CN101554676A - Explosive welding method for 316L stainless steel composite steel plate - Google Patents
Explosive welding method for 316L stainless steel composite steel plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN101554676A CN101554676A CNA2008102332379A CN200810233237A CN101554676A CN 101554676 A CN101554676 A CN 101554676A CN A2008102332379 A CNA2008102332379 A CN A2008102332379A CN 200810233237 A CN200810233237 A CN 200810233237A CN 101554676 A CN101554676 A CN 101554676A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a metal explosion cladding process. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: base material treatment, composite material treatment, painting and pairing, explosion cladding, repair welding, heat treatment and post treatment. The method can effectively compound 316L stainless steel and a common steel plate so as to have required strength on the premise of ensuring that the composite steel plate has all the advantages of the 316L stainless steel and to save the using amount of noble metals. Simultaneously, a product provided by the method has high welding quality and ensures long-term stable usage without shedding.
Description
Affiliated technical field
What the present invention relates to is the metallic explosive combination process.
Background technology
316L stainless steel (00Cr17Ni14Mo2), its plasticity, toughness, cold deformation welding technological properties, high-temperature behavior are good, because 316L stainless steel phosphorus content is low and contain the molybdenum of 2%-3%, improved decay resistance to the various inorganic acids of reproducibility salt and organic acid, alkali salt class, simultaneously high warm nature intensity and high-temperature oxidation resistance also are good at, and for example are widely used as corrosion resistant position in oil, chemical engineering industry: Industrial Boiler heat exchanger superheaters such as vinylon, pharmacy, carbonators, atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit, polypropylene are cultivated and are put etc.
Because the stainless market price of 316L is higher, satisfy the needs of intensity again, so 316L stainless steel and common metal composite need be used.
Explosion welding technique is the high-voltage pulse load that produces by explosive detonation, promote the another kind of material (base material) of a kind of material (multiple material) high speed inclined impact, its loading stress is higher than the yield strength of metal material far away, the moment property of loading procedure (generally with millisecond meter), the locality of material stand under load, interweaving occurs in the small adjacent domain of application point and mode such as moves at high speed, realizes the metallurgical binding of two kinds of metals, and the land is rendered as wavy metallurgical binding.Explosive welding is again the new and high technology a kind of of great practical value of carrying out the intermetallic welding and producing metallic composite as the energy with explosive.Its maximum characteristics are metallic combination to be welded together simple, rapid and strongly in moment.The advantage of comparing explosion welding technique with solder technology such as rolling, built-up welding, casting is:
Material adaptability and solderability are applicable to most ductile metal or alloy widely; Especially for the welding of large-area metal, can be described as unique method of attachment; Be not only applicable to the combination of intermiscibility metal, and be applicable to the combination of non-intermiscibility metal, be applicable to the metal and the alloy of compound between easy generation brittle metal yet; Have good thermal conductivity, low interface resistance, the land does not have the heat affected area and constitutes good joint performance, and the thermal process of moment does not have the interface or a spot of dissolving is only arranged.
Summary of the invention
The explosion welding method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of 316L stainless compound steel plate is to remedy the deficiency of prior art.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the explosion welding method of 316L stainless compound steel plate is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
A, base material treatment: smoothing makes steel plate unevenness＜5mm/m; And whole plate face≤10mm/ total length (wide); Tube sheet plate face unevenness＜1.5mm/m; And whole plate face≤2.5mm/ total length (wide); Again with the steel plate horizontal positioned, use emery wheel to polish, remove surface irregularities, make any surface finish, smooth, surface roughness is Ra12.5 μ m, it is bright and clean to carry out rubbing down again;
B, multiple material are handled: guarantee the stainless plate face of 316L unevenness＜5mm/m; And whole plate face≤10mm/ total length (wide); Tube sheet plate face unevenness＜1.5mm/m; And whole plate face≤2.5mm/ total length (wide); Set level again, use abrasive band or impeller bright and clean along the length polishing;
C, brushing and pairing: the 316L stainless steel is coated with brushes multiple material protective agent, with the steel plate pairing, place by interruption between pairing back 316L stainless steel and the steel plate then, avoid direct friction and damage the 316L stainless steel surfaces;
D, blast are compound: with the steel plate horizontal positioned, the parallel thereon placement of 316L stainless steel is evenly placed explosive at 316L stainless steel outer surface, and by cap sensitive, under high brake pressure, the surface of 316L stainless steel and steel plate just bonds together firmly;
E, repair welding: explode compound after, clad steel plate detects not through 100%UT that recombination region gives repair welding;
F, heat treatment: the clad steel plate after the repair welding is heat-treated, and to eliminate the stress that explosion time produces, guarantees every performance and the weld seam and the requirements of material decay resistance again such as intensity of base material;
G, subsequent treatment: the clad steel plate after the heat treatment through smoothing, is cut edge, get product behind machine glazed finish or the acid wash passivation.
