CN100475025C - Negative pressure water head irrigation system - Google Patents
Negative pressure water head irrigation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100475025C CN100475025C CNB200510123974XA CN200510123974A CN100475025C CN 100475025 C CN100475025 C CN 100475025C CN B200510123974X A CNB200510123974X A CN B200510123974XA CN 200510123974 A CN200510123974 A CN 200510123974A CN 100475025 C CN100475025 C CN 100475025C
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Abstract
The negative water head irrigation system features the so defined water head irrigation technology, which controls the irrigation pressure in negative water head so as to control the soil water content precisely and continuously. The system includes three parts: a negative water head water providing set, an air collecting chamber and a water providing plate. The negative water head water providing set converts water from the water supply tap at normal pressure into irrigation water in certain negative pressure, the air collecting chamber collects escaped air from the irrigation water during irrigation, and the water providing plate provides water to soil and can form air phase and liquid water favorable to moving of air phase to the air collecting chamber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of negative pressure water head irrigation system device, it is water supply to be pressed be set at negative value, realize the lasting accurately control of soil moisture content in the irrigation process, thereby the aqueous vapor condition that makes soil is constant in the level that promotes the crop economy yield and quality, suppress evaporation of soil table and underground leakage by restriction ground moistening volume simultaneously, save the irrigation water resource, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce in the irrigation installation use specification requirement the peasant.
Background technology
At present, all water-saving irrigation techniques that agricultural production is adopted or promoted, as sprinkling irrigation, slight irrigation, drip irrigation, underground drip irrigation, root division district alternate irrigation etc., all be based on the irrigation that pressure of supply water is positive head, the part soil body always reaches water saturation after irrigation, cause soil must experience alternation of wetting and drying within the specific limits.The undue fluctuation meeting of soil moisture content makes plant coerced by drought and waterlogging, increases the generation of damage by disease and insect, causes nitrate nitrogen to be shifted out beyond the crop root zone by pouring.For avoiding the undue fluctuation of soil moisture, need calculate and predict suitable irrigation time and irrigation quantity by the water parameters and the many meteorologic parameters that detect plant physiology parameter, soil, and these are measured and computational methods with regard to the present educational level of China peasant be do not allow very much acceptant, thereby influenced the popularization of these irrigation techniques and the water-saving result in the practical application.
Irrigate by pressure of supply water is controlled at negative head, realize the accurate and Sustainable Control of soil moisture content, we are defined as the negative head irrigation technique with it.When being that negative head carries out irrigation water supply based on pressure of supply water, soil moisture content is unsaturated state forever, can suppress invalid irrigation and nutrient loss that soil moistening invalid evaporation that causes of table and underground leakage cause; Because growth and development of plant and soil moisture content are in close relations, accurately control the be significantly increased potentiality of crop-producing power of soil moisture content by the negative head irrigation technique.Because the negative head irrigation technique makes soil moisture content directly be controlled at target water content, do not need to carry out the decision-making of irrigation time and irrigation volume, be easy to the peasant and use.Particularly in shallow soil, sandy soil and clay and facility cultivation, the negative head irrigation technique has very big application potential.
At present, irrigation method commonly used all is that positive head is irrigated, and the water source can adopt water at atmospheric pressure.Water-feed commonly used has shower nozzle, dropper, infiltrating irrigation band and infiltrating irrigation pipe etc., because irrigation system is to irrigate under positive head, water body has certain flow velocity, so a little gas in the water can be mixed in and discharge in the water body, need not carry out the collection of gas.In order to guarantee the negative pressure water head irrigation system successful operation, need provide the lasting irrigation water that certain negative pressure is arranged to irrigation system, common water-supply method all can not meet the demands.When carrying out the negative head irrigation, mainly be from water-feed, to absorb water by soil, water volume flow rate in the irrigation system is very slow, owing to the biochemical action of water produces gas, then can not well allow water, gas separate with water-feed commonly used, then the gas in the water body can't separate from water body normally and discharge, and has therefore caused negative pressure water head irrigation system normally to move.In order to address these problems, this negative pressure water head irrigation system relates to a kind of negative head water-supplying device and water supply plate, and the negative head water-supplying device can directly be regulated and control to the negative head value of design irrigating hydraulic pressure expediently, provides constantly to satisfy and irrigates the irrigation water that requires.And the water supply plate can effectively make water, gas in the water-feed separate as water-feed, is convenient to because the discharge that the biochemical action of water produces gas in the water-feed.Because the negative pressure water head irrigation system device is a system of sealing, need collect from the gas that the water supply plate is discharged, otherwise whole system will be failed owing to the accumulation of gas, irrigate gas collecting apparatus so designed a kind of negative head, this device can allow escaping gas is pooled in the gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate in the water supply plate, and can gas be extracted out by the air extractor that links to each other with gas collecting apparatus, guarantee the normal operation of negative pressure water head irrigation system.
