CN101609080B - Compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil and test method thereof - Google Patents
Compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101609080B CN101609080B CN 200910181755 CN200910181755A CN101609080B CN 101609080 B CN101609080 B CN 101609080B CN 200910181755 CN200910181755 CN 200910181755 CN 200910181755 A CN200910181755 A CN 200910181755A CN 101609080 B CN101609080 B CN 101609080B
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Abstract
The invention provides a compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil and a test method thereof. The visualizer comprises a fixed frame, a sample bucket, a force-transferring mechanism and a force-applying mechanism, wherein the force-applying mechanism consists of a load and a pulley block; the gravity of the load is transferred onto the samples in the sample bucket through the pulley block and the force-transferring mechanism; the force-transferring mechanism is provided with an axial force sensor; a pressure sensor is arranged at the bottom of the sample bucket and simultaneously a vernier caliper is connected onto a pressure plate of the force-transferring mechanism; the outer wall of the sample bucket body is provided with a scale; the cover of the sample bucket is provided with a water-adding mouth and a gas-collecting mouth; the bottom of the sample bucket is provided with a liquid-collecting pipe; when the lamination compression settlement of the garbage soil is tested, the samples are placed into the sample bucket in a laminated way; by the position change of an interlaminar marker, the settlement value of the garbage soil at every layer is measured; and by the compression settlement lamination visualizer of the garbage soil and the test method thereof, the transferring relationship of the load can be accurately observed, the compression settlement lamination information of the samples can be conveniently observed, the leachate recharge can be achieved, and the biological landfill can be simulated more realistically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of refuse soil be carried out the instrument that indoor Compression Settlement observation experiment uses and the method for refuse soil being carried out Compression Settlement layering observation thereof.
Background technology
Along with China's expanding economy and urbanization degree improve day by day, domestic waste increases day by day, and the harm that causes is also day by day serious, and refuse pollution has become one of great environmental protection problem that the Chinese government pays much attention to and put forth effort to solve.Garbage loading embeading is as one of trash processing way, by contrast owing to the advantages such as it possesses skills reliably, technique is simple, convenient management, small investment become present stage China and the first-selection of many developed countries, therefore studying in this respect is to be necessary very much and to have very much a prospect.China is starting late aspect the garbage loading embeading research, and the researchist is few, and achievement is few, and backwardness is many with abroad comparing, and is greatly restricting the construction and development of China's landfill yard.
Landfill research is a new branch of science of combining closely with test, obtaining compellent achievement must adopt special instrument to test, the various test apparatuses of present stage test refuse soil sedimentation are the improvement to traditional earthwork test Instrument mostly, test method and instrument are simple and convenient, but obvious shortcoming is arranged: at first owing to the character such as extreme unevenness, high-compressibility and degradable of refuse soil, instrument is difficult to satisfy requirement and the precision of refuse soil settling test; Secondly the Modern landfill field all is " high, large " type, and the burden pressure of refuse soil is very large, and often loading range is little for traditional geotechnological instrument, and less loading range is so that test findings has significant limitation; The soil sample chamber of traditional earthwork test Instrument is very little again, the volume of sample that is to say test also can only be very little, and refuse soil all is the layering landfill in the landfill yard, the refuse soil of lower one deck can be subject to the pressure-acting of new landfill waste soil, so that the sedimentation of every one deck refuse soil and degraded all are not quite similar, the sample of small size is difficult to realize layering, even perhaps after the layering, because every one deck refuse soil volume is too little, amount does not measure this difference to cause the upper embodiment of macroscopic view not go out yet, so it can't draw sedimentation and the degradation characteristic of refuse soil layering landfill.In addition our sample of all knowing small size in process of the test, be subject to boundary effect to affect meeting comparatively remarkable because the soil sample chamber of this instrument is little, this will make sample be subject to great boundary constraint effect in compression process.The simultaneously also little so that sedimentation in soil sample chamber can only one changes among a small circle, and refuse soil has high-compressibility.These are all so that the process of sample compression and the compression process of actual landfill yard refuse soil have very large difference; Last instrument is because the friction equal loss of system, the pressure of actual loaded often is not equal to the pressure that acts on the sample, this impact is more obvious when little pressure, is the load that acts on the sample if directly the direct calculation of imposed load is done, and can make test findings that some deviations are arranged.In summary it can be seen that the limitation of test apparatus restricts one of biggest obstacle of this area research just.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the defective for above-mentioned existence, propose a kind of more reasonable test unit of measuring accurately and observing the refuse soil sedimentation.
