CN1078951A - Shipwreck not - Google Patents

Abstract

The ship that cannot not the present invention relates to heavyly.It is to add the composite material, particularly foamed plastic of proportion much smaller than water in the underdeck cabin of ship and buoyancy compartment, makes gear that permanent buoyancy be arranged.Hull bottom disposed about weight below the center of gravity of ship makes ship as " tumbler " again, can restore automatically when tilting or tumbling.The present invention has eliminated the internal cause of ship sinking effectively, has improved the stability of ship, and resistance to sinking and anti-overturning also can not sink and tumble ship when running into contingency.

Description

Shipwreck not

The present invention relates to a kind of not shipwreck, the civilian cargo-passenger ship that especially cannot not relate to heavyly, high-grade yacht and will have the process etc. of common ship reform (making) Cheng Buchen now.

Boats and ships are one of original and the most ancient since the dawn of human civilization vehicle, once and continue as human civilization (the particularly commercial affairs of all states in west in history, politics, military development) and play (mistake) and beyond measure facilitation.Columbus also is great pioneering work and, the common people respect widely known especially to the mankind's greatness contribution of having found american new world by going by ship transoceanic oceangoing voyage! So up to now, boats and ships remain that people (particularly coastal and the area in river) near a river know well most, like most, one of the vehicle of most economical and most convenient.

But up to this point, few to simple sampan, canoe, boat (motion is special-purpose), elephant hide ship, to premium-quality iron and steel, synthetic material, monomer, binary, passenger traffic, shipping, amphibious, hydrofoil, air-sprung, hundred tons, kiloton and even various boats and ships more than ten thousand tons, all jointly there is a kind of fearful, fatal shortcoming-sinking greatly!

Since ancient times, a lot of effort was once done in incidence and the danger of people in order to reduce shipwreck, such as: a plurality of buoyancy compartments are set on hull construction, collision mat, circle, net, hammer, and make double bottom etc.Buoy quoit, life boat, meteorological radar, radio station, satellite navigation, fire-fighting system, sonar detection all are installed on the facility to some extent, also have a bit

Application process or the like.This can significantly reduce the case of shipwreck and personnel's injures and deaths beyond doubt.But this is all only reducing in varying degrees, avoided (external cause) case of shipwreck and is increasing the navigability of boats and ships and the means of seeking survival, and and the main shield-internal cause of failing to accomplish effectively thoroughly to overcome shipwreck!

Well-known, the weather environment of (big rivers), navigation channel, current change or the like unusual complicatedly and constantly and irregularly change because the ocean, and be: There are billows three feet high even if there is no wind, and wind hilltop wave is arranged.So, appreciiable shipwreck incident still all takes place so far all over the world every year, bring CR Critical loss for human lives and properties! Startling in history great shipwreck incident is innumerable, for example: " Tie Dani " number large-scale senior cruise of world-shaking the forties Britain hits the iceberg and is submerged in ice sea, the Atlantic Ocean, China after liberation first (self design) ten thousand tons of ocean liner " number of making a leapleap forward " strike a rock and sink the superluxurious senior large-scale cruise in the Sea of Japan and the seventies U.S. in latter stage " sea God number " in the Gibraltar, Mediterranean in danger turning over and sinking or the like, stay dense shade psychologically still for so far history of marine navigation and people, more make common people to shipwreck just like turning pale at the mention of the tiger! Much mould blurred saying in addition therebetween with pouncing on of superstitious color.

In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of (existing multiple boats and ships are reached) not (model) feature, design and production method and structural form of shipwreck effectively on the basis that does not change original profile and navigation ability substantially.

Existing all various boats and ships are in order to prevent and reduce the danger of seagoing vessel, all be to adopt cabin belowdecks to be provided with a plurality of buoyancy compartments (each inside, cabin of watertight compartment is then absolutely empty without exception) on hull construction to increase the resistance to sinking of ship, but this can not thoroughly overcome the danger of sinking, once meet when one or more contingencies (external cause) cause a plurality of cabins or ship large tracts of land, comprehensive water inlet simultaneously and damage are big entirely, ship has not just sunk unavoidably.This is because the cause (internal cause) that water inlet too much causes the buoyancy of ship to disappear.

Basic goal of the present invention, feature, form, method and novelty: (one) causes permanent buoyancy belowdecks; Run at ship that to hull (shell) layer is damaged such as bumping against, hit a submerged reef etc., under many damaged conditions of perforation (comprising that large tracts of land is impaired) even shipbody deformation, fracture (the single hull overwhelming majority is cross fracture usually), the buoyancy of each buoyancy compartment could (could not) not have great change and minimizing yet, more can not disappear! (even hull is cross-section to be cleaved into two and to cut greatly, and each section floats on the water surface on all still can be separately).This is because the big feature of shipwreck one is not: under any circumstance displacement all must keep (just often) and be slightly larger than self weight of (containing passenger-cargo) of (during water inlet) this ship! Promptly-permanent buoyancy!

Its formula is as follows:

Permanent buoyancy=(normal (constant) displacement=hull total weight)/(limit (constant) displacement＞hull total weight)

CHFT＝ (ZHBT＝CHT)/(JBT＞CHT)

Common buoyancy=(normal (variable) displacement=hull total weight)/(limit (variable) displacement＜hull total weight)

PFT＝ (ZHKT＝CHT)/(JKT＜CHT)

So this not shipwreck under any circumstance can both can float on the water surface in not sinking on self all the time as (light essence) " buoy quoit ".

That (two) merges " tumbler " does not fall principle and feature in hull.

