CN101556093A - Device for utilizing residual heat to realize combined supply of cold and heat and method of combined supply of cold and heat - Google Patents

Device for utilizing residual heat to realize combined supply of cold and heat and method of combined supply of cold and heat Download PDF

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CN101556093A
CN101556093A CNA2009100511862A CN200910051186A CN101556093A CN 101556093 A CN101556093 A CN 101556093A CN A2009100511862 A CNA2009100511862 A CN A2009100511862A CN 200910051186 A CN200910051186 A CN 200910051186A CN 101556093 A CN101556093 A CN 101556093A
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adsorptive reactor
heat
reactor
reaction
cold
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CN101556093B (en
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王筱申
包华汕
王如竹
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
    • Y02B30/625—Absorption based systems combined with heat or power generation [CHP], e.g. trigeneration

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Abstract

The invention relates to a device for utilizing residual heat to realize combined supply of cold and heat and a method of combined supply of cold and heat, belonging to the technical field of chemical absorption. The device comprises a first absorptive reactor, a second absorptive reactor, a valve, a connecting pipeline and heat transfer fins, wherein the first absorptive reactor and the second absorptive reactor communicates with each other through the connecting pipeline and the valve; and the outer parts of the first absorptive reactor and the second absorptive reactor are respectively provided with a plurality of heat transfer fins. Compared with the prior art, the embodiment improves refrigerating capacity of unit area.

