CN101602591B - CCCW-mixing graphite smart concrete and application thereof - Google Patents
CCCW-mixing graphite smart concrete and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101602591B CN101602591B CN2009100629281A CN200910062928A CN101602591B CN 101602591 B CN101602591 B CN 101602591B CN 2009100629281 A CN2009100629281 A CN 2009100629281A CN 200910062928 A CN200910062928 A CN 200910062928A CN 101602591 B CN101602591 B CN 101602591B
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Abstract
The invention relates to smart concrete, in particular to CCCW-mixing graphite smart concrete formed by adding CCCW concrete mixture and graphite into base materials comprising silicate cement and sand, wherein the mass ratio of cement to sand is 1 to 1; and other components in percentage by weight to the total mass of the cement and the sand are as follows: 1 to 2 percent of CCCW concrete mixture and 5 to 25 percent of graphite. By utilizing the tunneling conducting effect between the contact electric conduction of the graphite and the electric conduction phase, the invention forms the graphite electrical conduction concrete with smart property, and has the advantages of favorable electric conduction, high mechanical property, stable electrical conductivity and pressure-sensitivity, simple preparation, lower price, and the like; and the material can be utilized for manufacturing a concrete structure sensor element, can be used for the effective execution of the health supervision of the concrete structure and can also be used as an industrial anti-static material, an electrical engineering material and an electrothermal material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the concrete technology field, the graphite sensitive concrete and the application thereof of mixing CCCW in particularly.
Background technology
In the traditional water cement-based material behind the conductive components such as admixture thomel, steel fiber, graphite; Can obtain to have electroconductibility and have polyfunctional intelligent concretes such as thermoelectric effect, pressure-sensitive, be expected in following intelligent building, health monitoring and multi-field widespread use such as prevent and reduce natural disasters.At present, though be thomel to the first-selected interpolation component of conductive cement base material both at home and abroad, the dispersion effect of thomel in cement based is not satisfactory, has caused its electric property unstable, has directly influenced the application of this type of material.There is not dispersion problem in the preparation of graphite cement-base composite material; But in order to obtain stable electroconductibility; The graphite that must add some amount; This can cause declining to a great extent of material mechanical performance, so the graphite cement-base composite material is mainly used in the occasion not high to requirement of strength.CCCW mixes agent as concrete, and wherein special active chemistry can be a carrier with water under certain curing condition; Pass through osmosis; Its active chemistry is transmitted in concrete micropore and pore, fill and the catalysis concrete in not fully the cement granules of aquation continue hydration takes place, form insoluble crystal; Microfracture is filled automatically, realize selfreparing.This will reduce the porosity of material, improves the mechanical property of cement-base composite material, can partly remedy the decline of the mechanical performance of concrete that mixing of graphite cause.Because there is not dispersed requirement in the adding of graphite, thereby material preparation process is simplified, and can be obtained electroconductibility and the stable graphite cement base smart material of pressure-sensitive.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the graphite sensitive concrete of mixing CCCW in a kind of is provided; This sensitive concrete has stable electroconductibility and pressure-sensitive; And manufacture craft is simple, the alert and resourceful characteristic problem of unstable of material that causes with the technology deficiency that overcomes existing graphite.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts following technical scheme:
Mix the graphite sensitive concrete of CCCW in provided by the invention, the basic material that it is formed with silicate cement and sand constitutes after the concrete of adding CCCW mixes agent and graphite.The quality proportioning of cement and sand is 1: 1; Other composition with respect to the per-cent of cement and sand total mass is: the concrete of CCCW mixes agent 1%～2%, graphite 5%～25%.
Mix the graphite sensitive concrete of CCCW in provided by the invention, it is used to make the stress-strain sensing member.
The present invention compared with prior art has following main outstanding effect:
One of which. improved performance.
The present invention adopts and mixes the mechanical property that the CCCW concrete mixes agent raising material, can partly remedy the decline of mixing the material mechanical performance that causes behind the graphite.Utilize the characteristics of graphite good dispersivity in cement that the preparation technology of material is simplified.Therefore, in mix CCCW the graphite sensitive concrete have good conductivity, mechanical property is higher, the stable and stable characteristics of pressure-sensitive of resistivity.