Summary of the invention
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: this negative pressure water head irrigation system device mainly is divided into the negative head water-supplying device, negative head irrigates collection chamber and negative head is irrigated with water supply plate three parts.
The negative head water-supplying device is made up of float switch device 4, sealing cylinder container 6, suction hose 5, energy dissipating plectane 25 and water container 3, load onto the float switch device in water container 3 the insides, be connected on the irrigation water tap 1 with water inlet pipe 2, its effect mainly is that the water surface in the container is maintained design load in the process of irrigating; End face is loaded onto a thin suction hose 5 and is inserted in the water container 3 on sealing cylinder container 6, be connected on the O-ring cylinder 9 with pipe 7 below the cylindrical chamber 6, energy dissipating plectane 25 is contained in cylindrical chamber 6 bottom surfaces, be used for eliminating the energy that from suction hose 5, flows out water body, adjust the water supply negative pressure value by the angle θ (0-90 °) that adjusts 6 inclinations of sealing cylinder container; The water source can provide the irrigation water of the certain negative pressure of irrigation system constantly through the adjusting of this part device.
It is an O-ring cylinder 9 that negative head is irrigated gas collecting apparatus, bore two apertures in O-ring cylinder 9 sides, connect sealing with two bending transparent organic glass pipe 10 at an angle of 90, be used for observing the water level in the gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate, tumble in two communicating pipe 7 and aqueducts 11 that have seal valve 8 near O-ring cylinder 9 downsides, sealing surface is equipped with two pipes 16 that have seal valve 8 on O- ring cylinder 9,17, link to each other with filling device with air extractor respectively, water level is lower in O-ring cylinder 9, gas more for a long time, bleed with the air extractor that connects, the filling device that connects then is used for to being full of water in the gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate.
Negative head is irrigated the sealed rectangular container of being made up of PVC plate 19, wire netting 24, thin cotton 22, lucite bar 18, PVC film 20, plexiglass block 23 and permeable membrane 21 with the water supply plate, drift angle place pipeline 13 of embedding communicates with water supply plate 14 on container, is used for linking to each other with the gas collecting apparatus of infiltrating irrigation system.The one side of water supply plate 14 is a permeable membrane 21, when irrigating, contact with soil, be convenient to the soil sucking-off that water is dried and stop air to enter the water supply plate from the water supply plate, wire netting 24 then is tiled in below the permeable membrane 21 as the supporting surface of permeable membrane, in order to prevent that permeable membrane from being scratched by wire netting, the pad last layer thin cotton 22 between wire netting and permeable membrane, some plexiglass blocks 23 of placement at interval between wire netting 24 and the PVC plate 19, play the support wire netting, the permeable membrane top edge sticks on PVC film 20 edges, the formation of PVC film feedwater aerosphere face provides a place, then seals with lucite bar 18 around the water supply plate.The permeable membrane of water supply plate also can replace with capillary ceramic plate or micropore organic plates 26, in such cases, then do not need wire netting 24 and thin cotton 22, and the density of plexiglass block 23 can reduce.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, this device can be realized the accurate and Sustainable Control of soil moisture content, can suppress invalid irrigation and nutrient loss that soil moistening invalid evaporation that causes of table and underground leakage cause, the potentiality of the crop-producing power that is significantly increased are easy to the peasant and use.Make especially in shallow soil, sandy soil and clay and facility cultivation, the negative head irrigation technique has very big application power.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 negative pressure water head irrigation system structure drawing of device
Fig. 2 negative head is irrigated with water supply plate 14 overall diagram
Fig. 3 negative head is irrigated with water supply plate A-A profile and each component diagram
