CN101585079B - Low-pressure casting filling method and low-pressure casing filling equipment used by same - Google Patents
Low-pressure casting filling method and low-pressure casing filling equipment used by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101585079B CN101585079B CN 200810011491 CN200810011491A CN101585079B CN 101585079 B CN101585079 B CN 101585079B CN 200810011491 CN200810011491 CN 200810011491 CN 200810011491 A CN200810011491 A CN 200810011491A CN 101585079 B CN101585079 B CN 101585079B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-pressure casting filling method comprising the steps of arranging a reducing sleeve arranged on an upper port of a riser tube (10), guiding magnesium alloy liquid from the riser tube (10) to a cast through the reducing sleeve; arranging a protective gas inlet on the reducing tube, and enabling the protective gas into the space above the magnesium alloy liquid in the riser tube (10) for protecting the magnesium alloy liquid in the riser tube (10) and reducing oxidation. The a low-pressure casting filling method uses a low-pressure casting filling device which includes the reducing sleeve composed of an upper part (1) of the reducing sleeve, a lower part of the reducing sleeve; wherein a magnesium alloy liquid sensor mounting hole (10) is arranged on a lower side wall of the lower part of the reducing sleeve; a plurality of subsize air suctions with enough section width are arranged on a joint face of the upper part (1) and the lower part (8) of the reducing sleeve, and the air suctions are slit structures with rectangular sections. The low-pressure casting filling method of the invention can obviously reduce the oxidation of the magnesium liquid in the riser tube and improve the quality of a magnesium alloy low-pressure casting member.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to foundry engieering, the low pressure casting filling method and the employed low pressure casting filling equipment thereof that use in particular for magnesium alloy are provided especially.
Background technology:
In the prior art, magnesium alloy has the not available outstanding advantages of many traditional conventional materials: lightweight, its density is about 1.78～1.82, is 64% of aluminium alloy, 23% of steel; Specific strength and good rigidity; Magnesium alloy has the ability of good absorbing vibration simultaneously, and its damping property is good; In addition, magnesium alloy also has high thermal conductivity, avirulence, nonmagnetic, strong etc. to EMI shielding capability.These characteristics of magnesium alloy can finely satisfy Aero-Space and war products to loss of weight, inhale make an uproar, damping, radiation-resistant requirement.Simultaneously, magnesium alloy is also obtaining to use more and more widely in fields such as automobile, electronic apparatus, information communications.
Low pressure casting is the appropriate methodology that is suitable for producing the high-quality Mg alloy castings.Adopting low-pressure casting method to produce Mg alloy castings has the following advantages: it is steady that (1) fills type, can effectively reduce the oxidation of magnesium, and gas content greatly reduces, very low of the oxide inclusion of foundry goods and the porosity; (2) crystallization under pressure, foundry goods is loose to be reduced, and compactness is good, is fit to hydraulic castings; (3) mold-filling capacity is strong, can cast thinner, more complicated foundry goods; (4) with gravitational casting foundry goods ratio, low pressure casting magnesium alloy member dimensional accuracy is high, and required following process is few; (5) mechanical castings, particularly anti-fatigue performance significantly are better than the gravitational casting foundry goods; (6) can adopt automation control, the batch production good reproducibility.
The exploitation of magnesium alloy low-pressure casting process equipment is to carry out on the basis of aluminum alloy low-pressure casting process equipment.The maximum of magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy casting technique is not both the very easily oxidation of magnesium liquid, burning.Magnesium liquid contacts with airborne oxygen, steam or water, all vigorous reaction can occur, even blast.Magnesium liquid epontic oxide-film in air is loose porous, does not have protective action.Once be exposed in the air, its surface film oxide at first increases sharply, and then white light is sent in violent burning.Therefore, magnesium liquid surface must be protected well in melting and casting process.The design of magnesium alloy low-pressure casting equipment must be considered anti-flaming protection problem.
The production technology that extensively adopts in the external magnesium alloy smelting now is to contain SF
6Mixed gas protected melting technique.SF
6React on the aluminium alloy surface together with air one, can form a kind of and aluminium alloy and be exposed in the air fully different modified oxidized magnesium film of formed magnesia, sneaked into the large MgF of a small amount of density therebetween
2This thin film has metallic luster, densification, continuous, can stop the further oxidation of liquid magnesium alloy and has obtained protective capability.But it can only be kept a few minutes, so mist will be supplied incessantly.
