CN101564770B - High-speed electric main shaft device for lubricating hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearings by adopting water - Google Patents
High-speed electric main shaft device for lubricating hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearings by adopting water Download PDFInfo
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- CN101564770B CN101564770B CN200910022563XA CN200910022563A CN101564770B CN 101564770 B CN101564770 B CN 101564770B CN 200910022563X A CN200910022563X A CN 200910022563XA CN 200910022563 A CN200910022563 A CN 200910022563A CN 101564770 B CN101564770 B CN 101564770B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of equipment manufacture of machine tools, and discloses a high-speed electric main shaft device for lubricating hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearings by adopting water. The device comprises a shell, a front bearing, a back bearing and a main shaft, wherein the front bearing and the back bearing are arranged in the front end part and the back end part of the shell respectively; and the main shaft is supported on the front bearing and the back bearing. The device is characterized in that each bearing is provided with a water supply passage which is communicated with the middle part of the inner wall of the bearing and supplies external lubricating water, two ends of the inner wall of the bearing are provided with a front annular water return groove and a back annular water return groove respectively, and the front annular water return groove and the back annular water return groove are communicated through a drainage passage to drain the lubricating water; and the outsides of the front annular water return groove and the back annular water return groove are provided with a front annular sealing groove and a back annular sealing groove which are positioned on the inner wall of the bearing, and sealing rings are arranged in front annular sealing groove and the back annular sealing groove.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing field of equipment of lathe, be specifically related to a kind of high-speed electric main shaft device that adopts water lubrication dynamic and hydrostatic bearing.
Background technology
The high speed of Digit Control Machine Tool has become irresistible trend in the Modern Manufacturing Technology, and high-speed electric main shaft device is a requisite core component in the Modern High-Speed Digit Control Machine Tool, has very important effect to improving working (machining) efficiency and machining accuracy.At present domestic and international Ultra-High Speed Machine Tools principle axis shafting, the bearing of generally selecting for use has ceramic ball bearing, fluid pressure, dynamic and hydrostatic bearing, air-bearing, magnetic suspension bearing etc.The method that dynamic and hydrostatic bearing combines with hydrostatic with fluid dynamic makes main shaft revolution in oil film supports, and has the advantage of hydrodynamic bearing and hydrostatic bearing concurrently, and rigidity is big, damping is little, the life-span is long, high speed performance is good.Therefore, adopting the electric main shaft device of dynamic and hydrostatic bearing is an important directions of high-speed electric main shaft development.
The electric main shaft device of the dynamic and hydrostatic bearing of using all is to adopt the Supporting Media of lubricating oil as bearing at present, but because oil viscosity is bigger, inner frictional force is also just bigger, power consumption is very big under main shaft high speed rotating condition, therefore caloric value is very big, temperature rise is higher, and this has just limited the raising of the speed of mainshaft, thereby is restricting the application of dynamic and hydrostatic bearing on high rotating speed, high rigidity, large power, electrically main shaft device; In addition, because electric main shaft adopts inner electric machine, the heating of rotor is difficult to distribute, and most of heat is directly passed to main shaft, causes the main shaft expanded by heating, has a strong impact on the machining accuracy of electric main shaft device.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-speed electric main shaft device that adopts water lubrication dynamic and hydrostatic bearing, under the main shaft high speed rotating, its internal friction power is little, and caloric value is little, and temperature rise is low, and support stiffness height, good cooling results.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A kind of high-speed electric main shaft device that adopts water lubrication dynamic and hydrostatic bearing, comprise: housing, be installed in the forward and backward bearing in the forward and backward end of housing respectively, and be supported in main shaft on the forward and backward bearing, it is characterized in that, each bearing be provided be communicated with its inwall middle part and provide external lubrication water to aquaporin, the bearing inner wall two ends are respectively arranged with forward and backward annular return flume, forward and backward annular return flume is communicated with by drainage channel, discharges lubricated water; The arranged outside of described forward and backward annular return flume has the forward and backward annular seal groove that is positioned at bearing inner wall, is provided with sealing ring in the forward and backward annular seal groove.
Further improvement of the present invention and characteristics are:
(1), the rear end of described rear bearing is provided with thrust bearing, the thrust bearing interference fit is on main shaft, the rear end of thrust bearing is provided with the rear bearing cover that is fixed on the housing, is provided with end play between described rear bearing, thrust bearing, the rear bearing cover successively, and being full of in the end play has lubricated water; Be arranged on the inwall of rear bearing cover corresponding to the back annular seal groove of rear bearing.
