CN101563999B - Negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device - Google Patents
Negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101563999B CN101563999B CN200910074650XA CN200910074650A CN101563999B CN 101563999 B CN101563999 B CN 101563999B CN 200910074650X A CN200910074650X A CN 200910074650XA CN 200910074650 A CN200910074650 A CN 200910074650A CN 101563999 B CN101563999 B CN 101563999B
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Abstract
The invention provides a negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device which relates to the technical field of farmland watering. The filtration irrigation device comprises a water storage vessel, the upper part of which is provided with a water-replenishing mechanism and a pressure-regulating device; the lower part of the water storage vessel is communicated with the water inlet end of a water-percolating device; the water outlet end of the water-percolating device is communicated with the upper part of the water storage vessel; a water-percolating apparatus is arranged on the water-percolating device; and the pressure-regulating device is an external-connection-type water column pressure-regulating apparatus or pressure-regulating valve. The invention has the advantages ofovercoming the shortages of the prior art, being capable of leading the irrigation water to be maintained within the soil layer range where the plant root system is the most active, thereby minimizin g soil surface evaporation and deep seepage, saving water and energy, and reducing labor intensity, being capable of fixing the water irrigation amount and speed according to the water demand law of plants, and achieving scientific water supply; and the invention also has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and use, unique principle, stable work and wide application scope, andthus can generate greater economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sprinkling technique field, farmland.
Background technology
China is the country that land resources and freshwater resources all quite lack, and in order to solve the agriculture irrigation water saving problem, the applicant had once applied for " negative pressure is oozed control slight irrigation device " patent, and publication number is CN2870448Y.This device is the low pressure of channelization, micro-infiltrating irrigation equipment; Characteristics are: utilized the mutual balance that has ground atmospheric pressure, negative pressure, water colunm pressure and soil suction and five kinds of power of seepage controllor retention ability naturally; Cause air inlet to close and open just as one " automatic switch " is continuous; This switch can make water adding system work automatically on principle; Can make that soil moisture content is stable to remain on setting range, help realizing, but have still on concrete device that soil moisture content control is inaccurate, pressure regulation is inaccurate, reach problems such as job insecurity the Time Created of inconvenient (needing in the hole, adjust), normal operating conditions slowly according to the soil moisture automatic irrigation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device, can make irrigation water remain on the most active soil layer scope of root system of plant, from reducing evaporation of soil table and deep percolation to greatest extent; Water saving, energy-conservation, reduce labor intensity, can confirm irrigation quantity and speed according to the plant law of needing the water, the realization science supplies water; It is simple in structure, easy for operation, and principle is unique, and it is more stable to work; Applied widely, can produce the bigger economic and social benefit that gets.
Main technical schemes of the present invention is: a kind of negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device; The top that comprises tank, tank is provided with water compensation mechanism and regulator; The bottom of tank is communicated with the water inlet of infiltration device; The water side of infiltration device and the top of tank are communicated with, and the infiltration device is provided with seepage controllor, it is characterized in that regulator is circumscribed water column pressure regulator or pressure regulating valve.
The preferred construction of described circumscribed water column pressure regulator can for: have the closed vertical tube; The top of closed vertical tube is provided with the sealing diaphragm plate; The closed vertical tube is divided into upper chamber and lower header two parts; Upper chamber is provided with the gap through the hole on the sealing diaphragm plate and interior vertical tube and lower header connection between the bottom of interior vertical tube lower end and closed vertical tube; The bottom that adds the water vertical tube that pipe and the band sealing of the bottom of closed vertical tube through the band valve adds the water plug is communicated with, the pipe of lower header top through the band valve with add water vertical tube top and be communicated with; The back communicating pipe and the atmosphere at the top of closed vertical tube, the top of lower header also is communicated with the ventilation surge pipe.Above structure has constituted 1 grade of formula pressure regulator; The ventilation surge pipe is inserted into the tank bottom through the special purpose interface on tank top.
The structure of described circumscribed water column pressure regulator also can be: connecting in proper order in the back of 1 grade of formula pressure regulator is added with 2 grades, the pressure-adjusting type structure more than 3 grades or 3 grades; The back communicating pipe at the top of closed vertical tube and the top of next stage lower header are communicated with; And the like, thereby structure multi-stag pressure regulator.
