CN101554649B - Fine forming equipment of coating material which is pressed, ejected, core-filled and continuously casting, and technique therefor - Google Patents
Fine forming equipment of coating material which is pressed, ejected, core-filled and continuously casting, and technique therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101554649B CN101554649B CN200910084731A CN200910084731A CN101554649B CN 101554649 B CN101554649 B CN 101554649B CN 200910084731 A CN200910084731 A CN 200910084731A CN 200910084731 A CN200910084731 A CN 200910084731A CN 101554649 B CN101554649 B CN 101554649B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fine forming equipment of a coating material which is pressed, ejected, core-filled and continuously casted and a technique, belonging to the pressure processing field in metal materials. The equipment consists of an upper crystallizer, a lower crystallizer, a temperature measuring instrument, a core metal temperature control furnace, an outer metal temperature control furnace, a core-filling tube, a pressure cover, a supporting plate, a secondary cooling device, a limiting device, a pressure sensor and a conceding device, wherein an outer metal crystallizer and a core metal liquid core-filling tube are arranged on a same axis along the continuous casting direction; the upper end of the core metal liquid core-filling tube is connected with a core metal temperature control crucible and the lower end thereof penetrates deeply in the outer metal liquid; the core metal liquid core-filling tube is used for isolating the outer layer and the core metal liquid to form an outer layer metal mold core; and the core metal liquid is casted. The pressure cover is connected with the edge end of the supporting plate and the inner side of the supporting plate is connected with a lower temperature crystallizer; an outer metal casting blank is ejected by applying pressure through the gas in the pressure cover. The invention eliminates cracks and oscillation marks which occur in common continuous casting blanks easily, can continuously cast the coating material by one time, and obtain a high-quality composite interface; and the follow-up processing production has low cost and high efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the pressure processing field in the metal material, a kind of equipment and technology that multiple material pressurized ejects core-filled and continuously casted fine forming that wraps is provided.
Background technology
Because development of high-tech has promoted the development of new material to the harsh requirement of material.Composite can be brought into play it and form raw-material synergy, and very big material design freedom is arranged again simultaneously, so development is very fast.They are not only extensive further on range of application; And on ornamental, electric conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion-proof wear property and mechanical property, be improved; The more reasonable and manufacturing cost reduction of selection, structure and function integration become the potential advantages that this type material deeply develops.
Now, the method for the large-scale industrial production of composite mainly contains Mechanical Method, plastic deformation method, metallurgy method.Mechanical Method is divided into edge cover, hydraulic extend pipe again, (see: Japan stretches copper association and compiles in drawing; Copper ぉ ょ ぴ copper alloy basis と industrial technology; (1988), method such as p.190-192), its characteristics are mechanical bond for the interface of each composite bed; Interface bond strength is low, and is not suitable for the preparation of the multiple material of long size bag; The plastic deformation method (see: Chen Yongfu etc., the light-alloy process technology, Vol.24, No.11 (1996), p.3; Wei Yuezhen, composite, China Machine Press; (1987), p.146) though can realize metallurgical binding, obtain non-scale, do not have be mingled with, the compound interface difficulty very often of cleaning fully; And plastic deformation method's production technology is generally very complicated, and production cost is high.
