Background technology
Stachyose is the naturally occurring functional oligose that can significantly promote human intestinal profitable strain propagation in the Labiatae betony, is described as " natural superpower bifidus factor ".The stachyose structure is clear and definite, molecular formula C
24H
42O
21, molecular weight 666.59, it is made up of fructose, glucose, semi-lactosi, semi-lactosi polymerization, and simple structural table is shown fructose-Glucose-Galactose-semi-lactosi.
The stachyose product is nearly product innovation that developed in 10 years, it be a kind of be the carbohydrate admixture of main component with the stachyose.The technology of extracting the stachyose product from raw materials such as Rhizome of Bear's-foot Fern is ripe, and the product stachyose content (accounting for total reducing sugar) that can provide in the market is about 70%.
The stachyose preparation technology that mentions in read up the literature " research that stachyose prepares gordian technique " be physical method, final gained stachyose content is up to 73.10%, mono-and di-saccharides content reaches 15%, and its extracting method and the product purity that obtains are all different with microbial method purified water threose from natural phant with final yield.Raw material, extracting method, the product purity that obtains and final yield that document " extraction and separation process of oligosaccharides research in the glutinous rehmannia " is adopted are all different with microbial method purified water threose from natural phant.Document " PURIFICATION OF SOYA OLIGOSACCHARIDE BY FERMENTATION " reaches used bacterial classification in " research of producing high activity soybean oligosaccharide by lactic acid bacteria fermentation method ", raw material is different with microbial method purified water threose from natural phant, and final gained stachyose purity and yield are also different.
The patent of looking into " based on the raffinose family oligose and the production method (application number 200510071045.9) thereof of stachyose ", to the effect that to glutinous rehmannia, Rhizome of Bear's-foot Fern, the water extracts of plants such as bamboo shoot cooperate clarify and decolorize with chitosan and gac, the 1-4 group is carried out desalination because of Zeo-karb cooperates, and finally obtaining stachyose content is 62-71%.Patent " a kind of method (application number 01109692.6) of utilizing gestumor piece root to produce two qi factor oligose " relates to utilizes gestumor for after raw material carries through water, again through remove slag, removal of impurities, decolouring, filtration, refining, concentrate and technological process such as spraying drying makes Icing Sugar, wherein stachyose content is about 75%.Patent " method of Nanofiltering membrane purifying soybean oligosaccharide (application number 01101966.2) " is mentioned the soybean whey water behind the separation soybean whey protein is handled with nanofiltration membrane, slough salt wherein, the content of stachyose and raffinose in the raising soybean oligosaccharide.More than several stachyose extraction processes all adopted physical method, gained stachyose purity and functional ingredient retention rate with utilize microbe fermentation method purified water threose from natural phant all different.
Extract stachyose with water as solvent from plant, the component of various solubilities is all dissolved in the water in the plant, comprises various carbohydrates (monose, disaccharide, trisaccharide, tetrose etc.) and soluble protein, various organic acid, inorganic salt etc.Existing extracting method is by precipitation, decolouring, ion-exchange, membrane filtration etc., can drop to minimum level to protein, organic acid, inorganic salt content, but the carbohydrate of various solubilities has been retained substantially.Be raw material with Rhizome of Bear's-foot Fern for example, the content of former product stachyose (accounts for total reducing sugar) about 70%.
