CN211141967U - A Novel Biomass-Solar Distributed Polygeneration System - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel living beings-solar energy distributing type polygeneration system, including the preprocessing equipment, heat pipe formula gasification reactor, solar heat collection device, purify purification equipment, cold and hot electricity trigeminy supplies the device, living beings charcoal deep-processing system and living beings extract liquid deep-processing system, the living beings granule after the preprocessing equipment preliminary treatment is carried heat pipe formula gasification reactor and is carried out thermochemical reaction, the living beings charcoal that obtains enters into living beings charcoal deep-processing system, the gaseous state result that obtains is sent into purification equipment and is purified the purification operation, the living beings extract that purification process obtained is carried living beings extract liquid deep-processing system, living beings gas after the purification is carried cold and hot electricity trigeminy supplies the device. The utility model provides a pair of novel living beings-solar energy distributing type polygeneration system can realize living beings to the transformation of diversified high value product through the complementary self-adaptation of biomass energy and solar energy, effectively solves traditional living beings allies oneself with the single problem of system's input energy.

Description

A Novel Biomass-Solar Distributed Polygeneration System

technical field

The utility model relates to a novel biomass-solar distributed poly-generation system, which belongs to the technical field of biomass conversion.

Background technique

The current society is moving towards sustainable development. Energy is an important basis for social development. The traditional use of fossil energy is facing the dual pressures of resources and the environment. The development of clean and non-polluting renewable energy with large reserves of resources is of great significance to the sustainable development of society, while solar energy and biomass energy are considered as alternative energy sources for fossil fuels and have received more and more attention. At the same time, with the technological progress of energy systems, distributed energy systems have also received widespread attention due to their unique advantages, which are conducive to the development of future intelligent energy systems and energy interconnection.

The reserves of solar energy are unlimited, the utilization is clean, and the development economy is gradually improved. In particular, the solar thermal conversion and utilization technology has long-term experience accumulation and application prospects. By converting solar energy in different forms, solar energy of different temperatures can be obtained, which can be used to heat biomass gasification reactors, and can also generate higher temperature water vapor as a gasification agent required for the gasification reaction. Syngas, so as to realize the conversion of solar energy into fuel chemical energy, improve the energy taste, and realize the stable storage and convenient transportation of solar energy.

At the same time, biomass is widely distributed and can be used sustainably, which is the only renewable carbon source. However, it also has shortcomings such as scattered resource distribution and low energy flow density. The current biomass utilization is mainly direct combustion, which has low utilization efficiency, and the release of flue gas and dust pollutes the environment and causes social problems, such as crop straw burning. Biomass gasification technology converts biomass raw materials with low energy density into easy-to-use high-quality biomass charcoal, biomass gas and other products, which realizes the energy density improvement and convenient transportation of biomass energy, and greatly improves the utilization efficiency.

The combined cooling, heating and power supply system is a distributed energy system that integrates power generation, heating and cooling. Based on energy cascade utilization, power generation is generated through high-grade thermal energy from fuel combustion, and lower-grade thermal energy is used for heating, heating, cooling or Dehumidification, to achieve various forms of energy co-generation such as cooling, heating and electricity.

The current biomass co-production system is mainly in the form of biomass direct combustion or gasification, the input energy is single, and it is relatively lacking in terms of multi-energy complementarity and moderate and in-depth utilization of energy grades; at the same time, its output product form is monotonous, and it is difficult for the user side. The diversity demand response is poor; in addition, the comprehensive cascade utilization of energy such as waste heat resources in the system also needs to be paid attention to.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and to provide a system that can realize the transformation of biomass into diversified high-value products through the complementary adaptation of biomass energy and solar energy, and effectively solve the traditional biomass combination. It is a new biomass-solar distributed polygeneration system for the problems of single energy at the input end of the system, monotonous product form, and poor economic benefits.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present utility model is:

A novel biomass-solar distributed multi-generation system, including pretreatment equipment, heat pipe gasification reactor, solar heat collector, purification and purification equipment, combined cooling, heating and power equipment, biomass carbon deep processing system and biomass The extraction liquid deep processing system, the pretreatment equipment is used for drying and pulverizing the biomass, and the biomass particles pretreated by the pretreatment equipment are transported to the heat pipe gasification reactor for thermochemical reaction to obtain The biomass char enters the biomass char deep processing system, and the obtained gaseous product is sent to the purification and purification equipment for purification and purification operation, and the purified biomass extraction solution of the purification and purification equipment is transported to the biomass. Extracted liquid deep processing system, the purified biomass gas is transported to the cooling, heating and power combined supply device.