In Mg alloy castings low pressure casting forming process, liquid magnesium alloy is filled with casting mold by holding furnace by stalk under the effect of gas pressure, behind casting solidification, reduce pressure, the liquid magnesium alloy in the stalk is fallen back in the holding furnace, the casting mold open form is taken out the foundry goods that solidifies simultaneously; Mould assembly again, lock carries out filling the type circulation second time.Because liquid magnesium alloy is oxidizing fire very easily, magnesium alloy liquid level and the magnesium liquid level in the cavity filling process in the low pressure casting machine holding furnace all need to obtain good protection against oxidation.
The magnesium liquid level needs the suitably protection magnesium alloy liquid level in the stalk also to be needed to take the protection against oxidation measure in holding furnace.The method that prior art adopts is that the liquid level top passes into protective gas in the stalk, reduces the oxidation of magnesium liquid level.But directly the magnesium liquid above stalk fills the perforate of type channel side wall, in the magnesium liquid meeting ostium; Therefore must take measures, can when magnesium liquid fills type, not enter passage, can after the magnesium liquid level falls after rise, pass into protective gas again.
Patent documentation GB1366432 places a middleware between stalk and casting mold cast gate, connect stalk and casting mold inner chamber, perforate on middleware has the bar of passage in settling one in the hole, when magnesium liquid rising submergence aperture, rod end just in time gets lodged in the aperture, prevent that magnesium liquid from entering in the hole, under the magnesium liquid level, fall behind that bar stretches out, the rod end downside has the hole, the ejection protective gas; The flexible of bar driven by a fluid pressure cylinder.The fluid pressure cylinder volume ratio that the method is used is larger, needs to connect fluid line, for most of air injection machines, is difficult to select the installation site, therefore is only suitable for producing the Special low-voltage casting machine of specific foundry goods.
Patent documentation US4252173 and US5597032 all be stalk top magnesium liquid fill type passage survey face be arranged on when filling type can the storage compartment protective gas the space blow vent open with the position that enters this space; when filling type, magnesium liquid can not enter passage like this.The deficiency of the method is that the pressure to Filling Processes of Castings has certain limitation, is not suitable for filling more greatly the situation of type boost pressure.In low pressure casting, in order to strengthen the feeding of foundry goods in process of setting, often at once supercharging after filling type and finishing; Pressure is multiplied, and the gas storage space will dwindle at double; The minute leakage of air intake valve also can produce a very large impact the volume in gas storage space, and the minute leakage of air intake valve is difficult to measure.Therefore this method reliability is not enough.
The method that utility model patent document CN2569950Y adopts is to add sprue bush on stalk top; outside sprue bush, enclose the protective gas sealing ring; protective gas injects in the sealing ring by pipe; how to enter superjacent air space in the stalk by sprue bush as for protective gas, patent document does not further specify.
Patent documentation CN1190285C mentions on stalk top and offers the protective gas passage, and how patent documentation not explanation prevents that when Filling Processes of Castings magnesium liquid from entering the protective gas passage.
It is to rise after circulation of liquid cast finishes that there is common deficiency in above-mentioned each method; the magnesium liquid level falls back in the interior crucible of holding furnace in the stalk; all be empty state in the stalk of magnesium liquid level top in the crucible; in magnesium liquid falling process, have a small amount of magnesium liquid and adhere to the stalk inwall; even atmosphere has protectiveness in the pipe; oxidation also can occur in the magnesium liquid surface of these adhesions; form oxide-film; because the relative surface area of knocking is large; these magnesium liquid oxygen compound content that are hung on tube wall are very high; when again rising liquid, can enter and fill in the type magnesium liquid; increased the oxide inclusion that fills type magnesium liquid, reduced casting quality, so pour into a mould after a circulation finishes when rising liquid; reduce magnesium liquid level in the stalk and fall the problem that the high magnesia liquid that highly can overcome the stalk wall built-up enters casting mold after rise, further improve the degree of purity that fills type magnesium liquid.
