CN101608640A - Flabellum and modification - Google Patents

Flabellum and modification Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101608640A
CN101608640A CNA2009101505341A CN200910150534A CN101608640A CN 101608640 A CN101608640 A CN 101608640A CN A2009101505341 A CNA2009101505341 A CN A2009101505341A CN 200910150534 A CN200910150534 A CN 200910150534A CN 101608640 A CN101608640 A CN 101608640A
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China
Prior art keywords
flabellum
top surface
radius
curvature
trailing edge
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CNA2009101505341A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101608640B (en
Inventor
R·M·安斯利
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Delta T Corp
Delta T LLC
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Delta T LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C3/00—Wings
    • B64C3/24—Moulded or cast structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/24—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines characterised by counter-rotating rotors subjected to same working fluid stream without intermediate stator blades or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/38—Blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/38—Blades
    • F04D29/384—Blades characterised by form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/38—Blades
    • F04D29/388—Blades characterised by construction

Abstract

A kind of winglet comprises vertical component and installation component.This installation component be configured to help winglet be installed in flabellum top on.This vertical component is configured to perpendicular to flabellum top and extend.Some winglets that other is added on the flabellum can improve the aerodynamic force of flabellum, thereby improve the efficient of fan.

Description

Flabellum and modification
The application is that international filing date is that January 28, international application no in 2005 are that PCT/US2005/002703, China national application number are the dividing an application of patent application of 200580030869.X.
Technical field
The applicant requirement obtains preference from " U.S. Provisional Patent Application series " No. 60/589945 (U.S.Provisional Patent Application Serial No.60/589,945) of disclosed " flabellum and modification " (FanBlades and Modifications) by name on July 21st, 2004.
Background technique
The present invention generally relates to flabellum and flabellum modification, especially relates to suitable aerofoil and the suitable winglet that uses with flabellum that uses with flabellum.
People in that big building is for example worked in storehouse and the manufactory may be exposed to uncomfortable so that under the dangerous operating conditions.Same situation also may appear at agriculture place, has for example expired in the building of livestock in the pass.In hot day, the temperature in the building can reach the degree that people or other animals can not be kept fit, and perhaps makes body temperature not conform with people's will.Make us uncomfortable or high unsafe zone that gets in temperature, just need a kind of device within this zone, form air-flow or enhancing air-flow.This kind air-flow may help reducing this regional temperature partly.
In addition, some activity of under these environment, carrying out, for example welding or operating internal-combustion engines all may produce airborne pollution, and this pollution can endanger the people who is exposing.If air be flowing in this zone less than desirable degree, the influence that airborne pollutant caused may be amplified.At these or similarly under the situation, just need a kind of device within this zone, form air-flow or enhancing air-flow.This kind air-flow may help reducing the adverse effect of pollutant partly, for example reduces its influence by dilution and/or removal pollutant.
In some building and environment, the problem of appearance may be the hot polymerization collection and remain near the ceiling board of building.This may be comparatively nice and cool relevant with near the zone the building floor.Ordinary skill can be understood those harm that may occur immediately under this or other unbalanced air/temperature distribution situations.Under these and similar situation, just need a kind of device within this zone, form air-flow or enhancing air-flow.This kind air-flow may help eliminating thermal stratification partly, and helps bringing out even more ideal air/temperature distribution.
Also need to have the fan that can cut down the consumption of energy.The reduction of this kind energy consumption may effectively move (this fan institute energy requirement that promptly turns round is less than other fans) owing to fan and be effective.Cutting down the consumption of energy also may be because fan improve air-distribution, thereby reduces the heat cost relevant with other devices or lower the temperature cost and be effective.
Description of drawings
Comprise in this manual and constitute its a part of accompanying drawing, shown several aspect of the present invention, and accompanying drawing has been explained principle of the present invention together with explanation; Yet, should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to shown various definite layout.In each accompanying drawing, same reference character refers to the same component under several visual angles.In these accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the planimetric map that is used to install the hub of flabellum;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of exemplary flabellum aerofoil;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of optional exemplary flabellum aerofoil;
Fig. 4 describes and shows two oval-shaped plotted curves;
Fig. 5 describes the part of plotted curve shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 6 is the side view of exemplary winglet flabellum modification;
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of winglet shown in Figure 6;
Fig. 8 is the top view of winglet shown in Figure 6;
Fig. 9 is the end elevation that has carried out the flabellum shown in Figure 2 of modification with winglet shown in Figure 6;
Figure 10 is the perspective exploded view of winglet shown in Figure 9-flabellum assembly.