The CCCW material that the present invention adopts is that concrete mixes agent, and graphite is the crystalline flake graphite of carbon content >=97%.As far as the graphite cement based composites, its resistivity is mainly determined by the volume of graphite.Therefore, the adding of an amount of crystalline flake graphite of good dispersivity makes the probability that is in contact with one another between the graphite phase increase, and the mean distance between the conductive phase reduces, and helps the tunnel effect between the conductive phase.Suitably strengthen the add-on of graphite, make conductive phase form space conductive network path easily, guaranteed that material has the lower resistivity and the stability of electric property.After mixing CCCW; Wherein contained sp act chemical substance can form insoluble crystal through secondary hydration and stop up capillary channel in the concrete; Improved the microstructure of concrete substrate, the polarizing effect that reduces ionic conduction greatly and caused also helps electroconductibility stable of material; Simultaneously, also improved the mechanical property of material.Quality proportioning as when cement and sand is 1: 1; The graphite volume be respectively cement and sand total mass (as follows) 2.5%, 7.5% and 12.5% o'clock, the ultimate compression strength of not mixing the graphite cement based composites of CCCW material is respectively 39.4MPa, 27.5MPa and 16.2MPa; The ultimate compression strength of the graphite cement based composites of admixture CCCW material then is respectively 58.4MPa, 32.5MPa and 23.6MPa.Behind the admixture CCCW, the ultimate compression strength of graphite cement based composites has improved 48.7%, 17.1% and 45.7% respectively.
Mixing of proper C CCW material and graphite guaranteed that material has lower resistivity and pressure-sensitive stability, and had higher mechanical property.Therefore, the graphite cement based composites of mixing CCCW in can be used as the stress strain gauge of civil engineering structure.
Its two, cost is lower.The graphite that adopts is the common crystalline flake graphite of plant produced.
Its three, manufacture craft is simple.Adopt the manufacture craft of normal concrete to get final product.
Its four, be widely used.Be expected in following intelligent building, health monitoring and multi-field widespread use such as prevent and reduce natural disasters.
Advantages such as in a word, the present invention utilizes contact conduction and the tunnel conduction effect between the conductive phase of graphite to form the electrically conductive graphite concrete with alert and resourceful characteristic, has conduction well, and mechanical property is higher, and electroconductibility and pressure-sensitive are stable, and preparation simply and price is lower; Utilize this kind material can make concrete structure sensor element, effectively implement health monitoring, also can be used for industrial anti-electrostatic, electrician and thermo electric material concrete structure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of sensing member and four electrode method test resistance thereof.
Fig. 2 mixes the graphite cement mortar pressure-sensitive test macro synoptic diagram of CCCW in being.
Fig. 3 be short column (100mm * 100mm * 300mm, C30) and bury the synoptic diagram of sensing member in the center.
Fig. 4 is the change in resistance to buried column central position sensing member in short column shown in Figure 3 is dull when loading.
Fig. 5 is sand-cement slurry resistivity, stress and the time relation curve under the cyclic load effect that contains 20% graphite.
Fig. 6 is sand-cement slurry strain under the cyclic load effect, stress and the time relation curve that contains 20% graphite.
Fig. 7 is sand-cement slurry resistance change rate, stress and the time relation curve under the cyclic load effect that contains 20% graphite.
Fig. 8 is sand-cement slurry resistivity, stress and the time relation curve under the cyclic load effect that contains 50% graphite.
Fig. 9 is sand-cement slurry strain under the cyclic load effect, stress and the time relation curve that contains 50% graphite.
Figure 10 is sand-cement slurry resistance change rate, stress and the time relation curve under the cyclic load effect that contains 50% graphite.
Among the figure: 1. test block; 2. positive electrode; 3. negative potential; 4. positive electrode; 5. negative potential; 6. resistance strain gage; 7. stress-strain sensing member; 8. concrete column.
Embodiment
The present invention is to provide a kind of basic material of forming with silicate cement and sand that contains, the concrete that adds CCCW mixes agent and constitutes graphite cement base sensitive concrete (abbreviation sensitive concrete) mutually with graphite.Consisting of of this sensitive concrete: the quality proportioning of cement and sand is 1: 1.2%CCCW (account for add the percentage ratio of cement and sand total mass, as follows), 5%～25% crystalline flake graphite.
Above-mentioned graphite is the common crystalline flake graphite of plant produced, graphite purity>=97%, granularity≤0.071mm.
Above-mentioned CCCW material is that commercially available CCCW concrete mixes agent.
