that the backup host of the embodiment of the invention carries out the detailed process of consistently online migration;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the main host of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the backup host of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the virtual machine consistently online migratory system of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Further specify the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
According to embodiments of the invention, a kind of data back up method of virtual machine consistently online migration is provided, Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of data back up method of the virtual machine consistently online migration of the embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, the data back up method according to the migration of the virtual machine consistently online of the embodiment of the invention may further comprise the steps:
Particularly, in the process of host virtual machine example operation, main host can upgrade operation to the data block of virutal machine memory data in the main host internal memory and the virtual disk image file in the network memory according to the operation of host virtual machine example; For fear of when unexpected hardware fault takes place, virtual machine can not be moved to non-fault machine in time and be continued operation, host virtual machine can be initiated online migration to the backup host constantly, for example, host virtual machine is initiated once online migration every the schedule time to the backup host, after initiating online migration, virutal machine memory data after upgrading are sent to the backup host, to guarantee that virtual machine can be in the process of operation, running status with self is saved in the backup host continuously, makes the backup host preserve virtual machine state a little earlier.
Need to prove that in the virtual disk image file, the data of disk are unit composition data piece with specific size; Virtual machine can be reduced to visit to the data block that comprises this address date to the visit of the data that comprise in a certain physical address of disk.In addition, include the mapping table of numbering virtual disk image file offset address by data block in the virtual disk image file.In embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, in the virtual disk image file except preserving metadata and data block, the lightweight snapshot can also be preserved two mapping tables in the virtual disk image file: current mapping table and snapshot mapping table, wherein, current mapping table is used to identify disk under current state and snapshot state, the position of data block in the virtual disk image file; The snapshot mapping table is used to identify disk under snapshot state, the position of data block in the virtual disk image file.
In embodiments of the present invention, also define the state of data block, comprised following four kinds of states:
Unallocated state: be not the data block allocations storage space as yet in the virtual disk image file;
Distributed read-write state: be data block memory allocated space in the virtual disk image file, and allowed this data block is carried out read-write operation;
Distributed a read states: be data block memory allocated space in the virtual disk image file, but forbidden writing data to this storage space;
Distributed state to be recycled; Be data block memory allocated space in the virtual disk image file, but this data block is updated, when creating the lightweight snapshot, this data block will be recovered next time.
In the lightweight snapshot, any one data block can only be in the wherein a kind of state in above-mentioned four kinds of states.For the data block that is in unallocated state, can in current mapping table, use and corresponding virtual disk image file offset address is designated unappropriated mode the state of data block is identified, for example, with corresponding virtual disk image file offset address sign " 0 "; For being in the data block of distributing read-write state, having distributed a read states or having distributed state to be recycled, can use bitmap that the state of this data block is identified.
In step 101, the renewal operation that the data block in the right virtual disk image file of main host is carried out specifically comprises:
1, read operation: according to data block numbering read block data;
2, write operation: write data to given data block numbering;
3, batch operation: according to data block numbering distribute data piece in the virtual disk image file;
4, releasing operation: discharge given data block occupation space in the virtual disk image file.
Particularly, when carrying out read operation, need to carry out following the processing: 1, the data block of data block is numbered and be mapped as virtual disk image file offset address according to current mapping table; 2, be at the state of determining this data block and distribute read-write state, distribute a read states or distributed under the situation of state to be recycled, read the data block of designated length and return according to virtual disk image file offset address; 3, be under the situation of unallocated state at the specified data bulk state, do not operate, directly return.
When carrying out write operation, need to carry out following the processing: 1, the data block of data block is numbered and be mapped as virtual disk image file offset address according to current mapping table; 2, be under the situation of unallocated state at the state of determining this data block, carry out batch operation, write data according to virtual disk image file offset address then and return; 3, be under the situation of distributing read-write state at the state of determining this data block, directly write data and return according to virtual disk image file offset address; 4, be under the situation of distributing a read states at the state of determining this data block, new data block is carried out batch operation, with the status modifier of former data block for distributing state to be recycled, 5, the virtual disk image file offset address that distributes according to batch operation writes data and return.