Now will be with reference to the details of preferred embodiment of the present invention, these embodiments' a example is shown in the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Referring now to the details of accompanying drawing, same reference character is represented component same under all visual angles among the figure, and Fig. 1 shows exemplary fan hub 10, and it can be used for disposing the fan with flabellum 30 or 50.In this example, fan hub 10 comprises a plurality of hub installation components 12, and flabellum 30 or 50 can be installed on this hub.In one embodiment, fan hub 10 is connecting driving mechanism, and this mechanism rotates fan hub 10 with optional or predetermined speed.Therefore suitable hub assembly can comprise hub 10 and the driving mechanism that is connecting hub 10.Certainly, hub assembly also can comprise various other component, comprises different hubs, and hub 10 can be driven by any suitable device.In addition, hub 10 can have the hub installation component 12 of any suitable number.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, each hub installation component 12 all has top surface 14 and lower surface 16, and these surfaces end at leading edge 18 and trailing edge 20.In addition, each hub installation component 12 comprises opening 22, and this opening is formed on the top surface 14 and passes lower surface 16.In this example, the size of opening 22 is enough to admit fastening piece 26.Each hub installation component 12 all is configured to admit flabellum 30 or 50.Ordinary skill understands that all hub installation component 12 can be set to various optional shapes.
In one embodiment, flabellum 30 or 50 is installed on No. 6244821 (U.S.Patent No.6,244,821) disclosed hub assembly of U. S. Patent.Certainly, flabellum 30 or 50 also can be installed on other any hubs and/or the hub assembly.Suitable hub assembly can be manipulated into any suitable angular velocity and rotate hub 10.Only for instance, this kind angular velocity can be any speed in about 7 to the 108 rev/mins scope.
Fig. 2 shows the sectional view of the exemplary flabellum 30 with crooked trailing edge 38, and this flabellum is installed on the hub 10.This sectional view is to draw along the transversal plane intercepting that is positioned at flabellum 30 central authorities, towards hub 10.Flabellum 30 has top surface 32 and lower surface 34, and each this surface ends at leading edge 36 and trailing edge 38.As shown in the figure, trailing edge 38 has an inclined-plane, and this inclined-plane is at 45 approximately near that part of trailing edge 38 places near that part of trailing edge 38 places and lower surface 34 with respect to top surface 32.Certainly, trailing edge 38 can have other any inclined-planes, only for instance, can be 0 °, reaches the degree that comprises single plat surface.For other suitable shape of trailing edge 38, ordinary skill all can be understood.
In this example, flabellum 30 is hollow basically.A plurality of flanges or lug boss 40 are positioned at flabellum 30 the insides.As shown in the figure, when hub installation component 12 inserted in the flabellum 30, flange or lug boss 40 present positions just made top surface 14, lower surface 16, leading edge 18 and the trailing edge 20 of their contact hub installation components 12.Therefore, lug boss 40 forms sliding fit between flabellum 30 and hub installation component 12.Ordinary skill all can be understood the optional shape of flabellum 30, and this shape influences the sort of shape of relation between flabellum (30) and the hub installation component (12) including, but not limited to meeting.
Some terms that this specification is used, for example " wing chord " (chord), " chord " (chordlength), " maximum ga(u)ge " (maximum thickness), " maximum camber " (maximumcamber), " angle of attack " (angle of attack) and similar word all belong to the identical implication of used term in the specialty of aircraft wing or the design of other wings.In one embodiment, the chord of flabellum (30) is about 6.44 inches.16.2% of the wing chord of the maximum ga(u)ge of flabellum (30), and maximum camber is about 12.7% of wing chord.The radius of leading edge (36) is about 3.9% of wing chord.The radius of the trailing edge (38) of that quadrant of lower surface (34) is about 6.8% of wing chord.In an optional embodiment, flabellum (30) has about 7 inches wing chord.In another optional embodiment, the wing chord of flabellum (30) is about 6.6875 inches.Certainly, also can adopt other any suitable size and/or ratios.