The graphite cement base sensitive concrete preparation technology who mixes CCCW in provided by the invention is simple, and is identical with the preparation technology of normal concrete.For example: take by weighing each component at first in proportion, the CCCW cement with 2% mixes agent and adds the cement dry mixing, adds graphite and sand again, carries out the dry mixing mixing.Pour mixture into mortar mixer and stir, and progressively add entry.Change wc (mass ratio of water and cement+graphite) in the experiment, to keep the compound suitable flowability properties.The addition of graphite and corresponding with it wc are seen table 1.After admixtion stirs, inject mould molding, imbed the stainless steel conductive electrode simultaneously, and carry out the normal demoulding, maintenance.Also available sliver-powder conducting glue is processed electrode at specimen surface.
Below in conjunction with specific examples the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1: mix the graphite cement based composites sensing member of CCCW in the preparation, its size is 40mm * 40mm * 40mm (see figure 1).Adopt 42.5 ordinary Portland cements.Conventional cast is used silica sand, and granularity is 0.154mm～0.315mm.Resistivity is as shown in table 1 accordingly after 28 days for raw material ratio and maintenance.It is as shown in table 2 to the influence of material ultimate compression strength to add CCCW.The proportioning of CCCW material, graphite is represented with the per-cent that it accounts for the total mass of cement and sand.
By table 1 knowledge, along with the increase of graphite volume, its electroconductibility is good more.When volume was 10% left and right sides, it was little to the resistivity of material influence to increase content of graphite again.Graphite in the table 1, the numerical value of CCCW are the per-cent that accounts for the total mass of cement and sand.
Can know by table 2, mix graphite after, the ultimate compression strength of material reduces.The graphite incorporation is big more, and the strength of materials is low more, but mixes the ultimate compression strength that CCCW can effectively improve graphite cement base smart material.Graphite in the table 2, the numerical value of CCCW are the per-cent that accounts for the total mass of cement and sand.
Embodiment 2: adopt the sensing member 40mm * 40mm * 40mm of above-mentioned prepared, and adopt test macro shown in Figure 2 to carry out the pressure-sensitive test of material.Sample is placed on INSTRON 5882 universal testing machines, promptly constitute the pressure-sensitive test macro, to measure the resistance change situation of graphite cement mortar specimen under CYCLIC LOADING.Adopt the strain value of YE2539 high speed statical strain indicator record sample when loading synchronously.Loading regime is the choppy sea CYCLIC LOADING, and loading and rate of debarkation are controlled to be 1 minute loop cycle.Maximum crushing stress is the pressure drag characteristic of 6.25MPa, 5 circulating research samples, analyzes its ga(u)ge factor.Under the cyclic load effect, there are certain corresponding relation in the resistivity and the stress of the sensing member of different graphite volume samples.The graphite volume is cement and sand total mass 10%～15% o'clock, and the volume specific resistance of graphite cement mortar specimen and stress present good repeatability, and resistance value almost is linear and descends when stress loads, and increases during unloading.When content of graphite was respectively 10% and 15%, its corresponding ga(u)ge factor was respectively 39.5 and 25.Be far longer than the sensitivity coefficient 2 of metal resistance strain gauge.Fig. 4 to Figure 10 has shown sand-cement slurry resistivity, stress and resistance change rate and the time curve under the cyclic load effect that contains 20% and 50% graphite respectively.
Embodiment 3: with the post center of imbedding 100mm * 100mm * 300mm after sensing member (2%CCCW, 10% content of graphite) the employing epoxy encapsulation, post is pressed the preparation of C30 concrete, and is as shown in Figure 3.Coupled columns applies dull pressure load, and the change in resistance of the correspondence of the sensing member that records is as shown in Figure 4, and AB, BC and CD three phases correspond respectively to elastic range, plastic zone and the damage envelope of graphite stress strain gauge among Fig. 4.Resistivity and loading stress exist certain corresponding relation, good reproducibility.Sensing member is the force-bearing situation of perceptual structure well, and therefore, this transmitter can be widely used in the health monitoring of structure, in the engineering fields such as vehicle weighing.
Embodiment 4: the stress-strain sensing member
In mix CCCW the graphite sensitive concrete be widely used, it can be used in the stress-strain sensing member 7 that use in fields such as being produced on monitoring structural health conditions, vehicle weighing.This sensing member is provided with two counter electrode, and is extremely shown in Figure 2 like Fig. 1: two counter electrode and constant current direct supply and multi-channel data automatic acquisition processing system (recording voltage value) constitute the four electrode method resistance test system.Two counter electrode constitute on test block 1 surface with the sliver-powder conducting glue brush, with conducting adhesive cloth copper conductor are bonded at then and draw positive electrode 2, negative potential 3, positive electrode 4, negative potential 5 on the sliver-powder conducting glue; Or adopt the wire netting sheet to be embedded in the test block.Inboard two electrode test voltage V, the outside two electrodes provide direct supply I by constant current source, and the volume resistance of concrete test block is R=V/I between then inboard two electrodes, and resistivity is ρ=RS/L, wherein, S=40mm * 40mm, L=20mm.Be provided with the bonding continuous resistance strain gage 6 of seccotine (Fig. 2) in a side of test block 1, when being loaded in conjunction with YE2539 high speed statical strain indicator record sensing member at the strain value of pressure direction.Test block 1 is processed by sensitive concrete, and size is 40mm * 40mm * 40mm.