Description

Utilize waste heat to realize the device and the cooling/heating united supply method thereof of cold and heat combined supply
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the devices and methods therefor of the cold and heat combined supply in a kind of chemisorption techniques field, specifically is a kind of device and cooling/heating united supply method thereof that utilizes waste heat to realize cold and heat combined supply.
Background technology
Be unable to do without using energy source in our daily life, we need refrigeration air-conditioner, also need heat supply water and heating.This has wherein consumed a large amount of electric power and combustion gas, it is reported that the energy consumption of these primary energy accounts for 30% of national energy wastage in bulk or weight.Primary energy mainly is coal, oil, natural gas, and the transformation efficiency that they is converted into electric power is generally 30 ~ 40%, and the unconverted energy has then become waste heat, does not utilize then waste heat has become used heat if do not add.If with these heat recovery, waste heat will be a considerable energy.China places strategic height to energy resources now, and has determined the energy policy of " exploitation is laid equal stress on saving, in the recent period based on saving ".Save and reduce discharging the foundation stone that has become the Future in China sustainable development.Therefore, recycle the research and development break-through point that waste heat of plant and development and use regenerative resource have become many machinery products.
Find that through retrieval nest Britain company releases 330ml new ideas " heating milk coffee can automatically " according to the principle of water and quick lime chemical reaction generation heat, and about 3 minutes beverages can reach 60 ℃ to prior art; A Japan day clear company utilizes burning heat release principle to develop a kind of self-heating instant noodles can, can make in jar interior noodles 5min and boil; The principle that Japan also has some food producers to utilize water and ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate and sodium carbonate, calcium chloride and urea generation endothermic chemical reaction can obtain refrigeration originates from cold can or the like next life.
Find by retrieval that in addition Huadong Food ﹠ Drink Industry Inst., Shanghai adopts suction enfleurage thermal chemical reaction principle successfully to develop a new generation's " self cooling (self-heating) formula beverage cans "; Modern rice room, Xuzhou self-heating Food Co., Ltd, flavor restaurant self-heating food company, Jiangsu Yuanhong Food Co., Ltd., Fujian Wanghe Food Co., Ltd etc. have also all developed self-heating rice and obtained enough experiences in the production and the market promotions.And the product structure of above-mentioned prior art is simple, the simple disposable material that employing can't be recycled, and the effect instability of cold and heat combined supply on the one hand, simultaneously because reusable edible not, the technique effect that energy conservation is brought has more been offset in the environmental pollution that causes.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the prior art above shortcomings, a kind of device and cooling/heating united supply method thereof that utilizes waste heat to realize cold and heat combined supply is provided, rely on the chemical reaction parsing heat of slaine and ammonia to freeze, can use repeatedly; Resolve hot 2 times of being about ammonia evaporation enthalpy in the prior art, compared to existing technology, the present invention has improved refrigerating capacity of unit area, and small product size is small and exquisite portable when having improved alliance efficient.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The device that utilizes waste heat to realize cold and heat combined supply involved in the present invention comprises: first adsorptive reactor, second adsorptive reactor, valve, connecting pipe and thermofin, wherein: be connected with valve by connecting pipe between first adsorptive reactor and second adsorptive reactor, be equipped with some thermofins in the outside of first adsorptive reactor and second adsorptive reactor.
Described first adsorptive reactor and second adsorptive reactor are the cylindrical structural that stainless steel is made.
Described valve is a vacuum valve, owing to be in low-pressure state in the refrigeration stage system.
Described thermofin is the helical fin structure that stainless steel is made.
Be filled with the heavy metallic salt adsorbent and the ammonia of cylindrical bulk in described first adsorptive reactor, wherein: the component of heavy metallic salt adsorbent and mass percent are 65% manganese chloride and 35% expanded graphite, and the mol ratio of ammonia and manganese chloride is 6: 1.
Described heavy metallic salt adsorbent is made after expanded graphite is fully mixed oven dry with manganese chloride solution after through 800 ℃ of high-temperature process.
Be filled with the halogen adsorbent and the ammonia of cylindrical bulk in described second adsorptive reactor, wherein: the component of halogen adsorbent and mass percent are 65% sodium bromide and 35% expanded graphite, and the mol ratio of ammonia and sodium bromide is 5.25: 1.
Described halogen adsorbent is made after expanded graphite is fully mixed oven dry with sodium bromide solution after through 800 ℃ of high-temperature process.
Involved in the present invention as the above-mentioned cooling/heating united supply method that utilizes waste heat to realize heat and cold supplier, may further comprise the steps.
The first step, open first adsorptive reactor that is filled with ammonia, manganese chloride and expanded graphite and be filled with valve between second adsorptive reactor of ammonia, sodium bromide and expanded graphite, and utilize low-grade heat source to first adsorptive reactor heating 20～30 minutes, make respectively and carry out in the adsorptive reactor of winning carrying out first combination reaction in first decomposition reaction, second adsorptive reactor.
Described low-grade heat source is meant household electrical appliance waste heat or solar energy.
Described first decomposition reaction is meant manganese chloride ammino-complex MnCl in first adsorptive reactor 26NH 3Endothermic decomposition generates MnCl 22NH 3And NH 3, chemical equation is as follows:
Figure A20091005118600061
Reaction enthalpy Δ H wherein MnCl2Be 2924kJ/kg (NH 3), i.e. the NH of unit mass in the following formula chemical reaction 3Participate in reaction needed and absorb heat 2924kJ.
Described first combination reaction is meant: NH 3With the sodium bromide heat release chemical combination generation at normal temperatures NaBr5.25NH in second adsorptive reactor 3, chemical equation is as follows:
Figure A20091005118600062
Reaction enthalpy Δ H wherein NaBrBe 1790kJ/kg (NH 3), i.e. the NH of unit mass in the following formula chemical reaction 3Participate in reaction and can emit heat 1790kJ.