As above, when carrying out write operation, might need to carry out batch operation, carrying out batch operation needs following the processing: determine that 1, minimum unallocated continuation address is an address space to be allocated; 2, with the status modifier of the data block in the address space to be allocated for distributing read-write state; 3, obtain the virtual disk image file offset address of address space to be allocated; 4, use the virtual disk image file offset address of address space to be allocated to upgrade current mapping table; 5, the virtual disk image file offset address that returns address space to be allocated is given write operation.
When carrying out releasing operation, need to carry out following the processing: it is unallocated 1, will needing the status modifier of the data block that discharges; 2, the station location marker of data block in current mapping table that will need to discharge is unallocated, and for example, the station location marker of data block in current mapping table that needs are discharged is " 0 ".
As from the foregoing, in step 101, main host also can upgrade the current mapping table of data block numbering under the preservation current state with virtual disk image file offset address corresponding relation when the data block in the virtual disk image file in the network memory being upgraded operation synchronously.
Particularly, when the online migration of main host reaches a predetermined critical point, main host needs operation suspension host virtual machine example, lock by the state of lock operation data block in the virtual disk image file, obtain the lightweight snapshot of this virtual disk image file, wherein, above-mentioned virtual disk image file is used to back up host and carries out rolling back action; After obtaining the lightweight snapshot, main host just can recover the operation of host virtual machine example.
State by data block in the lock operation locking virtual disk image file, obtain the lightweight snapshot of virtual disk image file, because this lightweight snapshot only need take very little storage space, can avoid the waste of storage space, in addition, according to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention a large amount of virtual disk image file data of needs transmission not, and can create the lightweight snapshot fast, greatly improve the performance of virtual machine.
As mentioned above, lock operation can be created the lightweight snapshot for the virtual disk image file, when carrying out lock operation, comprise following processing: 1, for being in the data block of distributing read-write state in the current mapping table, with the status modifier of this data block for distributing a read states; 2, for being in the data block of distributing state to be recycled in the current mapping table, this data block is carried out releasing operation; 3, use current mapping table to cover the snapshot mapping table, wherein, above-mentioned snapshot mapping table is used to represent that disk data block under snapshot state is numbered and the corresponding relation of virtual disk image file offset address.
In addition, in step 102, behind the lightweight snapshot that obtains this virtual disk image file, main host can be kept at this lightweight snapshot in the virtual disk image file, also the lightweight snapshot can be kept in the internal memory of main host, if the lightweight snapshot is kept in the internal memory of main host, main host need send to standby host with this lightweight snapshot as the part of virutal machine memory data by network.Because the speed of read/write data is much larger than the speed of read/write data from disk from internal memory, the lightweight snapshot is kept in the internal memory of main host, can reduce read/write operation, thereby shorten the running time, can in the shorter time, carry out online migration disk.
After step 102, under the situation that the host virtual machine example can not continue to move, the backup host returns to the virtual disk image file and back up the state of the virutal machine memory data consistent of host preservation by rolling back action according to this lightweight snapshot; Subsequently, the backup host just can be according to virtual disk image file after the rollback and virutal machine memory data run backup virtual machine example.
Wherein, rolling back action can return to the virtual disk image file state when setting up the lightweight snapshot, when the execution rolling back action comprises, comprise following processing: 1,, this data block is carried out releasing operation for being in the data block of distributing read-write state in the current mapping table; 2, for being in the data block of distributing state to be recycled in the current mapping table, with this data block status modifier for distributing a read states; 3, use the snapshot mapping table to cover current mapping table.
Below, the conversion of each operation to the data bulk state is elaborated.Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the state exchange of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 3, if data block is in unallocated state, after the execution batch operation, the state transformation of data block is for distributing read-write state; If the data block of distributing read-write state is conducted the locking operations, the state transformation of this data block is for distributing a read states; If the data block of distributing a read states is carried out write operation, then the state transformation of former data block is for distributing state to be recycled, and the state transformation of new data block is for distributing read-write state; If the data block of distributing state to be recycled is carried out lock operation and releasing operation, the state transformation of this data block is unallocated state; If carry out rolling back action to being in the data block of distributing state to be recycled, then the state exchange of this data block is for distributing a read states; If carry out rolling back action to being in the data of distributing read-write state, the state exchange of this data block is unallocated state.The data block of distributing read-write state is carried out the read/write operation attitude of will remaining stationary; The data block of distributing a read states is carried out the read operation attitude of also will remaining stationary.