The explosion welding method of described 316L stainless compound steel plate is characterized in that: when the material of writing in reply was handled, during 316L stainless steel thickness 〉=5mm, periphery should be slotted;
The explosion welding method of described 316L stainless compound steel plate is characterized in that: stainless when undersized as 316L, and before handling, the material of writing in reply splices.
The explosion welding method of described 316L stainless compound steel plate is characterized in that: described multiple material protective agent is a waterglass, and its concentration (° Be) is 16-20.
The good effect of invention
Method provided by the invention can be effectively compound with 316L stainless steel and general steel plate, thereby guaranteeing that clad steel plate has under the prerequisite of all advantages of 316L stainless steel, had the intensity of needs, thereby saved the use amount of expensive metal.The product that while this method provides has very high welding quality, guarantees that steady in a long-term the use can not come off.
Below by embodiment the present invention is further described:
The specific embodiment
Embodiment:
The base material technology for blanking:
Steel plate should have quality certificate, indicates clear; The steel plate that material has Ultrasonic Detection to require should be qualified through Ultrasonic Detection as requested; The grade of steel of material, specification, examination of materials numbering are consistent with the follow-up of quality card.
By the feed intake specification line of follow-up of quality card, the angle that should guarantee steel plate four limit dimension lines during line is the right angle.The length of steel plate and width difference are 0-5mm, and the diagonal error is not more than 3mm.
Check the surface quality of steel plate, qualified if the discovery surface of steel plate should in time be handled when mass defect is arranged.Carry out gas cutting or shearing by line, allow to stay an amount of reconditioning surplus, shear the back deburr, should remove slag during gas cutting, cut surface should be vertical and smooth bright and clean with the steel plate face, must not scab, defectives such as zigzag, pit, when above-mentioned defective occurring, allow reconditioning to reach the cutting surfacing.
Should smooth when steel plate plate face unevenness 〉=5mm/m or whole plate face＞10mm/ total length (wide), after smoothing the unevenness of steel plate plate face should＜5mm/m, and whole plate face≤10mm/ total length (wide).
Clad tubesheet should be smoothed during with steel plate plate face unevenness 〉=1.5mm/m or whole plate face＞2.5mm/ total length (wide), after smoothing the unevenness of steel plate plate face should＜1.5mm/m, and whole plate face≤2.5mm/ total length (wide).
Multiple material technology for blanking:
Check the stainless material of 316L, specification.When if the 316L stainless steel need splice, its splicing requires as follows: when the stainless width of 316L need splice, the stainless splicing width dimensions 〉=300mm of 316L in the time can not satisfying, spliced the width minimum dimension and answers＞250mm in principle; When the stainless length of 316L need be spliced, answered≤L/4 position of center line (L is a 316L stainless steel total length) the stainless splicing welding joint of 316L position.Assembling and spot welding should adopt the welding rod with product welding same model, specification, every 100mm spot welding a bit, and the about 4-6mm of spot welding length.Grinding and buffing weld seam again.
Cleaning roll-type purl machine before unreeling, foreign material that equipment such as plate shearing machine are inside and outside and dust, and the roller of wiping roll-type purl machine if feel will polish smooth with crocus cloth when rough, are used wooden stick and are transmitted when unreeling, prevent that the 316L stainless steel surfaces from scratching.
Shear is sheared by line, keeps line, deburring again.Plasma cutting keeps line by the line cutting, removes slag, and with grinder buffing scarfing acute angle.