(2), the arranged outside of the forward and backward annular seal groove of described fore bearing has the annular pressurized seal groove of the front-end and back-end that lay respectively at the fore bearing inwall, the front end of the preceding annular seal groove of described rear bearing also is provided with the annular pressurized seal groove that is positioned at the rear bearing inwall, and described annular pressurized seal groove is provided with and is communicated with the outside gas passage of giving; Inside cavity in the middle of the described main shaft is provided with and is communicated with outside exhaust passage.
Further improvement in the technical proposal is, the leading section of described fore bearing and rearward end are provided with the even chamber of annular air pressure respectively, the leading section of described rear bearing also is provided with the even chamber of annular air pressure, the even chamber of described annular air pressure is communicated with the outside gas passage of giving, and described annular pressurized seal groove circumferentially is evenly distributed with the through hole that is communicated with the even chamber of annular air pressure.
(3), described sealing ring is labyrinth seal circle or flexible seal ring.
Compare with conventional art, the present invention has outstanding advantage and significant effect.The fluid media (medium) of dynamic and hydrostatic bearing adopts water lubrication, under high speed rotating, the bearing power consumption is reduced greatly, and suppressed temperature rise; Rear bearing front end and fore bearing two ends are equipped with the pressurized seal groove, have effectively stoped lubricated water to enter into electric main shaft device inside, avoid the short circuit and the corrosion of the stator and the rotor of motor, have prolonged the service life of electric main shaft device; After pressurized seal is opened, another part pressed gas can enter electric main shaft device inside, by motor stator and gap between rotor, flow out through the exhaust passage, can take away a large amount of heat that rotor produces, reduce the temperature rise of main shaft, thereby reduce the mismachining tolerance that main shaft causes because of thermal deformation, improve machining accuracy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of horizontal direction vertical profile structural representation that adopts the high-speed electric main shaft device of water lubrication dynamic and hydrostatic bearing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical direction vertical profile structural representation of Fig. 1;
Among the figure: 1, housing; 2, cooling jacket; 3, stator; 4, rotor; 5, flexible seal ring; 6, rear bearing; 7, adjust ring; 8, rear bearing cover; 9, rear end cap; 10, thrust bearing; 11, fore bearing; 12, front-end bearing pedestal; 13, main shaft; 14, the rear end discharge chamber of the internal cavities in the middle of the main shaft; 15, rear bearing gives the gas passage; 16, fore bearing gives the gas passage; 17, the preceding annular return flume of fore bearing; 18, the back annular return flume of fore bearing; 19, the preceding annular return flume of rear bearing; 20, the intermediate annular return flume of rear bearing; 21, the back annular return flume of rear bearing; 22, the even chamber of preceding annular air pressure of rear bearing; 23, the even chamber of back annular air pressure of fore bearing; 24, the even chamber of preceding annular air pressure of fore bearing; 25, the preceding annular pressurized seal groove of rear bearing; 26, the back annular pressurized seal groove of fore bearing; 27, the preceding annular pressurized seal groove of fore bearing; 28, the preceding annular seal groove of rear bearing; 29, the back annular seal groove of fore bearing; 30, give aquaporin; 31, drainage channel; 32, give the gas overall channel; 33, exhaust overall channel; 34, the preceding annular seal groove of fore bearing; 35, the back annular seal groove of rear bearing cover.
The specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, be a kind of high-speed electric main shaft device that adopts water lubrication dynamic and hydrostatic bearing of the present invention, mainly comprise: housing 1, cooling jacket 2, stator 3, rotor 4, main shaft 13, fore bearing 11, rear bearing 6, front-end bearing pedestal 12.
Fore bearing 11 interference fit are installed on the front-end bearing pedestal 12, and locate by the periphery and the flange of fore bearing 11; Front-end bearing pedestal 12 interference fit are installed in the front end of housing 1, and locate by the periphery and the flange of front-end bearing pedestal 12; Rear bearing 6 direct interference fit are installed in the rear end of housing 1, and locate by the periphery and the flange of rear bearing 6.
Rear bearing 6 rear end installed thrust bearings 10, thrust bearing 10 interference mounts are on main shaft 13, and ring 7 is adjusted in circumferentially being provided with of thrust bearing 10, adjust ring 7 rear ends and laminate rear bearing cover 8, rear bearing cover 8, adjust ring 7 by bolting on housing 1.Be provided with preceding splaying between thrust bearing 10 front ends and the rear bearing 6, be provided with the splaying, back between thrust bearing 10 rear ends and the rear bearing cover 8, being full of in preceding splaying and the splaying, back has lubricated water.Rear end cap 9 is by being positioned at flange location and installation on the housing 1 in the rear end of housing 1, and rear end cap 9 is provided with to aquaporin 30, drainage channel 31, gives gas overall channel 32 and exhaust overall channel 33.
