CN101582585B - Composite monitoring device for electrode difference protection and grounding of direct-current system - Google Patents
Composite monitoring device for electrode difference protection and grounding of direct-current system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101582585B CN101582585B CN2009100746317A CN200910074631A CN101582585B CN 101582585 B CN101582585 B CN 101582585B CN 2009100746317 A CN2009100746317 A CN 2009100746317A CN 200910074631 A CN200910074631 A CN 200910074631A CN 101582585 B CN101582585 B CN 101582585B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite monitoring device for electrode difference protection and grounding of a direct-current system. After one path of the anode and the cathode of a direct-current system passes through a breaker, the anode passes through a Hall current sensor, and the cathode then passes through the Hall drain current sensor; thus, the anode and the cathode simultaneously pass through the Hall drain current sensor to be led out; the other path of the anode and the cathode of a direct-current system directly supplies power to a power supply modifier; after changing high voltage to low voltage, the power supply modifier supplies power to an anode Hall current sensor, the Hall drain current sensor, a cathode Hall current sensor, an MCU microcontroller, a relay, an electromagnet, 485 communication, an alarming port, a fault indicating lamp and a set dialing device through farad capacitor; the anode Hall current sensor, the cathode Hall current sensor and the Hall drain current sensor transfer the detected signals to the MCU microcontroller, and then results are transferred to each above action element after being calculated and analyzed by the MCU microcontroller so as to perform corresponding action.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrode difference protection and earth leakage monitoring device of direct current system, especially a kind of electric power system, railway system of being applicable to is with direct current 220V or direct current 110V, and telecommunication system is with the electrode difference protection and the ground connection composite monitoring device of 48V power supply.
Background technology
In electric power system, when power equipment normally moved, direct current system was that circuit breaker provides power switch, also was that relaying protection and automatics, communication apparatus etc. provide DC power supply.When fault appears in system; Particularly under the AC interruptions situation; Direct current system be necessary for relaying protection and automatics, circuit breaker close tripping operation, emergency lighting provides safe and reliable DC power supply, is the basic assurance of relay protection of power system, automatics and circuit breaker correct operation.
In the railway system, signalling arrangement, communication equipment lean on the direct current system power supply, be in particular some signal of interest equipment that relate to traffic safety back-up source be provided, it have or not the safety that is directly connected to driving.
In telecommunication system, direct current system is the power supply of communication equipment device in the telecommunications room, and when alternating current disappeared, direct current system was necessary for these equipment back-up source is provided, and guarantees to communicate by letter normally and the preservation of data, and its reliability is related to the safety of telecommunication system.
At present, the direct current system loop still adopts fuse or direct current miniature circuit breaker as diversity switch generally all more than 2 grades, and the failure removal after overcurrent or the short circuit is broken off by diversity switch.Because dispersiveness and red brittleness that fuse exists, the uncertainty of miniature circuit breaker trip time belongs to the diversity switch tripping of final stage time and again; The excision fault loop, but diversity switch is long operate time, not action; Bypassing the immediate leadership becomes the action of higher level's diversity switch, even total dc switch action, can not accomplish electrode difference protection; Cause dc power supply to disappear, cause the accident rapid spread to enlarge, cause catastrophic device damage of electric power system and accident; The stoppage in transit of the railway system, the telecommunication system communication disruption.
In addition, the initial fault of direct current system all is to be begun by dc system grounding, progressively enlarges.But fuse or direct current miniature circuit breaker can not be found dc system grounding in time, cause the accident rapid spread to enlarge equally.
1, use the scarce limit of fuse: fuse adopts the hot melt effect principle to cut-off fault current; But fuse manufacturer is more at present, and product quality is uneven, the difference of fuse link and part material; Can not guarantee the homogeneity of product quality fully; Even so the fuse of same producer, same model, its parameter also has certain dispersiveness, the breaking capacity of each fuse, ampere-time characteristic have certain actual deviation; Can not be completed the function of electrode difference protection, and dc system grounding can't be monitored in time.