Therefore, people expect to obtain the method that a kind of better magnesium alloy low-pressure casting fills type, and accordingly simple in structure, convenient operation, magnesium alloy low-pressure casting filling equipment that technique effect is good, to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, further improve the magnesium alloy low-pressure casting product quality, boost productivity.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, convenient operation, the Low Pressure Casting Technology that technique effect is good and employed low pressure casting filling equipment thereof.Emphasis is to solve the problem that anti-flaming and stalk 10 inwalls of stalk 10 inner magnesium liquid levels in foundry goods (especially magnesium alloy member) low pressure casting adhere to the magnesium liquid oxidation, produce oxide inclusion to reduce to greatest extent the low pressure casting cavity filling process, improve magnesium alloy low-pressure casting spare quality.Certainly, technique also might be for the Low Pressure Casting Technology of the materials such as other metal except emphasis is used for magnesium alloy low-pressure casting.
The invention provides a kind of low pressure casting and fill the shape method, it is characterized in that: utilize the low pressure casting filling equipment, fill type at low pressure casting and finish, control exhaust step-down process behind the casting solidification, make liquid level (for example liquid magnesium alloy) fall back to stalk 10 precalculated position suitable for reading, and be suspended in this position; Rather than fall back to insulation crucible liquid level, thus avoid casting repeatedly lifting of liquid (for example liquid magnesium alloy) in the stalk 10, cause the problem of stalk 10 inwall adhesiving metal liquid (for example liquid magnesium alloy) oxidations.
Utilize the low pressure casting filling equipment, in the low pressure casting production process, after each low pressure casting filled type and finishes, the magnesium alloy liquid level in the stalk 10 fell back to the height that is higher than magnesium alloy liquid level in the holding furnace crucible, and was suspended in the predetermined altitude range in the stalk 10.
The present invention also provides the low pressure casting filling equipment, specifically includes holding furnace, casting mold is installed and folding type device, air supply system, control system; Wherein: the crucible of splendid attire liquid magnesium alloy is installed in the holding furnace burner hearth, and stalk 10 is arranged at crucible top, it is characterized in that:
Between stalk 10 and casting-up mouth, be provided with a reducing sleeve, by reducing sleeve liquid magnesium alloy is imported in the casting mold by stalk 10, reducing sleeve is provided with the protective gas interface, protective gas is entered and the stalk 10 reducing sleeve inner chambers that communicate suitable for reading, and protection is suspended in the liquid magnesium alloy of stalk upper oral part; The reducing sleeve sidewall is provided with the installation of sensors hole, is used for sensor installation, the moment of process sensor in the rising of magnesium alloy liquid level and the decline process in the perception stalk, control magnesium alloy liquid level levitation position.
Described low pressure casting filling equipment is characterized in that: reducing sleeve specifically includes following two parts: part 8 under part 1, the reducing sleeve on the reducing sleeve; Part 1 one ends and casting mold lower shoe 2 join on the reducing sleeve, and part 8 joins under the other end and the reducing sleeve, and part 8 links to each other with plane on the stalk mouth under the reducing sleeve, and reducing sleeve inner chamber 15 is communicated with the stalk inner chamber; Part 8 lower sides are provided with liquid magnesium alloy perceptron installing hole 13 under the reducing sleeve.Part 1 and lower part 8 engage on the reducing sleeve, form chamber 14, are used for holding protective gas, on lower part 8 sidewalls protective gas input pipe 7 are arranged; On the reducing sleeve under part 1 and the reducing sleeve composition surface of part 8 are three-dimensional back taper faces; place, back taper composition surface is provided with a plurality of clearance type gas air channels 3; protective gas can enter chamber 14 via input pipe 7, is blown into reducing sleeve inner chamber 15 through clearance type gas air channel 3 again.