Only for instance, the scope of the ratio of lift coefficient to drag coefficient of flabellum (30) can show as to be about from reynolds' number (Reynolds Number) and is about 39.8 under 120000 conditions, is about about 93.3 under 250000 conditions up to reynolds' number.Certainly, flabellum (30) also can obtain other ratio of lift coefficient to drag coefficients.
In one embodiment, the resistance coefficient scope of flabellum (30) shows as from reynolds' number and is about about 0.027 under 75000 situations, is about about 0.127 under 112500 situations up to reynolds' number.Certainly, flabellum (30) also can obtain other resistance coefficients.
In one embodiment, be about at reynolds' number under 200000 the condition, the mobile air of flabellum (30), thus the speed ratio that trailing edge (38) lower surface (34) of flabellum (30) is located is about 1.6.Flabellum (30) also can obtain other speed ratios.
In one embodiment, flabellum (30) is about-1 ° of aerodynamic force that non-delay is provided to 7 ° the angle of attack for reynolds' number is about under 112000 conditions; And, reynolds' number provides this kind aerodynamic force for being about being about under 250000 conditions-2 ° to 10 ° the angle of attack.Certainly, these numerical value only are for example.
Fig. 3 shows the sectional view of another exemplary flabellum (50), and this flabellum has and is generally oval-shaped top surface (52) and lower surface (54), and every kind of this surface ends at leading edge (56) and trailing edge (58) is located, and flabellum is installed on the hub (10).This sectional view is to draw along the transversal plane intercepting that is positioned at flabellum (50) central authorities, towards hub (10).In this example, flabellum (50) is hollow.A plurality of lug bosses (60) are positioned at flabellum (50) inboard.As shown in the figure, when hub installation component (12) inserted flabellum (50), lug boss (60) was positioned, thereby made top surface (14), lower surface (16), leading edge (18) and the trailing edge (20) of their contact hub installation components (12).Therefore, lug boss (60) forms sliding fit between flabellum (50) and hub installation component (12).Ordinary skill all can be understood the optional shape of flabellum (50), and it includes but not limited to for the influential shape of relation between flabellum (50) and the hub installation component (12).
As shown in the figure, flabellum (50) has compared with coming towards the higher bending radius of its trailing edge (58), towards the low bending radius of its leading edge (56).By adopting following formula to produce two ellipses, flabellum (50) can obtain curvature at least partly.Ordinary skill understands that all its initial point is in the x axle of flute card common factor and first ellipse on the y axle, can be produced by following equation:
(1) x=a (cos (t)); And
〔2〕y＝b(sin(t))
Wherein,
The length of a=master's radius;
The length of b=radius; And
The angle (being radian) of radius rotation around the t=initial point.
Correspondingly, can adopt aforesaid equation to produce first ellipse.Similarly, can adopt equation (1) and (2) to obtain first oval-shaped one group of coordinate.Exemplary first ellipse (200) is depicted in the plotted curve of Fig. 4, wherein, and a=3 and b=2.
Adopt following equation can obtain the second oval-shaped coordinate:
(3) x 2=x (cos (θ))-y (sin (θ)); And
〔4〕y 2＝y(cos(θ))-x(sin(θ))
Wherein,
x 2=the first oval initial point that centers on was rotated counterclockwise after the θ radian coordinate of second " x "; And
y 2=the first oval initial point that centers on was rotated counterclockwise after the θ radian coordinate of second " y ".
Therefore, the second oval-shaped size is decided according to the first oval-shaped size.Exemplary second ellipse (300) is depicted in the plotted curve of Fig. 4, wherein, and θ=0.525 radian.Be understandable that first and second ellipse indicates according to equation (1) to (4), these two ellipses can intersect (" oval-shaped intersection point ") on 4 points.Fig. 4 has shown 4 intersection points (400) between first ellipse (200) and second ellipse (300).
The curvature of top surface (52) and lower surface (54) can be come according to first and second the oval-shaped curvature between two continuous oval intersection points at least partially.The example that has shown one section this kind first ellipse (200) and second ellipse (300) in Fig. 5 has been described that part of ellipse (200 and 300) between the continuous oval intersection point (400) among the figure.Correspondingly, equation (1) to (4) can be used to the top surface (52) of flabellum (50) and at least one part of lower surface (54) to produce surface coordinate.