Through data check, with Rhizome of Bear's-foot Fern etc. is raw material, pass through microbial fermentation, remove the single, double sugar component in the extracting solution, reservation function polysaccharide stachyose and the relevant technology that the content of the finished product stachyose is reached 85% or more had not both seen that having relevant patent to come out did not see that this series products sale is arranged on the market yet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of preparation method of high purity stachyose is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is summarized as follows:
A kind of preparation method of high purity stachyose is characterized in that being made up of following steps:
(1) squeeze the juice: in mass ratio is 1: the ratio of 3-6, drying stachys sieboldii miq or argentate strip are added water in 60 ℃ of-90 ℃ of lixiviates 0.5 hour-1.5 hours, squeeze the juice, get residue, add 1-3 doubly to 0.5 hour-1.5 hours multiple press for extracting juicees of 60 ℃ of-90 ℃ of lixiviates of water of residue quality, mix and squeeze the juice for twice;
(2) fermentation: in mass ratio is 1000: (2-6): (2-4): (0.4-1): ratio (0.3-1.5), will squeeze the juice, yeast extract paste, casein peptone, K
2HPO
4, lime carbonate mixes, sterilization is cooled to behind the normal temperature in the ratio of 1L: 10-30ml: 1-4g, adding spore concentration in mixed solution is 2*10
8The aspergillus suspension of individual/ml and milk-acid bacteria, 20-30 ℃ of constant temperature leaves standstill to be cultivated 40 hours-50 hours, and 35-42 ℃ of constant temperature leaves standstill and cultivated 15 hours-25 hours again, stops fermentation, get fermented liquid, the mass content that its stachyose accounts for total reducing sugar rises to 80-90% by the preceding 50-75% of fermentation;
(3) removal of impurities: described fermented liquid is warming up to 100-121 ℃, heated 15-30 minute, disgorging filters, and in the ratio of 5-12g: 1L finings calcium hydroxide is joined in the filtrate, gets supernatant liquor;
(4) decolouring: in the ratio of 1L: 4-10g, in supernatant liquor, add gac, be heated to 60-90 ℃, decoloured 30-60 minute, remove by filter gac;
(5) desalination: the liquid after will decolouring passes through Zeo-karb, anionite-exchange resin successively, obtains refining liquid glucose;
(6) concentrated and dry: with described refining liquid glucose filtering with microporous membrane, at 45-75 ℃ of vacuum concentration, drying obtains a kind of high purity stachyose.
Described step (1) is preferably: in mass ratio is 1: 4 ratio, and drying stachys sieboldii miq or argentate strip are added water in 80 ℃ of lixiviates 1 hour, squeezes the juice, and gets residue, adds 2 times of 1 hour multiple press for extracting juicees of 80 ℃ of lixiviates of water to the residue quality, mixes and squeezes the juice for twice.
Described step (2) is preferably: in mass ratio is 1000: 4: 3: 0.8: 1 ratio, will squeeze the juice, yeast extract paste, casein peptone, K
2HPO
4, lime carbonate mixes, sterilization is cooled to behind the normal temperature in the ratio of 1L: 20ml: 2g, adding spore concentration in mixed solution is 2*10
8The aspergillus suspension of individual/ml and milk-acid bacteria, 25 ℃ of constant temperature leave standstill to be cultivated 47 hours, and 39 ℃ of constant temperature leave standstill and cultivated 21 hours again, stop fermentation, get fermented liquid.
Described step (3) is preferably: described fermented liquid is warming up to 121 ℃, heated 20 minutes, disgorging filters, and in the ratio of 8g: 1L finings calcium hydroxide is joined in the filtrate, gets supernatant liquor.
Described step (4) is preferably: in the ratio of 1L: 7g, add gac in supernatant liquor, be heated to 80 ℃, decoloured 40 minutes, remove by filter gac.
The singularity that the present invention utilizes microorganism that different " carbon source " utilized, pass through microbial fermentation, make it utilize monose, disaccharide component in the extracting solution, and by the control technological condition for fermentation, compositions such as the monose in the removal extracting solution, disaccharide, reservation function polysaccharide component, thereby improved the ratio of stachyose in the extracting solution, the existing extraction and separation technology of combination water threose, the finished product stachyose content reaches more than 85%, reaches advanced world standards.Improve the utility value of raw materials such as Rhizome of Bear's-foot Fern, argentate strip, can increase peasant's income, created high social.Mono-and di-saccharides content is extremely low in the high purity stachyose, has enlarged the crowd that benefits from and the Application Areas of product.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of high purity stachyose, be made up of following steps:
(1) squeeze the juice: in mass ratio is 1: 4 ratio, and drying stachys sieboldii miq is added water in 80 ℃ of lixiviates 1 hour, squeezes the juice, and gets residue, adds 2 times of 1 hour multiple press for extracting juicees of 80 ℃ of lixiviates of water to the residue quality, mixes and squeezes the juice for twice;
