CN101587191A - Method for inhibiting background of deep space X-ray detection spectrometer - Google Patents
Method for inhibiting background of deep space X-ray detection spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101587191A CN101587191A CNA2008101122087A CN200810112208A CN101587191A CN 101587191 A CN101587191 A CN 101587191A CN A2008101122087 A CNA2008101122087 A CN A2008101122087A CN 200810112208 A CN200810112208 A CN 200810112208A CN 101587191 A CN101587191 A CN 101587191A
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Abstract
The invention provides a background inhibiting method applied to a deep space X-ray detection spectrometer, and relates to anti-radiation technology of deep space detection. The method comprises the following steps: (A) using a collimator with distribution of an intensity magnetic field to reduce radiation background; (B) using an amplitude analysis anti-coincidence method to alleviate the noise pollution and reduce the counting rate; and (C) applying multi-channel isolation technology to close a high-noise signal channel and reduce the total noise of the spectrometer. The method comprehensively utilizes the collimator with the magnetic field to shield background particles and utilizes the amplitude analysis anti-coincidence and the multi-channel isolation technology to inhibit the background of the spectrometer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the survey of deep space technical field, it is a kind of method for inhibiting background of deep space X-ray detection spectrometer, under the deep space environment, when the X-ray spectrum instrument system was handled the nuclear physics signal of low signal-to-noise ratio, the integrated application multiple technologies were to suppress a kind of method that background extracts feeble signal.
Background technology
Deep space X ray spectrometer is to be exclusively used in the instrument that the deep space X ray is surveyed.A space X X-ray detection X instrument normally is made up of collimating apparatus, detector (sensor), amplifier, AD converter, processor and other man-machine interactive components etc.After x-ray photon enters the detector sensitive area via collimating apparatus, can produce corresponding current/voltage, by amplifying, image data also shows.But the various charged particles that fill the air in the universe equally also can enter system from the input channel identical with the signal input, are collected by circuit, form noise.Moreover, noise also can enter system from non-signalling channel, damages useful signal and makes it can not be collected, and perhaps collection result has deviation, even to be mistaken as be useful signal and being gathered, thereby produces difficulty to differentiating useful signal.Deep space X-ray spectrometer background under space environment disturbs complicated, and the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of useful signal is low, presses for and solves this technical barrier.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the multiple background Rejection technology of a cover integrated application, can solve in survey of deep space, under the complicated radiation environment, low energy X ray is surveyed strong jamming, the low signal-to-noise ratio technical difficulty that is faced, and is applicable to the background shielding of deep space X ray detection instrument and the extraction of inhibition and weak signal.
For achieving the above object, the technology used in the present invention solution is:
A kind of method for inhibiting background of deep space X-ray detection spectrometer is applicable to radiation shield and the background Rejection of surveying the low energy X ray weak signal under the complicated radiation environment of deep space; It comprises step:
A) use and to have the collimating apparatus that intensity magnetic field distributes and reduce radiation background: be provided with the collimating apparatus of Distribution of Magnetic Field at the incidence window of instrument, to stop entering of noise signal;
B) use amplitude analysis anticoincidence method alleviates noise pollution and reduces counting rate: in instrument internal amplitude is set and analyzes anticoincidence circuit, size at signal energy, the anticoincidence technique that the use amplitude is analyzed suppresses the noise in the electric signal, reduces counting rate simultaneously;
C) use the multiplexer channel isolation technology: the multiplexer channel buffer circuit cuts out the signalling channel that noise is high the noise that lowering apparatus is total by the monostable unit in the span of control limit of control analysis anticoincidence circuit.
Described background Rejection method, its described collimating apparatus is a cylindrical body, and upper and lower surface opens wide, and is cylinder or square tube, and perisporium is the composite structure of four layer materials; Composite structure is carbon fiber, rubidium iron boron, soft iron, the aluminium bed of material from inside to outside, and the different materials interlayer is affixed with the epoxide-resin glue adhesion; Collimating apparatus one end opening is space outward, and to receive the space X ray photons, the parallel placement with detector surface of other end opening is positioned at detector front end.