Be understandable that the chord of flabellum (50) can be along with changing with respect to two oval-shaped rotating amount θ to the ratio of thickness.
Certainly, the various piece of flabellum (50) can depart from first and second oval-shaped curvature.Only for instance, and be shown among Fig. 3, it is the curvature of annular substantially that leading edge (56) can be changed to having.Ordinary skill is all understood other deviations.
In one embodiment, to (4), make a=3 unit, b=2 unit and θ=0.525 radian, form flabellum (50) with equation (1).In this embodiment, to be equipped with diameter be the annular leading edge (56) of chord 3.5% to flabellum (50).The curvature of this leading edge (56) becomes tangent to cooperate with the curvature of top surface (52) and lower surface (54).Comparison diagram 3 and Fig. 5 just can imagine to obtain this kind cooperation.Certainly, also can adopt other sizes.
In one embodiment, the chord of flabellum (50) is about 7.67 inches.In another embodiment, the chord of flabellum is about 7.687 inches.Certainly, flabellum (50) can be other any suitable chord.
In this example, the radius of leading edge (56) is about 3.5% of wing chord.The maximum ga(u)ge of flabellum (50) is about 14.2% of wing chord.The maximum camber of flabellum (50) is about 15.6% of wing chord.Certainly, also can adopt other any suitable size and/or ratios.
In an example, diameter is 24 feet and comprises the fan of 10 flabellums (50) that are installed as 10 ° of angles of attack, when with the speed rotation of about 7 rev/mins (rpm), produces and is about 5.2 pounds thrust, and replacement rate is about 87302 cubic feet/min (cfm).When this fan rotated with about 14 rev/mins speed, fan produced and is about 10.52 pounds thrust, and replacement rate is about 124174 cubic feet/min.When this fan rotated with about 42 rev/mins speed, generation was about 71.01 pounds thrust, and replacement rate is about 322613 cubic feet.Fan with flabellum (50) also can obtain other thrusts and/or replacement amount.
Only for instance, the angle of attack is about the ratio of lift coefficient to drag coefficient scope of 10 ° flabellum (50), can show as from reynolds' number to be about about 39 under 120000 conditions, is about about 60 under 250000 conditions up to reynolds' number.Flabellum (50) also can obtain other ratio of lift coefficient to drag coefficients.
In one embodiment, flabellum (50) is about the angle of attack between about 1 ° to 11 ° under 112000 conditions for reynolds' number, reynolds' number is about the angle of attack between under 200000 conditions about 0 ° to 13 °, and reynolds' number is about about 1 ° to the 13 ° angle of attack under 250000 conditions, and non-delay aerodynamic force is provided.Certainly, these numerical value only are for example.
In one embodiment, diameter is 14 feet a fan, comprises 10 flabellums (50) with about 25 rev/mins of speed rotation.This fan is to be about 54 watts power operation, and moment of torsion is about 78.80 inches/pound, and flow rate is about 34169 cubic feet/min.So, the efficient of this fan be about 632.76 cubic feet/min/watt.
In another example, diameter is 14 feet a fan, comprises 10 flabellums (50) with about 37.5 rev/mins of speed rotation.This fan is to be about 82 watts power operation, and moment of torsion is about 187.53 inches/pound, and flow rate is about 62421 cubic feet/min.So, the efficient of this fan be about 761.23 cubic feet/min/watt.
In another example, diameter is 14 feet a fan, comprises 10 flabellums (50) with about 50 rev/mins of speed rotation.This fan is to be about 263 watts power operation, and moment of torsion is about 376.59 inches/pound, and flow rate is about 96816 cubic feet/min.So, the efficient of this fan be about 368.12 cubic feet/min/watt.
Hereinafter described content can be applicable to any flabellum, only comprises flabellum (30) or flabellum (50) with for instance.
In one embodiment, every flabellum (30 or 50) comprises the homogeneity continuous material.Only with for instance, flabellum (30 and 50) can be configured to by extruded aluminium.Yet, should be appreciated that flabellum (30 and/or 50) can be configured to by other any suitable materials, these materials include but not limited to any metal and/or plastics.In addition, should be appreciated that flabellum (30 and/or 50) can be made by any suitable manufacture method, described method includes but not limited to punching press, distortion, welding and/or molded.Ordinary skill all can be understood material and the manufacture method that other are suitable.
