CN101598654A - A kind of physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint - Google Patents
A kind of physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN101598654A CN101598654A CNA200910134201XA CN200910134201A CN101598654A CN 101598654 A CN101598654 A CN 101598654A CN A200910134201X A CNA200910134201X A CN A200910134201XA CN 200910134201 A CN200910134201 A CN 200910134201A CN 101598654 A CN101598654 A CN 101598654A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint, it is characterized in that: according to the symmetry of above-mentioned plastic deformation of friction welding joint, adopt a sample to do relative rotation or reciprocating linear motion, this sample is a research object, and plastic yield takes place in the process of the test; Another sample is a mating plate, and this sample mating plate has higher high temperature strength, and plastic yield does not take place in the process of the test substantially, and this sample only relatively moves under the axle pressure effect, is adjacent to the distortion sample.Implement soldering test under certain welding condition, the weldering latter two samples is in conjunction with very poor, and collision just can separate gently.Last only research distortion sample to save cost, is convenient to observation analysis etc.Beneficial effect and benefit be, adopts half research object, saves cost, is convenient to observe.Adopt existing welding gear, convenient and simple for operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint, this physical simulating method can be simulated the plastic metal flow behavior of spin friction weldering (comprising Continuous Drive Friction Welding, flywheel friction welding) and linear friction soldered joint effectively, discloses mobile generation condition of above-mentioned friction welding condition lower sub plastic metal and flowing law.
Background technology
Friction welding (FW) is under the axle pressure effect, utilize the heat of friction that relative rotation or linear movement produced between the workpiece contact end face to make contact interface and near zone thereof reach mecystasis, plastic metal is extruded the formation overlap under pressure, then rapid upset and finish a kind of solid phase connecting method of welding.Since qualified welding joint was really welded out in friction welding the 1950's, friction welding just was subjected to the attention of industrial powers because of the outstanding advantage of its high-quality, efficient, low consumption and environmental protection, obtain a large amount of research and application.There have been a large amount of reports to relate to the friction-welding technique research of typical material (aluminium alloy, stainless steel, aldary, titanium alloy, high temperature alloy, amorphous and some heterogeneous joints) and joint microstructure, performance characterization, also had on a small quantity number crunching about connector temperature field, stress-strain field.The interactional complex processes in aspect such as but above-mentioned friction welding is under strong heat-couple of force cooperation is used, and the temperature field forms development, stress-strain field develops and plastic metal forms, mobile.This just makes and adopts traditional test method and numerical simulation study to be difficult to the moulding metal flow behavior of the above-mentioned friction welded joint of announcement that the research error is bigger, still can not obtain satisfied result for plastic metal flow behavior in the friction welding process.
Study according to the plastic yield in traditional hot procedure, as roll, drawing, forging etc., plastic deformation flows and is subjected to the own performance impact of deformation temperature, strain rate, deformation extent and metal, work hardening takes place in the plastic flow process metal simultaneously and recovery and recrystallization is softening, and the flow stress in the hot procedure is kept relative stability.The hot physical simulation machine of general at present employing is studied the plastic yield behavior in the process of metal working.Therefore, the plastic deformation under the friction welding condition flows and to be subjected to the reciprocal effect of factors such as above-mentioned deformation temperature, strain rate, adds the non-linear of the hot physics of material, mechanical property, plastic deformation in the friction welding process is flowed present highly non-linear.On the other hand, the plastic metal of joint interface takes place to flow under the effect of inhomogeneous friction shear stress, be subjected to inhomogeneous work hardening and the dynamic recovery influence of crystallization again, add high strain rate and high cooling velocity under the friction welding condition, make that near the tissue the joint presents certain unevenness.But these above phenomenons also just provide the foundation for plastic deformation flow behavior under the PHYSICAL MODELING OF IN friction welding condition of the present invention.Still do not report at present and relate to the research of friction welding physical simulation experiment.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that solves
For fear of the deficiencies in the prior art part, the present invention proposes a kind of physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint, and this method adopts corresponding welding gear, and is easy and simple to handle, and controllability is good, and research effect is good, and cost is low.