For solving above technical matters, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil of the present invention, comprise fixed frame, the test portion bucket, force transmission mechanism, force application mechanism, described test portion bucket comprises the test portion bung that order links to each other, the test portion staving, at the bottom of the test portion bucket, described test portion bung is provided with the filler, gas-collecting pipe, packoff, described test portion bucket outer wall is provided with a barrel wall scale, sequentially be placed with the pressure-bearing upper plate at the bottom of the described test portion bucket, pressure transducer and pressure-bearing lower shoe, on the described pressure-bearing upper plate filter bores is set, described pressure transducer links to each other with external instrument by data line, described pressure-bearing lower shoe is connected with fluid collection tube and is fixed in described fixed frame, described force transmission mechanism comprises the pressurization disk that order links to each other, axial force sensor, press rods, polishing head, the pressure transmission plate, described pressurization disk is connected with vernier caliper, described press rods is passed described test portion bung, described axial force sensor links to each other with external instrument by data line, described force application mechanism comprises load, lifting rope, quiet pulley, travelling block, the quiet pulley of load, turn to quiet pulley, described lifting rope one end connects described load, the other end sequentially passes through the quiet pulley of described load, described quiet pulley, described travelling block turns to quiet pulley to link to each other with described pressurization disk with described, described quiet pulley, the quiet pulley of described load, describedly turn to quiet pulley to be installed on described fixed frame.
Compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil of the present invention also comprises lifting pulley, the rotation crank that force transmission mechanism is mentioned of being used for that is connected in pressurization disk.
The test portion staving of compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil of the present invention divides a section setting.
On the pressure-bearing lower shoe of compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil of the present invention the leachate collection channel is set.
A kind of method of testing of utilizing above-mentioned compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil to observe comprises the steps:
At first according to sample size and testing requirements the test portion staving is connected, test portion bung and pressure transmission plate are risen, then in the test portion bucket, fill out the refuse soil sample, with the refuse soil sample layering of putting into, and in every one deck, place label, after landfill is good, test portion bung and pressure transmission plate are slowly put down, write down vernier caliper and label this moment at the initial reading of bucket wall scale, then check the filler, gas-collecting pipe, the leakproofness of fluid collection tube and lubricating cup packoff, when determine airtight after, realize hierarchical loading or disposable loading according to testing requirements by load, pass through axial force sensor, pressure transducer directly reads pressure data in external instrument, be arranged on the change in location of the label of every one deck refuse soil interlayer by observation, the reading that reads vernier caliper and bucket wall scale changes, and according to difference reading constantly, obtains the rule that sedimentation changed along with the time.
In above-mentioned process of the test, can also realize recharging of liquid or leachate by the filler, by gas-collecting pipe and fluid collection tube the gas and the leachate that produce be collected.
Can realize following technique effect by above technical scheme:
(1) this instrument is by arranging axial force sensor, pressure transducer, can know the variation of understanding exactly the stress of practical function on refuse soil, thereby for the calculating of Compression Settlement provides clear and definite Load Transfer relation, difference of reading by axial force sensor, pressure transducer, can also obtain the size of the power of system loss, more advanced than refuse soil Compression Settlement instrument in the past;
(2) vernier caliper that connects by pressurization disk of this instrument, the scale measure that test portion bucket outer wall arranges are more accurate for the settlement observation of each layer;
(3) this instrument is realized the recovery of leachate by the collection tube that the pressure-bearing upper plate with filter bores and the pressure-bearing lower shoe with leachate collection channel is set and link to each other with the pressure-bearing lower shoe at the bottom of the test portion bucket, the test portion bung arranges the filler and realizes adding water or recharging leachate in the test portion bucket, more can accurately simulate the actual conditions of biological landfill yard;
(4) the test portion staving of this instrument divides a section setting, therefore can adopt different buckets to cut according to the test needs makes up, the measurement that realization changes the observation of the sample of large volume and larger sedimentation is for the rationality of test figure, can provide safeguard with reference to property and accuracy;
(5) this instrument load is applied to power on the increased pressure board by pulley blocks, and compact conformation is easy to operate.