2, use the scarce limit of miniature circuit breaker: circuit breaker adopts magnetic effect to combine with thermal effect, has the inconsistent problem of ampere-time characteristic curve equally; The producer that has can only realize direct-flow positive pole or the one-sided protection of negative pole; When a lot of circuit breakers arrived to a certain degree greatly at short circuit current, the two action was approaching, can cause and bypass the immediate leadership; Even the same Tong Chang of manufacturer, same model, with the dc circuit breaker of batch production, ampere-time characteristic is also inconsistent, and electric current, time are differential very little; The intrinsic operate time of circuit breaker is inconsistent, does not mark intrinsic operate time on the circuit breaker nameplate, can't guarantee that higher level's circuit breaker is not less than subordinate intrinsic operate time intrinsic operate time; The electric current of circuit breaker, differential can't the setting of time in addition; Can not be completed the electrode difference protection and the grounding monitor function of direct current system.
Therefore, designing a kind of direct current system electrode difference protection and earth leakage monitoring device with electrode difference protection and earth leakage monitoring function, is the present technical issues that need to address.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of direct current system electrode difference protection and earth leakage monitoring device with electrode difference protection and earth leakage monitoring function.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem is:
A kind of direct current system electrode difference protection and ground connection composite monitoring device; Form by circuit breaker, anodal Hall current sensor, negative pole Hall current sensor, Hall leakage current sensor, MCU microcontroller, relay, electromagnet, 485 communications, warning port, malfunction indicator lamp, setting dial-up device, electric power conversion apparatus and farad capacitor; The positive pole of direct current system, negative pole one tunnel are through behind the circuit breaker; Positive pole passes anodal Hall current sensor, negative pole again and passes and pass the Hall leakage current sensor simultaneously behind the negative pole Hall leakage current sensor and go out; Direct current system is anodal, another road of negative pole directly supplies power to electric power conversion apparatus; Electric power conversion apparatus changes high-voltage variable into low-voltage after farad capacitor is given anodal Hall current sensor, Hall leakage current sensor, negative pole Hall current sensor, MCU microcontroller, relay, electromagnet, 485 communications, warning port, malfunction indicator lamp, the power supply of setting dial-up device; Anodal Hall current sensor, negative pole Hall current sensor and Hall leakage current sensor pass to the MCU microcontroller with detected signal; After the MCU microcontroller calculates, analyzes the result is passed to 485 communications, warning port, malfunction indicator lamp, setting dial-up device and relay respectively; Thereby send different index signals or carry out corresponding action; The action of relay further passes to electromagnet again, by the action of magnet control circuit breaker.Described power conversion have with direct current 220V, 110V or 48V convert into simultaneously direct current+12V ,-12V ,+function of 5V.
Farad capacitor of the present invention (13) be provided with direct current+12V ,-12V ,+many dc output end mouths of 5V, electric power conversion apparatus and farad capacitor can be given MCU microcontroller, relay, electromagnet, 485 communications, warning port, malfunction indicator lamp, setting dial-up device and the electric power conversion apparatus power supply that needs different voltages simultaneously.Described farad capacitor is a plurality of different series capacitance groups, and the positive pole of each series capacitance group and direct current system, the method for attachment of negative pole are different, the output that a plurality of dc output end mouths of described farad capacitor are a plurality of series capacitance groups.
Anodal Hall current sensor of the present invention, negative pole Hall current sensor and Hall leakage current sensor have the function that big current conversion is become small voltage; The relation of being in proportion of the size of the small voltage that converts to and the electric current of its collection; Thereby described MCU microcontroller has the small voltage that anodal Hall current sensor, negative pole Hall current sensor and Hall leakage current sensor are converted to carry out analysis and judgement and confirms whether the maximum current Imax of anodal Hall current sensor and negative pole Hall current sensor surpasses that to set that differential I is differential, whether the duration surpasses the differential T of time that sets differential; Perhaps the leakage current I of analysis and judgement Hall leakage current sensor leaks and whether surpasses earth current I ground connection, and duration T leaks whether also further send the function of instruction above the differential T ground connection of ground connection.