(2) fermentation: in mass ratio is 1000: 4: 3: 0.8: 1 ratio, will squeeze the juice, yeast extract paste, casein peptone, K
2HPO
4, lime carbonate mixes, sterilization is cooled to behind the normal temperature in the ratio of 1L: 20ml: 2g, adding spore concentration in mixed solution is 2*10
8The aspergillus suspension of individual/ml and milk-acid bacteria, 25 ℃ of constant temperature leave standstill cultivation 47 hours, and 39 ℃ of constant temperature leave standstill and cultivated 21 hours again, stop fermentation, get fermented liquid, and the mass content that its stachyose accounts for total reducing sugar rises to 86% by 74% before fermenting;
(3) removal of impurities: described fermented liquid is warming up to 121 ℃, heated 20 minutes, disgorging filters, and in the ratio of 8g: 1L finings calcium hydroxide is joined in the filtrate, gets supernatant liquor;
(4) decolouring: in the ratio of 1L: 7g, in supernatant liquor, add gac, be heated to 80 ℃, decoloured 40 minutes, remove by filter gac;
(5) desalination: the liquid after will decolouring passes through Zeo-karb, anionite-exchange resin successively, obtains refining liquid glucose;
(6) concentrated and dry: with described refining liquid glucose filtering with microporous membrane, at 45 ℃ of vacuum concentration, drying obtains a kind of high purity stachyose, and purity is 86% (accounting for total reducing sugar w/w).
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of high purity stachyose, be made up of following steps:
(1) squeeze the juice: in mass ratio is 1: 3 ratio, and dry argentate strip is added water in 60 ℃ of lixiviates 0.5 hour, squeezes the juice, and gets residue, adds 3 times of 1.5 hours multiple press for extracting juicees of 90 ℃ of lixiviates of water to the residue quality, mixes and squeezes the juice for twice;
(2) fermentation: in mass ratio is 1000: 2: 3: 1: 1 ratio, will squeeze the juice, yeast extract paste, casein peptone, K
2HPO
4, lime carbonate mixes, sterilization is cooled to behind the normal temperature in the ratio of 1L: 20ml: 3g, adding spore concentration in mixed solution is 2*10
8The aspergillus suspension of individual/ml and milk-acid bacteria, 23 ℃ of constant temperature leave standstill cultivation 49 hours, and 37 ℃ of constant temperature leave standstill and cultivated 25 hours again, stop fermentation, get fermented liquid, and the mass content that its stachyose accounts for total reducing sugar rises to 85% by 74% before fermenting;
(3) removal of impurities: described fermented liquid is warming up to 100 ℃, heated 30 minutes, disgorging filters, and in the ratio of 7g: 1L finings calcium hydroxide is joined in the filtrate, gets supernatant liquor;
(4) decolouring: in the ratio of 1L: 6g, in supernatant liquor, add gac, be heated to 80 ℃, decoloured 40 minutes, remove by filter gac;
(5) desalination: the liquid after will decolouring passes through Zeo-karb, anionite-exchange resin successively, obtains refining liquid glucose;
(6) concentrated and dry: with described refining liquid glucose filtering with microporous membrane, at 65 ℃ of vacuum concentration, drying obtains a kind of high purity stachyose, and its purity is 85% (accounting for total reducing sugar w/w).
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of high purity stachyose, be made up of following steps:
(1) squeeze the juice: in mass ratio is 1: 6 ratio, and drying stachys sieboldii miq is added water in 90 ℃ of lixiviates 1.5 hours, squeezes the juice, and gets residue, adds 1 times of 0.5 hour multiple press for extracting juice of 60 ℃ of lixiviates of water to the residue quality, mixes and squeezes the juice for twice;
(2) fermentation: in mass ratio is 1000: 6: 2: 0.4: 0.3 ratio, will squeeze the juice, yeast extract paste, casein peptone, K
2HPO
4, lime carbonate mixes, sterilization is cooled to behind the normal temperature in the ratio of 1L: 10ml: 1g, adding spore concentration in mixed solution is 2*10
8The aspergillus suspension of individual/ml and milk-acid bacteria, 28 ℃ of constant temperature leave standstill cultivation 45 hours, and 42 ℃ of constant temperature leave standstill and cultivated 17 hours again, stop fermentation, get fermented liquid, and the mass content that its stachyose accounts for total reducing sugar rises to 90% by 74% before fermenting;
(3) removal of impurities: described fermented liquid is warming up to 121 ℃, heated 15 minutes, disgorging filters, and in the ratio of 12g: 1L finings calcium hydroxide is joined in the filtrate, gets supernatant liquor;
(4) decolouring: in the ratio of 1L: 4g, in supernatant liquor, add gac, be heated to 60 ℃, decoloured 60 minutes, remove by filter gac;
(5) desalination: the liquid after will decolouring passes through Zeo-karb, anionite-exchange resin successively, obtains refining liquid glucose;
(6) concentrated and dry: with described refining liquid glucose filtering with microporous membrane, at 75 ℃ of vacuum concentration, drying obtains a kind of high purity stachyose, and its purity is 90% (accounting for total reducing sugar w/w).
