Background technology:
Carrying out loose to the sheet cigarette tobacco bale before getting damp again is one of tobacco productive corporation main technique link in fiber tow production.Sheet cigarette tobacco bale is carried out loose in, improving under the prerequisite of loosening ratio, avoid smoked sheet to produce making broken as far as possible; Simultaneously, also to avoid crossing the fragrance loss that high factor causes smoked sheet because of the operation processing temperature.
Existing package conditioning and loosening processing method mainly contains:
The method of section moisture regain: this method is earlier tobacco bale to be evenly divided into several sections, sends into the drum-type damping machine then successively and heats the moisture regain processing.The smoked sheet that this method is handled, not only material to make broken consumption bigger, and loosening ratio is less.
Continous vacuum moisture regain method: this method is earlier tobacco bale to be opened in the Turnover Box of packing into behind the bag, and make the smoked sheet layer direction of tobacco bale be in vertical direction, edgewise is peeled off into several parts equably with tobacco bale then, tobacco bale is sent into together with Turnover Box heated the moisture regain processing in the vacuum conditioning casing again.The sheet cigarette that this method is handled, material to make broken consumption less relatively, but the loosening ratio of material is little, the sheet cigarette fragrance loss that the lack of homogeneity of moisture regain, vacuum draw cause is bigger.
Microwave tobacco bale loosening method: this method utilizes microwave that tobacco bale is carried out loose processing earlier, tobacco bale passes through the effect of moisture isopolarity molecule in microwave field, temperature raises, reduce the bonding force of juice between tobacco bale, tobacco bale after heating is sent into loose feeding machine again, and to carry out mechanical type loose, the sheet cigarette loosening ratio that this method is handled is higher, but it is broken to cause some to make in loose feeding machine.And this method influences to some extent to handling high washer cigarette fragrance.
Additive method: other method substantially all is the combination that concentrates on above-mentioned several method, comprise section+vacuum conditioning method, microwave loose+vacuum conditioning method etc.
Wherein, section+vacuum conditioning method is with tobacco bale section and vacuum conditioning combination, helps improving the uniformity of smoked sheet moisture regain, but can not solve the broken rate height, loosening ratio is low and the problem of sheet cigarette fragrance loss.Microwave is loose+the vacuum conditioning method is that the sheet cigarette will be carried out vacuum conditioning again through behind the microwave heating and loosening earlier, help improving material loosening ratio, reduce make broken, but this method technological process complexity, the operation line is long.Correspondingly, all there is complex structure in the equipment that above-mentioned loose treatment process adopted, the cost problem of higher.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of higher loosening ratio, effective retention tab cigarette fragrance and lower-cost tobacco bale loosening processing method of technology of obtaining under the prerequisite that keeps low broken rate.
Package conditioning and loosening processing method of the present invention comprises tobacco bale loosening; It is characterized in that: it is loose that described tobacco bale loosening adopts warm and humid air-flow to peel off, that is: the tobacco bale that will remove after the packing is sent in the loosening chamber, and makes tobacco bale sheet smoke stratification direction be in direction perpendicular to the loosening chamber bottom surface; Tobacco bale stepping forwards under the drive of the tobacco bale conveying device that is arranged at the loosening chamber bottom; Along the warm and humid air-flow of tobacco bale head sheet smoke stratification direction movable spray, tobacco bale sheet smoke stratification is successively peeled off out by warm and humid air-flow movable spray.
Be further to improve the anti-processability of smoked sheet, described tobacco bale by warm and humid air-flow stripping process in, be 80 ℃-120 ℃ warm and humid hot blast simultaneously to the tobacco bale injection temperation, the moisture of the smoked sheet after peeling off with abundant assurance increases 1%-2%.
The invention has the advantages that:
One, efficiently solves tobacco bale loosening and make broken contradiction
Loosening ratio and the big-and-middle index that rate is a pair of opposition, the present invention makes full use of the lamellar structure of tobacco bale, flexible force realization tobacco bale smoked sheet by air-flow is successively peeled off from the top layer, do not cut into slices, it is loose not use the rake roller to carry out the mechanical type brute force, by warm and humid air-flow smoked sheet is peeled off naturally fully, and then realizes tobacco bale loosening, these two indexs are united, realized reducing smoked sheet simultaneously and made broken and the raising loosening ratio; Simultaneously, the present invention peels off loose by air-flow, for smoked sheet carries out heating and moistening in advance before loosening and gaining moisture, fully eases back, and makes that smoked sheet making in the conditioning and loosening process of postorder is broken reduces significantly.