Technical scheme
Basic thought of the present invention is: according to the symmetry of above-mentioned plastic deformation of friction welding joint, adopt a sample to do relative rotation or reciprocating linear motion, this sample is a research object, and plastic yield takes place in the process of the test; Another sample is a mating plate, and this sample mating plate has higher high temperature strength, and plastic yield does not take place in the process of the test substantially, and this sample only relatively moves under the axle pressure effect, is adjacent to the distortion sample.Implement soldering test under certain welding condition, the weldering latter two samples is in conjunction with very poor, and collision just can separate gently.Last only research distortion sample to save cost, is convenient to observation analysis etc.
A kind of physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint is characterized in that step is as follows:
Step 1: determine the antithesis sample material: when the fusing point of research object during less than 600 ℃, warm Materials with High Strength during the antithesis sample is selected for use; When research object fusing point during at 600 ℃～800 ℃, the antithesis sample is selected high-temperature alloy material for use; When research object fusing point during at 800 ℃～1500 ℃, the antithesis sample adopts the high strength at high temperature material; When the research object fusing point was higher than 1500 ℃, the antithesis sample was selected the dense ceramic material of sintering for use;
Step 2: the characteristic dimension of determining the antithesis sample: the characteristic dimension of spin friction weldering sample is the diameter of bar-shaped sample, is the length in rectangular specimen cross section and wide for the characteristic dimension of linear friction welding sample; The characteristic dimension of antithesis sample is 1.5～5 times of research object characteristic dimension;
Step 3: research object and antithesis sample are rotated friction welding or linear friction welding, recording unit technological parameter, and the axial displacement of on-line monitoring frictional interface temperature and antithesis sample;
Step 4: carry out the welding joint that the postwelding cooling obtains physical simulation after welding is finished.
Described interface temperature is the center of antithesis sample.
Described interface temperature is 2/3 place of bar-shaped radius of specimen, or 2/3 place of rectangular specimen distance center.
Described postwelding cooling: adopt air cooling for the research welding condition; Force cooling to adopt water-cooled for research, adopt cooled with liquid nitrogen for a certain moment tissue in the research friction welding (FW) process.
Described apparatus and process parameter is: the spin friction welding is workpiece rotational frequency and axle pressure, and the linear friction welding is vibration frequency, amplitude, axle pressure.
Warm Materials with High Strength is in described: tool steel, stainless steel, heat-resisting steel.
Described high temperature alloy is: nickel base superalloy, cobalt base superalloy.
Described high strength at high temperature is: molybdenum alloy, tungalloy, niobium alloy.
Described stupalith is: the compact aluminum oxide of sintering, zirconia, silit.
Beneficial effect
The physical simulating method beneficial effect and the benefit of plastic deformation of friction welding joint of the present invention are, utilize physical simulating method to study plastic metal flow behavior under the above-mentioned friction welding condition, produce condition for disclosing plastic flow, research plastic deformation flow process, quality control processes such as research overlap forming process, overlap pattern and defective mechanism of production are provided fundamental basis.Adopt half research object, save cost, be convenient to observe.Adopt existing welding gear, convenient and simple for operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is spin friction weldering sample and feature point for measuring temperature layout synoptic diagram;
(a) front elevation; (b) left view;
Fig. 2 is that linear friction welding sample and feature point for measuring temperature are arranged synoptic diagram;
(a) front elevation; (b) left view;
Fig. 3 is a photo in the welding process;
(a) before the two workpiece contact welding; When (b) welding;
Sample macro morphology (fraction time 3s) before and after Fig. 4 soldering test;
Fig. 5 fraction time is to axial shortening amount and the radially influence of recruitment.