Setting dial-up device of the present invention is differential setting device, is used for setting differential definite value and time definite value to the MCU microcontroller.Described 485 communications are signal and instruction transfer device, are used to upload warning message, are used for host computer simultaneously and issue differential setting, time definite value setting command to the MCU microcontroller.
MCU microcontroller of the present invention is gathered the signal of anodal Hall current sensor, negative pole Hall current sensor and Hall leakage current sensor for regularly gathering; With the signal of regularly gathering through relatively judging; Draw anodal current maxima+Imax or cathodal current maximum-Imax, no human relations are anodal current maxima+Imax or cathodal current maximum-Imax, when Imax ≧ I differential; When Tmax ≧ T was differential simultaneously, circuit breaker was jumped disconnected and is reported to the police.
MCU microcontroller of the present invention has judged that the electric current I that differential back judges that the Hall leakage current sensor is brought leaks, when I Lou ≧ I differential, during and duration T Lou ≧ T ground connection; Send the grounding alarm signal; Differential as I Lou ≧ I, T leaks and < during T ground connection, does not send signal; Continue circulation, get into the next round collection.
Circuit breaker of the present invention is a plurality of of parallel connection setting; The positive pole of one of them circuit breaker, negative pole directly insert from the positive pole of system, negative pole, corresponding therewith divide device for one-level, divide device from what one-level divided that positive pole, the negative pole of the output of device insert circuit breaker for secondary; What divide that the positive pole, negative pole of the output of device insert circuit breaker from secondary is three grades of branch devices; By that analogy, dividing the load of device control by secondary is secondary loads, and the load of being controlled by three grades of branch devices does; The I of three grades of branch devices is differential to divide the I of device differential less than secondary; Secondary divides that the I of device is differential to divide the I of device differential less than one-level, and the T of three grades of branch devices is differential to divide the T of device differential less than secondary, and secondary divides that the T of device is differential to divide the T of device differential less than one-level.
One-level of the present invention is divided the I of device the differential 10A of being, secondary divides the I of device the differential 7A of being, the I of three grades of branch devices is differential to be 4A, and one-level is divided the T of device the differential 50ms of being, secondary divides the T of device the differential 25ms of being, the T of three grades of branch devices is differential to be 0ms.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Realize electrode difference protection, prevent that subordinate's accident from spreading to the higher level, the support equipment safe operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a single-stage system principle calcspar of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is computing, the command logic figure of MCU microcontroller of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the multistage schematic layout diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a single-stage system winding diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1-4; A kind of direct current system electrode difference protection and ground connection composite monitoring device; By 7,485 communications 8 of circuit breaker 1, anodal Hall current sensor 2, negative pole Hall current sensor 4, Hall leakage current sensor 3, MCU microcontroller 5, relay 6, electromagnet, warning port 9, malfunction indicator lamp 10, set dial-up device 11, electric power conversion apparatus 12 and farad capacitor 13 and form; The positive pole of direct current system, negative pole one tunnel are through behind the circuit breaker 1; Positive pole passes anodal Hall current sensor 2, negative pole again and passes and pass Hall leakage current sensor 3 simultaneously behind the negative pole Hall current sensor 4 and go out; Direct current system is anodal, another road of negative pole directly gives electric power conversion apparatus 12 power supplies; Electric power conversion apparatus 12 changes high-voltage variable into low-voltage after farad capacitor 13 is given 7,485 communications 8 of anodal Hall current sensor 2, Hall leakage current sensor 3, negative pole Hall current sensor 4, MCU microcontroller 5, relay 6, electromagnet, warning port 9, malfunction indicator lamp 10, set 11 power supplies of dial-up device; Anodal Hall current sensor 2, negative pole Hall current sensor 4 and Hall leakage current sensor 3 pass to MCU microcontroller 5 with detected signal; After MCU microcontroller 5 calculates, analyzes the result is passed to 485 communications 8, warning port 9, malfunction indicator lamp 