Two, reduce the fragrance loss of tobacco leaf
Mainly to be that the operation processing temperature is too high cause the fragrance loss of tobacco leaf, before the tobacco leaf conditioning loosening ratio improve, can increase the contact area of tobacco leaf and warm and humid air-flow, improve heat conduction efficiency, utilize lower temperature by lower passing time, just can realize that the temperature of tobacco leaf improves.The present invention is heating and moistening repeatedly at loose process of tobacco leaf and course of conveying and before advancing damping machine, has improved the heat conducting time, and the thermograde that the conduction of corresponding reduction heat needs is beneficial to the low temperature loosening and gaining moisture of realizing tobacco leaf, reduces the loss of tabacco fragrance.When only using warm and humid air-flow loose, in the process of loose tobacco bale, tobacco bale is not carried out high temperature and heat, the fragrance of retention tab cigarette at utmost is for high washer cigarette loose provides a new way.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of equipment of realizing above-mentioned tobacco bale loosening processing method.
Tobacco bale loosening equipment of the present invention comprises feed belt, loosening chamber and tobacco lamina collecting belt, it is characterized in that: the loosening chamber bottom is provided with the tobacco bale conveying device that can make the tobacco bale stepping; Be provided with the sheet smoke stratification direction that makes tobacco bale tobacco bale switching mechanism between feed belt and the loosening chamber bottom perpendicular to tobacco bale conveying device upper surface; Setting can be along the warm and humid gas stripping mechanism of the warm and humid gas of head sheet smoke stratification direction movable spray of tobacco bale in the loosening chamber.
Wherein, described warm and humid gas stripping mechanism comprises the warm and humid flue that is provided with nozzle, and drive the transmission mechanism that warm and humid flue moves along the head sheet smoke stratification direction of tobacco bale, that is: can spray the nozzle of warm and humid gas can be in the sheet smoke stratification aspect of the head top layer of tobacco bale, from sheet smoke stratification edge to middle or another opposite edges up and down or move left and right.
For improving charge stripping efficiency and simplified apparatus structure as much as possible, described warm and humid gas stripping mechanism is provided with two warm and humid flues; Described transmission mechanism comprises the guide post that is installed in the loosening chamber, and the transmission of being made up of the leading screw tooth plate opposite with a double thread; The correspondence of warm and humid flue is fixed on the tooth plate; Tooth plate drives two warm and humid flues are handled the position by tobacco bale head top layer along guide post middle round the moving of two side direction respectively under leading screw drives.
Described tobacco bale switching mechanism, can be between feed belt and tobacco bale conveying device upper surface, setting can right handed upright bag roller, or right handed belt pulley, make tobacco bale in the process of falling by the feed belt end on the tobacco bale conveying device, 90 ° of upsets can take place, thereby the sheet smoke stratification direction that makes tobacco bale is automatically perpendicular to the upper surface of tobacco bale conveying device.Also can be simply with the difference in height that is provided with between feed belt and the tobacco bale conveying device upper surface greater than the length of half tobacco bale, make tobacco bale that 90 ° of upsets automatically take place in the process of falling by the feed belt end on the tobacco bale conveying device, thereby the sheet smoke stratification direction that makes tobacco bale is automatically perpendicular to the upper surface of tobacco bale conveying device.
Described tobacco bale conveying device can be a belt conveyor, also can be conveniently to realize the intermittently tobacco bale conveying roller of stepping.