Embodiment
Now in conjunction with the embodiments, accompanying drawing is further described the present invention:
Physical simulating method of the present invention, design alternative spin friction weldering or linear friction welding are analyzed research object by test design.Earlier determine antithesis sample material and definite specimen size according to research object; Adopt corresponding friction welding apparatus to weld, the recording unit technological parameter, the spin friction welding is workpiece rotational frequency and axle pressure, the linear friction welding is vibration frequency, amplitude, axle pressure, monitors frictional interface temperature and axial displacement simultaneously; Postwelding selects the type of cooling to carry out the joint cooling; Obtain joint at last.
See accompanying drawing 1 and Fig. 2, the physical simulating method of a kind of plastic deformation of friction welding joint of the present invention, the employing of frictional interface temperature monitoring is implanted armoured thermocouple and is carried out on the antithesis sample.For spin friction welding (Fig. 1), on the antithesis sample, bore two diameter 1mm inclined holes, one is arrived antithesis sample center, and another also can be as required at other location arrangements survey hole of thermocouple at 2/3 place of research object radius; For linear friction welding (Fig. 2), on the antithesis sample, bore two diameter 1mm inclined holes, one is arrived antithesis sample center, and another distance center 2/3 research object length place also can be as required at other location arrangements survey hole of thermocouple.
Adopt the different postwelding types of cooling then, obtain different joint microstructures; Air cooling is corresponding to general welding condition; Water-cooled can obtain quenching structure corresponding to forcing cooling; Cooled with liquid nitrogen can be freezed a certain moment tissue in the friction welding (FW) process, is used to analyze dynamic recrystallization etc.
Embodiment 1:
The deformational behavior of this case study linear friction soldered joint, at first selecting aluminium alloy is research object, the sampling stainless steel is the antithesis sample.The characteristic dimension of aluminium alloy is the square-section of 10mm * 17mm, specimen length 50mm; Because of aluminium alloy distortion amount is bigger, stainless characteristic dimension is 35mm * 60mm, and specimen length also is 50mm.Adopt linear friction welding machine to weld, vibration frequency 20Hz, amplitude 3mm, axle pressure 30MPa, fraction time 10s does not apply upset force.Adopt temperature measurer measuring center interface temperature (with reference to figure 2) simultaneously, the axial displacement of record sample.Postwelding adopts water-cooling pattern to make the aluminium alloy cool to room temperature.Whole process gained research object combines relatively poor with the antithesis sample, flip and can disconnect.Aluminum alloy joint produces a large amount of distortion, and overlap is serious.
Embodiment 2:
The 20# rod iron of diameter 20mm is a research object, and convenient for clamping, length is 150mm; Adopting the TZM molybdenum alloy bar of diameter 30mm is the antithesis sample, and convenient for clamping equally, length is 150mm.Adopt the Continuous Drive Friction Welding machine to test rolling clamp clamping 20# steel, mobile anchor clamps clamping molybdenum alloy (seeing accompanying drawing 3a); The friction test technological parameter: friction pressure 10kN, rotating speed 1200rpm, fraction time 3s, 5s and 7s, photo is seen accompanying drawing 3b in the friction process.Weld latter two workpiece and rap separately, research object adopts air cooling.Welding back antithesis sample does not deform, and obvious overlap takes place research object, and overlap shaping good (Fig. 4).Measure the macroscopic quantity (Fig. 5) of joint plastic yield, increasing axial shortening amount with fraction time all increases with recruitment radially, but linear extrapolation is during to 0s, two parameters be on the occasion of, it is non-linear to have shown that friction welding initial stage overlap forms.