The structure of described circumscribed water column pressure regulator also can have: the said multi-stage pressure regulating formula structure formula structure that is in parallel above more than 2 or 2.
Described seepage controllor is a ceramic porous seepage controllor, aperture＜5 μ m, and technical requirement is under-30kPa pressure, and it is air tight to seep water, for good.
Described tank can be water storage tank type or duct type.
The water circulating pipe that is parallel with band water circulating pump and valve between the water side of the tank bottom of described filtration irrigation device and infiltration device is good.
Good effect of the present invention is: the pressure regulation of device negative pressure operates in overground part and realizes that pressure regulation can make irrigation water remain on the most active soil layer scope of root system of plant more accurately and reliably; From reducing evaporation of soil table and deep percolation to greatest extent, water saving, energy-conservation, reduce labor intensity, can confirm irrigation quantity and speed according to the plant law of needing the water; The realization science supplies water, and it is simple in structure, easy to use, and principle is unique; It is more stable, applied widely to work, and can produce the bigger economic and social benefit that gets.
Be described further below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, but not as to qualification of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Among Fig. 1, each label implication is: 1. tank, 2. valve, 3. water circulating pipe, 4. infiltration device, 41. seepage controllors; (42. seepage controllor) water inlet, 43. (seepage controllor) water side, 5. water circulating pump, 6. water column pressure regulator, 61. closed vertical tubes, 62. valves; 63. valve, 64. add the water vertical tube, 65. interior vertical tubes, and 66. sealings add the water plug, 67. valves, 68. back communicating pipes; 69. valve, 610. upper chambers, 611. sealing diaphragm plates, 612. lower headers, 613. ventilation surge pipe, 7. water compensation mechanisms.
Embodiment
See Fig. 1, this negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device comprises that the top of tank 1, tank 1 is provided with water compensation mechanism 7 (can be sealing-plug or other forms of water controller) interface, regulator interface and infiltration device interface; The bottom of tank 1 is communicated with the water inlet 42 of infiltration device 4, and the water side 43 of infiltration device 4 and the top of tank 1 are communicated with, and infiltration device 4 (can many parallel connection or series connection) is provided with seepage controllor 41, and regulator is a circumscribed water column pressure regulator 6.The structure of circumscribed water column pressure regulator 6 is: have closed vertical tube 61; The top of closed vertical tube 61 is provided with sealing diaphragm plate 611; Closed vertical tube 61 is divided into upper chamber 610 and lower header 612 two parts; Upper chamber 610 is communicated with lower header 612 through hole on the sealing diaphragm plate 611 and interior vertical tube 65, is provided with the gap between the bottom of interior vertical tube 65 lower ends and closed vertical tube 61; The bottom of closed vertical tube 61 is communicated with water vertical tube 65 bottoms that add that the band sealing adds water plug 66 through the pipe of band valve 62; The top of lower header 612 adds the top connection of water vertical tube 65 through the Guan Yu of band valve 67; Back communicating pipe 68 at the top of closed vertical tube 61 (or through valve 69) and atmosphere; The top of lower header 612 is communicated with ventilation surge pipe 613, and above structure has constituted 1 grade of formula pressure regulator; Ventilation surge pipe 613 is inserted into (and being provided with the gap between the bottom) in the tank 1.Be added with 2 grades of formula pressure regulators in proper order in the back of 1 grade of formula pressure regulator; The back communicating pipe 68 at the top of closed vertical tube 61 and the top of next stage lower header are communicated with, and the like, thereby 3 grades of formula pressure regulators of structure (also can be parallel; To strengthen the water percolating capacity demand, not shown in the figures).Seepage controllor 41 is a ceramic porous seepage controllor, aperture＜5 μ m, and technical requirement is under-30kPa pressure, and it is air tight to seep water.Tank 1 is water storage tank type or duct type.The water inlet 42 of infiltration device 4 and 43 of water sides are parallel with the water circulating pipe 3 of band water circulating pump 5 and valve 2.
