CN101564894A - Method for manufacturing composite-material hull of high-speed self-righting ship - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for a manufacturing composite-material hull of a high-speed self-righting ship. Compared with other manufacturing methods, the hull manufactured by the method is high in fiber volume content, few in defects and short in manufacturing time, and then a hull structure with light weight and high strength can be realized so as to satisfy the work of a self-righting hull structure under adverse sea conditions. The method for manufacturing the composite-material hull of the high-speed self-righting ship is mainly divided into two parts, wherein the first part utilizes curing kinetics experiments and rheological experiments of resin systems of the composite-material hull to determine manufacturing process parameters of the composite-material hull of the self-righting ship; and the second part adopts a staged manufacturing process for a self-righting hull plate, removes vacuum-assisted resin leading-in tools after the introduction of a ply-stacking resin at normal temperature is completed, and completes high-temperature co-curing on the resin together with strengthening aggregate.

Description

Method for manufacturing composite-material hull of high-speed self-righting ship

Technical field

This invention is applied to the high-performance composite materials hull and makes the field, is specially method for manufacturing composite-material hull of high-speed self-righting ship.

Background technology

Self-righter has permanent stability, as shown in Figure 1, promptly laterally overturns arbitrarily angled 1,2,3 times at hull, and righting arm 4 all greater than zero, all can return to normal condition by righting arm.Self-righter belongs to a kind of of ship, possesses the vessel designs general rule, and promptly the design of centre of gravity of hull is low as far as possible, makes it stable.Yet, when self-righter is reversed, 180 angles particularly, buoyancy mainly relies on the hull superstructure, and this superstructure volume of just wishing self-righter is big, and displacement is many, so that bigger buoyancy to be provided.The superstructure volume is big, causes the position of centre of gravity of hull to rise, and this contradicts with the ship design of centre of gravity.Simultaneously, self-righter is (or even synergy of violent typhoon and severe sea condition) when relief under severe sea condition, hull overturns, its superstructure becomes hull bottom, require it to have enough intensity and shock resistance to guarantee personnel's safety, increase superstructure weight, further promoted the center of gravity of ship, increased the weight of the contradiction of existing ship design of centre of gravity.The self-righter body is built need seek balance in hull design of centre of gravity contradiction, adopt traditional hull material (such as wooden, steel, aluminium alloy) to carry out the construction of self-righter, the weight of superstructure can cause the hull center of gravity to raise, and then having prolonged structure from setting upright required time, existing self-righter is 10-20 second from setting upright the time.A kind of method that develops into solution hull design of centre of gravity contradiction of advanced composite material and structure thereof.Hai Si than ships and light boats development in science and technology Co., Ltd research and development self-righter process in, carbon fiber, aramid fiber and the superstructure of high-strength cellular type core structure building hull have been used, both guaranteed the original design of hull, realized the purpose of superstructure high-strength light again, successful construction first round-the-clock on the Chinese vessel history from setting upright speedboat, the fastest from the time of setting upright only is 2.8 seconds, and than also lacking 3.2 seconds in existing 6 seconds in the world, prestissimo has reached 30 joints.In the self-righter manufacture process, we have adopted planking vacuum suction technology and high temperature co-curing, have realized the high-strength light of Ship Structure.The manufacture method of our invention has overcome the shortcoming that existing vacuum assisted resin introducing technology hardening time is long and final state of cure can't guarantee; Improve vacuum assisted resin importing construction technology and finished the high defective of composite voidage that the planking curing molding is caused, finally realized the reduction hull manufacturing cycle, reduced the defective of composite, improved the purpose of its overall performance.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of method for manufacturing composite-material hull of high-speed self-righting ship.Its principal character: utilize the cure kinetics of composite resin system peculiar to vessel, rheol result of study to instruct the hot setting time of planking shop layer vacuum assisted resin introducing technology and reinforcement aggregate and planking co-curing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 self-righter principle schematic.

Accompanying drawing: 1-normal condition schematic diagram, 2-turn over and turn 90 degrees schematic diagram, 3-inversion state schematic diagram, the righting arm figure under the 4-different angles.

Fig. 2 resin system curing process peculiar to vessel schematic diagram.

Accompanying drawing: 5-room temperature platform temperature, 6-high temperature platform temperature.

Fig. 3 vacuum assisted resin introductory technique moulding process schematic diagram.

Accompanying drawing: 7-composite, 8-vacuum bag, 9-block, 10-release cloth, 11-flow-guiding cloth, 12-resin inlet, the outlet of 13-resin.