Including a waste heat recovery device, the waste heat recovery device transports the solar energy of the solar heat collection device to the pretreatment equipment and the heat pipe gasification reactor, and the waste heat recovery device The low temperature waste heat is sent to the pretreatment equipment, and the waste heat recovery device sends the high temperature waste heat of the heat pipe gasification reactor to the pretreatment equipment and the combined cooling, heating and power supply device.

The driving mode of the combined cooling, heating and power supply device includes an internal combustion engine, a gas turbine or an external combustion engine.

The combined cooling, heating and power supply device comprises an internal combustion engine generator set, a flue gas hot water type absorption type set, a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, and the internal combustion engine generator set is used for burning biomass gas and then outputting electricity, The high-temperature cylinder jacket water in the gas turbine generator set of the internal combustion engine generator set enters the second heat exchanger for preheating the intake water of the solar heat collector, and the flue gas generated by the internal combustion engine generator set enters the flue gas heat. The water-type absorption unit uses the flue gas as the driving energy to generate chilled water, and at the same time uses the cooling and heat release of the absorption unit to generate hot water for domestic hot water or heating.

The inlet hot water of the flue gas hot water type absorption unit is prepared from the waste heat of the heat pipe type gasification reactor.

The heat pipe type biomass gasification reactor is an external heat type gasification furnace, and energy is jointly provided by biomass and solar energy.

The concentrating solar heat collecting system includes a tower system, a trough system or a low-power concentrating solar heat collecting system.

The flue gas hot water absorption type unit includes a lithium bromide absorption type unit or an ammonia water absorption type unit.

The beneficial effects of the present utility model:

1. A novel biomass-solar distributed polygeneration system provided by the present utility model, by organically integrating the two types of renewable energy sources, biomass and solar energy, and adopting control to achieve high-efficiency complementary self-adaptation, preferential use of solar energy , When the solar energy is insufficient, biomass is used to supplement, improve the biomass gasification efficiency, and realize the corresponding cascade utilization of different renewable energy sources, and the system always has high energy utilization efficiency.

2. A novel biomass-solar distributed polygeneration system provided by the present utility model, as the only renewable carbon source, is a resource-rich and clean renewable energy source, most of the carbon in the further transformation and utilization of biomass is The form of biomass carbon is fixed, and part of the carbon is re-released into the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide after utilization, which can achieve zero or negative carbon dioxide emissions to a certain extent, effectively reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

3. A novel biomass-solar distributed multi-generation system provided by the utility model, the solar energy passes through the solar heat collecting device, and is respectively used for the waste heat drying of biomass raw materials, heating of biomass gasification reactor, The preparation of steam gasification agent and the heat source of the multi-supply system are used directly or indirectly, to a certain extent, the low-temperature heat energy of solar energy is converted into chemical energy of gas, which realizes the improvement of energy grade and the efficient and stable storage of solar energy.

4. A novel biomass-solar distributed polygeneration system provided by the present utility model adopts a heat pipe biomass gasification reactor to give full play to its excellent heat and mass transfer and temperature uniformity characteristics to improve biomass heat transfer. Due to the problems of poor characteristics and low gasification efficiency, the temperature control in the gasifier is more precise, and the quality of biomass gas can be effectively improved by combining with steam gasification.

5. A novel biomass-solar distributed polygeneration system provided by the utility model makes full use of the waste heat resources in the gasifier and the gas power generation system, and is used for driving the heat source of the lithium bromide absorption unit to realize the combination of cold, heat and power. supply and improve the utilization efficiency of waste heat resources.