During actual the use, tobacco bale is sent into the air-flow loosening chamber by feed belt by air-flow loosening chamber inlet, through the tobacco bale switching mechanism, 90 ° of upsets take place in tobacco bale tobacco bale in the process of being fallen the tobacco bale conveying roller by the feed belt end, and the sheet smoke stratification direction of tobacco bale is automatically perpendicular to tobacco bale conveying roller roll surface.Tobacco bale is stepping forward under the effect of tobacco bale conveying roller.When the tobacco bale head is released about tobacco bale conveying roller roller-way face 10-50mm, the trend that makes the smoked sheet layer of tobacco bale head under the gravity effect, have nature to peel off, restart warm and humid gas stripping mechanism, spray warm and humid air-flow, along sheet smoke stratification direction, from the tobacco bale both sides, the 10-50mm smoked sheet on tobacco bale head top layer is peeled off from the top layer.After the smoked sheet of tobacco bale head 10-50mm thickness is peeled off from the top layer, warm and humid gas tobacco bale mechanism for stripping turns back to initial position, and tobacco bale is stepping 10-50mm once more, repeats above-mentioned stripping process, finish air-flow until tobacco bale and peel off loosely, send into next tobacco bale by feed belt again.Loose smoked sheet after peeling off directly enters tobacco lamina collecting belt through being metered into moisture regain operation subsequently.Loose smoked sheet in resurgence process and the contact-making surface of hot blast, aqueous vapor increase, can improve the heat conduction efficiency of smoked sheet and hot blast, strengthen the uniformity of smoked sheet moisture absorption, therefore, smoked sheet can be realized the raising of the last loose and moisture of smoked sheet under lower temperature in resurgence process.
According to the grade and the loose intensity of tobacco leaf, can be by regulating the strength of peeling off that stream pressure is regulated warm and humid air-flow, broken to reduce as much as possible to make.
In order to guarantee that tobacco bale does not collapse being stripped under the very little situation of thickness, the present invention can be provided with in loosening chamber and make tobacco bale keep its sheet smoke stratification direction all the time perpendicular to the upright stabilising arrangement of tobacco bale of tobacco bale conveying roller roll surface in the stepping process; The upright stabilising arrangement of described tobacco bale comprises the supporting plate that is arranged in the loosening chamber, and drives that supporting plate is close to the tobacco bale rear side and along with the synchronization-moving transmission mechanism of tobacco bale.The transmission mechanism of described supporting plate can be existing transmission mechanisms of realizing that straight line moves such as leading screw, chain transmission, band transmission.
Simultaneously, also can be in loosening chamber both sides the tobacco bale side be set stablize roller, it is vertically installed unpowered roller that roller is stablized in described tobacco bale side, to guarantee more fully in the process of delamination, stablize the down fixing of roller at upright stabilising arrangement of tobacco bale and tobacco bale side, the sheet smoke stratification direction of tobacco bale realizes the loose of tobacco bale all the time perpendicular to tobacco bale conveying roller roll surface with the lamellar structure that makes full use of tobacco bale.
In addition, in order further to improve the anti-processability of smoked sheet, tobacco bale loosening treatment facility of the present invention also is provided with warm and humid hot air circulating system; Described warm and humid hot air circulating system is included in the air entry that top, loosening chamber porch is provided with, and at the warm and humid hot blast air inlet of loosening chamber towards the setting of tobacco bale head one end.In limellar stripping, head-on apply warm and humid hot blast by warm and humid hot air circulating system to tobacco bale, improve the moisture and the temperature of smoked sheet, further improve the anti-processability of smoked sheet.The air entry of warm and humid hot air circulating system is positioned at the top of loosening chamber inlet, to guarantee having little negative pressure in the loosening chamber inlet, prevents that warm and humid gas is excessive.
The loosening chamber inlet of tobacco bale loosening treatment facility of the present invention can use automatic opening and closing door to implement switch, also can use curtain to intercept the convection current of inside and outside gas, can also utilize the next one to treat that loose tobacco bale blocks the convection current that inlet intercepts inside and outside gas.Optoelectronic switch or other sensing element can be installed in the both sides of loosening chamber, with the position of induction tobacco bale, realize the automatic operation of warm and humid gas stripping mechanism, and the automatic stepping of tobacco bale conveying roller.
Tobacco bale loosening treatment facility overall structure of the present invention is simple, can realize tobacco bale loosening separately, also can be used in combination with other package conditioning and loosening treatment facilities, improves every index of package conditioning and loosening.
The specific embodiment:
Tobacco bale loosening processing method of the present invention can combine with the moisture regain treatment process and carry out.For the tobacco flake remoistening parameter that makes tobacco bale reaches desired process conditions, adopt the preferred compositions remoistening process of tobacco bale loosening processing method of the present invention, can comprise following step successively:
1, tobacco bale is got the raw materials ready after removing packed in cases, and at this moment, the temperature of tobacco bale is a normal temperature, and moisture content is generally about 12%.