Metallurgical junction is legal to have reverse solidification method, cladding continuous metal cast process, multilayer materials one-step casting forming process.The reverse solidification method (is seen: permitted medium wave; Special steel; P.15) 18 volume supplementary issues are that the cladding molten metal is attached to the internal solids metal freezing, and the method helps solidifying the rolling of feeding and casting roller; But well compound in order to guarantee cladding and master tape interface, remove the control master tape and immerse time, the cladding metal degree of superheat.Outside the master tape original thickness key process parameter, also need carry out preliminary treatment to master tape.If the interface pretreating effect is bad, perhaps after the preliminary treatment because of can not use and oxidized or pollute at once, the interface can't be well compound.The cladding continuous metal cast process (see: improve people's living condition by the Yamamoto; The clear 57-196464 patent of Japan) be that the cladding molten metal is attached to the internal solids metal freezing, the method helps the feeding of solidifying of cladding molten metal, and is well compound in order to guarantee cladding and plug interface; Except that key process parameters such as control pouring temperature, heater power, preheater power, pulling rate; Also need be to brushing one deck glass powder-type coating on the plug, oxidized to prevent plug, bad if the interface prevents oxidation effectiveness; Coating can not float fully when perhaps wrapping again metal, and the interface can't be well compound.Multilayer materials one-step casting forming process (see: thank build new etc.; Multilayer materials one-step casting former and technology; Chinese patent: 98101042.3); Adopt measures such as oxidation protection cover, in the surperficial non-oxidation of continuous casting core, do not have be mingled with, under the condition of no greasy dirt, hot direct continuous casting cladding; But the method is difficult to control to the situation of wrapping multiple melting point metal and being higher than the core melting point metal, is unfavorable for that high performance outer layer metal fusing point is higher than the large-scale application that core immerses the composite of fusing point.
A kind of one-step casting forming process of wrapping multiple material (is seen: Wu Chunjing etc., a kind of one-step casting former and technology of wrapping multiple material, Chinese patent; 01109076.6) adopt two firing equipments up and down; Core metal and outer layer metal are being melted, when the temperature in two heaters reaches the temperature of regulation, under the dummy bar effect of motor power traction respectively up and down in two heaters; The traction outer sphere molten metal gets into crystallizer; In crystallizer and mozzle, form outer layer metal tube, core metal liquid gets in the outer layer metal tube thereupon, under certain pulling rate, realizes the compound of core metal and outer layer metal then.Because cohesive force and frictional force still exist, and certainly exist tension in the compound base, be that micro-crack main cause takes place for it.Owing to the tension reason in discontinuous, the compound base of the wearing and tearing of the gap movingly of oscillation mark, mold oscillation and crystallizer, process of setting; The method is not suitable for preparing accurate compound base; Below external diameter Φ 15～20mm, the compound base of outer wall thickness 1.0～3mm.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to develop a kind of short flow process, energy-conservation, cheap, be suitable for large-scale industrial production, and the multiple material pressurized of a kind of bag that the outer layer metal fusing point that can obtain to clean fully compound interface is higher than the core melting point metal ejects core-filled and continuously casted fine forming equipment and technology.
The multiple material pressurized of a kind of bag ejects core-filled and continuously casted fine forming equipment, by last temperature measurer, and core metal liquid, core metal temperature control crucible, core metal temperature control furnace, following temperature measurer; Outer layer metal temperature control crucible, the outer layer metal temperature control furnace, outer layer metal, core metal liquid fills the core pipe, the outer layer metal solid liquid interface; Pressure shield, last temperature control crystallizer, following temperature control crystallizer, core metal solid liquid interface, secondary cooling apparatus; Stopping means, pressure sensor is made a concession device, spy-hole, supporting plate constitutes.Last temperature control crystallizer and core metal liquid fill the core pipe and are assemblied on the same axis along the continuous casting direction; Core metal liquid fills core pipe upper end and closely is connected with core metal temperature control crucible; Core metal liquid fills the lower end of core pipe and gos deep in the outer sphere molten metal; Fill the core pipe by core metal liquid and isolate outer sphere molten metal and core metal liquid; The outer sphere molten metal cooling forms outer layer metal tube, and core metal liquid is then poured into a mould in outer layer metal tube through molten metal filing core pipe orifice.Last temperature control crystallizer upper end closely is connected with outer layer metal temperature control crucible, and pressure shield is connected with supporting plate limit end, and supporting plate is inboard to be connected with following temperature control crystallizer; The outer layer metal strand is exerted pressure by pressure shield and is ejected.