Be that whole water adding system is made up of airtight, open and three parts that circulate.The function of open portion is the negative pressure of regulation and control irrigation system, is used for controlling soil moisture content.The critical piece of cyclic part is special-purpose water circulating pump, with the closed conduit system connectivity.Circulating pump is except solving quick exhausting problem, and another effect is exactly in the future after adding fertilizer in the water tank, is used for quick mixing fertilizer, makes the fertilizer fast supply to each plant root.
This device use course of work and points for attention are following:
(1), automatic water-supply.Divide and to add water, airtight, negative pressure forms and four steps of duty
1. valve 2,63,69 state that keeps shut, valve 44,62,67 stays open state, opens filler 7, with the water receiver topped up with water.At this moment, the airtight part of water adding system is opened to the outside world, and water is through infiltration device 4, and seepage controllor 41 flows to water side 43.Water receiver 1 all is in identical horizontal plane with the water level of water side 43, because the upper end of water side 43 is higher than the top of water receiver, water can not flow back to water receiver 1.
2. with water filling port 7 sealings, the airtight part and the ambient atmosphere of system are isolated, and at this moment have only back breather pipe 68 and atmosphere.
3. seepage controllor 41 begins to continue outwards infiltration, water level depression in the water receiver 1, and the generation negative pressure also increases gradually.Water receiver 1 is airtight with water side 43, all is under the identical condition of negative pressure, and water level still remains on same level.The interior vertical tube 65 of pressure regulator is in open state, under the inside and outside differential pressure effect in the water level of vertical tube 65 constantly descend.Three pressure regulators of connecting among Fig. 1 belong to three grades of pressure regulation, the pressure regulation effect that adds up, so the accumulated value of vertical tube 65 lower port and water receiver 1 and each pressure regulator water level discrepancy in elevation in negative pressure equals in the system.
4. irrigation device gets into normal operating conditions.When the water level of the interior vertical tube 65 of three grades of pressure regulators is reduced to lower port, the airtight part and the atmosphere of device.Outside air gets into water receiver top with bubble form, causes negative pressure value to reduce, and water is with the air inlet pipe lower port sealing of water receiver 1, and the closed state of enclosure portion is set up once more.Seepage controllor 41 continues to exosmose, thereby causes the negative pressure value of airtight part to increase once more, and device is communicated with and air inlet with atmosphere once more, so circulation, and the negative pressure of water receiver 1 just is stabilized in certain level, can infinitely not increase.Can find out that interior vertical tube 65 and ventilation surge pipe 613 lower port are stably kept negative pressure in the water receiver just as the automatic valve of continuous opening and closing.Interior vertical tube 65 lower port of terminal pressure regulator are the zero level datum marks of device.The effect of pressure regulator 6 is exactly to have risen to more than the ground the zero level datum mark is virtual, and this just provides very big convenience for the technological practical application of negative pressure accurate filtration irrigation.
(2) control soil water content
Interior vertical tube 65 lower port of terminal pressure regulator are the zero level datum marks of whole device, and no matter how water receiver 1 water level changes, and the hydraulic pressure that bear this position is zero.After device reached normal operating conditions, the hydraulic pressure that seepage controllor 41 bears was relevant with the zero level datum mark, and just irrelevant with water receiver 1 interior water level.Can realize the adjusting of zero level and the mutual high and low position of seepage controllor through pressure regulator 6.We set: each pressure regulator middle water level is A1, A2 and A3 to the water-column of interior vertical tube 65 lower port; Water receiver 1 water level is B to the water-column of ventilation surge pipe 613 lower port; Water receiver 1 is C to the height of seepage controllor 41, and zero level is D to the water-column of seepage controllor 41.Equal, be lower than with zero level below and be higher than three kinds of situation of seepage controllor and explain what how the negative pressure accurate filtration irrigation device was realized soil moisture content control.