10 respectively, sets dial-up device 11 and relay 6; Thereby send different index signals or carry out corresponding action; The action of relay 6 further passes to electromagnet 7 again, by the action of electromagnet 7 control circuit breakers 1.Described power conversion 12 have with direct current 220V, 110V or 48V convert into simultaneously direct current+12V ,-12V ,+function of 5V; Described farad capacitor 13 be provided with direct current+12V ,-12V ,+many dc output end mouths of 5V, electric power conversion apparatus 12 and farad capacitor 13 can be given 7,485 communications 8 of the MCU microcontroller 5 that needs different voltages, relay 6, electromagnet, warning port 9, malfunction indicator lamp 10 simultaneously, set dial-up device 11 and electric power conversion apparatus 12 power supplies.Described farad capacitor 13 is a plurality of different series capacitance groups, and the positive pole of each series capacitance group and direct current system, the method for attachment of negative pole are different, the output that a plurality of dc output end mouths of described farad capacitor 13 are a plurality of series capacitance groups.Described anodal Hall current sensor 2, negative pole Hall current sensor 4 have the function that big current conversion is become small voltage with Hall leakage current sensor 3; The relation of being in proportion of the size of the small voltage that converts to and the electric current of its collection; Thereby described MCU microcontroller 5 has the small voltage that anodal Hall current sensor 2, negative pole Hall current sensor 4 and Hall leakage current sensor 3 are converted to carry out analysis and judgement and confirms whether the maximum current Imax of anodal Hall current sensor 2 and negative pole Hall current sensor 4 surpasses that to set that differential I is differential, whether the duration surpasses the differential T of time that sets differential; Perhaps the leakage current I of analysis and judgement Hall leakage current sensor 3 leaks and whether surpasses earth current I ground connection; Duration T is leaked the described setting dial-up of the function device 11 that whether surpasses the differential T ground connection of ground connection and further send instruction and is differential setting device, is used for setting differential definite value and time definite value to MCU microcontroller 5.Described 485 communications 8 are signal and instruction transfer device, are used to upload warning message, are used for host computer simultaneously to the differential setting of MCU microcontroller 5 issues, time definite value setting command.The signal that described MCU microcontroller 5 is gathered anodal Hall current sensor 2, negative pole Hall current sensor 4 and Hall leakage current sensor 3 be collection regularly; With the signal of regularly gathering through relatively judging; Draw anodal current maxima+Imax or cathodal current maximum-Imax, no human relations are anodal current maxima+Imax or cathodal current maximum-Imax, when Imax ≧ I differential; When Tmax ≧ T was differential simultaneously, circuit breaker was jumped disconnected and is reported to the police.Described MCU microcontroller 5 has judged that the electric current I that differential back judges that Hall leakage current sensor 3 is brought leaks, when I Lou ≧ I differential, during and duration T Lou ≧ T ground connection; Send the grounding alarm signal; Differential as I Lou ≧ I, T leaks and < during T ground connection, does not send signal; Continue circulation, get into the next round collection.Described circuit breaker 1 is a plurality of of parallel connection setting; The positive pole of one of them circuit breaker, negative pole directly insert from the positive pole of system, negative pole, corresponding therewith divide device for one-level, divide device from what one-level divided that positive pole, the negative pole of the output of device insert circuit breaker for secondary; What divide that the positive pole, negative pole of the output of device insert circuit breaker from secondary is three grades of branch devices; By that analogy, dividing the load of device control by secondary is secondary loads, and the load of being controlled by three grades of branch devices does; The I of three grades of branch devices is differential to divide the I of device differential less than secondary; Secondary divides that the I of device is differential to divide the I of device differential less than one-level, and the T of three grades of branch devices is differential to divide the T of device differential less than secondary, and secondary divides that the T of device is differential to divide the T of device differential less than one-level.One-level is divided the I of device the differential 10A of being, secondary divides the I of device the differential 7A of being, the I of three grades of branch devices is differential to be 4A, and one-level is divided the T of device the differential 50ms of being, secondary divides the T of device the differential 25ms of being, the T of three grades of branch devices is differential to be 0ms.