Continuing based on virtual machine in the high-availability system of migration, needing to guarantee state consistency between disk internal state consistance and disk and internal memory.Wherein, network memory internal state consistance is meant at any time, be in conforming state between each data block that comprises in the virtual disk image file, thereby make normally data in the reading disk and can not read and write mistake of the operating system of virtual disk driver and virtual machine and application program; State consistency is meant that the data that copy in the virutal machine memory data that virtual machine had and the data block of disk from the virtual disk image file on the backup host are consistent in time between disk and internal memory, that is, the final modification time of the data that copy in final time of revising of virutal machine memory data and the data block of disk from the virtual disk image file is identical.
In embodiments of the present invention, the lightweight snapshot can be realized " lock operation " and " rolling back action " for network memory, when finishing once online migration, can " lock " in the network memory state of data block in the virtual disk image file, guarantee that subsequent write operation can not influence the historic state of data block in the virtual disk image file, the consistance of promptly protecting the disk internal state; When virtual machine breaks down when needing rollback, the state of data block in the virtual disk image file in can " rollback " network memory, abandon and the inconsistent modification of virutal machine memory data, the data block in the virtual disk image file is rolled back to one and the corresponding to version of virutal machine memory data.Can guarantee the consistance of state between disk and internal memory.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention can also further guarantee the consistance of state between disk and internal memory by two affirmation mechanisms.Main host can obtain to back up the affirmation of host to the virutal machine memory data after being saved on the backup host by online migration mechanism the virutal machine memory data; Main host can obtain disk snapshot and confirm after disk is carried out the operation of lightweight snapshot creation.Have only after main host obtains two affirmations, can recover the virtual machine operation, thereby guarantee the consistance of state between disk and internal memory.Fig. 4 is two signaling process figure that confirm operation of the embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 4, comprises following processing:
By above-mentioned processing, can guarantee the consistance of state between disk and internal memory.Those skilled in the art can understand, when realizing the above-mentioned processing procedure of the embodiment of the invention, main host also can receive only Memory Backup and confirm or receive only the lightweight snapshot to set up affirmation, another is confirmed that main host can be given tacit consent to and receives, can reach the conforming purpose that guarantees state between disk and internal memory equally.
Below, from the angle of main host and backup host, processing procedure shown in Figure 1 is carried out complete explanation respectively.Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram that the main host of the embodiment of the invention carries out the detailed process of consistently online migration, as shown in Figure 5, comprises following processing:
Step 504 when the online migration of main host arrives predetermined critical point, is suspended the operation of host virtual machine example;
By above-mentioned processing, main host can be created the lightweight snapshot for the virtual disk image file by the lock operation that the lightweight snapshot provides, and guarantees that subsequent write operation can not influence the historic state of virtual disk image file.
Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram that the backup host of the embodiment of the invention carries out the detailed process of online migration, as shown in Figure 6, comprises following processing:
By above-mentioned processing, when virtual machine breaks down rollback, can abandon virtual disk image file and the inconsistent modification of virutal machine memory state by rolling back action, the virtual disk image file is rolled back to one and the corresponding to version of internal storage state, make that virtual machine can be at backup host relaying reforwarding row.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a kind of main host is provided, Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the main host of the embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 7, main host according to the embodiment of the invention comprises: update module 70, sending module 72 and locking module 74, below, the main host according to the embodiment of the invention is described in detail.
Particularly, in the process of host virtual machine example operation, update module 70 is upgraded operation according to the operation of host virtual machine example to the data block in the virtual disk image file in virutal machine memory data and the network memory.
Need to prove that in the virtual disk image file, the data of disk are unit composition data piece with specific size; Virtual machine can be reduced to visit to the data block that comprises this address date to the visit of the data that comprise in a certain physical address of disk.In addition, in embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, except preserving metadata and data block, the lightweight snapshot can also be preserved two mapping tables in the virtual disk image file in the virtual disk image file.