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of high purity stachyose, be made up of following steps:
(1) squeeze the juice: in mass ratio is 1: 5 ratio, and dry argentate strip is added water in 70 ℃ of lixiviates 1.2 hours, squeezes the juice, and gets residue, adds 2 times of 1.0 hours multiple press for extracting juicees of 80 ℃ of lixiviates of water to the residue quality, mixes and squeezes the juice for twice;
(2) fermentation: in mass ratio is 1000: 4: 4: 0.8: 1.5 ratio, will squeeze the juice, yeast extract paste, casein peptone, K
2HPO
4, lime carbonate mixes, sterilization is cooled to behind the normal temperature in the ratio of 1L: 30ml: 4g, adding spore concentration in mixed solution is 2*10
8The aspergillus suspension of individual/ml and milk-acid bacteria, 25 ℃ of constant temperature leave standstill cultivation 46 hours, and 42 ℃ of constant temperature leave standstill and cultivated 20 hours again, stop fermentation, get fermented liquid, and the mass content that its stachyose accounts for total reducing sugar rises to 87% by 74% before fermenting;
(3) removal of impurities: described fermented liquid is warming up to 119 ℃, heated 20 minutes, disgorging filters, and in the ratio of 5g: 1L finings calcium hydroxide is joined in the filtrate, gets supernatant liquor;
(4) decolouring: in the ratio of 1L: 10g, in supernatant liquor, add gac, be heated to 90 ℃, decoloured 30 minutes, remove by filter gac;
(5) desalination: the liquid after will decolouring passes through Zeo-karb, anionite-exchange resin successively, obtains refining liquid glucose; (6) concentrated and dry: with described refining liquid glucose filtering with microporous membrane, at 55 ℃ of vacuum concentration, drying obtains a kind of high purity stachyose, and its purity is 87% (accounting for total reducing sugar w/w).
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of high purity stachyose, be made up of following steps:
(1) squeezes the juice: add 80 ℃ of hot dippings of 4L water after 1000g hay cadbait is cleaned and carry 1 hour, get residue after squeezing the juice and add 2 times of 80 ℃ of hot dippings of water and carry 1 hour multiple press for extracting juice, mix and squeeze the juice for twice to the residue quality;
(2) fermentation: in mass ratio is 1000: 4: 4: 0.8: 1.5 ratio, will squeeze the juice, yeast extract paste, casein peptone, K
2HPO
4, lime carbonate mixes, sterilization is cooled to behind the normal temperature in the ratio of 1L: 20ml: 2g, adding spore concentration in mixed solution is 2*10
8The aspergillus suspension of individual/ml and milk-acid bacteria are put into 25 ℃ of thermostat containers earlier and leave standstill cultivation 45 hours, put into 39 ℃ of thermostat containers again and leave standstill cultivation 20 hours, get fermented liquid, and the mass content that its stachyose accounts for total reducing sugar rises to 85.7% by 74.2% before fermenting;
(3) removal of impurities: described fermented liquid is warming up to 115 ℃, heated 20 minutes, disgorging filters, and in the ratio of 5g: 1L finings calcium hydroxide is joined in the filtrate, gets supernatant liquor;
(4) decolouring: in the ratio of 1L: 10g, in supernatant liquor, add gac, be heated to 90 ℃, decoloured 30 minutes, remove by filter gac;
(5) desalination: the liquid after will decolouring passes through Zeo-karb, anionite-exchange resin successively, obtains refining liquid glucose;
(6) concentrated and dry: with described refining liquid glucose filtering with microporous membrane, at 60 ℃ of vacuum concentration, drying obtains a kind of high purity stachyose, and its purity is 85.7% (accounting for total reducing sugar w/w).See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
Sugar/% |
