CN101567414B - Light-emitting diode chip and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Light-emitting diode chip and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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CN101567414B
CN101567414B CN2009100525579A CN200910052557A CN101567414B CN 101567414 B CN101567414 B CN 101567414B CN 2009100525579 A CN2009100525579 A CN 2009100525579A CN 200910052557 A CN200910052557 A CN 200910052557A CN 101567414 B CN101567414 B CN 101567414B
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layer
concave
sapphire substrate
light
emitting diode
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CN101567414A (en
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袁根如
郝茂盛
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Shanghai Blue Light Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Blue Light Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a light-emitting diode chip, which comprises a first stacked structure, an N electrode and a second stacked structure; wherein the frist stacked structure is formed by a sapphire substrate, a buffer layer and an N-type semiconductor layer sequentially, and the second stacked is formed by an active area light emitting layer, a P-type semiconductor layer and a P electrode layer sequentially, wherein the N electrode and the second stacked structure are arranged on the surface of the N-shaped semiconductor layer of the first stacked structure separately, the buffer layer isarranged on one surface of the sapphire substrate, and the other surface thereof is provided with a reflecting mirror layer with a concave and convex microstructure. The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the light-emitting diode chip, which comprises the steps of: growing the buffer layer, the N-type semiconductor layer, the active area light emitting layer, the P-type semiconductor layer, the N electrode, a transparent electrode ITO layer and the P electrode on one surface of the sapphire substrate; and manufacturing the concave and convex microstructure and the reflecting mirror layer on another surface of the sapphire substrate. The invention has the beneficial effects of effectively improving the external quantum efficiency and the brightness of the light-emitting diode.

Description

A kind of light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit and manufacturing approach thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit and manufacturing approach thereof, particularly a kind of substrate lower surface has the convex-concave micro-structural and reaches by SiO 2Thin layer and metallic diaphragm are combined to form the light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit and the manufacturing approach thereof of mirror layer.
Background technology
Light-emitting diode have weak point long, start-up time in life-span, sound construction, energy-conservation, luminous element points of proximity light source, slim light fixture material range of choice big, need not to apply reflector, low pressure, no ultra-violet radiation, in PE, use safer, its light source production mercuryless, for plurality of advantages such as environmental protection and energy savings are significant; Therefore, outside the building taking bright, Landscape Lighting, sign and indicative illumination, interior space display lighting, public place of entertainment into consideration has a wide range of applications in fields such as stage illumination, lighting, video screen and industrial design in one's power.Especially large-power light-emitting diodes possibly realized semiconductor solid lighting because of it, causes the revolution of human illumination history, thereby becomes the research focus of present person in electronics gradually.In order to obtain the LED of high brightness; Key needs to improve the internal quantum efficiency and the external quantum efficiency of device; And the chip light extraction efficiency is the principal element of limiting device external quantum efficiency; Main cause is that the refractive index difference between epitaxial material, backing material and the air is bigger, and the light that causes active area to produce can not be derived chip in the generation total reflection of different refractivity material interface.See also Fig. 1, when the photon P that gives off with incidence angle θ 1Arrive first wall w1, after reflection can be with incidence angle θ 2Arrive the second wall w2, once more can be after the reflection with incidence angle θ 3Arrive the 3rd wall w3, then by incidence angle θ 2=90 °-θ 1, θ 31, the material that light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit adopted all has a light escape taper critical angle (light escape cone critical angle), therefore, as long as the incidence angle θ of photon P 1Satisfy condition: light escape taper critical angle<θ 1During<90 °-light escape taper critical angle, then photon will be because of constantly being caused the consumption of energy in chip by the reflection of each wall, finally can't bright dipping, reduced light extraction efficiency.
Proposed several kinds of methods that improve the chip light extraction efficiencies in the prior art, having comprised: 1) adopted geometric shape, reduce the propagation distance of light, reduce the absorption loss of light at chip internal such as the structural change chip of inverted pyramid etc.; 2) adopt such as structure controls such as resonant cavity or photonic crystal and change spontaneous radiation; 3) adopt method for coarsening surface, make semiconductor and the air interface generation diffusion of light, increase the chance of its projection in alligatoring; 4) utilize technological means such as reversing welding technology.Wherein, existing coarsening technique is only to N type semiconductor or P type semiconductor surface or avris mostly, and improves luminous efficiency through back side evaporation metal mirror layer, but the speculum of being made up of simple metal is very limited to the lifting of brightness.