Clearance type gas air channel 3 section widths that the three-dimensional back taper composition surface of part 8 is located under part 1 and the reducing sleeve on the reducing sleeve are enough little, enter in the air inlet duct so that liquid magnesium alloy can not be broken through its surface tension constraint; Air inlet duct is Cross-Section Rectangular, stitches wide≤0.4mm, and air inlet duct basal area summation is relevant with the stalk diameter, stalk diameter≤Ф 70mm, and air inlet duct basal area sum should be not less than 20mm
2, the stalk diameter is greater than Ф 70mm, and air inlet duct basal area sum should be not less than 40mm
2
Described low pressure casting filling equipment, it is characterized in that: reducing sleeve also can be another structure, specifically include following two parts: reducing sleeve body element 16 and intake valve 17, reducing sleeve body element 16 lower sides are provided with liquid magnesium alloy perceptron installing hole 13; Intake valve 17 comprises valve body 18, valve rod 20 and chock plug 21, and intake valve is installed on the sidewall of reducing sleeve body element 16, and valve rod 20 is installed on the supporting seat, and be connected with drive unit, the perforate 22 on valve top communicates with reducing sleeve inner chamber 15, and air inlet 19 is arranged on the valve, is used for connecting protective gas; Protective gas through the inner chamber of valve body 18, enters reducing sleeve inner chamber 15 by perforate 22 by air inlet 19, and perforate 22 be closed or be opened to valve rod 20 and chock plug 21 can along the valve rod axially-movable.Valve rod 20 movement travels of intake valve of the present invention are little, can be no more than 15mm, can drive with simple drive unit, and electromagnetic force for example, the drive unit volume is little, conveniently installs at air injection machine.
Described low pressure casting filling equipment is characterized in that: be provided with the perceptron for the perception liquid magnesium alloy in the hole 13 of described reducing sleeve sidewall; Described liquid magnesium alloy perceptron is specially the plain conductor of the exposed and mutually insulated of two radicles, and the end of wire protrudes from the reducing sleeve inwall a little, is horizontally, and the distance of the probe exposed end of two plain conductors is not less than 3mm.
Described low pressure casting filling equipment, it is characterized in that: the bare metal of the plain conductor of the exposed and mutually insulated of two radicles in the described hole 13 that is arranged on reducing sleeve partly adopts not the stainless steel material that reacts with liquid magnesium alloy to make, other parts of liquid magnesium alloy inductor except exposed end are enclosed with insulating materials, and described insulating materials is specially the material that can tolerate high temperature more than 800 ℃ and not react with liquid magnesium alloy and makes.
Usually can tolerate 800 ℃ of high temperature insulating materials is ceramic materials, but the ceramic material of commercial Application is all made by silica-based binding agent now, unstable to liquid magnesium alloy, with liquid magnesium alloy generation chemical reaction, not only make the insulating materials failure, also make liquid magnesium alloy increase silicon and other harmful elements, affect the liquid magnesium alloy quality.Insulating materials of the present invention can be a kind of ceramic material, and this ceramic material is by making liquid magnesium alloy stable metal oxide aggregate and yttrium based binder, and for example the metal oxide aggregate can be magnesia powder, and the yttrium based binder can be yttrium colloidal sol.
Described low pressure casting fills the shape method, it is characterized in that:
When using liquid magnesium alloy to use liquid as casting, in the rising cavity filling process, when liquid magnesium alloy perceptron probe touched liquid magnesium alloy, two wire conductings produced the signal of telecommunication under the gas pressure effect; The magnesium alloy liquid level descends when being lower than the perceptron probe after casting filling is finished, probe exposes, the signal of telecommunication disappears, the signal of telecommunication is from existing the variation that disappears can deliver to the exhaust pressure relief control system, stop exhaust, make the magnesium alloy liquid level in the stalk rest on following certain position of probe, the difference of magnesium alloy liquid level stop place and probe position can be regulated by adjusting control system response speed and exhaust velocity, and the position of magnesium alloy liquid level suspension stay is no more than liquid magnesium alloy perceptron probe plane below 80mm usually.
Advantage of the present invention is: the problem that 1) has solved stalk inwall adhesion casting liquid oxidation in alloy (especially magnesium alloy) the foundry goods low pressure casting, can reduce to greatest extent the low pressure casting cavity filling process and produce oxide inclusion, improve the low pressure casting spare quality such as magnesium alloy; 2) in the stalk magnesium alloy liquid level superjacent air space to pass into the method for protective gas simple and reliable; 3) with common air injection machine ratio, alloy liquid level and casting-up mouth distance shorten greatly, so rise the liquid time before having reduced cast, have improved the low pressure casting operating efficiency.
In terms of existing technologies, simple in structure, the convenient operation of device therefor of the present invention, employed Mg alloy castings low-pressure casting method technique is simple, carries out work according to special equipment, and technique effect is good; Have larger economy and social value.