Second step, treat that first combination reaction in second adsorptive reactor is carried out 20～30 minutes after, close the valve between first adsorptive reactor and second adsorptive reactor, remove low-grade heat source and make first adsorptive reactor be cooled to normal temperature.
The 3rd step, after first adsorptive reactor and second adsorptive reactor all are cooled to normal temperature, open valve, make respectively and carry out carrying out in second decomposition reaction, first adsorptive reactor second combination reaction and provide heat in second adsorptive reactor to the external world.
Described second decomposition reaction is meant: the NaBr5.25NH that the compound adsorbent of sodium bromide and expanded graphite generates in the first step in second adsorptive reactor 3Endothermic decomposition generates NaBr and NH 3, chemical equation is as follows:
Reaction enthalpy Δ H wherein NaBrBe 1790kJ/kg (NH 3), i.e. the NH of unit mass in the following formula chemical reaction 3Participate in reaction needed and absorb heat 1790kJ.
Described second combination reaction is meant: NH 3With manganese chloride ammino-complex MnCl in first adsorptive reactor 22NH 3Heat release chemical combination generates MnCl 26NH 3, chemical equation is as follows:
Figure A20091005118600064
Reaction enthalpy Δ H wherein MnCl2Be 2924kJ/kg (NH 3), i.e. the NH of unit mass in the following formula chemical reaction 3Participate in reaction and can emit heat 2924kJ.
The 4th step, treat that second combination reaction of first adsorptive reactor carried out 40～50 minutes, promptly finish once complete cold and heat combined supply process, after the present invention finishes cold and heat combined supply process, angle from reversible chemical reaction, utilize waste heat or Driven by Solar Energy to carry out reverse chemical reaction again and get back to original original state, thereby reach the effect that to enable self cooling or self-heating once more.
The heat that adds to native system input is greater than and chemical decomposition takes place in first adsorptive reactor reacts needed theoretical heat because its heat with some loss in the intensification of metal adsorption bed and compound adsorbent.Comprise the heat of native system output and cold also all with some loss on the self-heating of metal adsorption bed and compound adsorbent is self cooling.Refrigerating efficiency when this device can obtain cryogenic temperature and is 0 ℃ under the environment temperature of the input of 155 ℃ waste heat heat and 30 ℃ is 0.30～0.32.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the waste heat that utilizes that present embodiment relates to realizes that heat and cold supplier comprises: first adsorptive reactor 1, second adsorptive reactor 2, valve 3, connecting pipe 4 and thermofin 5, wherein: be connected with valve 3 by connecting pipe 4 between first adsorptive reactor 1 and second adsorptive reactor 2, be equipped with some thermofins 5 in the outside of first adsorptive reactor 1 and second adsorptive reactor 2.
Be filled with the ammonia gas of 15g in described first adsorptive reactor and comprise solid manganese chloride 55.5g and the heavy metallic salt adsorbent of expanded graphite 29.88g mixing briquet.This heavy metallic salt adsorbent be manganese chloride solution with fully mix through expanded graphite through 800 ℃ of high-temperature process after, dry wherein moisture, and mixture be pressed into cylindrical block thing.
Be filled with the ammonia gas of 30g in described second adsorptive reactor and comprise sodium bromide 34.59g and the halogen adsorbent of expanded graphite 18.63g mixing briquet.This halogen adsorbent is dried wherein moisture, and mixture is pressed into cylindrical block thing after to be sodium bromide solution with expanded graphite through 800 ℃ of high-temperature process fully mix.
The described device of present embodiment is realized cold and heat combined supply by following steps:
The first step, open first adsorptive reactor 1 that is filled with ammonia, manganese chloride and expanded graphite and be filled with sodium bromide and second adsorptive reactor 2 of expanded graphite between valve 3, utilize low-grade heat source that first adsorptive reactor 1 was heated 25 minutes, make respectively and carry out in the adsorptive reactor 1 of winning carrying out first combination reaction in first decomposition reaction, second adsorptive reactor 2.
Described low-grade heat source is meant household electrical appliance waste heat or solar energy.
Described first decomposition reaction is meant the manganese chloride ammino-complex MnCl that the reaction of ammonia and manganese chloride forms in first adsorptive reactor 1 26NH 3Generate MnCl through endothermic decomposition 22NH 3And NH 3, chemical equation is as follows:
NH in the present embodiment 3The absorption heat is 2924kJ/kg.
Described first combination reaction is meant: NH 3With ammonia and the sodium bromide heat release chemical combination generation at normal temperatures NaBr5.25NH in second adsorptive reactor 2 3, chemical equation is as follows:
Figure A20091005118600082
NH in the present embodiment 3Release heat is 1790kJ/kg.
Second step, treat that combination reaction in second adsorptive reactor 2 is carried out 25 minutes after, close the valve 3 between first adsorptive reactor 1 and second adsorptive reactor 2, remove low-grade heat source and make first adsorptive reactor 1 be cooled to normal temperature.
The 3rd step, when first adsorptive reactor 1 and second adsorptive reactor 2 all are in normal temperature, open valve 3, make second adsorptive reactor 2 carry out second decomposition reaction respectively, first adsorptive reactor 1 carries out second combination reaction, and provide energy to the external world.
Described second decomposition reaction is meant: the NaBr5.25NH that the compound adsorbent of sodium bromide and expanded graphite generates in the first step in second adsorptive reactor 3Endothermic decomposition generates NaBr and NH 3, chemical equation is as follows:
Figure A20091005118600083
NH in the present embodiment 3Release heat is 1790kJ/kg.
Described second combination reaction is meant: NH 3With manganese chloride ammino-complex MnCl in first adsorptive reactor 22NH 3Heat release chemical combination generates MnCl 26NH 3, chemical equation is as follows:
Figure A20091005118600084
NH in the present embodiment 3The absorption heat is 2924kJ/kg.
After the 4th step, the combination reaction for the treatment of first adsorptive reactor are carried out 45 minutes, get back to original state thereby utilize low-grade heat source to drive the described device of this present embodiment again, so that start cold and heat combined supply next time.
The waste heat that utilizes that present embodiment relates to realizes that the refrigerating efficiency of heat and cold supplier is:
COP = Q usefulcold Q input ,