By a series of correlation tests that this instrument can carry out refuse soil research, the test findings of the refuse soil sedimentation that this instrument draws is more reasonable than original refuse soil compression instrument coupon results, more near on-the-spot truth.This apparatus structure is clear, and easy to operate design for the Future in China landfill yard and development provide strong technical support.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is refuse soil layered settlement observation instrument planimetric map of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is refuse soil layered settlement observation instrument pressure-bearing upper plate vertical view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is refuse soil layered settlement observation instrument pressure-bearing lower shoe vertical view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is refuse soil layered settlement observation instrument pressure-bearing lower shoe side view of the present invention.
1 top board among the figure, 2 risers, 3 stiffening plates, 4 fixed pulleys, 5 pressurization disk, 6 lifting pulleys, 7 press rods, 8 lifting ropes, 9 rocking handles, 10 slide calliper rule driven pulleies, 11 travelling block, 12 orienting sleeves, 13 linings, plate in 14, the quiet pulley of 15 loads (weight), 16 turn to quiet pulley, 17 sealing sockets, 18 test portion bungs, 19 trim rings, 20 filler, 21 O-ring seals, 22 gas-collecting pipes, 23 packoffs, 24 polishing heads, 25 pressure transmission plates, 26 vernier calipers, 27 test portion stavings, 28 scales, 29 loads (weight), 30 loads (weight) frame, 31 columns, 32 pressure-bearing upper plates, 33 stretching screws, 34 pressure transducers, 35 set screws, 36 pressure-bearing upper plates, 37 pressure-bearing lower shoes, 38 stationary positioned circles, 39 fluid collection tubes, 40 axial force sensors, 41 canals, 42 ditches.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the structure of refuse soil layered settlement observation instrument: lifting rope 8 one ends through the quiet pulley 15 of load connect load (as: weight), one end passes through quiet pulley 4, travelling block 11, turns to quiet pulley 16, load gravity is passed on the pressurization disk 5, one axial force sensor 40 is set below the pressurization disk 5, and links to each other with press rods 7, pressurization disk 5 tops link to each other with vernier caliper 26 by slide calliper rule driven pulley 10, and link to each other with rocking handle 9 by lifting pulley 6, press rods 7 pass through "
" type polishing head 24 connection pressure transmission plates 25; pressure transmission plate 25 acts on the sample; there are sealing socket 17 and O-ring seal 21 in the junction when press rods 7 is passed test portion bung 18; test portion bung 18 is provided with filler 20, gas-collecting pipe 22 and lubricating cup packoff 23; organic glass test portion staving 27 outer walls post a barrel wall scale 28; between the pressure-bearing upper plate 32 at the bottom of the test portion bucket and the pressure-bearing lower shoe 37 pressure transducer 34 is set, on the pressure-bearing upper plate 32 filter bores is set, ditch 42, canal 41 are set on the pressure-bearing lower shoe 37, and canal 41 connects fluid collection tube 39.