When flabellum (30 or 50) is installed in hub (10) when going up, only with for instance, hub installation component (12) can extend in the flabellum (30 or 50) about 6 inches.Optionally, hub installation component (12) can extend to any suitable length in the flabellum (30 or 50).Should be appreciated that also hub (10) can have the installation component (12) that is assemblied in flabellum (30 or 50) outside, rather than be in the inside.Optionally, installation component (12) can be assemblied in flabellum (30 or 50) top outside and inside place of part.
Flabellum (30 or 50) can also comprise one or more openings, and it is configured to the opening (22) on the hub installation component (12) and aims at.In this embodiment, when the opening on the flabellum (30 or 50) and the opening (22) on the hub installation component (12) on time, can insert fastening piece (26) and pass each opening and flabellum (30 or 50) is fixed on the hub installation component (12).In one embodiment, fastening piece (26) is a bolt.Ordinary skill all can be understood fastening piece (26) alternative that other are suitable, and it includes but not limited to tackiness agent.Correspondingly, understand that opening (22) is can be elective.
Flabellum (30 or 50) can be about 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13 or 14 feet long.Optionally, flabellum (30 or 50) can be other any suitable length.In one embodiment, the size of flabellum (30 or 50) and hub (10) is set at and makes the fan diameter that comprises flabellum (30 or 50) and hub (10) be about 24 feet.In another embodiment, flabellum (30 or 50) and hub (10) are sized to and make the fan diameter that comprises flabellum (30 or 50) and hub (10) be about 14 feet.Ordinary skill all can be understood the size that other are suitable.
Should be appreciated that, along the length of flabellum (30 or 50) and intercept all sectional views of drafting, do not need to be equal to.In other words, the shape of flabellum (30 or 50) need be along the whole length of flabellum (30 or 50) and is unified.Only, can remove the part of " hub is installed terminal " (promptly will be installed in the end of the flabellum (30 or 50) on the hub (10)) of flabellum (30 or 50) with for instance.In an example, the leading edge (56) of flabellum (50) is cut sth. askew, so that on hub (10), hold another sheet flabellum (50).
Optionally, flabellum (30 or 50) can form or be configured to that hub is installed terminal a part or another one and partly dispense, separates and remove, and perhaps " loses ".Should be appreciated that, lack such part (no matter it is to get rid of, and does not still remove from the beginning at all) and can eliminate the flabellum (30 or 50) and hub some relevant problems interfering with each other located with hub (10).This kind interference may include but not limited to this factor of chord of flabellum (30 or 50) because various factors cause.Certainly, other factors except disturbing also can influence removal or other disappearances to the part of flabellum (30 or 50).This disappearance part can comprise the part of leading edge (36 or 56), the part of trailing edge (38 or 58), or both.
Optionally, locate the interference of flabellum (30 or 50), can increase the diameter (for example not increasing the quantity of hub installation component (12)) of hub in order to handle hub (10).Optionally, can reduce the wing chord of flabellum (30 or 50).Ordinary skill all can be understood other optional disposal options and the modifications for hub (10) and flabellum (30 or 50).
Ordinary skill can understand that all the angle of attack of flabellum (30 or 50) can be zero or non-zero.Only with for instance, when flabellum (30 or 50) being installed in hub installation component (12) and going up, the angle of attack of flabellum can be about-1 ° to 7 ° scope, between-2 ° to 10 °, perhaps is about 7 °, 8 °, 10 °, perhaps for instance, is about 13 °.Certainly, the angle of attack of flabellum (30 or 50) can be other any suitable angles.Flabellum (30 or 50) is basically along its length Cheng Zhi, and its angle of attack by hub installation component (12) provided with the angle of attack that meets the requirements.
Optionally, the angle of attack of hub installation component (12) can be zero, and the angle of attack of flabellum (30 or 50) can be provided by reversing of flabellum (30 or 50).In other words, the length that flabellum (30 or 50) can extend in flabellum (30 or 50) along hub installation component (12) and be straight basically, and reverse the remainder that can be set to flabellum (30 or 50) angle of attack is provided.This kind reverses and can occur in that (for example the whole residue length of flabellum (30 or 50) is reversed on any suitable length of flabellum (30 or 50); Or to reverse be brief, thereby all remainders of flabellum (30 or 50) are straight basically, or the like).And ordinary skill all can be understood other suitable shape and methods that the angle of attack is provided for whole or local flabellum (30).In addition, should be appreciated that the whole or any part of flabellum (30 or 50) can be useful on one or more the reversing of any purpose.