Description of drawings:
The structural representation of Fig. 1 reducing sleeve first kind of way of the present invention;
Part De Zhai Sew structure air inlet duct schematic diagram on Fig. 2 reducing sleeve;
The structural representation of Fig. 3 reducing sleeve second way of the present invention.
The specific embodiment:
The implication of each number designation is in Fig. 1～3:
Protective gas storage chamber 14, reducing sleeve inner chamber 15 in part 8, heat-resistant seal gasket 9, stalk 10, the interior magnesium alloy liquid level 11 of holding furnace crucible, heat-resistant seal gasket 12, installation of sensors hole 13, the first structure reducing sleeve under part 1, casting mold lower shoe 2, protection gas air channel 3, the magnesium alloy liquid level position 4 that is suspended in the stalk upper oral part, heat-resistant seal gasket 5, heat-resistant seal gasket 6, protective gas input pipe 7, the reducing sleeve on the reducing sleeve.The second structure reducing sleeve body element 16, the intake valve 17 for the protection of property gas air feed, valve body 18, air inlet 19, valve rod 20, chock plug 21, as the perforate 22 on the valve top of protective gas outlet on the air feed valve body.
Embodiment 1
A kind of simple in structure, convenient operation, the low-pressure die casting plant that technique effect is good and use this equipment to carry out the method for low pressure casting operation.
One) the employed equipment of low-pressure casting method
The magnesium alloy low-pressure casting filling equipment includes holding furnace, casting mold is installed and folding type device, air supply system, control system; Wherein: the crucible of splendid attire liquid magnesium alloy is installed in the holding furnace burner hearth, and stalk 10 is arranged at crucible top, it is characterized in that:
Between stalk 10 and casting-up mouth, be provided with a reducing sleeve, by reducing sleeve liquid magnesium alloy is imported in the casting mold by stalk 10, reducing sleeve is provided with the protective gas interface, protective gas is entered and the stalk 10 reducing sleeve inner chambers that communicate suitable for reading, and protection is suspended in the liquid magnesium alloy of stalk 10 upper oral parts; The reducing sleeve sidewall is provided with liquid magnesium alloy perceptron installing hole 13, and the liquid magnesium alloy perceptron is installed, and in the moment of popping one's head in through perceptron in the rising of magnesium alloy liquid level and the decline process in the perception stalk, is used for controlling magnesium alloy liquid level levitation position.
Reducing sleeve specifically includes following two parts: part 8 under part 1, the reducing sleeve on the reducing sleeve; Part 1 one ends and casting mold lower shoe 2 join on the reducing sleeve, and part 8 joins under the other end and the reducing sleeve, and 10 mouthfuls of upper planes of part 8 and stalk link to each other under the reducing sleeve, and reducing sleeve inner chamber 15 is communicated with stalk 10 inner chambers; Part 8 lower sides are provided with liquid magnesium alloy perceptron installing hole 13 under the reducing sleeve.Part 1 and lower part 8 engage on the reducing sleeve, form chamber 14, are used for holding protective gas, on lower part 8 sidewalls protective gas input pipe 7 are arranged; On the reducing sleeve under part 1 and the reducing sleeve composition surface of part 8 are three-dimensional back taper faces; place, back taper composition surface is provided with a plurality of clearance type gas air channels 3; protective gas can enter chamber 14 via input pipe 7, is blown into reducing sleeve inner chamber 15 through clearance type gas air channel 3 again.
Clearance type gas air channel 3 section widths that the three-dimensional back taper composition surface of part 8 is located under part 1 and the reducing sleeve on the reducing sleeve are enough little, enter in the air inlet duct so that liquid magnesium alloy can not be broken through its surface tension constraint; Air inlet duct is Cross-Section Rectangular, stitches wide 0.4mm, stalk diameter Ф 80mm, and air inlet duct basal area sum is 40mm
2
Described low pressure casting filling equipment is characterized in that: be provided with the perceptron for the perception liquid magnesium alloy in the hole 13 of described reducing sleeve sidewall; Described liquid magnesium alloy perceptron is specially the plain conductor of the exposed and mutually insulated of two radicles, and the end of wire protrudes from the reducing sleeve inwall a little, be horizontally, the probe exposed end of two plain conductors apart from 5mm.