When 316L stainless steel thickness 〉=5mm, periphery should be slotted: the center line of groove is 10-20mm with the distance of multiple edge line, and the bottom surface of groove is 2-4mm with the distance of the bottom surface of multiple material; Because multiple material is in compound, under the effect of powerful impulsive force, the edge of multiple material can be sheared under the effect of shearing force and come off, the end face of that multiple material and base material will be concordant, when the thickness of answering material was big, shearing force was not enough to reach requirement, will influence the edge quality of composite plate, in order to be effective, just can be at the desired location fluting so that come off smoothly.Groove is processed on planer or lathe; If, should guarantee the notch size as far as possible with the carbon arc air gouging fluting.Should be coated with the anti-coating that splashes before the gouge, answer the splash and the oxide of sand milling both sides behind the gouge.
Smoothing: 316L stainless plate face unevenness 〉=5mm/m or and should smooth plate face after smoothing during whole plate face＞10mm/ total length (wide); Unevenness＜5mm/m; And whole plate face≤10mm/ total length (wide); Clad tubesheet should be smoothed during with steel plate plate face unevenness 〉=1.5mm/m or whole plate face＞2.5mm/ total length (wide) with plate face clad tubesheet, after smoothing the unevenness of steel plate plate face should＜1.5mm/m, and whole plate face≤2.5mm/ total length (wide).
The base material technique for grinding:
The buffed surface of steel plate composite surface is wanted evenly not allow defectives such as oxide skin, pit, pit, and will guarantee steel plate thickness
Thick polishing is with No. 36 grinding wheels when 60mm (steel plate thickness＜) or No. 24 grinding wheels when 60mm (steel plate thickness 〉=), and discovery oxide skin, pit, pit and polishing when inhomogeneous when slightly polishing polished after should in time handling again; Should in time remove the abrasive dust on polishing surface behind the thick polishing back.Foreign material such as oxide skin, laying dust.
The essence polishing should in time be removed foreign material such as the surperficial iron filings of polishing, laying dust with No. 60 grinding wheels after the smart polishing; Buffed surface after the smart polishing is smooth, bright and clean.Its surface roughness Ra 12.5 μ m.
It is bright and clean that steel plate plate face after the polishing carries out rubbing down uniformly with stainless steel wire wheel.
Multiple material technique for grinding:
It is bright and clean that the stainless polishing of 316L adopts abrasive band or impeller to polish along the length direction, if 316L stainless steel surfaces defectiveness can adopt the abrasive band to polish in the time of need polishing.
Polishing is wanted evenly not allow defectives such as oxide skin, pit, pit to occur, the thickness of revisal 316L stainless steel double material.Should in time remove foreign material such as the surperficial abrasive dust of polishing, laying dust after the polishing.
316L stainless steel double material surface after the polishing should be smooth, presents metallic luster.
Multiple material protective agent brushing technique:
Substrate of steel plate and 316L stainless steel double material are matched, and again with 316L stainless steel surfaces brushing waterglass, its concentration (° Be) is 16-20, and the foam brush or the spray gun that are coated with waterglass must keep clean.Explode compound before, should strict control base material and multiple material between intermittence, guarantee composite quality.
It is compound to explode: with the steel plate horizontal positioned, the parallel thereon placement of 316L stainless steel is evenly placed explosive at 316L stainless steel outer surface, and the explosion velocity of explosive is 1.8 * 10
3-2.2 * 10
3M/s, brisance are that 6-10mm, density are 0.6g/cm
-3-0.85g/cm
-3, by cap sensitive, under high brake pressure, the surface of 316L stainless steel and steel plate just bonds together firmly.
Repair welding:
Explode compound after, detecting not through 100%UT, recombination region gives repair welding.The compound back Surface Defects in Steel Plate degree of depth is no more than the defective partly of composite plate tolerance and is polished smoothly.
Treating to brush the anti-coating that splashes around the repair welding district in the 100mm scope, on the carbon arc air gouging direction, except that adopting the anti-coating that splashes, the Ying Zuofang dividing plate that splashes also, the splash damage plate surface when not allowing gouge.With carbon arc air gouging will be not the multiple layer of bound fraction remove, then with emery wheel will the gouge surface around polishing clean, and basic unit ground off 0.5-1mm, grind 50-60 degree oblique angle on every side.According to the regulation welding of " stainless compound steel plate welding procedure rules ", should adopt Φ 2.5mm welding rod and little electric current to connect a circle after the repair welding of multiple layer, then to reduce the depression at melt run place along melt run.