6. A novel biomass-solar distributed polygeneration system provided by the present utility model, the system products, in addition to the traditional cold, thermal power and gas, also produce a series of high value-added biomass charcoal and biomass extraction liquid The product can meet the various needs of the user side and has high economic benefits.

7. A novel biomass-solar energy distributed polygeneration system provided by the utility model can process biomass raw materials nearby, solve the problems of biomass distribution and dispersion, energy density, and transportation difficulty. And areas with abundant biomass resources can provide energy or can be used in regional energy systems (or energy islands), etc., to improve the overall efficiency of the system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the module connection schematic diagram of a novel biomass-solar distributed polygeneration system of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a working principle diagram of a novel biomass-solar distributed polygeneration system provided by the utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a combined cooling, heating and power supply system using an internal combustion engine generator set in the utility model.

The reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1-biomass pretreatment; 2-heat pipe gasification reactor; 3-concentrating solar heat collection system; 4-purification and purification equipment; 5-cooling, heating and power combined supply system; 6 -Biomass carbon deep processing system; 7-Biomass extraction liquid deep processing system.

Detailed ways

The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present utility model.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present utility model provides a novel biomass-solar distributed multi-generation system, including a biomass pre-treatment device 1, a heat-pipe gasification reactor 2, a purification and purification equipment 4, and a concentrating light. Type solar heat collection system 3, combined cooling, heating and power supply system 5, biomass carbon deep processing system 6 and biomass extraction liquid deep processing system 7. The distributed polygeneration system uses renewable energy sources such as biomass and solar energy as input energy. Solar energy can be used for biomass drying, gasification, and supply of cold, heat and electricity, etc. The two are controlled to achieve efficient and adaptive complementary operation.

The biomass pretreatment device 1 is used for drying and pulverizing biomass. The heat of drying comes from the solar energy of the concentrating solar heat collecting system 3 or the heat of the heat pipe gasification reactor 2, which reduces the moisture content of the biomass raw material, and reduces the moisture content of the biomass raw material. The biomass is crushed by a crusher. The drying of the biomass raw material in the biomass pretreatment device 1 uses solar energy as a heat source, and can also use the waste heat of flue gas of an internal combustion engine or a gas turbine as a heat source. The biomass particles at the outlet of the biomass pretreatment device 1 and the water vapor generated by the concentrating solar heat collecting system 3 participate in the gasification reaction together in the heat pipe gasification reactor 2 .

The heat pipe type biomass gasification reactor 2 is an external heating type gasifier, which is provided with energy by biomass and solar energy. The solar energy is preferentially used for heating through control. When the solar energy is insufficient, biomass combustion is used to supplement it. The heat pipe type gasification reactor 2 Combined with the excellent temperature uniformity and heat transfer performance of the heat pipe, the biomass used at the outlet of the biomass pretreatment device and the water vapor generated by the concentrating solar heat collecting system 3 undergo a gasification reaction, and the energy required for the reaction is generated by the biomass. The material and the solar energy of the concentrating solar heat collecting system 3 are provided together to realize the conversion of biomass to carbon, gas and liquid, and the preliminary separation of solid phase and gas phase products is realized in the heat pipe gasification reactor 2 .

The concentrating solar heat collection system 3 uses the concentrating heat collector to collect solar energy to obtain high-temperature water vapor or heat transfer oil, and realizes the auxiliary heating of the heat pipe gasification reactor 2. At the same time, the water vapor can also be used in the gasification reactor Vaporizer. The concentrating solar heat collection system 3 can adopt various types. When a tower system or a trough system is used, it can not only provide a high temperature heat source for the gasification process in the heat pipe gasification reactor 2, but also provide a high temperature heat source for the gasification reactor. Water vapor vaporizer. When using a low-power concentrating solar heat collection system such as CPC, it is mainly used for drying pretreatment of biomass and generating medium and low temperature water vapor. The medium water in the concentrating solar heat collecting system 3 is preheated by using the cylinder jacket water of the internal combustion engine or the flue gas of the internal combustion engine/gas turbine.

