CN101579823B - Processing method of special-shaped workpiece - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for processing special-shaped workpieces. The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tool processing. A method for processing special-shaped workpieces. The workpieces are processed on a machine tool. The feature is that the processing is carried out in the form of tooling, the tooling is assembled on the machine tool, the workpiece is assembled on the tooling, and the special-shaped workpieces are processed on the machine tool after fastening. The invention provides a tooling with convenient clamping and quick alignment, which has the advantages of easy processing, low production cost, high production efficiency and high processing precision.

Description

A kind of special-shaped workpiece processing method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tool processing, in particular to a method for processing special-shaped workpieces.

Background technique

At present, in the process of processing special-shaped workpieces, alignment is difficult, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and production efficiency is low. Ordinary equipment is difficult to meet the requirements of high-speed wire rolling production line channel cover plate special-shaped workpieces. The conventional processing method for such workpieces is to use a CNC boring machine, adjust and align with a manual jack, clamp the clamping plate, use a right-angle milling head, and turn the table through It is processed by multiple clamping and alignment. If the processing is carried out according to this method, the working hours for each piece is about 20H. The processing method has low production efficiency, cannot meet actual processing needs at all, and has technical problems such as low processing accuracy of workpieces.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a processing method for special-shaped workpieces.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special-shaped workpiece processing method with the characteristics of easy processing, convenient clamping, quick alignment, high production efficiency and high processing precision.

The technical scheme taken by the special-shaped workpiece processing method of the present invention is:

A method for processing special-shaped workpieces. The workpieces are processed on a machine tool. The feature is that the processing is performed by means of tooling, the tooling is assembled on the machine tool, the workpiece is assembled on the tooling, and the special-shaped workpieces are processed on the machine tool after fastening.

The special-shaped workpiece processing method of the present invention can also adopt following technical measures:

The special-shaped workpiece processing method is characterized in that: when the tooling is assembled on the machine tool, the tooling is aligned, after the workpiece is processed, the tooling does not move, and the workpiece is disassembled to process a new workpiece.

The special-shaped workpiece processing method is characterized in that: when the tooling is used for processing, the workpiece processing is an assembly line, and the number of tooling is 2-4.

The special-shaped workpiece processing method is characterized in that: when the workpiece is assembled on the tooling, the tooling is provided with a positioning axis, a positioning key or a positioning pin hole corresponding to the workpiece.

The special-shaped workpiece processing method is characterized in that: when the workpiece is assembled on the tooling, bolts are used to fasten the workpiece and the tooling together.

The advantages and positive effects that the present invention has:

The special-shaped workpiece processing method adopts the brand-new technical solution of the present invention. By using the tooling, the workpiece processed on the numerical control equipment can be processed on the ordinary equipment, which saves a lot of cost. The way of operation greatly improves the work efficiency and shortens the processing cycle. The processing of a workpiece can be completed in about 8 hours, which is more than twice as efficient as the ordinary processing method.

Reasonably designed tooling is very important when processing special-shaped workpieces. It can not only ensure the accuracy of the workpiece, but also improve efficiency; properly decomposing the processing steps and adopting the assembly line operation method is very helpful for improving work efficiency, especially for batch parts. The effect is more obvious.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the state of use of 1# frock of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of 1# frock of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the state of use of 2# frock of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of 2# frock of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the use state of 1# frock of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the use state of 2# frock of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the workpiece structure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line A-A of FIG. 7 .

In the figure, 1, 1# tooling, 1-1, base, 1-2, positioning shaft, 1-3, closing bolt, 1-4, locking pressure block, 1-5, locking bolt, 2, 2 #tooling, 2-1, base, 2-2, positioning half shaft, 2-3, closing bolt, 2-4, pressing bolt, 2-5, positioning key, 3, workpiece.

Detailed ways

In order to further understand the invention content, characteristics and effects of the present invention, the following examples are given, and detailed descriptions are as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Please refer to accompanying drawings 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.

Example

The invention discloses a processing method for special-shaped workpieces. The processing is carried out by means of tooling. Firstly, the tooling is assembled on a machine tool, the tooling is aligned, and then the workpiece is assembled on the tooling. After fastening, the special-shaped workpieces are processed on the machine tool. After the workpiece processing is completed, the tooling does not move, and the workpiece is disassembled for new workpiece processing. The workpiece processing adopts the assembly line method. There are A and B tooling on the two machine tools. When the workpiece is assembled on the tooling, the tooling is provided with a positioning shaft or a keyway corresponding to the workpiece. When the workpiece is assembled on the tooling, the workpiece and the tooling are fastened together with bolts.