Said stress-strain sensing member 7 (abbreviation sensing member), it imbeds (Fig. 3) in the C30 concrete structure column 8, can monitor this sensing member concrete strained condition on every side eaily.
Subordinate list
Table 1 raw material ratio and maintenance be the corresponding resistivity of sample after 28 days
| Cement | Sand | Graphite | CCCW | Water/(cement+graphite) | Resistivity/ |
| 50 | 50 | 0 | 2 | 0.37 | 529.5 |
| 50 | 50 | 2.5 | 2 | 0.38 | 90.4 |
| 50 | 50 | 5 | 2 | 0.39 | 77.1 |
| 50 | 50 | 10 | 2 | 0.42 | 24.4 |
| 50 | 50 | 15 | 2 | 0.42 | 11.3 |
| 50 | 50 | 20 | 2 | 0.45 | 4.8 |
| 50 | 50 | 25 | 2 | 0.52 | 1.18 |
Table 2 adds the CCCW concrete and mixes the influence of agent to material ultimate compression strength
| Cement | Sand | Graphite | CCCW | Water/(cement+graphite) | Ultimate compression strength/MPa |
| 50 | 50 | 2.5 | 0 | 0.52 | 39.4 |
| 50 | 50 | 2.5 | 2 | 0.52 | 58.6 |
| 50 | 50 | 7.5 | 0 | 0.53 | 27.5 |
| 50 | 50 | 7.5 | 2 | 0.53 | 32.2 |
| 50 | 50 | 12.5 | 0 | 0.53 | 16.2 |
| 50 | 50 | 12.5 | 2 | 0.53 | 23.6 |
Claims (5)
1. a sensitive concrete contains the basic material of forming with silicate cement and sand, it is characterized in that the concrete that adds CCCW mixes the graphite sensitive concrete of mixing CCCW in agent and the graphite formation, and the quality proportioning of cement and sand is 1: 1; Other composition with respect to the per-cent of cement and sand total mass is: the concrete of CCCW mixes agent 1%～2%, graphite 5%～25%; Said graphite adopts the crystalline flake graphite of graphite purity>=97% and granularity≤0.071mm.
2. sensitive concrete according to claim 1, it is characterized in that other composition with respect to the per-cent of cement and sand total mass is: the CCCW concrete mixes agent 2%, graphite 15%.
3. the application of the said sensitive concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 2 is characterized in that this sensitive concrete is used to make the stress-strain sensing member.
4. application according to claim 3 is characterized in that the structure of said stress-strain sensing member is: said stress-strain sensing member is provided with two counter electrode, and electrode constitutes on the test block surface with the sliver-powder conducting glue brush, or adopts the wire netting sheet to be embedded in the test block; Test block is processed by sensitive concrete.
5. application according to claim 4 is characterized in that said stress-strain sensing member is the sensing member of concrete structure health monitoring, vehicle weighing.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2016116458A1 (en) | 2015-01-19 | 2016-07-28 | Kennwert RD GmbH | Electrical component having a sensor segment composed of concrete, method for producing same, and use of same |
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| CN105906259A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-31 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Co-doped scale graphite engineering cement-based composite conductive material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107422188B (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2023-11-17 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Resistivity measurement system and method for direct-current grounding electrode arm protection concrete |
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| CN101088954A (en) * | 2006-06-13 | 2007-12-19 | 瞿爱花 | Prepn process of hydrophobic fireproof heat-insulating material |
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| CN101088954A (en) * | 2006-06-13 | 2007-12-19 | 瞿爱花 | Prepn process of hydrophobic fireproof heat-insulating material |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016116458A1 (en) | 2015-01-19 | 2016-07-28 | Kennwert RD GmbH | Electrical component having a sensor segment composed of concrete, method for producing same, and use of same |
| DE102015100711A1 (en) | 2015-01-19 | 2016-08-04 | Kennwert RD GmbH | Electric component with a sensor section made of concrete, method for its production and its use |
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