1., saturated soil water content control
Regulate the water level of pressure regulator 6, make A1, A2; The A3 accumulated value adds that B equals C, just equals zero level is set to and seepage controllor 41 height such as grade (D=0), and seepage controllor is operated in zero hydraulic pressure state; The soil water absorbing force that surrounding soil obtains moisture is approximately zero, and all water absorbing forces all can be full of by water greater than zero soil pore space, and soil moisture content stably remains on saturation state; At this moment the suitable field capacity of soil moisture content does not have free flowable gravitational water.
2., the unsaturated water content control of soil
Water level in the rising pressure regulator 6 makes A1, A2, and the A3 accumulated value adds that B is greater than C.This just is equivalent to the zero level datum mark has been arranged on the position lower than seepage controllor 41, at this moment, D＜0, seepage controllor 41 is operated in negative hydraulic pressure state, and surrounding soil must lean on self water absorbing force from table water to be pulled.The high more zero level of pressure regulator 6 water levels is low more, and the soil degree of unsaturation is big more, and soil moisture content is low more.Some pressure regulator series connection are used, and pressure control act as cumulative effects, can strengthen the soil moisture content control range.
3., soil supersaturation water content control
The whole emptyings of water in the pressure regulator 6 are perhaps opened pressure regulator valve 69, pressure regulators at different levels were lost efficacy, only the ventilation surge pipe 613 in water receiver 1 plays the pressure regulation effect; A1, A2, A3 are equal to zero; Just at ventilation surge pipe 613 lower port places, at this moment zero level is higher than seepage controllor 41, D＞0 in the position of zero level; Seepage controllor is operated in anasarca with shortness of breath pressure condition, bears on the seepage controllor 41 highly to equal the D water colunm pressure, and water flows out from seepage controllor 41 naturally; Produce under the free flowable gravitational water in the soil around and blend horizontal runoff, this situation just is equivalent to common drip irrigation.
(3), device circulating exhaust
Under normal pressure, be dissolved with air in the water, these air can be separated out under the negative pressure state, can in water permeating pipeline, form air bubble.The existence of air bubble has been blocked water receiver 1 to the continuous water tension force between the seepage controllor 41, directly influences the duty of negative pressure accurate filtration irrigation device, therefore in practical application, must solve exhausting problem.The design of EGR is for addressing this problem, and the course of work is following.Valve-off 44 is opened valve 2, water receiver 1, and filtration irrigation device 4 is formed a closed circuit with circulating pump 5, and the pumping source of fetching boiling water can carry out the exhaust work of pipeline.EGR also has other important function, can fertilizer or agricultural chemicals be added in the water receiver, opens EGR, can rapidly fertilizer or agricultural chemicals evenly be supplied to the plant utilization in system's control range.
(4), channelization low pressure, the micro-infiltrating irrigation equipment formed by water supply installation, irrigation device, negative pressure adjusting device and EGR four parts of this negative pressure accurate filtration irrigation system.The characteristics that negative pressure is oozed the control micro irrigation technology are: 1. automatic irrigation.Utilized the mutual balance of atmospheric pressure, negative pressure, water colunm pressure and soil suction and five kinds of power of seepage controllor retention ability of natural existence; Cause air inlet to close and open just as one " automatic switch " is continuous; This on-off action can guarantee that water adding system works automatically; The process of pouring water and irrigation quantity are controlled by the water requirement of plant mainly, and make that soil moisture content is stable to remain on setting range, have realized according to the soil moisture automatic irrigation.2. through adjustment zero level datum mark, can regulate the hydraulic pressure that seepage controllor bears, and then the water content of control soil, guarantee to carry out the optimum moisture supply according to the plant law of needing the water.3. this irrigation rig is simple in structure, need not power, and is economical and practical, really realized saving water and energy.