Described background Rejection method, its described usefulness has the collimating apparatus that intensity magnetic field distributes, be meant the magnetic field intensity of the rubidium iron boron permanent magnet in the composite structure wall, space electronic shielding for 1-80keV, the magnetic field intensity of rubidium iron boron permanent magnet is between 280 Gausses-320 Gauss, and DISTRIBUTION OF MAGNETIC FIELD is even.
Described background Rejection method, its described use amplitude is analyzed anticoincidence method and is alleviated noise pollution and reduce counting rate, is far away under the situation more than useful signal, to make analog signal channel be in normal off status in noise signal, avoid noise signal input back level, reduce counting rate;
Amplitude is analyzed anticoincidence circuit and is comprised single-channel analyzer, multiway analog switch and monostable unit, two single-channel analyzer input ends are electrically connected with filtering shaping circuit output end, main amplifier input end respectively, two single-channel analyzer output terminals are electrically connected with monostable unit respectively, the monostable unit output terminal is electrically connected with switch, the break-make between switch control main amplifier and the peak holding circuit; One single-channel analyzer contains threshold comparator, and another single-channel analyzer contains down threshold comparator, the signal triggering analog signal channel of amplitude range in upper and lower threshold value open by, cooperate monostable, enter late-class circuit.
Described background Rejection method, its described multiplexer channel buffer circuit is to use single-chip microcomputer and latch to form the channel separation circuit, and the channel separation circuit output end is electrically connected with monostable unit, realize the detector signal that produces strong noise is isolated away from common-use tunnel, reduce noise.
Described background Rejection method, its described single-chip microcomputer model is 80C196, the latch model is 54HC373.
Described background Rejection method, its described multiplexer channel buffer circuit needs software to cooperate control single chip computer, copies in advance in the single-chip microcomputer into the Control Software of writing specially; Control Software receives the steering order of sending by universal serial bus when operate as normal, the I/O mouth of controlling CPU according to command request is high level or low level, and then reaches the purpose of open channel or channel isolation; When software powers up initialization, can give the I/O mouth a default duty, this moment, all passages were all opened.
The circuit that a kind of described background Rejection method is used, its detector is connected with amplifier, amplifier comprises the preposition sense amplifier of low noise, bandpass filtering shaping amplifier and main amplifier three parts, be connected with detector successively, access amplitude is again analyzed anticoincidence circuit, enters the A/D change-over circuit then;
Its amplitude is analyzed anticoincidence circuit, and when not having satisfactory signal input, the signal common passage is in normal off status, cuts off the input of noise, has only the satisfactory signal of amplitude can the entering signal common-use tunnel.
The circuit that described background Rejection method is used, it also comprises the actual requirement at the multichannel transducing signal, but designed the multiplexer channel buffer circuit of switch any a tunnel, use single-chip microcomputer and latch to form the channel separation function, realize the detector signal that produces strong noise is isolated away from common-use tunnel by communication channel instruction indication microprocessor control gate circuit, reduce noise.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: magnetic field structure is obvious to the space charged particle shield effectiveness, adapts in the survey of deep space task, in the face of complicated radiation environment; The magnetic field structure specific implementation is simple, and does not have the obvious magnetic field phenomenon that leaks outside, and can not cause magnetic field environment to pollute to the outside; The electrical signal noise that effective inhibition enters detector reduces counting rate, adapts to the low signal-to-noise ratio semaphore request of surveying the low energy X ray generation; Volume in light weight is little, is fit to the space exploration constraint; Passage control has also had the effect of fault isolation flexibly when reducing noise pollution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the electric principle of noise shielding of the present invention, amplitude analysis anticoincidence technique and channel separation technology is always schemed.
Fig. 2 a is the stereographic map of the magnetic shielding collimator structure model that the charged radiation background of inhibition incidence window is adopted among the present invention;
Fig. 2 b is the vertical view of the magnetic shielding collimator structure model that the charged radiation background of inhibition incidence window is adopted among the present invention.