Wherein upper and lower temperature measurer adopts infrared measurement of temperature or thermocouple temperature measurement; Core metal temperature control furnace and outer layer metal temperature control furnace adopt inductance heating or resistance heated; Core metal temperature control crucible and outer layer metal temperature control crucible can adopt materials such as refractory material, graphite, pottery (containing metal pottery), high temperature alloy, steel, iron to process, and the freezing point that generally is controlled at respective metal or alloy is to 500 ℃ scope more than the freezing point; Core metal liquid fills the core pipe, can adopt materials such as refractory material, graphite, pottery (containing metal pottery), high temperature alloy, steel, iron to process; Last temperature control crystallizer can adopt the metal mold, high temperature alloy, steel, iron, refractory material, graphite, pottery (containing metal pottery) of water-cooled; Pressure shield can feed N
2, CO
2, H
2Secondary cooling apparatus adopts water spray, blowing, cooling naturally.
Outer layer metal melts in outer metal temperature-control stove and is incubated, and injects through the pressure shield pressing mode and to fill the casting mold that core tube wall constitutes by last temperature control crystallizer and core metal liquid and be frozen into metal tube.Core metal melts in the core metal temperature control furnace and is incubated, and fills the core pipe orifice through core metal liquid and is filled in the outer layer metal pipe orifice that has solidified, and in following temperature control crystallizer, core metal and outer layer metal inside pipe wall fuse and be frozen into compound base.Upper and lower temperature control crystallizer and core metal liquid fill the core pipe and are disposed on the same axis along the continuous casting direction; Core metal liquid fills core pipe upper end and closely is connected with core metal temperature control crucible; Core metal liquid fills the lower end of core pipe and gos deep in the outer sphere molten metal; Fill the core pipe by core metal liquid and isolate outer sphere molten metal and core metal liquid, form outer layer metal tube, core metal liquid is then poured into a mould in outer layer metal tube through molten metal filing core pipe orifice.
Pressure shield is connected with supporting plate limit end, and supporting plate is inboard to be connected with following temperature control crystallizer; The outer layer metal strand is exerted pressure by gas in the pressure shield and is ejected, and when inner layer metal liquid fills type when better, also can only pressurize to outer layer metal.
The setting temperature of continuous casting outer layer metal tube is mainly by last temperature control crystallizer control, and the combined temp of outer layer metal inside pipe wall and core metal is mainly by temperature control crystallizer control down.The speed of continuous casting is made a concession device strand is not produced pulling force by making a concession device control, constitutes the compression system to strand with pressure shield.When making a concession the device yielding, compound base is forced out from crystallizer.Can observe core-filled and continuously casted situation through spy-hole, the big I of pressure is by being regulated by pressure and pressure shield parameter that the outer sphere molten metal height produces.The freezing point that the temperature of metal temperature-control crucible is controlled at respective metal or alloy is to 500 ℃ scope more than the freezing point.
The present invention compares the beneficial effect that is had with prior art and is
(1) adopting the interior gas of pressure shield to exert pressure ejects; Strand in crystallizer mainly bears axial compression stress, and strand is ejected by the pressure that pressure shield produces, rather than is drawn out; The crackle, the oscillation mark that are prone in the general continuous casting billet have been eliminated like this; Can the one-time continuous casting wrap multiple material, obtain high-quality compound interface, the following process production cost is low, efficient is high.
(2) outer layer metal fills in the casting mold that the core pipe constitutes at last temperature control crystallizer and core metal liquid and is frozen into outer layer metal tube; Simultaneously core metal liquid fills the core pipe through core metal liquid and is poured in the outer layer metal tube with its fusion and solidifies, thereby realizes that the outer layer metal fusing point is higher than the composite continuous cast form method of core metal fusing point.The outer layer metal fusing point that method of the present invention can be used for various metals and metal, Metal and Alloy, alloy and alloy is higher than the multiple material of bag of core metal fusing point, the cast form of parts, reaches short flow process, energy saving purposes.
