CN101592934A - The communication means of programmable logic controller (PLC) and expansion module - Google Patents
The communication means of programmable logic controller (PLC) and expansion module Download PDFInfo
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- CN101592934A CN101592934A CNA2009100541571A CN200910054157A CN101592934A CN 101592934 A CN101592934 A CN 101592934A CN A2009100541571 A CNA2009100541571 A CN A2009100541571A CN 200910054157 A CN200910054157 A CN 200910054157A CN 101592934 A CN101592934 A CN 101592934A
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Abstract
The invention provides the communication means of a kind of programmable logic controller (PLC) and expansion module, I/O refresh data frame and acyclic status data frame by communication protocol state machine controller and I/O Flushing status machine controller recognition cycle, when identifying the acyclic status data frame that sends, can give notice with the status data frame that requires the response of I/O Flushing status machine controller to receive to I/O Flushing status machine controller immediately; Identify send be I/O refresh data frame the time, can carry out reading and writing data from dynamic response, alleviate the burden of I/O Flushing status machine controller, improve communication speed and communication efficiency; Simultaneously, adopt null modem cable to connect, lead-in wire is few, and cost is very low, saves means of production resource, realizes purpose of the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of programmable logic controller (PLC) (Programmable Logical Controller, communication means PLC), the communication means of particularly a kind of programmable logic controller (PLC) and expansion module.
Background technology
Programmable logic controller (PLC) (Programmable Logical Controller, PLC) be a kind ofly input signal to be provided and to carry out the electronic installation that user program is controlled output signal and mechanical action, the I/O number of terminals of existing programmable logic controller (PLC) main frame is all fixed, when needs are expanded more I/O terminal, just need to increase various expansion modules to increase the I/O number of terminals.
The mode that existing programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC generally adopts programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame to add expansion module constitutes, the connected mode of expansion module has the backboard connection to be connected two kinds step by step with the side, because connecting, backboard takies more hardware resource, installing space is big, the cost height, just be applied in large-scale programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC, small-sized programmable logic controller PLC does not generally adopt this mode; And the ways of connecting cost is low step by step in the side, and wiring is flexible, and this structure usually is used in medium and small programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC.
Because programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame is arbitrarily with being connected of expansion module, programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame must be known the expansion module address number of connection and the expansion module that type could be visited correspondence.In existing technology, have and adopt fixed form that expansion module is addressed, generally on expansion module, there is the dial-up of an address setting to set the address of expansion module, also have and adopt many address wires to transmit the mode of addresses.
As the Chinese patent publication number is the patent of invention of CN1936744A, a kind of programmable logic controller (PLC), its expansion module and its hard ware extension method are disclosed, adopt many address wires step by step backward level transmit the address, when address assignment, the prime expansion module with the address backward a level mode of progressively increasing step by step distribute automatically, the address of back level expansion module is provided by the previous stage expansion module, in the process of data communication, the expansion module that programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame will be communicated by letter by set of address lines selection sends order and data by data line again.Select for use a set of address lines to come the mode of transport address, dumb on hardware design, the maximum quantity of address wire has just determined the maximum quantity of expansion module, different programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame types is because the quantity difference of address wire causes hard stube cable line number possibility different, and the cable that causes the side to connect is not general; And this mode still transmission address, order and the data of timesharing in essence, address wire walks abreast, and antijamming capability is relatively poor, therefore selects for use the mode of a set of address lines also to have bigger shortcoming.The mode that adopts dial-up to set the address is in addition used dumb, and change expansion module order or quantity all needs to reset address, inefficiency at every turn.
And for example, the Chinese patent publication number is the patent of invention of CN1920803A, disclosing a kind of communication interface comprises and communicates by letter with expansion module so that read and write the processor of discrete I/O, analog input/output, intelligent object control and expansion module state, adopt the serial communication mode of special-purpose ASIC also to exist the serial communication lead-in wire many, need special-purpose single-chip microcomputer collocation ASIC could realize the function of expansion module, cause the use cost of expansion module higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the communication means of a kind of programmable logic controller (PLC) and expansion module, at existing defective under the PLC expansion module connection situation step by step in the prior art, can realize the expansion module that connects is carried out the input and output refresh function of address setting, address lookup, type identification and data, guarantee that simultaneously expansion module can be general for different PLC main frames.
Technical matters solved by the invention can realize by the following technical solutions:
The communication means of a kind of programmable logic controller (PLC) and expansion module, it is characterized in that, the connected mode that adopts the side to be connected step by step by null modem cable between described programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame and the described expansion module is connected to each other, described expansion module is discerned the acyclic status data frame that described programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame sends by the communication protocol state machine controller, gives notice with the status data frame that requires the response of I/O Flushing status machine controller to receive to I/O Flushing status machine controller; Described expansion module identifies the I/O refresh data frame that described programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame sends by I/O Flushing status machine controller, carries out reading and writing data from dynamic response.