Fig. 4 strengthens the structural representation of aggregate.

Accompanying drawing: 14-composite, 15-core, 16-planking.

Specific embodiments

The invention provides a kind of self-righter hull made from composite material manufacture method, its objective is to produce intensity height, lightweight high-performance hull to adapt to the severe sea condition condition.At first determine the curing performance model and the construction technology control point of hull resin system, and with it manufacture method that instructs planking and strengthen aggregate, concrete manufacture method is as follows:

(a) composite material solidification technological parameter peculiar to vessel and technology controlling and process point determines

The curing process parameter that resin system peculiar to vessel producer is provided can't be taken into account different construction, need study its concrete curing performance.Consider the manufacture method of hull integral body, the composite resin system of planking will be consistent with reinforcement aggregate composite resin system; Consider that hot setting can accelerate the resin system curing rate, reduces molding cycle, improve the advantage of composite resin system state of cure performance, the resin system of selecting for use peculiar to vessel possesses room temperature and hot setting ability, and the hot setting temperature of its hot setting temperature and curing agent is consistent.

The curing process parameter of resin system determines that by the resin solidification dynamics research cure kinetics mainly is research resin system state of cure (to call curing degree in the following text) and temperature-time relationship, and its mathematic(al) representation is:

$\frac{\mathrm{d\α}}{\mathrm{dt}}=f\left(\mathrm{\α}\right)K\left(T\right)---\left(1\right)$

F (α) mechanism function wherein, K (T) is a speed constant, and obeys the Arrhenius equation:

$K\left(T\right)=\mathrm{Aexp}(-\frac{E_{\mathrm{\α}}}{\mathrm{RT}})---\left(2\right)$

Wherein A is a pre-exponential factor, E _αIt is apparent activation energy.Set up the relation of the curing degree and the temperature-time of resin system, demand mechanism function f (α), activation energy E _αWith pre-exponential factor A, this part work is asked with relevant cure kinetics model by non-isothermal DSC (differential scanning calorimeter), and selecting kinetic model here is to wait the conversion ratio model.Planking vacuum assisted resin introducing technology control point is by the resin gel point control, and promptly resin system viscosity uprushes.Determining of gel point is that rheological experiment by the resin system room temperature determines that the gel time of self-righter body resin system is 1 hour.And, determine the resin pairing curing degree of gel point at room temperature by formula (1), its curing degree is 0.40.

Two platform temperature curing process have been adopted from the hull made from composite material manufacture method of setting upright, as shown in Figure 2.First platform temperature 5 is a room temperature, and time T 1 is controlled at (smaller or equal to 1 hour) before the resin system gel time, is primarily aimed at the vacuum assisted resin introductory technique manufacture method of planking.Second platform temperature 6 is the high temperature platform, and we select 80 degrees centigrade of solidification temperatures here, calculates by formula (1) and (2), and time T 2 is 2 hours.Therefore, planking has adopted the vacuum assisted resin introductory technique to finish the room temperature manufacture process, removes vacuum assisted resin introductory technique frock, places in the curing oven with strengthening aggregate, and high temperature is finished the co-curing process.

(b) set upright the manufacturing of high-speed craft hull made from composite material certainly

(1) vacuum assisted resin introductory technique normal temperature is made planking

The construction technology of planking adopts the vacuum assisted resin introductory technique, and this method can improve the fiber content in the composite, the composite part compacting functions of realization, and its concrete technology is as shown in Figure 3.Lay composite layer 7 has a spot of colloid bonding, the mode that lays that is maintained fixed between every layer.The release cloth 10 with certain voidage is arranged on top at the compound material laying layer, the flow-guiding cloth 11 in bigger space is arranged on release cloth 10 tops, it is outside with vacuum bag 8 sealings, at composite horizontal location arrangements block 9, prevents the bottom horizontal flow sheet (being the reference axis directions X) of resin.Arrange importing resin mouth 12 in the vacuum bag both sides respectively and derive resin mouth 13, import resin mouth 12 and directly link to each other, derive resin mouth 13 and link to each other with vavuum pump with plastic holding device.Importing the resin mouth will suck in the bag resin because of the reason of negative pressure in the bag, enter the compound material laying layer by flow-guiding cloth and release cloth.The key of its technology is to control resin flow, i.e. the gel time of resin, and rheological experiment is defined as 1 hour.If the compound material laying layer continues curing molding according to traditional vacuum assisted resin introducing technology, air in the resin is driven it because of the reason of vacuum bag negative pressure and is flowed to layer top, shop, resin system will continue to take place curing to a certain degree in the process of flowing, so final result causes air bubble to be trapped in certain position of shop layer thickness probably, increased voidage in the composite, reduced the composite overall performance, the planking that directly adopts the vacuum assisted resin introductory technique to produce can't satisfy the purpose of self-righter body high-strength light.Therefore, self-righter coverboard manufacture method adopts split-level, promptly finishes the vacuum assisted resin introducing technology under the self-righter coverboard shop layer room temperature, is cured after the frock of dismounting resin vacuum aided introducing technology.The manufacturing of this manufacture method stage by stage has novelty from setting upright on the hull made from composite material, can reduce the voidage of composite in the curing molding process.