Repair welding place is earlier smooth with the emery wheel corase grind after the repair welding, then with the sand ribbon polishing, last repair welding place and around in the 100mm scope, should be through UT and PT passed examination.
Technology for Heating Processing:
Clad steel plate after the repair welding is heat-treated, and to eliminate the stress that explosion time produces, guarantees every performance and the weld seam and the requirements of material decay resistance again such as intensity of base material.
Smoothing, trimming technology:
Roll-in smoothing back and forth on seven roller levelling machines or three rolls plate bending machine on the multiple course of composite plate is rule after reaching requirement, shears (composite plate thickness≤20mm) or plasma cutting (composite plate thickness＞20mm) by line again; The peripheral cut surface of composite plate four (circle) should be vertical with the plate face, and defectives such as the peripheral cut surface of composite plate four (circle) should be smooth, smooth, must not scab, zigzag, pit, if there is above-mentioned defective to allow reconditioning to reach requirement.
Mechanical polishing process or acid cleaning process:
Use impeller that the composite plate clad surface is polished or acid wash passivation after get product, the continuous mill line of its clad surface of finished product after the polishing must be consistent.
Claims (4)
1, the explosion welding method of 316L stainless compound steel plate is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
A, base material treatment: smoothing makes steel plate unevenness＜5mm/m; And whole plate face≤10mm/ total length (wide); Tube sheet plate face unevenness＜1.5mm/m; And whole plate face≤2.5mm/ total length (wide); Again with the steel plate horizontal positioned, use emery wheel to polish, remove surface irregularities, make any surface finish, smooth, surface roughness is Ra12.5 μ m, it is bright and clean to carry out rubbing down again;
B, multiple material are handled: guarantee the stainless plate face of 316L unevenness＜5mm/m; And whole plate face≤10mm/ total length (wide); Tube sheet plate face unevenness＜1.5mm/m; And whole plate face≤2.5mm/ total length (wide); Set level again, use abrasive band or impeller bright and clean along the length polishing;
C, brushing and pairing: the 316L stainless steel is coated with brushes multiple material protective agent, with the steel plate pairing, place by interruption between pairing back 316L stainless steel and the steel plate then, avoid direct friction and damage the 316L stainless steel surfaces;
D, blast are compound: with the steel plate horizontal positioned, the parallel thereon placement of 316L stainless steel is evenly placed explosive at 316L stainless steel outer surface, and by cap sensitive, under high brake pressure, the surface of 316L stainless steel and steel plate just bonds together firmly;
E, repair welding: explode compound after, clad steel plate detects not through 100%UT that recombination region gives repair welding;
F, heat treatment: the clad steel plate after the repair welding is heat-treated, and to eliminate the stress that explosion time produces, guarantees the strength character of base material and the requirement of weld seam and multiple material decay resistance;
G, subsequent treatment: the clad steel plate after the heat treatment through smoothing, is cut edge, get product behind machine glazed finish or the acid wash passivation.
2, the explosion welding method of 316L stainless compound steel plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: when the material of writing in reply was handled, during 316L stainless steel thickness 〉=5mm, periphery should be slotted;
3, the explosion welding method of 316L stainless compound steel plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the 316L stainless steel can splice before the material of writing in reply is handled.
4, the explosion welding method of 316L stainless compound steel plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described multiple material protective agent is a waterglass, and its concentration (° Be) is 16-20.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008102332379A CN101554676A (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2008-12-08 | Explosive welding method for 316L stainless steel composite steel plate |
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| CNA2008102332379A CN101554676A (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2008-12-08 | Explosive welding method for 316L stainless steel composite steel plate |
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| CN101554676A true CN101554676A (en) | 2009-10-14 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106825518A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-06-13 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | The method for solving casting low content chromium nickel stainless steel surface pit defect |
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2008
- 2008-12-08 CN CNA2008102332379A patent/CN101554676A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106825518A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-06-13 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | The method for solving casting low content chromium nickel stainless steel surface pit defect |
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Open date: 20091014 |