Embodiment
Method for inhibiting background of deep space X-ray detection spectrometer of the present invention comprises three parts, at first is, has designed the collimating apparatus that has Distribution of Magnetic Field at the incidence window of instrument, to stop entering of noise signal.The structure of collimating apparatus can be designed as drum shape or square barrel-shaped according to actual needs, and collimating apparatus is designed to the rectangular parallelepiped of square tube shape among the present invention.Common collimating apparatus is single metal material, and for can better shielding space charged particle and offspring, the present invention be designed to four layers of composite structure, is respectively carbon fiber, rubidium iron boron, soft iron, the aluminium bed of material from inside to outside.In application, can adopt the more structural layer according to the effect of reality.Because soft iron, Rb-Fe-B material are arranged in collimating apparatus, have certain intensity and equally distributed magnetic field so can construct at the inner chamber of collimating apparatus, about intensity 300 Gausses, can increase according to actual needs or reduce.Because the employing soft iron material can be so that almost do not have leakage magnetic field in the collimating apparatus outside.Next is, the present invention has designed amplitude in instrument internal and analyzed anticoincidence technique, can be at the size of signal energy, and the anticoincidence technique that the use amplitude is analyzed suppresses the noise in the electric signal.Usually not that the anticoincidence technique of utilizing amplitude to analyze makes analog signal channel be in normally open under the too significant situation at noise, have noise to produce and just close analog signal channel.What run in practice is noise signal far away under the situation more than useful signal, is suitable for the amplitude that analog signal channel among the present invention is in normal off status and analyzes anticoincidence technique, has effectively avoided noise signal input back level.The chief component that amplitude is analyzed anticoincidence circuit is single-channel analyzer, multiway analog switch and monostable.Single-channel analyzer mainly is made up of upper-level threshold and following threshold comparator, effect be the signal of amplitude range in last lower threshold value just allow analog signal channel open by, cooperate monostable, can be so that analog signal channel be in closed condition usually, and the signal that amplitude meets just can enter the circuit of back.At last because the multiple signals common analog is amplified path, make single channel damage or noise uprise will the phase mutual interference, for preventing the noise between the hyperchannel, utilize the multiplexer channel isolation technology, the signalling channel that noise is high is closed, the noise that lowering apparatus is total.The monostable unit of passing through span of control limit of control analysis anticoincidence circuit of multiplexer channel isolation technology works, and it is formed device and mainly contains general single chip and latch.That select among single-chip microcomputer the design is 80C196, and latch can be used 54HC373.The multiplexer channel isolation technology needs software to cooperate control single chip computer.Software is that the high the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is developed for native system specially, and function is to cooperate hardware to finish to gather and the channel separation function, focuses on the reliability design of software on the performance.At first on dividing, adopt software configuration the modularization decomposition method to reduce the degree of coupling between each module; In the arrangement of storage space, vacant space is filled into fixed value, software trap is set, software can be recovered automatically from error condition; Important high The data information redundancy measure realizes error detection function, prevents to send faulty operation; Adopt timing to repeat the way of output for critical control signal output, can effectively prevent components and parts because the state losing lock that electric leakage and other accidentalia cause.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b present technique is described further.
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of noise reduction techniques among the present invention.In Fig. 1, detector 1, the collimator structure 2 in band magnetic field, amplifier 3, filtering wave-shaping circuit 4, main amplifier 5, amplitude is analyzed anticoincidence circuit 6, and multichannel isolates 7, tool housing 8.
By an end opening of the collimator structure 2 in the band magnetic field shown in frame of broken lines space outward, other end open end and detector 1 surface are placed in parallel in detector 1 front end, have shielded the charged particle that enters detector 1, shown in Fig. 2 a, b.Amplifier 3 reduces noise, main amplifier 5 further amplifying signals with filtering wave-shaping circuit 4.The method that anticoincidence circuit 6 utilizes amplitude to analyze is gathered to have and is surveyed the interior signal of amplitude range.Hyperchannel is isolated the 7 signal inputs that can isolate or open detector 1 as required arbitrarily.All circuit are all by metal shell 8 shieldings of instrument.