In embodiments of the present invention, also defined the state of data block, comprised following four kinds of states: unallocated state, distribute read-write state, distribute a read states, distribute state to be recycled.In the lightweight snapshot, any one data block can only be in the wherein a kind of state in above-mentioned four kinds of states.For the data block that is in unallocated state, can in current mapping table, use and corresponding virtual disk image file offset address is designated unappropriated mode the state of data block is identified, for example, with corresponding virtual disk image file offset address sign " 0 "; For being in the data block of distributing read-write state, having distributed a read states or having distributed state to be recycled, can use bitmap that the state of this data block is identified.
The renewal operation that data block in the virtual disk image file that update module is 70 pairs is carried out specifically comprises: 1, read operation, 2, write operation, 3, batch operation, 4, releasing operation.The concrete processing procedure that update module 70 is carried out aforesaid operations can be understood with reference to the related content in the foregoing description, repeats no more inferior.
In addition, update module 70 also can be upgraded the current mapping table of data block numbering under the preservation current state with virtual disk image file offset address corresponding relation when the data block in the virtual disk image file in the network memory being upgraded operation synchronously.
For fear of when unexpected hardware fault takes place, virtual machine can not be moved to non-fault machine in time and be continued operation, host virtual machine can be initiated online migration to the backup host constantly, for example, host virtual machine is initiated once online migration every the schedule time to the backup host, after initiating online migration, virutal machine memory data after sending module 72 will upgrade send to the backup host, to guarantee that virtual machine can be in the process of operation, running status with self is saved in the backup host continuously, makes the backup host preserve virtual machine state a little earlier.
When the online migration of main host reaches a predetermined critical point, locking module 74 needs operation suspension host virtual machine example, lock by the state of lock operation data block in the virtual disk image file, obtain the lightweight snapshot of this virtual disk image file, wherein, above-mentioned virtual disk image file is used to back up host and carries out rolling back action; After obtaining the lightweight snapshot, recover the operation of host virtual machine example.
As mentioned above, lock operation can be created the lightweight snapshot for the virtual disk image file, when carrying out lock operation, comprise following processing: 1, for being in the data block of distributing read-write state in the current mapping table, with the status modifier of this data block for distributing a read states; 2, for being in the data block of distributing state to be recycled in the current mapping table, this data block is carried out releasing operation; 3, use current mapping table to cover the snapshot mapping table.
After locking module 74 obtains the lightweight snapshot of this virtual disk image file, main host can be kept at this lightweight snapshot in the virtual disk image file, also the lightweight snapshot is kept in the internal memory of main host, if the lightweight snapshot is kept in the internal memory of main host, main host need send to standby host with this lightweight snapshot as the part of virutal machine memory data by network.Because the speed of read/write data is much larger than the speed of read/write data from disk from internal memory, the lightweight snapshot is kept in the internal memory of main host, can reduce read/write operation, thereby shorten the running time, can in the shorter time, carry out online migration disk.
By above-mentioned processing, main host can be created the lightweight snapshot for the virtual disk image file by the lock operation that the lightweight snapshot provides, and guarantees that subsequent write operation can not influence the historic state of virtual disk image file.
According to an embodiment more of the present invention, a kind of backup host is provided, Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the backup host of the embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 8, comprises according to the backup host of the embodiment of the invention: preserve module 80, roll-back module 82, operation module 84.Below, the backup host according to the embodiment of the invention is elaborated.
Particularly, the preservation module 80 of backup host is preserved the virutal machine memory data that main host sends; Under the situation that the host virtual machine example can not continue to move, the roll-back module 82 of backup host returns to the virtual disk image file and back up the state of the virutal machine memory data consistent of host preservation by rolling back action according to this lightweight snapshot; Subsequently, operation module 84 just can be according to virtual disk image file after the rollback and virutal machine memory data run backup virtual machine example.