The lower end of (3) adopting core metal liquid to fill the core pipe is deep in the outer layer metal, fills the core pipe by core metal liquid and isolates outer and core metal liquid, and the outer sphere molten metal cooling forms outer layer metal tube; Core metal liquid is then poured into a mould in outer layer metal tube through molten metal filing core pipe orifice; No matter make outer layer metal tube behind temperature control crystallizer in the disengaging that is shaped, directly contact with the core metal liquid that fills core, be the inwall of outer layer metal tube pipe; Still the core metal liquid that contacts with the inwall of outer layer metal tube pipe; All isolate fully with air, the compound interface oxide-free, nothing is mingled with; Do not have greasy dirt that is prone in the general processing method etc. yet, improve quality, productivity ratio and the economic benefit of composite greatly.
(4) outer layer metal molten metal and core metal liquid are respectively by temperature control crucible and heating element heater, temperature measurer insulation and heating; The core metal temperature is regulated its combined temp by outer layer metal; Can realize the setting rate adjusting of outer layer metal and core metal liquid effectively, to guarantee steady and continuous cast form.
(5) subsequent machining technology is simplified, efficient is high, and the meticulous compound base of high-quality can directly be gone up middle-size and small-size drawbench, directly pulls into≤the compound base of Φ 1mm.Because outer layer metal has excellent metallurgical with the inner layer metal interface and combines; Not need by hale pull out the distortion and heat treatment improve the interface composite quality; Therefore both can directly adopt the small dimension blank on middle-size and small-size drawbench, to be shaped, and reduce drawing passes, heat treated purpose only need be considered to eliminate stress simultaneously; And need not carry out Diffusion Welding in higher temperature with under than the long time, improved production efficiency.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 is an equipment structure chart of the present invention.
1. go up temperature measurer, 2. core metal liquid, 3. core metal temperature control crucible, 4. the core metal temperature control furnace is 5. descended temperature measurer; 6. outer layer metal temperature control crucible, 7. outer layer metal temperature control furnace, 8. outer layer metal, 9. core metal liquid fills the core pipe, 10. the outer layer metal solid liquid interface; 11. pressure shield, temperature control crystallizer on 12., 13. times temperature control crystallizers, 14. core metal solid liquid interfaces, 15. secondary cooling apparatus; 16. stopping means, 17. pressure sensors, 18. make a concession device, 19. spy-holes, 20. supporting plates.
Fig. 2 is the equipment structure chart of pressure shield of the present invention outside core metal liquid.
When inner layer metal liquid fills type when better, also can pressure shield be moved down only to the outer layer metal pressurization, as shown in Figure 2, each parts is identical with Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment
Sheath tin composite material pressurized ejects core-filled and continuously casted shaping.
Sheath tin metal compound bar overall diameter 12mm, outer lead metal thickness 2mm, upper and lower temperature measurer 1,5 adopts thermocouple temperature measurement; Core metal temperature control furnace and outer layer metal temperature control furnace adopt resistance heated, and core metal temperature control crucible 3, last temperature control crystallizer 12, outer layer metal temperature control crucible 6 and core metal liquid fill core pipe 9 and all adopts No. 45 steel to process; Bubbling air in the pressure shield, pressure is 0.03MPa, and secondary cooling apparatus 15 adopts the blowing cooling, and its speed is 3m/s; The freezing point that the temperature of core metal temperature control crucible 3 is controlled at corresponding its metal or alloy is to 100 ℃ scope more than the freezing point; The freezing point that the temperature of outer layer metal temperature control crucible 6 is controlled at corresponding its metal or alloy is to 80 ℃ scope more than the freezing point; The cooling water flow velocity of control water-cooled metal mould crystallizer 14 is 4m/s; Regulate continuous casting casting speed V=30mm/min, can obtain high-quality continuous casting lead/tin metal composite bar.Result of the test shows: sample interface combines fine and close, and faying face is neat, and the composite bed width is approximately 0.2mm, has realized metallurgical binding well.