In one embodiment of the invention, described null modem cable comprises host data output signal line MOSI, host data input signal cable MISO, serial clock signal line SCLK and slave selection signal wire SSEL, under the effect of clock signal, can transmit serial data simultaneously by null modem cable between described programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame and the described expansion module, general character efficient height.
In one embodiment of the invention, described communication protocol state machine controller is that (CPLD/FPGA) realizes in the complex programmable gate circuit of a slice employing hardware description language design.
In one embodiment of the invention, described communication protocol state machine controller is supported communication frame verification and error detection function, strengthens the reliability of communication.
In one embodiment of the invention, described I/O Flushing status machine controller is the chip microcontroller by special use, also can be the sequential circuit of selecting hardware description language design for use, the physics of being responsible for the I/O data refreshes and the response of status data frame that described expansion module is received.
In one embodiment of the invention, comprehensively (CPLD/FPGA) realization in a slice complex programmable gate circuit after described communication protocol state machine controller and I/O Flushing status machine controller design by hardware language.
In one embodiment of the invention, each described expansion module can be forbidden the communication of next stage expansion module when detecting described programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main-machine communication fault or rebuilding communication link, has strengthened the reliability that communication failure detects.
In one embodiment of the invention, described expansion module can off-line when faults itself and is not influenced other described expansion module work.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the connected mode that adopts the side to be connected step by step by null modem cable between programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame and the described expansion module is connected to each other, solved the versatility problem that PLC product expansion module connects, expansion module can be used for different programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC; The traffic rate that the serial communication technology support is higher, antijamming capability is strong, has greatly improved the real-time performance of communication; Null modem cable selects for use identical specification can guarantee the versatility of expansion module for different programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC; Each expansion module can be forbidden the communication of next stage expansion module when detecting the main-machine communication fault or rebuilding communication link, strengthened the reliability that communication failure detects; Expansion module can off-line when faults itself and is not influenced other expansion module work.
The communication means of a kind of programmable logic controller (PLC) of the present invention and expansion module, I/O refresh data frame and acyclic status data frame by communication protocol state machine controller and I/O Flushing status machine controller recognition cycle, when identifying the acyclic status data frame that sends, can give notice with the status data frame that requires the response of I/O Flushing status machine controller to receive to I/O Flushing status machine controller immediately; Identify send be I/O refresh data frame the time, can carry out reading and writing data from dynamic response, alleviate the burden of I/O Flushing status machine controller, improve communication speed and communication efficiency; Simultaneously, adopt null modem cable to connect, lead-in wire is few, and cost is very low, saves means of production resource, realizes purpose of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that PLC main frame of the present invention is connected with expansion module;
The internal frame diagram that Fig. 2 is connected step by step for PLC main frame of the present invention and expansion module;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of PLC main frame of the present invention and expansion module communications data frame command format;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of each byte data transmitted waveform form of expansion module communication frame of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of communication protocol state machine controller state exchange of the present invention.
Embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, further set forth the present invention.
Embodiment
The communication means of programmable logic controller (PLC) of the present invention and expansion module, the connected mode that adopts the side to be connected step by step by null modem cable between programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 and the expansion module 2 is connected to each other, expansion module 2 is given notice with the status data frame that requires 22 responses of I/O Flushing status machine controller to receive to I/O Flushing status machine controller 22 by the acyclic status data frame that communication protocol state machine controller 21 identification programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frames 1 send; Expansion module 2 identifies the I/O refresh data frame that programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 sends by I/O Flushing status machine controller 22, carries out reading and writing data from dynamic response.
As shown in Figure 1, the structural representation of the PLC system that constitutes according to the communication means of programmable logic controller (PLC) of the present invention and expansion module; Wherein, programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 is interconnected with the connected mode that adopts the side to connect step by step by null modem cable between a plurality of expansion modules 2, and for the PLC system, expansion module 2 can not have or be a plurality of.
As shown in Figure 2, described null modem cable comprises host data output signal line MOSI, host data input signal cable MISO, serial clock signal line SCLK and slave selection signal wire SSEL, under the effect of clock signal, can transmit serial data simultaneously by null modem cable between described programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame and the described expansion module, general character efficient height.
Programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 will be set the address of expansion module 2 in the starting stage that powers on, and upper level expansion module 2 is not before self address also configures, and the next stage slave selects signal with forbidden energy; When just powering on, programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 is carried out the process of once setting the address, programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 selects signal to be changed to effectively slave, but has only this moment the first order expansion module 2 of the most close programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 can receive the communication frame of programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1.