The bare metal that is arranged on the plain conductor of the exposed and mutually insulated of two radicles in the hole of reducing sleeve partly adopts not the stainless steel material SUS444(00Cr18Mo2 that reacts with liquid magnesium alloy) make, other parts of liquid magnesium alloy perceptron except exposed end are enclosed with insulating materials, insulating materials is to be mixed by magnesia powder and sol bonded yttrium agent, add plug perceptron installing hole 13 with this high-temperature insulation material, this material does not react with liquid magnesium alloy.
Two) magnesium alloy low-pressure casting of the present invention fills the type method of operating
The liquid magnesium alloy quality reaches qualified requirement in crucible; after installing stalk 10; place heat-resistant seal gasket; reducing sleeve (comprising part 1 and 8) is installed; connect protective gas to input pipe 7, begin to be blown into protective gas to reducing sleeve inner chamber 16 with little pressure that is higher than normal pressure, casting mold lower shoe 2 and casting mold are installed; the locking casting mold is prepared cast.
Magnesium alloy liquid level in the crucible is exerted pressure; liquid magnesium alloy is steadily risen, when liquid magnesium alloy rises to reducing sleeve, during submergence liquid level perceptron along stalk; the perceptron circuit turn-on; control system picked up signal, magnesium alloy liquid level continue to rise, after the outlet of submergence protection gas air channel 3; because it is low that the protection air-blowing enters pressure; can not enter liquid magnesium alloy, because air channel 3 is narrow and small, liquid magnesium alloy can not enter air channel simultaneously.The magnesium alloy liquid level continues to raise, and enters casting mold.When casting mold was full of, feeding a casting was strengthened in immediately supercharging.The design of air channel 3 sizes guarantees that under the supercharging condition, liquid magnesium alloy can not enter in the groove yet.Behind casting solidification, beginning exhaust release, the magnesium alloy liquid level descends, and when liquid level decline was exposed the outlet of air channel 3, protective gas can be blown into again.
Descend when exhaust makes the magnesium alloy liquid level, when liquid level perceptron probe portion was exposed, the perceptron circuit disconnected, and the signal of telecommunication disappears; The signal of telecommunication stops exhaust from existing the variation that disappears can deliver to emission control, makes magnesium alloy liquid level in the stalk rest on the precalculated position 4 of the following 50mm of probe, and control pressurer system can read this force value, and automatically keeps this pressure.
Behind casting solidification in the casting mold, in casting mold, be docked to the scheduled time, when the temperature of foundry goods and intensity are fit to open form, open casting mold, take out foundry goods, the cleaning casting mold, spray paint, mould assembly is prepared for the second time pressure casting, enters second circulation.Second circulation magnesium alloy liquid level of the present invention begins to rise from stalk precalculated position 4 suitable for reading, and second circulation magnesium alloy of conventional low pressure casting liquid level magnesium alloy liquid level position 11 in the crucible begins to rise.
Embodiment 2
One) the employed equipment of low-pressure casting method
The magnesium alloy low-pressure casting filling equipment includes holding furnace, casting mold is installed and folding type device, air supply system, control system; Wherein: the crucible of splendid attire liquid magnesium alloy is installed in the holding furnace burner hearth, and stalk 10 is arranged at crucible top, it is characterized in that:
Between stalk 10 and casting-up mouth, be provided with a reducing sleeve, by reducing sleeve liquid magnesium alloy is imported in the casting mold by stalk 10, reducing sleeve is provided with the protective gas interface, protective gas is entered and the stalk 10 reducing sleeve inner chambers that communicate suitable for reading, and protection is suspended in the liquid magnesium alloy of stalk 10 upper oral parts; The reducing sleeve sidewall is provided with liquid magnesium alloy perceptron installing hole 13, and the liquid magnesium alloy perceptron is installed, and through the moment of perceptron probe, is used for controlling magnesium alloy liquid level levitation position in the 10 interior magnesium alloy liquid levels risings of perception stalk and the decline process.