Detector is not simply to be connected with amplifier, but amplifier section is designed to the preposition sense amplifier of low noise, bandpass filtering shaping amplifier and three major parts of main amplifier, be connected with detector successively, access amplitude is again analyzed anticoincidence circuit, enters A/D change-over circuit (not illustrating among the figure) then.A kind of like this configuration reduced the distribution parameter interference that connects, and helps reducing generating noise from the source.Bandpass filtering shaping amplifier is filtering noise fully, improves signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and counting rate.On circuit is realized, one of key takeaway of the present invention is exactly that amplitude is analyzed anticoincidence circuit, when not having satisfactory signal input, the signal common passage is in normal off status, cut off the input of noise, have only that the satisfactory signal of amplitude enters moments about tens delicate time range can the entering signal common-use tunnel.So just reduced noise pollution, reduced the image data amount, and then alleviated processing pressure electronics and software.One of another key takeaway of the present invention is the actual requirement at the multichannel transducing signal, but has designed the channel separation technology of switch multiple signals.Technical use single-chip microcomputer and latch are formed the channel separation function, realize the detector signal that produces strong noise is isolated away from common-use tunnel by communication channel instruction indication microprocessor control gate circuit, reduce noise.
The collimator structure that has the Distribution of Magnetic Field of certain intensity also is a key takeaway of the present invention.Fig. 2 a is the stereographic map that suppresses the magnetic shielding collimator structure model that the charged radiation background of incidence window adopted, and this is one top opening 13, lower aperture 14, the middle cavity up/down perforation, and the side covers the structure of four layer materials.Among Fig. 2 b, carbon fiber inwall 9, nd-fe-b magnet layer 10, the antimagnetic soft iron layer 11 that leaks outside, aluminium outer wall 12.
Method for inhibiting background of deep space X-ray detection spectrometer of the present invention, in the collimating apparatus design of instrument, adopt the sandwich construction that constitutes by materials such as aluminium, rubidium iron boron, soft iron and carbon fiber boards respectively from outside to inside, wherein, rubidium iron boron permanent magnet is used for producing even as far as possible and average field-strength reaches necessarily required magnetic field, thereby charged particle just was deflected on the collimator wall before arriving X-ray detector, thereby has greatly reduced the background noise of instrument.Wherein, the magnetic field intensity of nd-fe-b magnet is determined on a case-by-case basis, and requires field intensity even, and for the space electronic shielding of 1-80keV, the average magnetic field requirement of strength of nd-fe-b magnet is in 280 Gausses-300 Gauss scope in the collimating apparatus.In addition,, can reduce leaking outside of magnetic field effectively, avoid the influence of leakage field, add the secondary that carbon fibre material produces in then can be to the shielding process in inside and effectively absorb external environment condition by outside rubidium iron boron permanent magnet, assembling soft iron.Metal shell and the abundant Ohmic contact of current potential externally.At the aluminium film of the windowing of detector assembling high reflecting rate, shielding visible light and other heat radiations, these shielding measures have reduced the radiation background that enters detector from interfering channel to be disturbed.
Claims (9)
1. a method for inhibiting background of deep space X-ray detection spectrometer is applicable to radiation shield and the background Rejection of surveying the low energy X ray weak signal under the complicated radiation environment of deep space; It is characterized in that: comprise step:
A) use and to have the collimating apparatus that intensity magnetic field distributes and reduce radiation background: be provided with the collimating apparatus of Distribution of Magnetic Field at the incidence window of instrument, to stop entering of noise signal;
B) use amplitude analysis anticoincidence method alleviates noise pollution and reduces counting rate: in instrument internal amplitude is set and analyzes anticoincidence circuit, size at signal energy, the anticoincidence technique that the use amplitude is analyzed suppresses the noise in the electric signal, reduces counting rate simultaneously;
C) use the multiplexer channel isolation technology: the multiplexer channel buffer circuit cuts out the signalling channel that noise is high the noise that lowering apparatus is total by the monostable unit in the span of control limit of control analysis anticoincidence circuit.
2. background Rejection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described collimating apparatus is a cylindrical body, and upper and lower surface opens wide, and is cylinder or square tube, and perisporium is the composite structure of four layer materials; Composite structure is carbon fiber, rubidium iron boron, soft iron, the aluminium bed of material from inside to outside, and the different materials interlayer is affixed with the epoxide-resin glue adhesion; Collimating apparatus one end opening is space outward, and to receive the space X ray photons, the parallel placement with detector surface of other end opening is positioned at detector front end.