Ordinary skill is all understood and can be revised flabellum (for example 30 or 50) with many modes.This kind modification can change the feature of fan performance.Shown in example among Fig. 6 to Figure 10, this kind modification can comprise winglet (70).Although will winglet (70) be discussed in conjunction with the situation of flabellum (30 and 50), be understandable that winglet (70) can use with other any suitable flabellums.
Winglet in this example (70) comprises vertical component (72).Vertical component (72) is made up of the outer surface (76) of smooth internal surface (74) and circle.Ordinary skill can be understood other suitable shape of internal surface (74) and outer surface (76).In this example, the circumference of vertical component (72) is limited by lower edge (78), upper limb (80) and trailing edge (82).All locate to cross in the bight (84) of correspondence in each edge (78,80 and 82).Therefore, in this example, vertical component (72) has three bights (84).As shown in the figure, each bight (84) all are round.Correspondingly, term " bight " illustrates used term as this, should not read to do to require to have an acute angle.In other words, the bight does not need to be confined to that a pair of straight line crosses or point of intersection or zone.Although described in this example vertical component (72) has three bights, understand that vertical component (72) can have the bight (84) of any suitable number.
Ordinary skill all can be understood other variants of vertical component (72).
Winglet in this example (70) also comprises winglet installation component (90), and it is substantially perpendicular to the internal surface (74) of vertical component (72) and extends.As shown in the figure, winglet installation component (90) is set to similar in appearance to hub installation component (12).Winglet installation component (90) has top surface (92) and lower surface (94), and each should all end in leading edge (96) and the trailing edge (98) on the surface.In addition, each winglet installation component (90) includes the opening (100) of break-through top surface (92) and lower surface (94).In this example, the size of each opening (100) is configured to admit fastening piece (26).Winglet installation component (90) is set to insert in the end of flabellum (30 or 50).Ordinary skill can understand that all winglet installation component (90) can be set to various optional shape.
Fig. 9 shows the sectional view of the flabellum (30) that winglet (70) have been installed.This sectional view is to draw along the transversal plane intercepting that is positioned at flabellum (30) central authorities, in the face of winglet (70) (promptly back to hub (10)).As Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10, in this example, winglet installation component (90) is set to be assemblied in the end of flabellum (30 or 50).As hub installation component (12), winglet installation component (90) sliding fit and abut against the lug boss (40 or 60) of flabellum (30 or 50).In this example, the upper limb (80) of winglet (70) extends in top surface (the 32 or 52) top of flabellum (30 or 50), but also extends to outside the leading edge (36 or 56).Similarly, the lower edge (78) of winglet (70) extends in lower surface (the 34 or 54) below of flabellum (30 or 50).The trailing edge (82) of winglet (70) extends in trailing edge (the 38 or 58) below of flabellum (30 or 50).Certainly, winglet (70) can have other any relevant size and/or shapes with flabellum (30 or 50).
Flabellum (30 or 50) can have one or more openings, be formed near flabellum (30 or 50) top, pass top surface (32 or 52) and/or lower surface (34 or 54), when winglet installation component (90) inserts in the flabellum (30 or 50), above-mentioned opening is aimed at winglet opening (100), and the flabellum opening is sized to and admits fastening piece (26).Therefore, can be fixed on winglet (70) on the flabellum (30 or 50) with one or more fastening pieces (26).In one embodiment, fastening piece (26) is a bolt.In another embodiment, fastening piece (26) is made up of the tip interlocking clamping screw of a pair of complementation, for example be used for once in a while together screw post of a large amount of paper clamps (for example be threaded on the outer surface so as with internal surface on " sun " screw of screwed " the moon " screw coupling) form.Yet, can adopt other any suitable fastening pieces, include but not limited to tackiness agent.Correspondingly, understand that opening (100) is can be elective.
Also to understand, not need winglet installation component (90) is inserted in the end of flabellum (30 or 50).In other words, and, can be set to winglet installation component (90) be assemblied on the outside of flabellum (30 or 50) similar in appearance to the situation of hub installation component (12), rather than on the inboard.Optionally, winglet installation component (90) can be assemblied in flabellum (30 or 50) part in the inboard and part place in the outside.Ordinary skill all can be understood other structures.