Therefore, how to break through prior art raising light emission rate and become the technical task that those skilled in the art need to be resolved hurrily in fact.
Summary of the invention
Technical scheme to be solved of the present invention provides a kind of light-emitting diode and manufacturing approach thereof of high light-emitting rate.
For solving technique scheme; The present invention provides a kind of light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit; Comprise successively by Sapphire Substrate, resilient coating, and the first cascade structure that forms of n type semiconductor layer, the N electrode and successively by active area luminescent layer, p type semiconductor layer, reach the second layer stack structure that the P electrode layer forms; Wherein, Said N electrode and second layer stack structure are in the N type semiconductor laminar surface of said first cascade structure discretely, and said resilient coating is in said Sapphire Substrate one surface, and another surface of said Sapphire Substrate has concave-convex micro-structure; The surface that said Sapphire Substrate has concave-convex micro-structure has one deck mirror layer of corresponding concave-convex micro-structure shape with it, and said mirror layer comprises SiO 2Thin layer and metallic diaphragm.
Preferably, said concave-convex micro-structure shape is periodic arrangement.
Preferable, said SiO 2Thin layer thickness is 10-10000 , said metallic diaphragm thickness is 10-20000
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000088492100012
Preferable, said SiO 2Thin layer thickness is 100-5000
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000088492100013
, said metallic diaphragm thickness is 100-10000
Preferable, said metallic diaphragm is an aluminum membranous layer.
The present invention also provides a kind of manufacturing approach of light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit; May further comprise the steps: steps A, on Sapphire Substrate one surface grown buffer layer successively, n type semiconductor layer, active area luminescent layer, and p type semiconductor layer, and make transparency electrode ITO layer and the P electrode that is in the N electrode of said N type semiconductor laminar surface and is in said P type semiconductor laminar surface; Step B, make concave-convex micro-structure on another surface of said Sapphire Substrate; Step C, on said concave-convex micro-structure, form mirror layer, wherein, the manufacturing approach of said mirror layer is: adopting the pecvd process layer thickness of growing is 10-10000
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000088492100015
SiO 2Thin layer adopts electron beam evaporation plating mode or sputter mode at said SiO again 2Thin layer surface vapor deposition one layer thickness is 10-20000
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000088492100016
Metallic diaphragm.
Preferable, before step B, also comprise step with another surperficial attenuate of Sapphire Substrate, polishing.
Preferable; The manufacture method of said concave-convex micro-structure is: make one deck mask layer at reducing thin of sapphire substrate, polished surface; The thickness of said mask layer is 0.5um-4um; On said mask layer, produce convex-concave pattern,, and adopt dry etch process that said convex-concave pattern is transferred on the Sapphire Substrate then through hard roasting.
Preferable; The manufacture method of said concave-convex micro-structure is: make one deck photoresist at reducing thin of sapphire substrate, polished surface; The thickness of photoresist is 0.5um-4um; Adopt photoetching process on photoresist, to produce convex-concave pattern, then through hard roasting, and adopt dry etch process with the photoresist figure transfer on Sapphire Substrate.
Preferable, said dry etch process is the ICP dry etch process.
Preferable, said concave-convex micro-structure is periodic arrangement.
Preferable, said SiO 2Thin layer thickness is 100-5000 , said metallic diaphragm thickness is 100-10000
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000088492100018
Preferable, said metallic diaphragm is an aluminum membranous layer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: can effectively improve LED external quantum efficiency, promote the brightness of light-emitting diode.
Description of drawings
The total reflection sketch map takes place for the light that active area produces in Fig. 1 at a certain refraction materials interface.