Claims (1)
1. direct current system electrode difference protection and ground connection composite monitoring device; Form by circuit breaker (1), anodal Hall current sensor (2), negative pole Hall current sensor (4), Hall leakage current sensor (3), MCU microcontroller (5), relay (6), electromagnet (7), 485 communications (8), warning port (9), malfunction indicator lamp (10), setting dial-up device (11), electric power conversion apparatus (12) and farad capacitor (13); It is characterized in that: behind the positive pole of direct current system, negative pole one tunnel process circuit breaker (1); Positive pole passes anodal Hall current sensor (2), negative pole again and passes and pass Hall leakage current sensor (3) simultaneously behind the negative pole Hall current sensor (4) and go out; Direct current system is anodal, electric power conversion apparatus (12) power supply is directly given on another road of negative pole; Electric power conversion apparatus (12) changes high-voltage variable into low-voltage after farad capacitor (13) is given anodal Hall current sensor (2), Hall leakage current sensor (3), negative pole Hall current sensor (4), MCU microcontroller (5), relay (6), electromagnet (7), 485 communications (8), warning port (9), malfunction indicator lamp (10), set dial-up device (11) power supply; Anodal Hall current sensor (2), negative pole Hall current sensor (4) and Hall leakage current sensor (3) pass to MCU microcontroller (5) with detected signal; After MCU microcontroller (5) calculates, analyzes the result is passed to 485 communications (8), warning port (9), malfunction indicator lamp (10) respectively, sets dial-up device (11) and relay (6); Thereby send different index signals or carry out corresponding action; The action of relay (6) further passes to electromagnet (7) again, by the action of electromagnet (7) control circuit breaker (1); Described electric power conversion apparatus (12) have with direct current 220V, 110V or 48V convert into simultaneously direct current+12V ,-12V ,+function of 5V; Described farad capacitor (13) be provided with direct current+12V ,-12V ,+many dc output end mouths of 5V; Electric power conversion apparatus (12) can be given MCU microcontroller (5), relay (6), electromagnet (7), 485 communications (8), warning port (9), malfunction indicator lamp (10), setting dial-up device (11) and electric power conversion apparatus (12) power supply that needs different voltages simultaneously with farad capacitor (13); Described farad capacitor (13) is a plurality of different series capacitance groups; The positive pole of each series capacitance group and direct current system, the method for attachment of negative pole are different, the output that a plurality of dc output end mouths of described farad capacitor (13) are a plurality of series capacitance groups; Described anodal Hall current sensor (2), negative pole Hall current sensor (4) and Hall leakage current sensor (3) have the function that big current conversion is become small voltage; The relation of being in proportion of the size of the small voltage that converts to and the electric current of its collection; Described MCU microcontroller (5) has anodal Hall current sensor (2), negative pole Hall current sensor (4) and Hall leakage current sensor (3) thereby the small voltage that converts to carries out analysis and judgement confirms whether the maximum current Imax of anodal Hall current sensor (2) and negative pole Hall current sensor (4) surpasses that to set the differential T of time that differential I is differential, whether the duration surpasses setting differential; Perhaps the leakage current I of analysis and judgement Hall leakage current sensor (3) leaks and whether surpasses earth current I ground connection, and duration T leaks whether also further send the function of instruction above the differential T ground connection of ground connection; Described setting dial-up device (11) is differential setting device, is used for setting differential definite value and time definite value to MCU microcontroller (5); Described 485 communications (8) are signal and instruction transfer device, are used to upload warning message, are used for host computer simultaneously and set differential instruction to MCU microcontroller (5) issue current ration, time definite value; Described MCU microcontroller (5) is gathered the signal of anodal Hall current sensor (2), negative pole Hall current sensor (4) and Hall leakage current sensor (3) for regularly gathering; With the signal of regularly gathering through relatively judging; Draw anodal current maxima+Imax or cathodal current maximum-Imax, no human relations are anodal current maxima+Imax or cathodal current maximum-Imax, when Imax ≧ I differential; When