In an optional embodiment, winglet (70) does not have installation component (90), but a depressed part on the internal surface (74) that is formed at vertical component (72) is arranged.In this embodiment, the top of flabellum (30 or 50) is inserted in the winglet (70), so that winglet (70) is attached on the flabellum (30 or 50).In yet another embodiment, flabellum (30 or 50) forms as one with winglet (70).Correspondingly, ordinary skill all can be understood, exists various structures and makes flabellum (30 or 50) be provided with winglet (70).
Although shown in vertical component (72) be substantially perpendicular to installation component (90), understand that these two kinds of members can be on toward each other any proper angle.Therefore, and only with for instance, when winglet (70) was attached at flabellum (30 or 50) and goes up, vertical component (72) can be inwardly or towards outer incline.Optionally, vertical component (72) can comprise a more than angle.In other words, when winglet was attached at flabellum (30 or 50) and goes up, vertical component (72) can be configured to make the base section of the top section of vertical component and vertical component all to tilt separately inwardly.Ordinary skill all can be understood other variations of winglet (70), and it includes but not limited to that angle changes.
Although specially the modification of winglet (70) as flabellum (30 or 50) illustrated at this, understand, also can revise other any flabellums with winglet (70).
In one embodiment, winglet (70) is made by homogeneity continuous molding plastics.Yet understand that winglet (70) also can be made by various materials, this material includes but not limited to any suitable metal and/or plastics, and it can be made up of many bodies.In addition, to understand also that winglet can be made by any suitable manufacture method.
Should be appreciated that also near the trailing vortex that forms at flabellum (30 or 50) top place or it can increase near the lift the flabellum (30 or 50).Winglet (70) can suppress near top top surface (32 or 52) of flabellum (30 or 50) and/or the radial air flow on the lower surface (34 or 54).This kind inhibition can force air more normally to flow to trailing edge (38 or 58) from leading edge (36 or 56), thereby at least with certain rotational speed, improves the efficient that its flabellum (30 or 50) has the fan of winglet (70).
In an example, winglet (70) is attached on the flabellum that diameter is 6 feet a fan (the 30 or 50) end.Owing to increased winglet (70), when fan was 171 rev/mins in speed, its air rate had increased 4.8%.
In another example, winglet (70) is attached on the flabellum that diameter is 14 feet a fan (the 30 or 50) end.Owing to increased winglet (70), when fan was 75 rev/mins in speed, its air rate had increased 4.4%.
Below two forms shown that via winglet (70) being added to diameter be the efficient that can obtain on 14 feet the fan:
Table 1: not with the fan of winglet (70)
Speed (rev/min) Peak output (watt) Average power (watt) Moment of torsion (inch/pound) Flow rate (cubic feet/min) Efficient (cubic feet/min/watt)
????12.5 ????54 ????50 ????17.86 ????0 ????0
????25 ????66 ????54 ????78.80 ????34169 ????632.76
????37.5 ????125 ????82 ????187.53 ????62421 ????761.23
????50 ????339 ????263 ????376.59 ????96816 ????368.12
????62.5 ????700 ????660 ????564.01 ????110784 ????167.85
????75 ????1170 ????1140 ????839.75 ????129983 ????114.02
Table 2: the fan of band winglet (70)
Speed (rev/min) Peak output (watt) Average power (watt) Moment of torsion (inch/pound) Flow rate (cubic feet/min) Efficient (cubic feet/min/watt)
????12.5 ????50 ????42 ????18.56 ????26815 ????638.45
????25 ????58 ????43 ????18.39 ????46547 ????1082.49
????37.5 ????68 ????49 ????186.00 ????61661 ????1258.39
????50 ????241 ????198 ????354.61 ????87552 ????442.18
????62.5 ????591 ????528 ????582.78 ????120859 ????228.90
????75 ????980 ????950 ????847.41 ????136560 ????143.75
Certainly, by using winglet (70) can realize other values.In addition, ordinary skill is all understood the suitable variation of winglet, and this variation includes but not limited to optional winglet shape.