Embodiment two:
Copper cover aluminum composite pressurized ejects core-filled and continuously casted shaping.
Copper cover aluminum metal composite rod overall diameter 12mm, outer copper metal thickness 3mm, upper and lower temperature measurer 1,5 adopts thermocouple temperature measurement; Core metal temperature control furnace 4 adopts resistance heated, and outer layer metal temperature control furnace 7 adopts eddy-current heating; Core metal temperature control crucible 3, outer layer metal temperature control crucible 6 and core metal liquid fill core pipe 9 and all adopt graphite to process; Last temperature control crystallizer 12 adopts water-cooled metal mould crystallizer liner graphite to process; Feed N in the pressure shield
2, pressure is 0.15MPa, and secondary cooling apparatus 15 adopts the blowing cooling, and its speed is 4m/s, and the freezing point that the temperature of core metal temperature control crucible 3 is controlled at corresponding its metal or alloy is to 200 ℃ scope more than the freezing point; The freezing point that the temperature of outer layer metal temperature control crucible 6 is controlled at corresponding its metal or alloy is to 100 ℃ scope more than the freezing point; The cooling water flow velocity of temperature control crystallizer 12 is 8m/s in the control; Regulate continuous casting casting speed V=25mm/min, can obtain high-quality continuous casting copper cover aluminum metal composite bar.
Embodiment three:
Stainless steel iron clad composite pressurized ejects core-filled and continuously casted shaping.
Stainless steel/ferrous metal compound bar overall diameter 12mm, outer stainless steel metal thickness 3mm.Upper and lower temperature measurer 1,5 adopts infrared measurement of temperature; Core metal temperature control furnace and outer layer metal temperature control furnace adopt eddy-current heating; Core metal temperature control crucible 3 adopts graphite to process; Outer layer metal temperature control crucible 6 adopts mgo refractory to process; Core metal liquid fills core pipe 9 and adopts ZrO
2Pottery is processed; Last temperature control crystallizer 12 adopts the water-cooled copper metal crystallizer to process; Secondary cooling apparatus 15 adopts the water spray cooling; Its speed is 5m/s, feeds N in the pressure shield
2, pressure is 0.20MPa, the freezing point that the temperature of core metal temperature control crucible 3 is controlled at corresponding its metal or alloy is to 80 ℃ scope more than the freezing point; The freezing point that the temperature of outer layer metal temperature control crucible 6 is controlled at corresponding its metal or alloy is to 50 ℃ scope more than the freezing point; The cooling water flow velocity of temperature control crystallizer 12 is 12m/s in the control; Regulate continuous casting casting speed V=25mm/min, can obtain high-quality continuous casting stainless steel/ferrous metal composite bar.
Claims (3)
1. the multiple material pressurized of bag ejects core-filled and continuously casted fine forming equipment; It is characterized in that by last temperature measurer (1), core metal liquid (2), core metal temperature control crucible (3), core metal temperature control furnace (4), down temperature measurer (5), outer layer metal temperature control crucible (6), outer layer metal temperature control furnace (7), outer layer metal (8), core metal liquid fill core pipe (9), outer layer metal solid liquid interface (10), pressure shield (11), go up temperature control crystallizer (12), down temperature control crystallizer (13), core metal solid liquid interface (14), secondary cooling apparatus (15), stopping means (16), pressure sensor (17), make a concession device (18), spy-hole (19), supporting plate (20) and form: the outer layer metal temperature control furnace is under the core metal temperature control furnace, and core metal liquid fills on the core pipe and closely to be connected with core metal temperature control crucible lower end and to pass the outer layer metal temperature control furnace along the axis; The upper end of last temperature control crystallizer closely is connected with outer layer metal temperature control crucible lower end, and fills the core pipe with core metal liquid and be assemblied on the same axis along the continuous casting direction; Core metal liquid fills the lower end of core pipe and gos deep in the outer sphere molten metal, is used to isolate outer sphere molten metal and core metal liquid; Outer sphere molten metal cooling in core metal liquid fills the core pipe outside and the formed casting mold of last temperature control crystallizer forms outer layer metal tube; Core metal liquid fills the core pipe orifice through core metal liquid to be poured into a mould in outer layer metal tube, forms compound base after the cooled and solidified; Pressure shield is connected with supporting plate limit end; Supporting plate is inboard to be connected with following temperature control crystallizer, and the outer layer metal strand is exerted pressure by pressure shield and ejected.