The purification and purification equipment 4 is used for the separation, purification and purification of the gas at the outlet of the heat pipe gasification reactor 2, and further realizes the separation of biomass carbon, condensable gas (biomass extract) and non-condensable gas in the gaseous products , and then separate the combustible and non-combustible components of the non-condensable gas, and finally purify and purify the gas-phase products to obtain biomass extract, high-quality biomass gas and a small amount of biomass char.

Combined cooling, heating and power supply system 5 uses biomass gas as fuel to combine with internal combustion engine or gas turbine to generate electricity, and adopts lithium bromide absorption unit to produce chilled water, heating hot water and domestic heat with waste heat of gas and waste heat of gasification reactor as driving heat energy Water, realize the joint supply of cold, heat, electricity, etc.

The combined cooling, heating and power supply system 5 is mainly driven by biomass gas as fuel, and can be driven by an internal combustion engine, a gas turbine, or an external combustion engine. The treated biomass gas enters the gas-fired generator set and is mixed with air to generate electricity and output electricity. The generated flue gas first enters the flue gas hot water absorption refrigeration unit to generate 7°C chilled water, and then enters the first heat exchange The heat exchanger produces hot water at 55°C, and finally the flue gas with a lower heat exchange temperature is discharged to the atmosphere. The high-temperature cylinder jacket water in the internal combustion engine generator set enters the second heat exchanger for preheating and preparing the inlet water of the solar heat collector with higher temperature, while the inlet hot water of the flue gas hot water type lithium bromide absorption unit can be heated by the heat pipe type gas. The waste heat of the chemical reactor is obtained. The combined cooling, heating and power supply system 5 can adopt various types. The biomass gas can be used as fuel to drive the internal combustion engine or gas turbine to generate electricity. At the same time, combined with the lithium bromide absorption unit to produce chilled water, heating hot water and domestic hot water, etc., gasification can also be used. The waste heat of the reactor drives the organic Rankine cycle for power generation and heating, and combines with lithium bromide absorption units to produce cold and hot water, or generates electricity with solar energy, and then combines the electric drive cooling heat pump system with air energy, geothermal energy, ocean energy, etc. The combination of renewable energy sources realizes the supply of cooling, heating and electricity.

Biomass carbon deep processing system 6 is used to develop and produce high-value products for the biomass carbon produced by the system. High-quality products such as carbon materials.

The biological extraction liquid deep processing system 7 is used for in-depth development of the biomass extraction liquid obtained in the system. After separation and extraction, new types of high value-added functional carbon materials, chemicals, biological pesticides, biomass liquid fertilizers, etc. are developed and prepared. High quality product.

The working process of the utility model is as follows: the biomass raw material is in the biomass pretreatment equipment 1 by the waste heat of the gas-fired power generation system or the heat pipe type gasification reactor in the concentrating solar heat collection system 3 in the solar energy or the combined cooling, heating and power supply system 5 The waste heat is heated and dried to reduce the moisture content of the raw material to about 15%, and it is crushed after passing through the biomass pretreatment equipment 1 . The pretreated biomass particles enter the heat pipe type gasification reactor for thermochemical reaction under the action of the heat provided by the solar thermal collector 3 , and also interact with the high-temperature water generated from the solar thermal collector 3 when steam is used for gasification. The vapors co-occur in a gasification reaction. After the heat pipe gasification reactor 2, the solid product obtained after separation is biomass carbon, which is further processed by the biomass carbon deep processing system 6 for preparing activated carbon, mechanical carbon, carbon-based fertilizer, modifier or functional carbon High value-added products such as materials; and the gaseous products are further processed by the purification and purification equipment 4 to obtain liquid products, namely biomass extract and biomass gas, and the biomass extract is further prepared into chemicals and biological pesticides through the extract deep processing system 7 , liquid fertilizer or functional carbon materials, etc., while biomass gas can be further processed into biomass gas such as syngas, hydrogen-rich gas or biogas. The biomass gas obtained after processing can be used with the solar energy obtained from the solar heat collector 3 or the waste heat of the heat pipe gasification reactor 2 to jointly drive the combined cooling, heating and power supply system, thereby generating cold, heat and electricity, etc. User-side electricity, cooling, heating, domestic hot water and other needs. The waste heat resources such as flue gas and cylinder jacket water in the combined cooling, heating and power supply system can be used for the energy supply of biomass pretreatment equipment, and can be used for preheating the working medium in the solar heat collector to achieve cascade utilization.