In a word, use of the present invention former comprehend obtain many benefits that illustrated.To the description that above-mentioned one or more embodiment of the present invention did, reached demonstration and illustrative purposes, but be not to mean the present invention specially is decided to be or is confined to disclosed exact form.According to above-mentioned instruction, can significantly revise or change.In order to show principle of the present invention and application thereof better, select and described one or more embodiments, thereby ordinary skill can be applied to the present invention among the various embodiments, and make various modifications be fit to desired special-purpose.The claims of enclosing limit scope of the present invention.

Claims (20)

1. one kind is configured to the flabellum that is installed on the rotary fan hub, and this flabellum comprises:
(a) top surface, the part of this top surface have the basic oval-shaped curvature that is, wherein at least a portion of the curvature of top surface is a basis with first ellipse;
(b) has recessed regional lower surface;
(c) leading edge, wherein top surface and lower surface end at the leading edge place separately; And
(d) trailing edge, wherein top surface and lower surface end at the trailing edge place separately.
2. flabellum as claimed in claim 1, wherein flabellum is hollow basically.
3. flabellum as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inside of flabellum comprises one or more lug bosses that engage with the fan hub installation component that are configured to.
4. flabellum as claimed in claim 1, wherein flabellum is formed by extruded material.
5. flabellum as claimed in claim 4, wherein extruded material comprises aluminium.
6. flabellum as claimed in claim 1, wherein first ellipse produces based on following formula at least in part:
X=a (cos (t)); And (1)
y＝b(sin(t))??????????〔2〕
Wherein, x and y provide x-y the position for first ellipse,
The length of a=master's radius;
The length of b=radius; And
The angle of radius rotation around the t=initial point.
7. flabellum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first portion in recessed zone has the basic oval-shaped curvature that is.
8. flabellum as claimed in claim 7, the basic of wherein said recessed zone is that oval-shaped curvature is basis with first ellipse.
9. flabellum as claimed in claim 7, wherein the first portion in recessed zone is roughly parallel to the appropriate section of top surface.
10. flabellum as claimed in claim 1, wherein lower surface also comprises raised zones.
11. flabellum as claimed in claim 10, wherein raised zones is limited by substantially invariable radius of curvature.
12. flabellum as claimed in claim 11, wherein said substantially invariable radius of curvature comprise 2 inches and 20 inches between about 2 inches and about 20 inches.
13. flabellum as claimed in claim 10, wherein lower surface also is included in the transition region that transition is provided between raised zones and the recessed zone.
14. flabellum as claimed in claim 13, wherein transition region is limited by a radius of curvature.
15. flabellum as claimed in claim 14, wherein said radius of curvature comprise 0.25 inch and 5.0 inches between about 0.25 inch and about 5.0 inches.
16. flabellum as claimed in claim 1, wherein top surface and lower surface also are limited near the trailing edge flap district of trailing edge.
17. flabellum as claimed in claim 16, wherein the trailing edge flap district comprises first aileron part and the second aileron part.
18. flabellum as claimed in claim 17, wherein first aileron part curves inwardly towards leading edge with respect to the adjacent portion of lower surface; Wherein second aileron part further further curves inwardly towards leading edge with respect to first aileron part.
19. one kind is configured to the flabellum that is installed on the rotary fan hub, this flabellum comprises:
(a) top surface, the curvature that the part of this top surface has is limited by an oval-shaped part, and this ellipse produces based on following formula:
X=a (cos (t)); And (1)
y＝b(sin(t))
Wherein, x and y provide x-y the position for ellipse,
The length of a=master's radius;
The length of b=radius; And
The angle of radius rotation around the t=initial point;
(b) has recessed regional lower surface;
(c) leading edge, wherein top surface and lower surface are intersected in the leading edge place; And
(d) trailing edge, wherein top surface and lower surface are intersected in the trailing edge place.
20. one kind is configured to the flabellum that is installed on the rotary fan hub, this flabellum comprises:
(a) top surface, the part of this top surface have the basic oval-shaped curvature that is, wherein the basic of the described part of top surface is that oval-shaped curvature is basis with first ellipse;
(b) lower surface, this lower surface have recessed zone and raised zones and are being recessed into the transition region that transition is provided between zone and the raised zones, and wherein the curvature of raised zones is limited by substantially invariable radius;
(c) leading edge, wherein top surface and lower surface end at the leading edge place separately; And
(d) trailing edge, wherein top surface and lower surface end at the trailing edge place separately.
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