(2) prepreg overlay is realized the lay of aggregate

The aggregate of hull is the main supporting part of structure, and the quality of its intensity directly has influence on whole Ship Structure performance.Therefore, the lay material of aggregate is selected the form of prepreg.Fig. 4 has provided the schematic cross-section of aggregate structure, comprises composite part 14 and core part 15.Composite part 14 mainly provides the intensity support, and core 15 first provides the shape support, and second increases the inertia distance of aggregate.In the manufacture process, at first core is made the shape of strengthening aggregate.Utilize resin to soak into the core outer surface, guarantee the adhesive property of core and composite, then material prepreg is carried out lay.After the aggregate lay finishes, it is placed into the position (planking has been finished the room temperature manufacturing) that planking 16 needs reinforcement.Placing reinforcement aggregate portion a little resin of cloth, aggregate and planking are connected.

(3) the high temperature co-curing of planking and aggregate

After the frock of planking vacuum assisted resin introducing technology is removed, form integral body with strengthening aggregate by the high temperature co-curing, promptly planking and reinforcement aggregate form hull, put it in the sintering oven to be cured.Whole hull is put into sintering oven, opens temperature switch, and it is adjusted to the temperature of hot setting platform.The complete hardening time that composite material solidification moulding hot setting time main reference resin system cure kinetics is calculated, actual hardening time was greater than 2 hours computing times, be 3 hours promptly, guarantee the completion of cure of resin system from setting upright the hull made from composite material hot setting time.By the experiment of composite material solidification degree, the curing degree average that has obtained our manufacture methods is 0.92, is higher than the state of cure 0.81 of same resin system under the room temperature.And, solidify the required time and be less than 5 hours of cold curing, reduced the hull made from composite material manufacturing cycle.

(c) self-righter hull made from composite material manufacture method advantage

One of self-righter hull made from composite material manufacture method advantage that we invented: according to the concrete technology of planking, adopted the curing strategy of two platforms, it is room temperature fabrication stage assisted resin introductory technique, reduced resin content in the composite, at hot stage, remove its frock and be cured, can reduce the voidage in the composite.Two of advantage: strengthen aggregate and adopt the prepreg lay, guarantee fiber volume fraction and construction quality.Three of advantage is: the high temperature co-curing can guarantee that resin solidification is complete, reduces manufacturing time, improves the hull overall performance.Use the hull of this manufactured, its fiber volume fraction height, defective is few, manufacturing time is short.

Claims (3)

1. the invention provides a kind of method for manufacturing composite-material hull of high-speed self-righting ship, be primarily characterized in that, utilize the cure kinetics experiment and the rheological experiment of composite resin system peculiar to vessel to determine its technological parameter, the composite material manufacturing technology cycle comprises cold curing and two platforms of hot setting (80 degree), time was respectively 1 hour and 2 hours, and time parameter directly instructs the vacuum assisted resin introducing technology of planking shop layer and strengthens the hot setting time of aggregate and planking co-curing;

2. method for manufacturing composite-material hull of high-speed self-righting ship according to claim 1, be primarily characterized in that, self-righter coverboard manufacture method adopts split-level, be to finish the vacuum assisted resin introducing technology under the layer room temperature of self-righter coverboard shop, be cured after the frock of dismounting resin vacuum aided introducing technology, can have reduced the voidage of composite in the curing molding process;

3. method for manufacturing composite-material hull of high-speed self-righting ship according to claim 1, be primarily characterized in that, the complete hardening time that composite material solidification moulding hot setting time main reference resin system cure kinetics is calculated, be 3 hours actual hardening time, greater than 2 hours computing times, this measure guarantees the completion of cure of resin system, improves the composite overall performance.

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