Wherein: Q UaefulsoldRepresent obtainable effective refrigerating capacity, Q InputExpression is to the waste heat or the solar heat of system and device input, and what draw is the refrigerating efficiency of device.By calculating the refrigerating efficiency of this device can obtain cryogenic temperature be 0 ℃ under the environment temperature of the input of 155 ℃ waste heat heat and 30 ℃ the time is 0.31.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of device that utilizes waste heat to realize cold and heat combined supply, it is characterized in that, comprise: first adsorptive reactor, second adsorptive reactor, valve, connecting pipe and thermofin, wherein: be connected with valve by connecting pipe between first adsorptive reactor and second adsorptive reactor, be equipped with some thermofins in the outside of first adsorptive reactor and second adsorptive reactor.
2, the device that utilizes waste heat to realize cold and heat combined supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that described first adsorptive reactor and second adsorptive reactor are the cylindrical structural that stainless steel is made.
3, the waste heat that utilizes according to claim 1 is realized heat and cold supplier, it is characterized in that described thermofin is the helical fin structure that stainless steel is made.
4, the device that utilizes waste heat to realize cold and heat combined supply according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be filled with the heavy metallic salt adsorbent and the ammonia of cylindrical bulk in described first adsorptive reactor, wherein: the component of heavy metallic salt adsorbent and mass percent are 65% manganese chloride and 35% expanded graphite, and the mol ratio of ammonia and manganese chloride is 6: 1.
5, the device that utilizes waste heat to realize cold and heat combined supply according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be filled with the halogen adsorbent and the ammonia of cylindrical bulk in described second adsorptive reactor, wherein: the component of halogen adsorbent and mass percent are 65% sodium bromide and 35% expanded graphite, and the mol ratio of ammonia and sodium bromide is 5.25: 1.
6, a kind of cooling/heating united supply method of device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The first step, open first adsorptive reactor that is filled with manganese chloride and expanded graphite and be filled with sodium bromide and second adsorptive reactor of expanded graphite between valve, and utilize low-grade heat source to first adsorptive reactor heating 20～30 minutes, make respectively and carry out in the adsorptive reactor of winning carrying out first combination reaction in first decomposition reaction, second adsorptive reactor;
Second step, treat that first combination reaction in second adsorptive reactor is carried out 20～30 minutes after, close the valve between first adsorptive reactor and second adsorptive reactor, remove low-grade heat source and make first adsorptive reactor be cooled to normal temperature;
The 3rd step, after first adsorptive reactor and second adsorptive reactor all are cooled to normal temperature, open valve, make respectively and carry out carrying out in second decomposition reaction, first adsorptive reactor second combination reaction and provide heat in second adsorptive reactor to the external world;
The 4th step, treat that second combination reaction of first adsorptive reactor carried out 40～50 minutes, promptly finish once complete cold and heat combined supply process, after the present invention finishes cold and heat combined supply process, angle from reversible chemical reaction, utilize waste heat or Driven by Solar Energy to carry out reverse chemical reaction again and get back to original original state, thereby reach the effect that to enable self cooling or self-heating once more.
7, the cooling/heating united supply method of device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described first decomposition reaction is meant manganese chloride ammino-complex MnCl in first adsorptive reactor 26NH 3Endothermic decomposition generates MnCl 22NH 3And NH 3, chemical equation is as follows:
Figure A2009100511860003C1
8, the cooling/heating united supply method of device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described first combination reaction is meant: NH 3With the sodium bromide heat release chemical combination generation at normal temperatures NaBr5.25NH in second adsorptive reactor 3, chemical equation is as follows:
Figure A2009100511860003C2
9, the cooling/heating united supply method of device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described second decomposition reaction is meant: the NaBr5.25NH that the compound adsorbent of sodium bromide and expanded graphite generates in the first step in second adsorptive reactor 3Endothermic decomposition generates NaBr and NH 3, chemical equation is as follows:
Figure A2009100511860003C3
10, the cooling/heating united supply method of device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described second combination reaction is meant: NH 3With manganese chloride ammino-complex MnCl in first adsorptive reactor 22NH 3Heat release chemical combination generates MnCl 26NH 3, chemical equation is as follows:
Figure A2009100511860003C4
CN2009100511862A 2009-05-14 2009-05-14 Method of combined supply of cold and heat of device for utilizing residual heat to realize combined supply of cold and heat Expired - Fee Related CN101556093B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103590293A (en) * 2013-11-18 2014-02-19 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司 Method for maintaining thermal stability of permafrost foundation subgrade by using solar refrigeration device
CN105308399A (en) * 2013-06-18 2016-02-03 科尔德维公司 External modular device for autonomous regulation of the temperature of an enclosure

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN1240975C (en) * 2003-11-06 2006-02-08 上海交通大学 Mini triple system for cold, heat and electricity supply based on solid absorption refrigerator
CN1259533C (en) * 2004-11-25 2006-06-14 上海交通大学 Hot water driven adsorptive air conditioner
CN101240951A (en) * 2008-03-06 2008-08-13 上海交通大学 Dual adsorption type cooling cycle system
CN100575820C (en) * 2008-07-10 2009-12-30 上海交通大学 Multi-effect adsorption-type refrigerating circulation system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105308399A (en) * 2013-06-18 2016-02-03 科尔德维公司 External modular device for autonomous regulation of the temperature of an enclosure
CN103590293A (en) * 2013-11-18 2014-02-19 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司 Method for maintaining thermal stability of permafrost foundation subgrade by using solar refrigeration device
CN103590293B (en) * 2013-11-18 2016-01-20 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司 Solar refrigerating device is utilized to safeguard the heat-staple method of permanent frozen soil foundation roadbed

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