Tmax ≧ T was differential simultaneously, circuit breaker was jumped disconnected and is reported to the police; Described MCU microcontroller (5) has judged that the electric current I that differential back judges that Hall leakage current sensor (3) is brought leaks, when I Lou ≧ I differential, during and duration T Lou ≧ T ground connection; Send the grounding alarm signal; Differential as I Lou ≧ I, T leaks and < during T ground connection, does not send signal; Continue circulation, get into the next round collection; Described circuit breaker (1) is a plurality of of parallel connection setting; The positive pole of one of them circuit breaker, negative pole directly insert from the positive pole of system, negative pole, corresponding therewith divide device for one-level, divide device from what one-level divided that positive pole, the negative pole of the output of device insert circuit breaker for secondary; What divide that the positive pole, negative pole of the output of device insert circuit breaker from secondary is three grades of branch devices; By that analogy, dividing the load of device control by secondary is secondary loads, and the load of being controlled by three grades of branch devices is three grades of loads; The I of three grades of branch devices is differential to divide the I of device differential less than secondary; Secondary divides that the I of device is differential to divide the I of device differential less than one-level, and the T of three grades of branch devices is differential to divide the T of device differential less than secondary, and secondary divides that the T of device is differential to divide the T of device differential less than one-level; One-level is divided the I of device the differential 10A of being, secondary divides the I of device the differential 7A of being, the I of three grades of branch devices is differential to be 4A, and one-level is divided the T of device the differential 50ms of being, secondary divides the T of device the differential 25ms of being, the T of three grades of branch devices is differential to be 0ms.
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| CN2009100746317A CN101582585B (en) | 2009-06-02 | 2009-06-02 | Composite monitoring device for electrode difference protection and grounding of direct-current system |
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| CN101582585B true CN101582585B (en) | 2012-06-20 |
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| CN101819228A (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2010-09-01 | 上海交通大学 | Hall current sensor based current detection device |
| EP2511998B1 (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2015-08-26 | AEG Power Solutions GmbH | Assembly for earth connection surveillance in an alternating current circuit and power supply assembly with such an earth connection surveillance |
| CN102628904B (en) * | 2012-04-22 | 2014-09-17 | 柳州辰天科技有限责任公司 | Capacitance deterioration detection device for resistance-capacitance device of railway signals equipment |
| DE102016202021B3 (en) * | 2016-02-10 | 2017-03-23 | Bender Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and devices for detecting a break in a protective conductor connection |
| CN106443293A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-02-22 | 国家电网公司 | Direct current ground fault online detection and alarm device |
| CN108109862A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-01 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of intelligent air switch that can detect DC earthing |
| CN110672984A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-10 | 国网四川省电力公司检修公司 | Portable direct current system ground fault detection device |
| CN113552406A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-26 | 上海电机学院 | High-precision residual current detection device powered by single power supply |
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Owner name: HANDAN POWER SUPPLY BRANCH COMPANY, STATE GRID HEB Effective date: 20140721 Owner name: STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA Free format text: FORMER OWNER: HEBEI DEPU ELECTRIC APPLIANCE CO., LTD. Effective date: 20140721 |
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 056000 HANDAN, HEBEI PROVINCE TO: 100031 XICHENG, BEIJING |
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Effective date of registration: 20140721 Address after: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Patentee after: State Grid Corporation of China Patentee after: Handan Power Supply Branch Company, State Grid Hebei Electric Power Company Patentee after: Hebei Depu Electric Appliance Co., Ltd. Address before: 056000 No. 1, Chengxin Road, Handan Development Zone, Hebei Patentee before: Hebei Depu Electric Appliance Co., Ltd. |