Wherein, the rolling back action of roll-back module 82 can return to the virtual disk image file state when setting up the lightweight snapshot, when roll-back module 82 execution rolling back actions comprise, comprise following processing: 1,, this data block is carried out releasing operation for being in the data block of distributing read-write state in the current mapping table; 2, for being in the data block of distributing state to be recycled in the current mapping table, with this data block status modifier for distributing a read states; 3, use the snapshot mapping table to cover current mapping table.
By above-mentioned processing, when virtual machine breaks down rollback, the backup host can abandon virtual disk image file and the inconsistent modification of virutal machine memory state by rolling back action, the virtual disk image file is rolled back to one and the corresponding to version of internal storage state, make that virtual machine can be at backup host relaying reforwarding row.
According to an embodiment more of the present invention, a kind of virtual machine consistently online migratory system is provided, Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the virtual machine consistently online migratory system of the embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 9, virtual machine consistently online migratory system according to the embodiment of the invention comprises: main host 1, network memory 3, backup host 5, wherein, comprise in the main host 1: host virtual machine 10, it is above-mentioned host virtual machine example, all use host virtual machine 10 in the following description, main host monitor of virtual machine 12, main host operating system and hardware 14, comprise in the main host monitor of virtual machine 12: main host migration controller 120, main host lightweight snapshot drives 122, comprises in main host operating system and the hardware 14: network memory drives 140; Comprise in the backup host 5: backup virtual machine 50, it is above-mentioned backup virtual machine example, all use backup virtual machine 50, backup host monitor of virtual machine 52, backup host operating system and hardware 54 in the following description, comprise in the backup host monitor of virtual machine 52: backup host migration controller 520, backup host lightweight snapshot drives 522; Comprise in backup host operating system/hardware 54: network memory drives 540; Wherein, main host monitor of virtual machine 12 is connected with backup host monitor of virtual machine 52 by network, and the backup virtual machine 50 on the host virtual machine 10 of main host 1 and the backup host 5 is shared the virtual disk image file by network memory 3.Below, the virtual machine consistently online migratory system according to the embodiment of the invention is elaborated.
Particularly, be example at first with main host 1, the structure of host is described.Comprise internal memory and disk in the host virtual machine 10, wherein, main host migration controller 120 in internal memory and the main host monitor of virtual machine 12 links to each other, under the control of main host migration controller 120, the virutal machine memory data can be sent to backup host migration controller 520, main host lightweight snapshot drives 122 disks that are connected in the host virtual machine 10, and the virtual disk image file that drives in 140 pairs of network memories 3 by network memory carries out the lightweight snapshot, wherein, network memory drives 140 and is used for network memory 3 is driven, that is, network memory 3 is carried out read/write operation.
Below, main host 1 and the process that backup host 5 carries out the consistently online migration are elaborated.
At first, main host 1 loads the virtual disk image file of host virtual machine 10 from network memory 3 by network memory driving 140, and start host virtual machine 10, subsequently, main host 1 is determined suitable backup host 5 according to start-up parameter or predefined strategy.
Main host migration controller 120 is initiated online migration to backup host migration controller 520, after initiating online migration, virutal machine memory data after main host migration controller 120 will upgrade send to the backup host, when the online migration of main host 1 arrives predetermined critical point, main host 1 suspends the operation of host virtual machine 10,122 lock operations that provide by the lightweight snapshot are provided main host lightweight snapshot is the virtual disk image file establishment lightweight snapshot of host virtual machine 10, after setting up the lightweight snapshot, the operation that main host 1 recovers host virtual machine 10.
Main host 1 judges whether to arrive new backup point, if do not reach new backup point, then main host 1 is not done any operation, continues to keep the operation of host virtual machine 10; If reach new backup point, main host migration controller 120 is initiated online migration once more to backup host 5; If host virtual machine 10 breaks down, 1 operation that stops host virtual machine 10 of main host, and the state of cleaning host virtual machine 10.
When backup host 5 is waited for online migration, backup host 5 needs to detect the health status of the host virtual machine example on the main host 1, if host virtual machine 10 breaks down and definite host virtual machine 10 can not normally move, backup host 5 loads the virutal machine memory data that host virtual machine 10 transmits by online migration pattern, otherwise backup host 5 continues to wait for online migration.