The arranged outside of the forward and backward annular seal groove 34,29 of fore bearing has the forward and backward annular pressurized seal groove 27,26 of the front-end and back-end that lay respectively at the fore bearing inwall, the leading section of fore bearing and rearward end are provided with the even chamber 24,23 of forward and backward annular air pressure respectively, this forward and backward annular pressurized seal groove 34,29 circumferentially be evenly distributed with the through hole that is communicated with the even chamber 24,23 of corresponding forward and backward annular air pressure, and the even chamber 24,23 of forward and backward annular air pressure is communicated with the outside gas passage of giving.
The front end of the preceding annular seal groove 28 of rear bearing also is provided with the preceding annular pressurized seal groove 25 that is positioned at the rear bearing inwall, and the leading section of rear bearing also is provided with the preceding even chamber 22 of annular air pressure, and preceding annular pressurized seal groove 25 is provided with and is communicated with the outside gas passage of giving.Consider the complexity of saving cost and reducing device, be arranged on the inner radial wall of rear bearing cover 8 corresponding to the back annular seal groove of rear bearing, it is the back annular seal groove 35 of rear bearing cover 8, its sealing ring is three labyrinth seal circles, and the corresponding annular pressurized seal groove in back and even chamber of annular air pressure, back and air flue are not set.Certainly, the above-mentioned gas hermetic unit can be set, these all do not break away from design of the present invention yet, should be within protection scope of the present invention.
The lubricated water of pressurization enters respectively in the water channel of fore bearing 11 and rear bearing 6 by giving aquaporin 30.Arrive the lubricated water process fore bearing 11 of fore bearing 11 and back annular return flume 18 and the preceding annular return flume 19 that the gap between the main shaft 13 flows to fore bearing, flow out to form through drainage channel 31 then and lubricate water loop.The lubricated water that arrives rear bearing 6 is divided into two-way again, one the tunnel through the gap that rear bearing 6, adjustment ring 7 and rear bearing cover 8 arrive between thrust bearings 10 and the rear bearing cover 8, enters drainage channel 31 back outflows by the intermediate annular return flume 20 of rear bearing and the back annular return flume 21 of rear bearing then; Another road directly enters rear bearing 6, and the gap between rear bearing 6 and main shaft 13 enters the preceding annular return flume 19 of rear bearing, flows out by exhalant canal 31 then.
The air of compression enters respectively in the air flue of fore bearing 11 and rear bearing 6 by giving gas overall channel 32.The air of compression enters fore bearings in the fore bearing 11 give gas passage 16 after, enter respectively in even chamber 24 of the preceding air pressure of fore bearing and the even chamber 23 of air pressure, back, the gas in the even chamber 24 of even chamber 23 of the back annular air pressure of fore bearing and preceding annular air pressure through a plurality of through holes enter respectively fore bearing after in air seal groove 26 and the preceding air seal groove 27.Gas in the back air seal groove 26 of fore bearing is divided into two-way again, one tunnel gap between main shaft 13 and fore bearing 11 enters the internal cavities of the electric main shaft device between forward and backward bearing, pass through the gap between motor stator 3 and the rotor 4 then, collect the rear end discharge chamber 14 of the middle internal cavities of main shaft, flow out by exhaust overall channel 33; The gap of another road between main shaft 13 and fore bearing 11, enter the back annular seal groove 29 of fore bearing, and the back annular seal groove 29 interior flexible seal rings 5 that will be installed in fore bearing blow afloat, formed the sealing gas that one deck flows between flexible seal ring 5 and the main shaft 13, this part sealing gas enters the back annular return flume 18 of fore bearing, is flowed out by exhalant canal 31 with lubricated water.Gas in the preceding pressurized seal groove 27 of fore bearing also is divided into two-way, one tunnel the preceding annular seal groove of fore bearing through being built-in with single labyrinth seal circle, and, enter the preceding annular return flume 17 of fore bearing by the gap between fore bearing and the main shaft 13, flow out by exhalant canal 31 with lubricated water; The electric main shaft device outside is flowed out in gap between another route fore bearing 11 and the main shaft 13.
The air of compression is given gas passage 15 by entering rear bearing for gas overall channel 32, enter the even chamber 22 of preceding annular air pressure of rear bearing then, enter the preceding annular pressurized seal groove 25 of rear bearing through several through holes, gas in the annular pressurized seal groove 25 of rear bearing is divided into two-way, one tunnel gap between rear bearing and main shaft 13, move forward into the rear end discharge chamber 14 of main shaft internal cavities, flow out through exhaust overall channel 33 then; The gap of another road between rear bearing and main shaft 13, enter the preceding annular seal groove 28 of rear bearing backward, and the preceding annular seal groove 28 interior flexible seal rings 5 that will be installed in rear bearing blow afloat, form the gas that one deck flows between flexible seal ring 5 and the main shaft 13, after this part sealing gas enters the preceding annular return flume 19 of rear bearing, flow out by drainage channel 31 with lubricated water.