Fig. 4 negative head is irrigated the overall diagram with another embodiment of water supply plate 14
Fig. 5 is Fig. 4 plate B-B profile that supplies water
1 is the irrigation water tap, and 2 is water inlet pipe, and 3 is water container, and 4 is the float switch device, and 5 is suction hose
6 is the sealing cylinder container, and 7 communicating pipes, 8 is seal valve, and 9 is the O-ring cylinder
10 is the transparent organic glass pipe, and 11 is aqueduct, and 12 is main pipe, and 13 is pipeline, and 14 are the water supply plate
15 is waterline, and 16 is the pipe that links to each other with air extractor, and 17 is the pipe that links to each other with water replanishing device
18 is the lucite bar, and 19 is the PVC plate, and 20 is the PVC film, and 21 is permeable membrane
22 for thin cotton, and 23 is plexiglass block, and 24 is wire netting, and 25 are the energy dissipating plectane, and 26 is capillary ceramic plate or micropore organic plates.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
The negative pressure water head irrigation system device is the system of a sealing.At first water supply plate 14 vertically or with inclination angle [theta] (60 °-90 °) is embedded in the soil, water supply plate permeable membrane faces up, and according to Fig. 1 negative head irrigation rig structure chart negative pressure water head irrigation system is installed then.Install, close the seal valve 8 on communicating pipe 7 and the aqueduct 11, open irrigation water tap 1 and the pipe 17 that links to each other with water replanishing device, give water container 3 and 9 moisturizings of O-ring cylinder respectively, can observe water level in the O-ring cylinder 9 from transparent organic glass pipe 10, after O-ring cylinder 9 is full of water, the seal valve on the blanked-off pipe 17, the seal valve of opening simultaneously on the aqueduct 11 8 is full of water for main pipe 12, pipeline 13 and water supply plate 14.Because it is to carry out in the system of sealing that O-ring cylinder 9 is given 14 baths of water supply plate, water supply plate 14, pipeline 13 and main pipe 12 will be full of at leisure by water, and gas gathers in the O-ring cylinder 9 gradually.After water supply plate 14 is mended full water, open the seal valve 8 on communicating pipe 7, as Fig. 1 negative head irrigation rig structure chart, irrigation water enters water container 3 via float switch device 4, after the water surface reaches certain height, float switch device 4 will stop entering of irrigation water, and after 3 li waters surface of water container descend, irrigation water will enter into water container 3 by float switch device 4 again, the effect of this part is the control water surface elevation, on sealing cylinder container 6, insert a thin suction hose 5, suction hose 5 other ends are placed in the water container 3, sealing cylinder container 6 links to each other by the communicating pipe that has seal valve 8 with O-ring cylinder 9, when the seal valve of opening on communicating pipe 78, because O-ring cylinder 9 the insides are certain negative pressure, just begin, gas in the sealing cylinder container 6 will be constantly via entering into O-ring cylinder 9 communicating pipe 7, along with water in the O-ring cylinder 9 constantly reduces, pressure constantly reduces, gas in the sealing cylinder container 6 constantly is accumulated in the O-ring cylinder 9, simultaneously, pressure in the sealing cylinder container 6 constantly reduces, water in the water container 3 begins to enter into sealing cylinder container 6 by suction hose 5, energy dissipating plectane 25 is contained in 6 times ground of cylindrical chamber, be used for eliminating the energy that from suction hose 5, flows out water body, the water surface in sealing cylinder container 6 begins to rise, rise to and flood communicating pipe 7, along with constantly carrying out of irrigating, water in the sealing cylinder container 6 enters O-ring cylinder 9, and water enters into sealing cylinder container 6 by suction hose 5 in the water container 3, when the water surface in the water container 3 descends, irrigation water will enter into water container 3 by float switch device 4.Whole like this negative pressure water head irrigation system just can normally move, this moment, the negative head value of negative pressure water head irrigation system device was-Δ h (as shown in Figure 1), in order to satisfy the irrigation requirement under the different situations, the angle θ that sealing cylinder container 6 can be tilted, this moment, the negative head value was h=-Δ hsin θ.