After backup host 5 loads the virutal machine memory data of host virtual machine 10 by online migration pattern transmission, the lightweight snapshot of preserving in the 522 tool loads virtual disk image files that provide by the lightweight snapshot is provided backup host lightweight snapshot, and the rolling back action that uses the lightweight snapshot to provide the corresponding to state of virutal machine memory data that the virtual disk image file is rolled back to and preserves.
Carrying out behind the rolling back action, backup host 5 operation backup virtual machine 50, backup host 5 is as main host 1 operation, and backup virtual machine 50 backs up host migration controller 520 subsequently and initiates consistently online migration next time as host virtual machine 10 operations.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention can also further guarantee the consistance of state between disk and internal memory by two affirmation mechanisms.Main host 1 can obtain to back up the affirmation of 5 pairs of virutal machine memory data of host after being saved on the backup host 5 by online migration mechanism the virutal machine memory data; After 1 pair of disk of main host carries out the operation of lightweight snapshot creation, can obtain disk snapshot and confirm.Have only after main host 1 obtains two affirmations, can recover the virtual machine operation, thereby guarantee the consistance of state between disk and internal memory.Its detailed process can be understood with reference to Fig. 4, does not repeat them here.
In sum, main host can be created the lightweight snapshot for the virtual disk image file by the lock operation that the lightweight snapshot provides, and guarantees that subsequent write operation can not influence the historic state of virtual disk image file; When virtual machine breaks down rollback, can abandon virtual disk image file and the inconsistent modification of virutal machine memory state by rolling back action, the virtual disk image file is rolled back to one and the corresponding to version of internal storage state, make that virtual machine can be at backup host relaying reforwarding row.
And, because the embodiment of the invention has been preserved current mapping table and snapshot mapping table, make this lightweight snapshot only need take very little storage space, can not increase the space of storage snapshot along with the increase of snapshot number of times, overcome the defective that disk snapshot in the prior art need take a large amount of storage spaces.In addition, the embodiment of the invention has guaranteed that also virtual machine can be in the process of operation, and the running status with self is saved in the backup host continuously, makes the backup host can have host virtual machine coherency state a little earlier; And, by setting up continuous storage space, and the state of data in magnetic disk piece is saved in the continuous memory block for the data block of disk, can reduce read/write operation to exterior storage, shorten the time of lock operation, rolling back action.According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention a large amount of virtual disk image file data of needs transmission not, and can create the lightweight snapshot fast, greatly improve the performance of virtual machine.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be well understood to each embodiment and can realize by the mode that software adds essential general hardware platform, can certainly pass through hardware.Based on such understanding, the part that technique scheme contributes to prior art in essence in other words can embody with the form of software product, this computer software product can be stored in the computer-readable recording medium, as ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD etc., comprise that some instructions are with so that a computer equipment (can be a personal computer, server, perhaps network equipment etc.) carry out the described method of some part of each embodiment or embodiment.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of data back up method of virtual machine consistently online migration is characterized in that, comprising:
Operation according to the host virtual machine example is upgraded operation to virutal machine memory data on the main host and the data block in the virtual disk image file in the network memory, and the described virutal machine memory data after will upgrading send to described backup host;
The described host virtual machine example of operation suspension, lock by the state of lock operation data block in the described virtual disk image file, obtain the lightweight snapshot of described virtual disk image file, and the described host virtual machine example that resumes operation, wherein, described virtual disk image file is used for described backup host and carries out rolling back action.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Under the situation that described host virtual machine example can not continue to move, described backup host returns to described virtual disk image file by described rolling back action the state of the described virutal machine memory data consistent of preserving with described backup host according to described lightweight snapshot;
Described virtual disk image file and the described virutal machine memory data run backup virtual machine example of described backup host after according to rollback.
3, method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described is that described virtual disk image file is created after the lightweight snapshot, and described method also comprises:
Described lightweight snapshot is kept in the internal memory of described main host; Perhaps
Described lightweight snapshot is kept in the described virtual disk image file.
4, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that,
It is one of following that the state of described data block comprises: unallocated state, distribute read-write state, distribute a read states, distribute state to be recycled;
It is one of following that described renewal operation comprises; Read operation, write operation, batch operation, releasing operation.
5, method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, also comprises:
The current mapping table of data block numbering under the preservation current state with virtual disk image file offset address corresponding relation upgraded, wherein, for the data block that is in unallocated state, be designated corresponding virtual disk image file offset address unallocated, for being in the data block of distributing read-write state, having distributed a read states or having distributed state to be recycled, use bitmap that the state of this data block is identified.
6, method according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
Described read operation comprises: according to described current mapping table the data block of data block is numbered and be mapped as described virtual disk image file offset address; Be in described the distribution read-write state, the described distribution under a read states or the described situation of having distributed state to be recycled at the state of confirming this data block, read the data block of designated length according to described virtual disk image file offset address;
Described write operation comprises: according to described current mapping table the data block of data block is numbered and be mapped as described virtual disk image file offset address; Be under the situation of described unallocated state at the state of determining this data block, carry out described batch operation, and write data according to described virtual disk image file offset address; Be under the described situation of having distributed read-write state at the state of determining this data block, directly write data according to described virtual disk image file offset address; Be under the described situation of having distributed a read states at the state of determining this data block, new data block is carried out described batch operation, with the status modifier of former data block is the described state to be recycled that distributed, and the virtual disk image file offset address that distributes according to described batch operation writes data;
Described batch operation comprises: determine that minimum unallocated continuation address is an address space to be allocated; With the status modifier of the data block in the described address space to be allocated is the described read-write state that distributed; Obtain the virtual disk image file offset address of described address space to be allocated; Use the virtual disk image file offset address of described address space to be allocated to upgrade described current mapping table, and return the virtual disk image file offset address of described address space to be allocated;
Described releasing operation comprises: it is unallocated will needing the status modifier of the data block that discharges; With the described station location marker of data block in described current mapping table that needs to discharge is unallocated;
Described lock operation comprises: for being in described data block of having distributed read-write state in the described current mapping table, be a described read states that distributed with the status modifier of this data block; For being in described data block of having distributed state to be recycled in the described current mapping table, this data block is carried out described releasing operation; Use described current mapping table to cover the snapshot mapping table, wherein, described snapshot mapping table is used to represent that disk data block under snapshot state is numbered and the corresponding relation of virtual disk image file offset address;
Described rolling back action comprises: for being in described data block of having distributed read-write state in the described current mapping table, this data block is carried out described releasing operation; For being in described data block of having distributed state to be recycled in the described current mapping table, be a described read states that distributed with this data block status modifier; Use described snapshot mapping table to cover described current mapping table.
7, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
After the described virutal machine memory data on the described main host are sent to described backup host, receive the Memory Backup that returns and confirm; And/or
After creating described lightweight snapshot, receive the lightweight snapshot that returns and set up affirmation for described virtual disk image file.
8, a kind of main host is characterized in that, comprising:
Update module is used for according to the operation of host virtual machine example the data block in the virtual disk image file of virutal machine memory data and network memory being upgraded operation;
Sending module is used for the described virutal machine memory data after upgrading are sent to described backup host;
Locking module, be used for the described host virtual machine example of operation suspension, lock by the state of lock operation data block in the described virtual disk image file, obtain the lightweight snapshot of described virtual disk image file, and the described host virtual machine example that resumes operation, wherein, described virtual disk image file is used for described backup host and carries out rolling back action.
9, a kind of backup host is characterized in that, comprising:
Preserve module, be used to preserve the virutal machine memory data that main host sends;
Roll-back module is used under the situation that the host virtual machine example can not continue to move, and by rolling back action the virtual disk image file is returned to the state of the described virutal machine memory data consistent of preserving with described preservation module according to the lightweight snapshot;
The operation module is used for according to described virtual disk image file after the rollback and described virutal machine memory data run backup virtual machine example.
10, a kind of virtual machine consistently online migratory system comprises network memory, it is characterized in that, also comprises main host as claimed in claim 8 and backup host as claimed in claim 9.
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