Electric main shaft device of the present invention is made an integral body with water lubriucated bearing dynamic and hydrostatic bearing and hermetically-sealed construction, has reduced installation difficulty, has eliminated the influence of alignment error to sealing effectiveness.Two even chambeies of annular air pressure designing on the fore bearing, design has an even chamber of annular air pressure to play the effect of buffering on the rear bearing, make the gas pressure and the flow velocity basically identical that enter a plurality of through holes, two annular pressurized seal chambeies on the fore bearing and the gas pressure in the annular pressurized seal chamber on the rear bearing obtain equilibrium like this, help keeping sealing effectiveness.Be separately installed with flexible seal ring 5 in the back annular seal groove of fore bearing and the preceding annular seal groove 28 of rear bearing, when having bubbling air, do not contact with main shaft 13, prevent that lubricated water from entering in the motor, after feeding compressed air, compressed air blows afloat flexible seal ring 5 to be separated with main shaft 13, prevents that flexible seal ring 5 is worn when main shaft 13 high speed rotating.Flow out the gas that arrives forward and backward annular return flume 19,18 respectively from the forward and backward annular pressurized seal groove 27,26 of fore bearing, stoped the lubricated water and steam of fore bearing 11 to flow in the motor and the main shaft outside.Flow out the gas of the preceding annular return flume 17 that arrives rear bearings from the preceding annular pressurized seal groove 25 of rear bearing, stoped the lubricated water and steam of rear bearing 6 to flow in the motor.Another road gas that flows out from the back annular pressurized seal groove 26 of fore bearing enters into electric main shaft device inside, flow out by the exhaust passage through the gap between motor stator 3 and the rotor 4, this road gas has formed the forced convertion heat radiation to rotor 4, effectively reduce the temperature rise of rotor 4 and main shaft 13, reduced the thermal deformation errors of main shaft 13.
Although below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiment of the present invention are described, invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiments, and above-mentioned specific embodiments only is schematic, guiding, rather than restrictive.Those of ordinary skill in the art under the situation that does not break away from the scope that claim of the present invention protects, can also make a variety of forms under the enlightenment of this specification, these all belong to the row of the present invention's protection.
Claims (3)
1. high-speed electric main shaft device that adopts water lubrication dynamic and hydrostatic bearing, comprising: housing is installed in the forward and backward bearing in the forward and backward end of housing respectively, and is supported in the main shaft on the forward and backward bearing; Each bearing be provided be communicated with its inwall middle part and provide external lubrication water to aquaporin, the bearing inner wall two ends are respectively arranged with forward and backward annular return flume, forward and backward annular return flume is communicated with by drainage channel, discharges lubricated water; The arranged outside of described forward and backward annular return flume has the forward and backward annular seal groove that is positioned at bearing inner wall, is provided with sealing ring in the forward and backward annular seal groove; It is characterized in that, the arranged outside of the forward and backward annular seal groove of described fore bearing has the annular pressurized seal groove of the front-end and back-end that lay respectively at the fore bearing inwall, the front end of the preceding annular seal groove of described rear bearing also is provided with the annular pressurized seal groove that is positioned at the rear bearing inwall, and each annular pressurized seal groove is provided with and is communicated with the outside gas passage of giving; Inside cavity in the middle of the described main shaft is provided with and is communicated with outside exhaust passage.
2. a kind of high-speed electric main shaft device that adopts water lubrication dynamic and hydrostatic bearing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the rear end of described rear bearing is provided with thrust bearing, the thrust bearing interference fit is on main shaft, the rear end of thrust bearing is provided with the rear bearing cover that is fixed on the housing, be provided with end play between described rear bearing, thrust bearing, the rear bearing cover successively, being full of in the end play has lubricated water; Be arranged on the inwall of rear bearing cover corresponding to the back annular seal groove of rear bearing.
3. a kind of high-speed electric main shaft device that adopts water lubrication dynamic and hydrostatic bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that described sealing ring is labyrinth seal circle or flexible seal ring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910022563XA CN101564770B (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2009-05-15 | High-speed electric main shaft device for lubricating hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearings by adopting water |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910022563XA CN101564770B (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2009-05-15 | High-speed electric main shaft device for lubricating hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearings by adopting water |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101564770A CN101564770A (en) | 2009-10-28 |
| CN101564770B true CN101564770B (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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| CN200910022563XA Expired - Fee Related CN101564770B (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2009-05-15 | High-speed electric main shaft device for lubricating hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearings by adopting water |
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