2, tobacco bale enters the loose operation of air-flow, realizes that air-flow is loose.That is: the tobacco bale that will remove after the packing is sent in the loosening chamber, and makes tobacco bale sheet smoke stratification direction be in direction perpendicular to the loosening chamber bottom surface; Tobacco bale stepping forwards under the drive of the tobacco bale conveying device that is arranged at the loosening chamber bottom; Along the warm and humid air-flow of tobacco bale head sheet smoke stratification direction movable spray, tobacco bale sheet smoke stratification is successively peeled off out by warm and humid air-flow movable spray.Tobacco bale by warm and humid air-flow stripping process in, simultaneously be 80 ℃-120 ℃ warm and humid hot blast to the tobacco bale injection temperation.The loosening ratio of the smoked sheet after the loose process of this air-flow can reach 90%.In this operation, smoked sheet moisture content improves 1%-2%, and temperature is increased to about 50 ℃, and to improve the anti-processability of the smoked sheet in the loose process, minimizing is made broken.
3, the smoked sheet after loose quantitatively is next step loosening and gaining moisture machine feeding through metering units.
4, utilize the loosening and gaining moisture machine to realize the loose and humidification of smoked sheet, the loosening ratio of the smoked sheet behind the damping machine is 100%, and temperature is lower than 100 ℃, and moisture content is about 22%.
Tobacco bale loosening treatment facility of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprise that feed belt 11, air-flow loosening chamber 12, air-flow loosening chamber inlet 13, the upright stabilising arrangement 14 of tobacco bale, tobacco bale side stablize roller 15, tobacco bale conveying roller 16, warm and humid gas stripping mechanism 17, warm and humid hot air inlet 18, air entry 19, tobacco lamina collecting belt 20 several sections.Above-mentioned parts all are fixed on the same frame by shown position.Tobacco bale conveying roller 16 is arranged at air-flow loosening chamber 12 bottoms; Difference in height greater than the length of half tobacco bale is arranged between feed belt 11 and the tobacco bale conveying roller 16, tobacco bale is fallen by feed belt 11 ends in the process of tobacco bale conveying roller 16 90 ° of upsets can be taken place, thereby the sheet smoke stratification direction that makes tobacco bale is automatically perpendicular to the roll surface of tobacco bale conveying roller 16; Warm and humid gas stripping mechanism 17 is arranged in the air-flow loosening chamber 12.The upright stabilising arrangement 14 of tobacco bale is one to be arranged at air-flow loosening chamber 12 porch, and can be close to the tobacco bale rear side, along with the synchronization-moving supporting plate of tobacco bale.Roller 15 is stablized for uprightly being installed on the unpowered roller of both sides in the air-flow loosening chamber in the tobacco bale side.
As shown in Figure 2, warm and humid gas stripping mechanism 17 wherein comprises two groups of nozzles 76 that are installed on two warm and humid flues 75, and warm and humid flue 75 is separately fixed on the positive and negative each other tooth plate of a double thread 74, and the borehole jack on the tooth plate 74 is on guide post 73.Tooth plate 74 drives back and forth movement under the guiding of guide post 73 by leading screw 72, and leading screw 72 is driven by reductor 71.When nozzle 76 moved near the centre position by two ends, tobacco bale head top layer smoked sheet was stripped from, and reductor 71 counter-rotating is got back to original position up to nozzle 76, and tobacco bale is in stepping forward, so repeatedly, peeled off up to tobacco bale and to finish.Leading screw 72 and guide post 73 all are fixed on the air-flow loosening chamber 12.
Tobacco bale loosening treatment facility of the present invention can be used for package conditioning and loosening treatment system as shown in Figure 3, comprises that warm and humid air-flow tobacco bale loosening device 1, smoked sheet belt conveyer 2, feeding machine 3, belt claim 4, belt conveyer 5 and loosening and gaining moisture machine 6.Wherein warm and humid air-flow aeration apparatus 1 can be realized the loosening ratio 90% of tobacco bale, and moisture content increases 1%-2%; Feeding machine 3 and belt conveyer scale 4 are formed metering units; The final moisture regain of loosening and gaining moisture machine 6 realization smoked sheets and loose, the smoked sheet loosening ratio of taking a sample in its outlet is 100%, moisture content increases about 8%-10%.Smoked sheet belt conveyer 2 and belt conveyer 5 are connection device, equipment and adjusting technology flow before and after being connected.