Sent at programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 after the order of setting address, the module's address of expansion module 2 is set success, the slave that expansion module 2 selects the slave of main frame signal SSEL to be communicated to next expansion module 2 is selected signal SSEL, and programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 just can be set the address of next expansion module 2 at this moment; After all slave addresses all were set, programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 just can be visited the module type of slave successively, carried out I/O according to the module type of slave again and refreshed; When expansion module 2 detects communication line fault or programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 and sends the request of cancelling communication link, select signal SSEL to be changed to the forbidden energy attitude next stage slave, the expansion module 2 that connects may be different in the response speed to fault detect, but when slave selects signal SSEL to be forbidden energy, all can stop communication immediately, can guarantee the safety of communication line.
In the present invention, the connected mode that adopts the side to be connected step by step by null modem cable between programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 and the expansion module 2 is interconnected, its serial communication protocol is custom-designed, the Frame command format that programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 is communicated by letter with expansion module 2 is referring to shown in Figure 3, the command definition that programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 sends is as shown in table 1, and the transmission waveform of each byte is referring to shown in Figure 4.
Table 1 is the concrete definition of each order of PLC main frame
In the present invention, communication protocol state machine controller 21 is that (CPLD/FPGA) realizes in the complex programmable gate circuit of a slice employing hardware description language design; Communication protocol state machine controller 21 is supported communication frame verification and error detection function, strengthens the reliability of communication.I/O Flushing status machine controller 22 is the chip microcontroller by special use, also can be the sequential circuit of selecting hardware description language design for use, and the physics of being responsible for the I/O data refreshes and the response of status data frame that expansion module 2 is received.Also can comprehensively (CPLD/FPGA) realization in a slice complex programmable gate circuit after communication protocol state machine controller 21 and I/O Flushing status machine controller 22 design by hardware language.
As shown in Figure 5, the communication protocol state machine controller 21 of expansion module 2 is in initial state when powering on, and this moment, the address of expansion module 2 did not also configure.When the upper level slave selected signal SSEL effective, the Data Receiving function was opened.Communication protocol state machine controller 21 is constantly analyzed the Frames that receive, if Frame is complete, and verification and correctly then forward I/O refresh data and status data response status to according to the command context of Frame.After reply data was finished, slave was got back to Idle state again.If communication failure has taken place or programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame 1 sends under the situation of the request of cancelling communication link at Idle state, has forwarded initial state to.
Among the present invention, the address of expansion module 2 selects for use the binary digit of 6 bits to represent, expansion module 2 can reach 64 like this, also can revise software protocol as required increases address size again, then the address table demonstration is enclosed bigger, owing to only need 4 string lines to transmit address and data, guaranteed that all expansion module 2 stube cables can select identical stube cable standard for use, and cost is extremely low, because the stube cable unanimity has guaranteed that expansion module 2 can be common to different Programmable Logic Controller main frames.Serial communication has the strong characteristics of antijamming capability, can realize communication data transmission at a high speed, in an embodiment of the present invention, use realizes communication protocol state machine controller 21 based on the programmable chip of CPLD, serial communication speed is 25MHz, if and use based on chip microcontroller communication protocol state machine controller 21, its serial communication speed to number MHz, does not reach the technical merit of present embodiment at hundreds of KHz far away.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in the foregoing description and the instructions just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications; these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention, and the claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1, the communication means of a kind of programmable logic controller (PLC) and expansion module, it is characterized in that, the connected mode that adopts the side to be connected step by step by null modem cable between described programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame and the described expansion module is connected to each other, described expansion module is discerned the acyclic status data frame that described programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame sends by the communication protocol state machine controller, gives notice with the status data frame that requires the response of I/O Flushing status machine controller to receive to I/O Flushing status machine controller; Described expansion module identifies the I/O refresh data frame that described programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame sends by I/O Flushing status machine controller, carries out reading and writing data from dynamic response.
2, communication means as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described null modem cable comprises host data output signal line MOSI, host data input signal cable MISO, serial clock signal line SCLK and slave selection signal wire SSEL, under the effect of clock signal, can transmit serial data simultaneously by null modem cable between described programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main frame and the described expansion module, general character efficient height.
3, communication means as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described communication protocol state machine controller is that (CPLD/FPGA) realizes in the complex programmable gate circuit of a slice employing hardware description language design.
4, communication means as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described communication protocol state machine controller is supported communication frame verification and error detection function, strengthens the reliability of communication.
5, communication means as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described I/O Flushing status machine controller is the chip microcontroller by special use, also can be the sequential circuit of selecting hardware description language design for use, the physics of being responsible for the I/O data refreshes and the response of status data frame that described expansion module is received.
6, communication means as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprehensively (CPLD/FPGA) realization in a slice complex programmable gate circuit after described communication protocol state machine controller and I/O Flushing status machine controller design by hardware language.
7, communication means as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, each described expansion module can be forbidden the communication of next stage expansion module when detecting described programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC main-machine communication fault or rebuilding communication link, strengthened the reliability that communication failure detects.
8, communication means as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described expansion module can off-line when faults itself and do not influenced other described expansion module work.
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