Reducing sleeve is another structure, specifically includes following two parts: reducing sleeve body element 16 and intake valve 17, and reducing sleeve body element 16 lower sides are provided with liquid magnesium alloy perceptron installing hole 13; Intake valve 17 comprises valve body 18, valve rod 20 and chock plug 21, and intake valve is installed on the sidewall of reducing sleeve body element 16, and valve rod 20 is installed on the supporting seat, and be connected with drive unit, valve top perforate 22 communicates with reducing sleeve inner chamber 15, and air inlet 19 is arranged on the valve, is used for connecting protective gas; Protective gas through the inner chamber of valve body 18, enters reducing sleeve inner chamber 15 by perforate 22 by air inlet 19, and hole 22 be closed or be opened to valve rod 20 and chock plug 21 can along the valve rod axially-movable.Valve rod 20 movement travels of intake valve of the present invention are little, can be no more than 15mm, can drive with simple drive unit, and electromagnetic force for example, the drive unit volume is little, conveniently installs at air injection machine.
Other parts of equipment are identical with embodiment 1.
Two) magnesium alloy low-pressure casting of the present invention fills the type method of operating
The liquid magnesium alloy quality reaches qualified requirement in crucible, after installing stalk 10, place heat-resistant seal gasket, reducing sleeve (comprising part 16 and 17) is installed, connect protective gas to input port 19, this moment, valve rod 20 and the chock plug 21 of steam supply valve were in position shown in Figure 3, and namely protective gas outlet 22 is in the position of opening on the air feed valve body; Begin to be blown into protective gas to reducing sleeve inner chamber 15 with little pressure that is higher than normal pressure, casting mold lower shoe 2 and casting mold are installed, the locking casting mold is prepared cast.
Magnesium alloy liquid level in the crucible is exerted pressure, liquid magnesium alloy is steadily risen along stalk 10, when liquid magnesium alloy rises to reducing sleeve, during submergence liquid level perceptron, the perceptron circuit turn-on, the control system picked up signal, driver drives valve rod and chock plug travel forward (along x direction among Fig. 3), clog outlet 22, and the magnesium alloy liquid level continues to rise, the aperture 22 of closing is crossed in submergence, fills and adds casting mold.When casting mold was full of, feeding a casting was strengthened in immediately supercharging.Behind casting solidification, beginning exhaust release, the magnesium alloy liquid level descends.When the magnesium alloy liquid level dropped to liquid level perceptron probe portion and exposes, the perceptron circuit disconnected, and the signal of telecommunication disappears; The signal of telecommunication is from existing the variation that disappears to be transported to the control system of valve rod driving device, make valve rod 20 and chock plug 21 move backward (along x opposite direction direction among Fig. 3), get back to position shown in Figure 3, be that protective gas outlet 22 is in the position of opening on the air feed valve body, protective gas is blown into reducing sleeve inner chamber 15; Simultaneously the signal of telecommunication stops exhaust from existing the variation that disappears to deliver to emission control, makes magnesium alloy liquid level in the stalk rest on the precalculated position 4 of the following 50mm that pops one's head in, and control pressurer system can read this force value, and automatically keeps this pressure.
Behind casting solidification in the casting mold, in casting mold, be docked to the scheduled time, when the temperature of foundry goods and intensity are fit to open form, open casting mold, take out foundry goods, the cleaning casting mold, spray paint, mould assembly is prepared for the second time pressure casting, enters second circulation.Second circulation magnesium alloy liquid level of the present invention begins to rise from stalk precalculated position 4 suitable for reading, and second circulation magnesium alloy of conventional low pressure casting liquid level magnesium alloy liquid level position 11 in the crucible begins to rise.