The principle of not falling of " tumbler " mainly is low center of gravity, (the fixed in position weight is in the bottom of center of gravity) Gao Qiwei and the slick and sly profile of its uniqueness.It also can lean on the action of gravity moment of self to automatically reply the original position parastate when toppling when " tumbler " influenced by external force to reach 90 ° even 180 ° to knockdown.Its action of gravity process mainly be force of gravity act on the remarkable inequality of (inclination) " tumbler " when whole (and this inequality does not have other power again low disappear or supports) bottom it suffered suction (gravity) be far longer than the cause of its middle and upper part.In addition, the shared height in middle and upper part of " tumbler " father-in-law body often is no less than 1 times of bottom (weight position height) and is not more than about 15 times usually.Otherwise it is not obvious that it " does not fall " phenomenon, even have the handle hand to stay like the bullet just like a ball or one.This favourable its homing (parallel) state rapidly smoothly of the bottom of " tumbler " and the many oval in shape in middle and upper part and smooth in appearance (this is just like the bottom of most of boats and ships and the outer shape of hull) in addition.The principle that Here it is " tumbler ", feature, structure and phenomenon place.Shipwreck has not used this principle and the structural attitude of " tumbler ", make ship meet (irresistible) external force and reach, as storm, billow, bump against and reach 45 ° or 90 ° even 180 ° to knockdown and also can automatically reply former normal parastate when toppling as " tumbler ", turn over (side) heavy (not having) this common danger and disaster thereby overcome ship effectively.

More than be the basic goal and the feature place of not shipwreck, letter is generally as follows:

Not heavy (turning over) ship is: permanent buoyancy+" not falling " power.

Purpose method of the present invention is achieved in that

(1) add the composite material, particularly foamed plastic (foamed glue) of proportion much smaller than water in cabin and buoyancy compartment, the quantity of adding is slightly larger than the volume with heavy water such as the displacement of ship at least.Require the most handy special injection molded of foamed plastic simultaneously, be filled on the spot in the cabin and buoyancy compartment of ship with some monoblocks (as far as possible need not broken loose and fitfull) unoccupied place letter of not leaving a blank, adding door at last seals, and some little lattices will be divided in each cabin, add by outset part in the cabin and to put wire netting, reducing ship outer casing when damaged, foamed plastic is not by towards broken and unlikely outflow and the intensity that increases each cabin.The novelty place of Here it is cabin of the present invention, it had both kept the original stiffness of hull, stress etc., utilize again foamed plastic matter spy gently, not (contain, thoroughly) suction, the special advantage of not rotted by water logging (erosion), make gear that permanent buoyancy be arranged.When bilging, it can stop effectively and control flooding quantity, and rely on its huge buoyancy that ship can not sunk.

(2) 1, as far as possible (containing original driving engine, rudder, screw propeller, big oil drum etc.) heavy groceries thing is placed on the bottom of cabin.2, settle permanent ballasting weight, (weight proportion is big more, it is the smaller the better to take up space, as cast iron, rock, cement concrete etc., want firmly, can not being shifted because of the swing of ship) its arrangement amount should be equivalent to the displacement 1/3 of this ship or above weight, and set is around the hull bottom of the center of gravity below of ship.(annotate: freighter then can utilize the deadweight of goods, and bottom is fixed, when heel is tumbled above 45 °-90 ° or 180 °, the upper strata " or more than the deck " goods is with impouring Jiang Hai, thereby reservation hull itself).More than 1,2, two kinds of weights, add the characteristics that superstructure is lighter than lower floor hull and the passenger is lighter than goods of common ship (more than the deck), constitute the diff-H of its gravity position and hull.The elliptical configuration of hull again (bottom) has exactly played " not falling " principle, structure and the feature of low center of gravity, Gao Qiwei, circle profile this " tumbler ".Thereby make the ship can be when tilting even toppling effectively as " tumbler " automatic recovery, and unlikely turning over and sinking.

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Accompanying drawing is (whole horizontal frontal plane (cabin perspective) organigram of cargo-passenger ship " model " hull with suitable flying power of the present invention.(1) is the ballasting weight among the figure, and weight palpus secure placement is in the lowermost layer of cabin, and the placement amount is equivalent to the displacement 1/3 of ship or above weight at least.(2), (4), (3) are buoyancy compartment, cabin and content weighting material-foamed plastic, addition is slightly larger than the volume with heavy water such as (limit) displacement of ship at least.(5) machine (room) cabin.(6) passenger-cargo cabin should be placed heavy groceries thing here as much as possible.(7) superstructure.(8) lookout towers.(9) hull.(all reclinate graticules of this accompanying drawing are signature of the present invention therebetween).

The present invention has eliminated the internal cause of ship sinking effectively, has improved the stability of ship, and resistance to sinking and anti-overturning also can not sink and tumble ship when running into contingency.

Annotate: because it is complicated unusually to be directed at the factor of shipwreck since the dawn of human civilization, so be necessary to do concrete one by one detailed explanation and argumentation here.

This is the much progress that people's class a operation high-tech means is conquered the big disaster of one on the history of marine navigation! An one big Gospel! Chinese's one invention greatly especially!

(End)

Claims (3)

1, a kind of not shipwreck body is characterized in that being added with in cabin and the buoyancy compartment composite material of proportion much smaller than 1, in addition hull bottom disposed about weight below the center of gravity of ship.

2, not shipwreck according to claim 1 is characterized in that said composite material preferably uses foamed plastic, and addition is for being slightly larger than the volume with heavy water such as (limit) displacement of ship at least.

3, not shipwreck according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said weight preferably cylinder iron, rock or cement concrete, the arrangement amount is for to be equivalent to and the marine railway water yield 1/3 or above weight at least.

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