For the rationality of test figure, can be with reference to property and accuracy, the settling test of refuse soil need to be observed with the sample of large volume, needing simultaneously to measure larger sedimentation changes, the test portion staving 27 of this instrument has three sections, material is organic glass, (H * φ) is respectively 800 * 540mm, 700 * 540mm, 500 * 540mm to the size that 3 buckets cut, and therefore can adopt different buckets to cut that the highest 200cm is carried out in combination, maximum volume is 0.5m according to the test needs
3The settling test of sample, pressure rod 7 length are 1.5m simultaneously, so the maximum settlement that can allow is 1.5m, because volume of sample is large, can realize eaily the observation of landfill compressed in layers sedimentation;
Secondly, load loads by the kind of drive that is positioned at four groups of travelling block 11 of four direction, 4 combinations of quiet pulley, and peak load can reach the pressure of 0.4Mpa;
This instrument also is provided with four load transducers, one of them sensor is located on the press rods 7, be axial force sensor 40, range 10KN, the sensor that all the other 3 ranges are 30KN is located at below the end bucket upper plate 32, be pressure transducer 34, each load transducer (axial force sensor 40, pressure transducer 34) links to each other with test portion staving 27 external meters by data line, arranging of sensor can be known the variation of understanding exactly the stress of practical function on refuse soil, thereby for the calculating of Compression Settlement provides clear and definite Load Transfer relation, by load transducer (axial force sensor up and down, pressure transducer) difference of reading, can also obtain the size of the power of system loss, this also is that in the past refuse soil Compression Settlement instrument can not be finished;
Settlement observation for each layer is more accurate, the 27 interior settlement observations of test portion staving in two kinds of situation, inner each layer settlement observation mainly carried out reading by the mark that inside arranges in conjunction with the scale 28 that is pasting on test portion staving 27 walls, test top reading then carries out reading vertically by passing the finer wire pulling vernier caliper 26 that is fixed in column 31 top sheaves, and wherein the vernier caliper precision reaches 0.01cm;
Instrument can also add water or recharge leachate in the test portion bucket by filler 20; Can collect gas and the leachate that the refuse soil reaction produces by gas-collecting pipe 22 and fluid collection tube 39, wherein liquid collection adopts pressure-bearing upper plate 32 and 37 actings in conjunction of pressure-bearing lower shoe, as shown in Figure 2, pressure-bearing upper plate 32 is covered with hole, the leachate that reaction produces can be exuded on the pressure-bearing lower shoe 37 by hole, as shown in Figure 4, pressure-bearing lower shoe 37 is to omit microprotrusion in the middle of one, toward " vault " shape disk that slows down gradually all around, as shown in Figure 3, be provided with the leachate collection channel above the pressure-bearing lower shoe 37: " ditch " 42 and " canal " 41, fluid collection tube 39 links to each other with each bar " canal " 41, by being arranged on the leachate collection channel on the pressure-bearing lower shoe: " ditch " 42 and " canal " 41, the final influent collection tube 39 of liquid is collected.
Embodiment one:
When carrying out the Compression Settlement observation experiment of refuse soil, at first select suitable test portion staving 27 to be connected according to sample size and testing requirements, utilize the connection of lifting pulley 6, by rotation crank 9 test portion bung 18 and pressure transmission plate 25 are risen, then in the test portion bucket, fill out the refuse soil sample, with the as requested layering of refuse soil sample of putting into, and in every one deck, place label, after landfill is good, test portion bung 18 and pressure transmission plate 25 are slowly put down, write down vernier caliper 26 and label this moment at the initial reading of bucket wall scale 28, then check filler 20, gas-collecting pipe 22, the leakproofness of fluid collection tube 39 and lubricating cup packoff 23, when determine airtight after, can realize loading by load (weight) 29 according to testing requirements, can hierarchical loading also can disposablely load, by axial force sensor 40, pressure transducer 34 directly reads pressure data in external instrument, be arranged on the change in location of the label of every one deck refuse soil interlayer by observation, the reading that reads vernier caliper 26 and bucket wall scale 28 changes, according to difference reading constantly, can obtain the rule that sedimentation changed along with the time, can realize recharging of liquid or leachate by filler 20 in the process of the test, thereby the course of work of simulation biological respinse landfill yard, can collect the gas and the leachate that produce by gas-collecting pipe 22 and fluid collection tube 39, finally obtain the generation Changing Pattern of gas and leachate.