3. background Rejection method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described usefulness has the collimating apparatus that intensity magnetic field distributes, be meant the magnetic field intensity of the rubidium iron boron permanent magnet in the composite structure wall, space electronic shielding for 1-80keV, the magnetic field intensity of rubidium iron boron permanent magnet is between 280 Gausses-320 Gauss, and DISTRIBUTION OF MAGNETIC FIELD is even.
4. background Rejection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described use amplitude is analyzed the anticoincidence method and is alleviated noise pollution and reduce counting rate, be in noise signal far away under the situation more than useful signal, make analog signal channel be in normal off status, avoid noise signal input back level, reduce counting rate;
Amplitude is analyzed anticoincidence circuit and is comprised single-channel analyzer, multiway analog switch and monostable unit, two single-channel analyzer input ends are electrically connected with filtering shaping circuit output end, main amplifier input end respectively, two single-channel analyzer output terminals are electrically connected with monostable unit respectively, the monostable unit output terminal is electrically connected with switch, the break-make between switch control main amplifier and the peak holding circuit; One single-channel analyzer contains threshold comparator, and another single-channel analyzer contains down threshold comparator, the signal triggering analog signal channel of amplitude range in upper and lower threshold value open by, cooperate monostable, enter late-class circuit.
5. background Rejection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described multiplexer channel buffer circuit, be to use single-chip microcomputer and latch to form the channel separation circuit, the channel separation circuit output end is electrically connected with monostable unit, realize the detector signal that produces strong noise is isolated away from common-use tunnel, reduce noise.
6. background Rejection method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described single-chip microcomputer model is 80C196, and the latch model is 54HC373.
7. according to claim 1,5 or 6 described background Rejection methods, it is characterized in that: described multiplexer channel buffer circuit needs software to cooperate control single chip computer, copies in advance in the single-chip microcomputer into the Control Software of writing specially; Control Software receives the steering order of sending by universal serial bus when operate as normal, the I/O mouth of controlling CPU according to command request is high level or low level, and then reaches the purpose of open channel or channel isolation; When software powers up initialization, can give the I/O mouth a default duty, this moment, all passages were all opened.
8. circuit that background Rejection method according to claim 1 is used, it is characterized in that: detector is connected with amplifier, amplifier comprises the preposition sense amplifier of low noise, bandpass filtering shaping amplifier and main amplifier three parts, be connected with detector successively, access amplitude is again analyzed anticoincidence circuit, enters the A/D change-over circuit then;
Its amplitude is analyzed anticoincidence circuit, and when not having satisfactory signal input, the signal common passage is in normal off status, cuts off the input of noise, has only the satisfactory signal of amplitude can the entering signal common-use tunnel.
9. the circuit that background Rejection method according to claim 8 is used, it is characterized in that: also comprise actual requirement at the multichannel transducing signal, but designed the multiplexer channel buffer circuit of switch any a tunnel, use single-chip microcomputer and latch to form the channel separation function, realize the detector signal that produces strong noise is isolated away from common-use tunnel by communication channel instruction indication microprocessor control gate circuit, reduce noise.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103675883A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Low-pollution spatial medium-energy electron detector based on magnetic deflection technique |
| CN103675881A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Device for eliminating magnetic flux leakage and backward scattering effects of deflection magnet of space particle detector |
| CN104535599A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Space active excited X-ray fluorescence detector |
| CN105161140A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-16 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Charged particle shielding device of space optical detector based on electromagnetic complex fields |
| CN108845517A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-11-20 | 上海飞来信息科技有限公司 | Anticoincidence circuit and pulse signal detection circuit |
-
2008
- 2008-05-21 CN CNA2008101122087A patent/CN101587191A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103675883A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Low-pollution spatial medium-energy electron detector based on magnetic deflection technique |
| CN103675881A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Device for eliminating magnetic flux leakage and backward scattering effects of deflection magnet of space particle detector |
| CN104535599A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Space active excited X-ray fluorescence detector |
| CN104535599B (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2017-06-06 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | A kind of X ray excited fluorescent probe of space active |
| CN105161140A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-16 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Charged particle shielding device of space optical detector based on electromagnetic complex fields |
| CN108845517A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-11-20 | 上海飞来信息科技有限公司 | Anticoincidence circuit and pulse signal detection circuit |
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Open date: 20091125 |