The specific design and processing process is as follows:

1. Tooling design:

From the use of this part, it can be known that the use part of the workpiece is the C-shaped groove at the "processing part-B". The high-speed wire passes through the C-shaped groove, and the workpiece 3 blank is QT800 precision casting, with high dimensional accuracy, and the internal size of the C-shaped groove does not require machining, so the inner side of the C-shaped groove is selected as the positioning reference for design Tooling, to process "processing part-A", the tooling design scheme is shown in Figure 2. According to the size of the C-shaped groove, select a shaft with a diameter of φ60mm and a length of 1000mm for positioning, and assist a corresponding base 1-1 to place and position the shaft 1-2 and place the workpiece, as shown in Figure 2. The reason why the positioning shaft is fixed by bolts instead of welding is that welding deformation will affect the accuracy of the tooling.

The tooling is "1# tooling". The 1# tooling 1 is mainly composed of base 1-1, positioning shaft 1-2, closing bolt 1-3, locking pressure block 1-4, locking bolt 1-5, etc. Partial components and non-standard parts are all obtained through processing methods, thus ensuring the accuracy requirements of the tooling.

The tooling required for processing "processing part-B" is shown in Figure 4. At this time, "processing part-A" has survived. The tooling in this step is mainly based on the processed semi-circular arc surface. , considering that the workpiece 3 and the tooling may be misaligned with each other, a positioning key is added on the half shaft by utilizing the feature of a keyway on the workpiece 3. In this way, the accuracy of the relative position and size of the workpiece is guaranteed. This tooling is "2# tooling", 2# tooling 2 is composed of base 2-1, positioning half shaft 2-2, closing bolt 2-3, pressing bolt 2-4, positioning key 2-5 and other parts, still The semi-axis for positioning is fixed by means of bolts and handles, which ensures the accuracy requirements of the tooling.

2. Processing process:

With the above-mentioned tooling, the machining of the workpiece can be realized on a common boring machine. The processing of A and B parts is carried out on different equipment. Firstly, the tooling is installed on the equipment for adjustment and alignment. After that, only the workpiece is loaded and unloaded each time, and the tooling does not move. This saves a lot of alignment time and adopts assembly line operation. Processing in a unique way, thereby reducing unnecessary man-hour consumption, improving work efficiency and shortening the processing cycle.

For the processing of "Part A", first clamp the workpiece on the "1# tooling". See attached drawings 1 and 5 for the usage status. Considering that there is a gap between the positioning shaft and the C-shaped groove, the clamping is corrected. It is required to close one side of the C-shaped groove to the tooling shaft. After that, each workpiece can be close to the tooling shaft at the same position. The processing steps are as follows:

a. Mill the handle and contact surface with the upper cover, the 1.5mm step is not processed first, and the plane of the bolt is milled to keep the dimension 50;

b. Drill 10-φ13 handle and bolt holes;

c. Install the upper cover, bolts, nuts and washers, and bore two φ110 holes at part A;

d. Remove the upper cover, and mill the 1.5mm step platform at the 120 wide shaft seat and the 14H9 keyway.

For the processing of "Part B", the workpiece is clamped on the "2# tooling". See the attached drawings 3 and 6 for the usage status. For alignment, use the forming tool to process the four processing surfaces at the edge of the C-shaped groove.

Claims (4)

1. processing method of special-shaped workpiece, carry out workpiece processing on lathe, it is characterized in that: adopt the frock mode to process, frock is assemblied on lathe, carry out the frock centering, workpiece is assemblied on frock, the fastening rear special-shaped workpiece processing of carrying out on lathe, it is motionless that workpiece machines rear frock, and the dismounting workpiece carries out new workpiece processing; The frock utilization has been processed the semicircle cambered surface that survives and has been positioned for benchmark, utilizes keyway on workpiece, has added a positioning key on semiaxis; Frock adopts bolt that the mode of closing is fixed positioning half-axle by base, positioning half-axle, consist of closing bolt, hold-down bolt, positioning key, has guaranteed the required precision of frock.

2. processing method of special-shaped workpiece according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt the frock mode to add man-hour, workpiece process is pipeline system, and frock quantity is 2-4.

3. processing method of special-shaped workpiece according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when workpiece was assemblied on frock, frock was provided with the positioning half-axle corresponding with workpiece, positioning key or dowel hole.

4. processing method of special-shaped workpiece according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when workpiece is assemblied on frock, with bolt with workpiece and frock are fastening put together on together with.

Images