Claims (6)
1. compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil, it is characterized in that: comprise fixed frame, the test portion bucket, force transmission mechanism, force application mechanism, described test portion bucket comprises the test portion bung (18) that order links to each other, test portion staving (27), at the bottom of the test portion bucket, test portion bung (18) is provided with filler (20), gas-collecting pipe (22), packoff (23), test portion staving (27) outer wall is provided with a barrel wall scale (28), sequentially be placed with pressure-bearing upper plate (32) at the bottom of the test portion bucket, pressure transducer (34) and pressure-bearing lower shoe (37), the pressure-bearing upper plate arranges filter bores on (32), pressure transducer (34) links to each other with external instrument by data line, pressure-bearing lower shoe (37) is connected with fluid collection tube (39) and is fixed in described fixed frame, described force transmission mechanism comprises the pressurization disk (5) that order links to each other, axial force sensor (40), press rods (7), polishing head (24), pressure transmission plate (25), described pressurization disk (5) is connected with vernier caliper (26), press rods (7) is passed described test portion bung (18), axial force sensor (40) links to each other with external instrument by data line, described force application mechanism comprises load (29), lifting rope (8), quiet pulley (4), travelling block (11), the quiet pulley of load (15), turn to quiet pulley (16), lifting rope (8) one ends connect described load (29), the other end sequentially passes through the quiet pulley of load (15), quiet pulley (4), travelling block (11) with turn to quiet pulley (16) to link to each other quiet pulley (4) with described pressurization disk (5), the quiet pulley of load (15), turn to quiet pulley (16) to be installed on described fixed frame.
2. compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise lifting pulley (6), the rotation crank (9) that above-mentioned force transmission mechanism is mentioned of being used for that is connected in above-mentioned pressurization disk (5).
3. compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described test portion staving (27) minute section setting.
4. compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: on the described pressure-bearing lower shoe (37) the leachate collection channel is set.
5. a method of testing of utilizing compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil claimed in claim 1 to observe is characterized in that comprising the steps:
At first according to sample size and testing requirements test portion staving (27) is connected, test portion bung (18) and pressure transmission plate (25) are risen, then in the test portion bucket, fill out the refuse soil sample, with the refuse soil sample layering of putting into, and in every one deck, place label, after landfill is good, test portion bung (18) and pressure transmission plate (25) are slowly put down, write down vernier caliper (26) and label this moment at the initial reading of bucket wall scale (28), then check filler (20), gas-collecting pipe (22), the leakproofness of fluid collection tube (39) and lubricating cup packoff (23), when determine airtight after, realize hierarchical loading or disposable loading according to testing requirements by load (29), by axial force sensor (40), pressure transducer (34) directly reads pressure data in external instrument, be arranged on the change in location of the label of every one deck refuse soil interlayer by observation, the reading that reads vernier caliper (26) and bucket wall scale (28) changes, according to difference reading constantly, obtain the rule that sedimentation changed along with the time.
6. method of testing according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: realize recharging of liquid or leachate by filler (20) in the process of the test, by gas-collecting pipe (22) and fluid collection tube (39) gas and the leachate that produce are collected.
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| CN 200910181755 CN101609080B (en) | 2009-07-23 | 2009-07-23 | Compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil and test method thereof |
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| CN 200910181755 CN101609080B (en) | 2009-07-23 | 2009-07-23 | Compression settlement lamination visualizer of garbage soil and test method thereof |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102877447B (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2015-07-22 | 中铁建设集团有限公司 | Shallow stratum multi-point settlement real-time monitoring device and method |
| CN103675211A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-26 | 辽宁工业大学 | Tester of bioreactor landfill primary compression settlement |
| CN103698257A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-02 | 安徽省金田建筑设计咨询有限责任公司 | Soil leaching test apparatus |
| CN103837433A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-06-04 | 辽宁工业大学 | Biodegradation sedimentation tester of urban refuse landfill |
| CN109359373B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2022-10-21 | 上海交通大学 | Method for predicting surface subsidence caused by pressure reduction and precipitation of confined aquifer |
| CN109580471A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-05 | 上海市市政规划设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of experimental system of solid waste regenerated aggregate absorption leaching |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201413319Y (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-02-24 | 河海大学 | Compression settling layered visualizer for garbage soil |
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| CN201413319Y (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-02-24 | 河海大学 | Compression settling layered visualizer for garbage soil |
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