Fructose |
Glucose |
Sucrose |
Maltose |
Raffinose |
Mannotriose |
Stachyose |
Verbascose |
Before the fermentation |
- |
0.78 |
11.9 |
0.54 |
4.68 |
0.63 |
74.2 |
2.12 |
After the fermentation |
0.50 |
0.49 |
2.10 |
0.53 |
4.99 |
0.78 |
85.7 |
2.25 |
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of high purity stachyose, following steps are formed:
(1) squeezes the juice: add 80 ℃ of hot dippings of 4L water after 1000g hay cadbait is cleaned and carry 1 hour, get residue after squeezing the juice and add 2 times of 80 ℃ of hot dippings of water and carry 1 hour multiple press for extracting juice, mix and squeeze the juice for twice to the residue quality;
(2) fermentation: in mass ratio is 1000: 4: 3: 1: 1.5 ratio, will squeeze the juice, yeast extract paste, casein peptone, K
2HPO
4, lime carbonate mixes, sterilization is cooled to behind the normal temperature in the ratio of 1L: 25ml: 2g, adding spore concentration in mixed solution is 2*10
8The aspergillus suspension of individual/ml and milk-acid bacteria, 30 ℃ of constant temperature leave standstill cultivation 40 hours, and 35 constant temperature leave standstill and cultivated 25 hours again, stop fermentation, get fermented liquid, and the mass content that its stachyose accounts for total reducing sugar rises to 80% by 50% before fermenting;
(3) removal of impurities: described fermented liquid is warming up to 121 ℃, heated 15 minutes, disgorging filters, and in the ratio of 12g: 1L finings calcium hydroxide is joined in the filtrate, gets supernatant liquor;
(4) decolouring: in the ratio of 1L: 8g, in supernatant liquor, add gac, be heated to 80 ℃, decoloured 40 minutes, remove by filter gac;
(5) desalination: the liquid after will decolouring passes through Zeo-karb, anionite-exchange resin successively, obtains refining liquid glucose;
(6) concentrated and dry: with described refining liquid glucose filtering with microporous membrane, at 45 ℃ of vacuum concentration, drying obtains a kind of high purity stachyose.
Embodiment 7
A kind of preparation method of high purity stachyose, following steps are formed:
(1) squeezes the juice: add 80 ℃ of hot dippings of 4L water after 1000g hay cadbait is cleaned and carry 1 hour, get residue after squeezing the juice and add 2 times of 80 ℃ of hot dippings of water and carry 1 hour multiple press for extracting juice, mix and squeeze the juice for twice to the residue quality;
(2) fermentation: in mass ratio is 1000: 4: 3: 1: 1.5 ratio, will squeeze the juice, yeast extract paste, casein peptone, K
2HPO
4, lime carbonate mixes, sterilization is cooled to behind the normal temperature in the ratio of 1L: 25ml: 2g, adding spore concentration in mixed solution is 2*10
8The aspergillus suspension of individual/ml and milk-acid bacteria, 20 ℃ of constant temperature leave standstill cultivation 50 hours, and 42 ℃ of constant temperature leave standstill and cultivated 15 hours again, stop fermentation, get fermented liquid, and the mass content that its stachyose accounts for total reducing sugar rises to 84% by 55% before fermenting; (3) removal of impurities: described fermented liquid is warming up to 121 ℃, heated 15 minutes, disgorging filters, and in the ratio of 8g: 1L finings calcium hydroxide is joined in the filtrate, gets supernatant liquor;
(4) decolouring: in the ratio of 1L: 8g, in supernatant liquor, add gac, be heated to 70 ℃, decoloured 40 minutes, remove by filter gac;
(5) desalination: the liquid after will decolouring passes through Zeo-karb, anionite-exchange resin successively, obtains refining liquid glucose;
(6) concentrated and dry: with described refining liquid glucose filtering with microporous membrane, at 45 ℃ of vacuum concentration, drying obtains a kind of high purity stachyose.