The utility model provides a novel biomass-solar energy distributed polygeneration system, which comprehensively considers the characteristics of solar energy economical heat collection technology and biomass gasification technology, combined with the efficient heat transfer of heat pipes Mass transfer and excellent uniform temperature characteristics, comprehensively considering the benefits of technology, economy, environment and other aspects, realize the comprehensive cascade utilization of material flow and energy flow, maximize the use of biomass and solar energy, and convert solar energy into chemical energy To achieve grade improvement, stable and efficient storage in biomass-based products. At the same time, the distributed polygeneration system adheres to the principle of collecting biomass raw materials nearby, avoids the energy consumption and cost caused by long-distance transportation based on the principle of low density, and combines the analysis of raw material characteristics to give full play to the advantages of product diversity to meet the user-side cooling requirements. , heat, electricity, gas, dehumidification and other energy needs, as well as high-value demand for biomass charcoal, biomass extraction liquid, biomass gas and other products.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, it should be pointed out that: for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present utility model, several improvements and modifications can also be made. These improvements and Retouching should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A novel biomass-solar distributed poly-generation system is characterized in that: comprises a pretreatment device (1), a heat pipe type gasification reactor (2), a solar heat collection device (3), a purification device (4), a combined cooling heating and power device (5), a biomass charcoal deep processing system (6) and a biomass extract deep processing system (7), the pretreatment equipment (1) is used for drying and crushing biomass, biomass particles pretreated by the pretreatment equipment (1) are conveyed to the heat pipe type gasification reactor (2) for thermochemical reaction, the obtained biomass charcoal enters the biomass charcoal deep processing system (6), and the obtained gaseous products are conveyed to the purification equipment (4) for purification operation, the biomass extracting solution purified by the purifying and purifying equipment (4) is conveyed to the biomass extracting solution deep processing system (7), and the purified biomass gas is conveyed to the combined cooling heating and power device (5).

2. The novel biomass-solar distributed poly-generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the system comprises a waste heat recovery device, wherein the waste heat recovery device conveys solar energy of a solar heat collection device (3) to the pretreatment equipment (1) and the heat pipe type gasification reactor (2), the waste heat recovery device conveys medium and low temperature waste heat of the combined cooling heating and power supply device (5) to the pretreatment equipment (1), and the waste heat recovery device conveys high temperature waste heat of the heat pipe type gasification reactor (2) to the pretreatment equipment (1) and the combined cooling and power supply device (5).

3. The novel biomass-solar distributed poly-generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the driving mode of the combined cooling heating and power device (5) comprises an internal combustion engine, a gas turbine or an external combustion engine.

4. The novel biomass-solar distributed poly-generation system according to claim 2, wherein: the combined cooling heating and power supply device (5) comprises an internal combustion engine generator set, a smoke hot water type absorption unit, a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, wherein the internal combustion engine generator set is used for burning biomass gas and then outputting electric power, high-temperature cylinder sleeve water in the internal combustion engine generator set enters the second heat exchanger and is used for preheating inlet water of the solar heat collection device, smoke generated by the internal combustion engine generator set enters the smoke hot water type absorption unit and is used as driving energy to generate chilled water, and meanwhile, cooling heat release of the absorption unit is used for generating hot water for domestic hot water or heating.

5. The novel biomass-solar distributed poly-generation system according to claim 4, wherein: the inlet hot water of the flue gas hot water type absorption unit is prepared by the waste heat of the heat pipe type gasification reactor.

6. The novel biomass-solar distributed poly-generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the heat pipe type gasification reactor (2) is an external heating type gasification furnace, and biomass and solar energy provide energy together.

7. The novel biomass-solar distributed poly-generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the solar heat collection device (3) comprises a tower system, a groove system or a low-concentration solar heat collection system.

8. The novel biomass-solar distributed poly-generation system according to claim 4, wherein: the flue gas hot water type absorption unit comprises a lithium bromide absorption unit or an ammonia water absorption unit.

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