Embodiment two
The difference of this negative pressure water head irrigation system and embodiment one, the plate that is to supply water adopt capillary ceramic plate or micropore organic plates 26 to replace permeable membrane material, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.The embodiment that system is concrete is identical with embodiment one system.
Claims (1)
1. negative pressure water head irrigation system device, it is characterized in that, this negative pressure water head irrigation system device is divided into the negative head water-supplying device, negative head irrigates collection chamber and negative head is irrigated with water supply plate three parts, it is water supply to be pressed be set at negative value, the negative head water-supplying device is by float switch device (4), sealing cylinder container (6), suction hose (5) and water container (3) are formed, load onto float switch device (4) in water container (3) the inside, be connected on the irrigation water tap (1) with water inlet pipe (2), loading onto a thin suction hose (5) at the last end face of sealing cylinder container (6) is inserted in the water container (3), be connected on the O-ring cylinder (9) with pipe (7) below the cylindrical chamber (6), cylindrical chamber (6) is equipped with energy dissipating plectane (25) in ground down, adjusts the water supply negative pressure value by the angle θ (0-90 °) that adjusts sealing cylinder container (6) inclination; It is an O-ring cylinder (9) that negative head is irrigated gas collecting apparatus, bore two apertures in O-ring cylinder (9) side, connect sealing with two bending transparent organic glass pipe (10) at an angle of 90, tumble in two communicating pipe (7) and aqueducts (11) that have seal valve (8) near O-ring cylinder (9) downside, last sealing surface at O-ring cylinder (9) is equipped with two pipe (16), (17) that have seal valve (8), links to each other with filling device with air extractor respectively; Negative head is irrigated the sealed rectangular container of being made up of PVC plate (19), wire netting (24), thin cotton (22), lucite bar (18), PVC film (20), plexiglass block (23) and permeable membrane (21) with the water supply plate, and the last drift angle place of container embeds a pipeline (5) and links to each other with main pipe (12).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200510123974XA CN100475025C (en) | 2005-11-25 | 2005-11-25 | Negative pressure water head irrigation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200510123974XA CN100475025C (en) | 2005-11-25 | 2005-11-25 | Negative pressure water head irrigation system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1788542A CN1788542A (en) | 2006-06-21 |
| CN100475025C true CN100475025C (en) | 2009-04-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB200510123974XA Expired - Fee Related CN100475025C (en) | 2005-11-25 | 2005-11-25 | Negative pressure water head irrigation system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103190328A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-07-10 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Automatic irrigation decision system based on negative head water control water supply |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144524B (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2012-11-14 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Automatic irrigation-drainage system for farmland |
| CN102160518B (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2012-09-05 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Novel non-pressure irrigation rig |
| CN103907500A (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2014-07-09 | 张振华 | Series pressure regulation type negative pressure infiltrating irrigation system |
| CN103053384A (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2013-04-24 | 张振华 | Pressure adjustable type subsurface irrigation system |
| CN103875509A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-06-25 | 中国农业大学 | Negative pressure irrigation system and method |
| CN104756824A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-07-08 | 刘银明 | Multi-purpose irrigating faucet |
| CN105123439A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2015-12-09 | 黄效光 | Infiltrating irrigation water groove |
| CN105850331B (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2019-03-01 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system |
| CN105850662B (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2019-03-01 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of Non-energy-consumption negative pressure regulating system |
| CN108142251B (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2021-03-30 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | System for converting evapotranspiration potential energy or soil water potential energy into power |
| CN110447516A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-11-15 | 北京益康农科技发展有限公司 | A kind of Negative pressure irrigation system |
| CN111183880A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-05-22 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Negative water head irrigation system |
-
2005
- 2005-11-25 CN CNB200510123974XA patent/CN100475025C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103190328A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-07-10 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Automatic irrigation decision system based on negative head water control water supply |
| CN103190328B (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2014-07-30 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Automatic irrigation decision system based on negative head water control water supply |
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| CN1788542A (en) | 2006-06-21 |
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