Claims (9)
1. the physical simulating method of a plastic deformation of friction welding joint is characterized in that step is as follows:
Step 1: determine the antithesis sample material: when the fusing point of research object during less than 600 ℃, warm Materials with High Strength during the antithesis sample is selected for use; When research object fusing point during at 600 ℃～800 ℃, the antithesis sample is selected high-temperature alloy material for use; When research object fusing point during at 800 ℃～1500 ℃, the antithesis sample adopts the high strength at high temperature material; When the research object fusing point was higher than 1500 ℃, the antithesis sample was selected the dense ceramic material of sintering for use;
Step 2: the characteristic dimension of determining the antithesis sample: the characteristic dimension of spin friction weldering sample is the diameter of bar-shaped sample, is the length in rectangular specimen cross section and wide for the characteristic dimension of linear friction welding sample; The characteristic dimension of antithesis sample is 1.5～5 times of research object characteristic dimension;
Step 3: research object and antithesis sample are rotated friction welding or linear friction welding, recording unit technological parameter, and the axial displacement of on-line monitoring frictional interface temperature and antithesis sample;
Step 4: carry out the welding joint that the postwelding cooling obtains physical simulation after welding is finished.
2. the physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described interface temperature is the center of antithesis sample.
3. the physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described interface temperature is 2/3 place of bar-shaped radius of specimen, or 2/3 place of rectangular specimen distance center.
4. the physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described postwelding cooling: adopt air cooling for the research welding condition; Force cooling to adopt water-cooled for research, adopt cooled with liquid nitrogen for a certain moment tissue in the research friction welding (FW) process.
5. the physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described apparatus and process parameter is: the spin friction welding is workpiece rotational frequency and axle pressure, and the linear friction welding is vibration frequency, amplitude, axle pressure.
6. the physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: warm Materials with High Strength is in described: tool steel, stainless steel, heat-resisting steel.
7. the physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high temperature alloy is: nickel base superalloy, cobalt base superalloy.
8. the physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high strength at high temperature is: molybdenum alloy, tungalloy, niobium alloy.
9. the physical simulating method of plastic deformation of friction welding joint according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stupalith is: the compact aluminum oxide of sintering, zirconia, silit.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102152016A (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-17 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Method for simulation of welding distortion |
| CN102284783A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2011-12-21 | 西北工业大学 | Inertia friction welding physical simulation test device |
| CN102528269A (en) * | 2011-12-11 | 2012-07-04 | 西北工业大学 | Physical simulation test device for linear friction welding |
| CN106885726A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-23 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for connecting multi-axis large-deformation sample with thermocouple |
| CN107570861A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-01-12 | 重庆电子工程职业学院 | A kind of detection characterizing method of stir friction welding seam metal plastic flowing feature |
| CN108489654A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-09-04 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of spin friction weldering frictional interface part positive pressure force measuring device and measurement method |
| CN110807274A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-02-18 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | Deform-based numerical simulation method for continuous friction welding weak specification |
| CN111639448A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-09-08 | 西北工业大学 | Linear friction welding numerical simulation method introducing initial defects |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6447866B1 (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2002-09-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | Frictionally welded thermoplastic articles having improved strength |
| JP2003311437A (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2003-11-05 | Fuji Oozx Inc | Friction welding equipment |
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2009
- 2009-04-01 CN CN200910134201XA patent/CN101598654B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102152016A (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-17 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Method for simulation of welding distortion |
| CN102284783A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2011-12-21 | 西北工业大学 | Inertia friction welding physical simulation test device |
| CN102284783B (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2013-06-19 | 西北工业大学 | Inertia friction welding physical simulation test device |
| CN102528269A (en) * | 2011-12-11 | 2012-07-04 | 西北工业大学 | Physical simulation test device for linear friction welding |
| CN102528269B (en) * | 2011-12-11 | 2013-12-25 | 西北工业大学 | Physical simulation test device for linear friction welding |
| CN106885726A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-23 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for connecting multi-axis large-deformation sample with thermocouple |
| CN107570861A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-01-12 | 重庆电子工程职业学院 | A kind of detection characterizing method of stir friction welding seam metal plastic flowing feature |
| CN108489654A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-09-04 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of spin friction weldering frictional interface part positive pressure force measuring device and measurement method |
| CN110807274A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-02-18 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | Deform-based numerical simulation method for continuous friction welding weak specification |
| CN111639448A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-09-08 | 西北工业大学 | Linear friction welding numerical simulation method introducing initial defects |
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| CN101598654B (en) | 2010-12-01 |
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