Claims (4)
1. low pressure casting filling method, it utilizes the low pressure casting filling equipment, in the low pressure casting production process, after each low pressure casting fills type and finishes, alloy liquid level in the stalk (10) falls back to the height that is higher than magnesium alloy liquid level in the holding furnace crucible, and is suspended in the predetermined altitude range in the stalk (10);
Employed in the described low pressure casting filling method is liquid magnesium alloy; Be provided with in stalk (10) top suitable for reading for the perception liquid magnesium alloy height liquid magnesium alloy perceptron in the pre-set interval scope whether; After casting filling is finished, when the magnesium alloy liquid level in stalk (10) drops in the altitude range of expection, fill the type control system and send signal, stop exhaust, the magnesium alloy liquid level is suspended near the stalk precalculated position suitable for reading;
Employed low pressure casting filling equipment specifically includes holding furnace, casting mold is installed and folding type device, air supply system, control system; Wherein: the crucible of splendid attire liquid magnesium alloy is installed in the holding furnace burner hearth, and stalk (10) is arranged at crucible top;
It is characterized in that: be provided with a reducing sleeve in that stalk (10) is suitable for reading, by reducing sleeve liquid magnesium alloy imported in the casting mold by stalk (10); Reducing sleeve is provided with protective gas and passes into mouth, makes protective gas enter the interior magnesium alloy liquid level of stalk (10) superjacent air space, so that the interior liquid magnesium alloy of protection stalk (10) reduces oxidation;
Reducing sleeve specifically includes following two parts: part (8) under part on the reducing sleeve (1), the reducing sleeve; Part under the reducing sleeve (8) lower sides is provided with liquid magnesium alloy perceptron installing hole (13); Between the part (8) composition surface is arranged under part on the reducing sleeve (1) and the reducing sleeve, have a plurality of undersized air inlet ducts on the composition surface, in order to pass into protective gas to the reducing sleeve inner chamber, the section width of air inlet duct is enough little, enters in the air inlet duct so that liquid magnesium alloy can not be broken through its surface tension constraint; Air inlet duct is the slit-shaped structure of Cross-Section Rectangular, stitches wide≤0.4mm, and air inlet duct basal area summation is relevant with stalk (10) diameter, stalk (10) diameter≤70mm, and air inlet duct basal area sum should be not less than 20mm
2, the stalk diameter is greater than 70mm, and air inlet duct basal area sum should be not less than 40mm
2
2. the employed low pressure casting filling equipment of low pressure casting filling method, in the low pressure casting production process, after each low pressure casting fills type and finishes, alloy liquid level in the stalk (10) falls back to the height that is higher than magnesium alloy liquid level in the holding furnace crucible, and is suspended in the predetermined altitude range in the stalk (10); Described low pressure casting filling equipment specifically includes holding furnace, casting mold is installed and folding type device, air supply system, control system; Wherein: the crucible of splendid attire liquid magnesium alloy is installed in the holding furnace burner hearth, and stalk (10) is arranged at crucible top, it is characterized in that:
Reducing sleeve specifically includes following two parts: part (8) under part on the reducing sleeve (1), the reducing sleeve; Part under the reducing sleeve (8) lower sides is provided with magnesium liquid perceptron installing hole (13); Between the part (8) composition surface is arranged under part on the reducing sleeve (1) and the reducing sleeve, have a plurality of undersized air inlet ducts on the composition surface, in order to pass into protective gas to the reducing sleeve inner chamber, the section width of air inlet duct is enough little, enters in the air admission hole so that liquid magnesium alloy can not be broken through its surface tension constraint; Air inlet duct is the slit-shaped structure of Cross-Section Rectangular, stitches wide≤0.4mm, and air inlet duct basal area summation is relevant with stalk (10) diameter, stalk (10) diameter≤70mm, and air inlet duct basal area sum should be not less than 20mm
2, the stalk diameter is greater than 70mm, and air inlet duct basal area sum should be not less than 40mm
2
3. according to the described low pressure casting filling equipment of claim 2; it is characterized in that: the structure of reducing sleeve replaces with following two parts and forms: reducing sleeve body element (16) and intake valve (17); reducing sleeve body element (16) lower sides is provided with liquid magnesium alloy perceptron installing hole (13); intake valve comprises valve body (18); valve rod (20) and chock plug (21); intake valve is installed on the sidewall of reducing sleeve body element (16); the perforate on valve top (22) communicates with reducing sleeve inner chamber (15); air inlet (19) is arranged on the valve; be used for connecting protective gas; protective gas is by air inlet (19); inner chamber through valve body (18); enter reducing sleeve inner chamber (15) by perforate (22); perforate (22) be closed or be opened to valve rod (20) and chock plug (21) can along the valve rod axially-movable.
4. according to the described low pressure casting filling equipment of claim 3, it is characterized in that: in the liquid magnesium alloy perceptron installing hole (13) of described reducing sleeve sidewall, perception liquid magnesium alloy perceptron is housed; Described liquid magnesium alloy perceptron is specially the plain conductor of the exposed and mutually insulated of two radicles, and the end of wire protrudes from the reducing sleeve inwall a little, is horizontally, and the distance of the probe exposed end of two plain conductors is not less than 3mm.
Priority Applications (1)
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