Fig. 2 is a light emitting diode construction sketch map provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Specify the preferred embodiments of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See also Fig. 2; Light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit provided by the invention comprises Sapphire Substrate 1; Successively at Sapphire Substrate 1 one epontic resilient coating 2 and n type semiconductor layers 3; Above-mentioned three constitutes the first cascade structure, and the active area luminescent layer 4 of growth, p type semiconductor layer 5 and P electrode layer constitute second layer stack structure successively, and said P electrode layer comprises transparency electrode ITO layer 6 and P electrode 7; N electrode 8 and said second layer stack structure are in n type semiconductor layer 3 surfaces of said first cascade structure discretely; Another surface of Sapphire Substrate 1 is a concave-convex micro-structure, and said concave-convex micro-structure can be periodic arrangement, and growth has all good mirror layers 9 of reflecting effect of the corresponding with it concave-convex micro-structure shape of one deck on said concave-convex micro-structure.Speculum 9 comprises that thickness is 10-
Figure G2009100525579D00031
SiO 2Thin layer and thickness are 10-
Figure G2009100525579D00032
Metallic diaphragm.Under preferable situation, said SiO 2Thin layer thickness is 100-
Figure G2009100525579D00033
Said metallic diaphragm thickness is 100-
Figure G2009100525579D00034
And said metallic diaphragm is an aluminum membranous layer.
For making above-mentioned luminous dual-laser, the present invention provides a kind of process, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, on a surface of Sapphire Substrate 1 grown buffer layer 2 and n type semiconductor layer 3 successively, wherein, resilient coating 2 is the resilient coating of prior art, n type semiconductor layer is the n type semiconductor layer of prior art;
Step 2, at a superficial growth active area luminescent layer 4 of n type semiconductor layer 3, and p type semiconductor layer 5; And make the transparency electrode ITO layer 6 and P electrode 7 be in the N electrode 7 of said N type semiconductor laminar surface and be in said P type semiconductor laminar surface; Wherein, active area luminescent layer 4, p type semiconductor layer 5, transparency electrode ITO layer 6 and P electrode 7 are active area luminescent layer, p type semiconductor layer, transparency electrode ITO layer and the P electrode of prior art;
Step 3, with Sapphire Substrate 1 another surperficial attenuate, polishing; Adopt the technology of making graph substrate to make concave-convex micro-structure at Sapphire Substrate 1 attenuate, polished surface; The manufacture method of said concave-convex micro-structure is: make one deck mask layer at reducing thin of sapphire substrate, polished surface, the thickness of said mask layer is 0.5um-4um, on said mask layer, produces convex-concave pattern; Bake through hard then, and adopt dry etch process that said convex-concave pattern is transferred on the Sapphire Substrate; Under a preferable situation; Said mask layer is a photoresist layer; The thickness of said photoresist layer is 0.5um-4um, adopts photoetching process on photoresist, to produce convex-concave pattern, then through hard roasting; And adopt the ICP dry etch process with the photoresist figure transfer to substrate, said concave-convex micro-structure can be the concave-convex micro-structure of periodic arrangement;
Step 4, on said concave-convex micro-structure growth mirror layer 9, the manufacturing approach of speculum 9 is: adopting the pecvd process layer thickness of growing is 10-10000
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000088492100021
SiO 2Thin layer adopts electron-beam coating equipment or sputtering equipment at SiO again 2Thin layer surface vapor deposition one layer thickness is 10-20000
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000088492100022
Aluminum membranous layer because the lower surface of Sapphire Substrate 1 has concave-convex micro-structure, the mirror layer 9 that therefore grows on this concave-convex micro-structure is the concave-convex micro-structure shape, under preferable situation, said SiO 2Thin layer thickness is 100-5000
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000088492100023
, said metallic diaphragm thickness is 100-10000
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000088492100024
, and said metallic diaphragm is an aluminum membranous layer.
See also following table 1, it is contrast experiment's data of speculum technology of the present invention and existing speculum technology:
Table 1:
Back of the body plating speculum technology Voltage (v) Wavelength (nm) Luminous power (mw)
Ti/Al 3.33 461 88.9
SiO 2/Al 3.29 461 127.4
Visible by table 1, by SiO 2The speculum that thin layer and aluminum membranous layer are combined into is higher by 43.3% than the speculum brightness of conventional Ti rete and aluminum membranous layer combination.