Claims (6)
1. negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device; The top that comprises tank (1), tank (1) is provided with water compensation mechanism (7) and regulator; The water inlet (42) of the bottom of tank (1) and infiltration device (4) is communicated with; The water side (43) of infiltration device (2) and the top of tank (1) are communicated with; Infiltration device (4) is provided with seepage controllor (41), it is characterized in that three interfaces are established on the top of tank (1), connects circumscribed water column pressure regulator (6), water compensation mechanism (7) and infiltration device (4) respectively; The bottom of tank (1) is provided with two interfaces; Be communicated with the water inlet (42) of infiltration device (4) and the discharge ends of water circulating pipe (3) respectively; Infiltration device (4) is provided with seepage controllor (41); Infiltration device water side (43) is communicated with the suction side of circulating line (3) and the top of tank (1) through valve (2,44) respectively, and regulator is a circumscribed water column pressure regulator (6); The structure of described water column pressure regulator (6) is: have closed vertical tube (61); The top of closed vertical tube (61) is provided with sealing diaphragm plate (611); Closed vertical tube (61) is divided into upper chamber (610) and lower header (612) two parts; Upper chamber (610) is provided with the gap through the hole on the sealing diaphragm plate (611) and interior vertical tube (65) and lower header (612) connection between the bottom of interior vertical tube (65) lower end and closed vertical tube (61); The bottom that adds water vertical tube (64) that pipe and the band sealing of the bottom of lower header (612) through band valve (62) adds water plug (66) is communicated with, the top of lower header (612) through band valve (67) pipe and add the connection of water vertical tube top; The back communicating pipe (68) and the atmosphere at the top of upper chamber (610), the top of lower header (612) are communicated with ventilation surge pipe (613), and above structure has constituted 1 grade of pressure-adjusting type structure; Ventilation surge pipe (613) is inserted into tank (1) bottom.
2. negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device according to claim 1; The structure that it is characterized in that described water column pressure regulator (6) is: connecting in proper order in the back of 1 grade of formula pressure regulator is added with the pressure-adjusting type structure more than 2 grades or 3 grades; The top of the back communicating pipe (68) at the upper chamber of prime pressure regulator (610) top and the lower header (612) of next stage pressure regulator is communicated with; And the like, thereby constitute multi-stage pressure regulating formula structure.
3. negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device according to claim 2 is characterized in that the structure of described water column pressure regulator (6) has: the formula structure that is in parallel of the said multi-stage pressure regulating formula structure more than 2.
4. negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described seepage controllor (41) is a ceramic porous seepage controllor, aperture＜5 μ m, and technical requirement is under-30kPa pressure, and it is air tight to seep water.
5. negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described tank (1) is water storage tank type or duct type.
6. according to each described negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that being parallel with between bottom and water side (43) of described tank (1) water circulating pipe (3) of band water circulating pump (5) and valve (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910074650XA CN101563999B (en) | 2009-06-05 | 2009-06-05 | Negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device |
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| CN200910074650XA CN101563999B (en) | 2009-06-05 | 2009-06-05 | Negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device |
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| CN101563999A CN101563999A (en) | 2009-10-28 |
| CN101563999B true CN101563999B (en) | 2012-07-25 |
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| CN200910074650XA Expired - Fee Related CN101563999B (en) | 2009-06-05 | 2009-06-05 | Negative-pressure pipeline type filtration irrigation device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108513896A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-09-11 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of system for realizing positive pressure and Negative pressure irrigation |
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| CN103563718A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-02-12 | 郝福生 | Automatic micro-drop irrigation system |
| CN103651047B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-04-29 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Self-filtering negative-pressure irrigation device |
| CN106417638A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-02-22 | 淮南徽旺豆制品设备销售有限公司 | Yuba production apparatus based on slurry returning system hydraulic pressure |
| CN105850662B (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2019-03-01 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of Non-energy-consumption negative pressure regulating system |
| CN105850331B (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2019-03-01 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system |
| CN106416964B (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2022-04-01 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Constant negative pressure irrigation system |
| CN107306688B (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2022-09-30 | 南京林业大学 | Pteridophyte water, fertilizer and oxygen miniature integrated board |
| CN110447516A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-11-15 | 北京益康农科技发展有限公司 | A kind of Negative pressure irrigation system |
| CN114027062B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-01-24 | 青岛农业大学 | Intelligent water fertilizer pesticide gas decision method for greenhouse matrix cultivation |
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2009
- 2009-06-05 CN CN200910074650XA patent/CN101563999B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108513896A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-09-11 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of system for realizing positive pressure and Negative pressure irrigation |
| CN108513896B (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2021-03-26 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | System for realize malleation and negative pressure irrigation |
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