See also table 2 again,
Table 2:
? Voltage (v) Wavelength (nm) Luminous power (mw)
Concave-convex micro-structure is arranged, and speculum is arranged 3.31 461.28 164.1
Do not have concave-convex micro-structure, but speculum is arranged 3.32 462.46 130.6
By on can find out that the tube core that Sapphire Substrate 1 another surface has concave-convex micro-structure is higher by 25.6% than the tube core brightness that does not have concave-convex micro-structure.
In sum, the present invention is because another surface of Sapphire Substrate 1 is a concave-convex micro-structure, therefore; Change light reflection approach, and had special reflectors, thereby can improve light extraction efficiency greatly; Improve the external quantum efficiency of chip, and then improve the chip brightness of light-emitting diode.
Above embodiment is the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only.Do not break away from any modification or the local replacement of spirit and scope of the invention, all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit; Comprise successively by Sapphire Substrate, resilient coating, and the first cascade structure that forms of n type semiconductor layer; The N electrode; By active area luminescent layer, p type semiconductor layer, and the second layer stack structure that forms of P electrode layer, wherein, said N electrode and second layer stack structure are in the N type semiconductor laminar surface of said first cascade structure discretely successively; Said resilient coating is in said Sapphire Substrate one surface; Said light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit is characterised in that: another surface of said Sapphire Substrate has concave-convex micro-structure, and the surface that said Sapphire Substrate has concave-convex micro-structure has one deck mirror layer of corresponding concave-convex micro-structure shape with it, and said mirror layer comprises SiO 2Thin layer and aluminum membranous layer;
Said concave-convex micro-structure shape is periodic arrangement; Said SiO 2Thin layer thickness does
Figure FSB00000774770400011
Said aluminium film layer thickness does
Figure FSB00000774770400012
2. light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said SiO 2Thin layer thickness does Said aluminium film layer thickness does
Figure FSB00000774770400014
3. the manufacturing approach of a light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Steps A, on Sapphire Substrate one surface grown buffer layer successively, n type semiconductor layer, active area luminescent layer, and p type semiconductor layer, and make transparency electrode ITO layer and the P electrode that is in the N electrode of said N type semiconductor laminar surface and is in said P type semiconductor laminar surface;
Step B, make concave-convex micro-structure on another surface of said Sapphire Substrate; Said concave-convex micro-structure is periodic arrangement;
Step C, on said concave-convex micro-structure, form mirror layer, wherein, the manufacturing approach of said mirror layer is: adopt the pecvd process layer thickness of growing to do SiO 2Thin layer adopts electron beam evaporation plating mode or sputter mode at said SiO again 2Thin layer surface vapor deposition one layer thickness does
Figure FSB00000774770400016
Aluminum membranous layer.
4. the manufacturing approach of light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: before step B, also comprise the step with another surperficial attenuate of Sapphire Substrate, polishing.
5. the manufacturing approach of light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit as claimed in claim 4; It is characterized in that; The manufacture method of said concave-convex micro-structure is: make one deck mask layer at reducing thin of sapphire substrate, polished surface, the thickness of said mask layer is 0.5um-4um, on said mask layer, produces convex-concave pattern; Bake through hard then, and adopt dry etch process that said convex-concave pattern is transferred on the Sapphire Substrate.
6. the manufacturing approach of light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that; The manufacture method of said concave-convex micro-structure is: make one deck photoresist at reducing thin of sapphire substrate, polished surface, the thickness of photoresist is 0.5um-4um, adopts photoetching process on photoresist, to produce convex-concave pattern; Then through hard roasting, and adopt dry etch process with the photoresist figure transfer on Sapphire Substrate.
7. like the manufacturing approach of claim 5 or 6 described light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit, it is characterized in that: said dry etch process is the ICP dry etch process.
8. the manufacturing approach of light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: said SiO 2Thin layer thickness does
Figure FSB00000774770400021
Said aluminum membranous layer thickness does
Figure FSB00000774770400022
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CN102082216B (en) * 2009-11-26 2013-04-24 上海蓝光科技有限公司 Light emitting diode chip and manufacturing method thereof
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