2. the multiple material pressurized of bag ejects core-filled and continuously casted fine forming technology; Adopt equipment according to claim 1; Its technology characteristics is that outer layer metal is incubated and heats in outer metal temperature-control crucible, inject to fill the casting mold that the core pipe constitutes by last temperature control crystallizer and core metal liquid and be frozen into outer layer metal tube, and core metal is by the insulation of core metal temperature control crucible and heat; Fill the core pipe through core metal liquid and be poured in the outer layer metal tube, fusing and be frozen into compound base in the temperature control crystallizer down; The setting temperature of outer layer metal tube is mainly by last temperature control crystallizer control, and the combined temp of outer layer metal inside pipe wall and core metal liquid is by temperature control crystallizer control down; Core-filled and continuously casted speed is made a concession device and is constituted the compression system to compound base with pressure shield by making a concession device control, makes a concession device compound base is not produced pulling force; When making a concession the device yielding, compound base is from being forced out the temperature control crystallizer down; Can observe core-filled and continuously casted situation through spy-hole; The size of pressure is regulated by the pressure size of gas in the pressure reduction of molten metal height and the pressure shield.
3. the multiple material pressurized of a kind of bag as claimed in claim 2 ejects core-filled and continuously casted fine forming technology; Its technology characteristics is: the yielding speed of making a concession device is V=0～4000mm/min; The intensity of cooling of last temperature control crystallizer is the cooling water flow velocity in the crystallizer, and this cooling water flow velocity is 5～12m/s; Secondary cooling apparatus adopts air-cooled or water cooling plant, and air-cooled wind speed is 0～5m/s, and the water-jet velocity of water-cooled is 0～5m/s, and the pressure of gas is 0～0.4MPa in the pressure shield.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910084731A CN101554649B (en) | 2009-05-19 | 2009-05-19 | Fine forming equipment of coating material which is pressed, ejected, core-filled and continuously casting, and technique therefor |
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| CN200910084731A CN101554649B (en) | 2009-05-19 | 2009-05-19 | Fine forming equipment of coating material which is pressed, ejected, core-filled and continuously casting, and technique therefor |
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| CN101554649A CN101554649A (en) | 2009-10-14 |
| CN101554649B true CN101554649B (en) | 2012-09-19 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102069162A (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2011-05-25 | 北京科技大学 | Continuous casting forming equipment and process method for electromagnetic ejection filling core of cladding material |
| CN102179494B (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2013-05-01 | 东北大学 | Continuous casting method and device for aluminum alloy compounded ingot |
| CN102581236B (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2013-07-24 | 北京科技大学 | Pressure core-filling continuous casting equipment and process for double-metal-bag long carbon fiber composite material |
| CN104399915A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-11 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Crystallizer for casting aluminum alloy slab ingots |
| CN105834406B (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2017-11-10 | 华北理工大学 | The extrusion forming device of semi-solid metal slurry and melted metal composite casting |
| CN106111922B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-07-31 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of copper-coated aluminium composite material high efficiency continuous casting former and technique |
| CN107812904B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-01-31 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | multi-metal step-type composite casting device and method |
| CN108015246B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2023-10-27 | 中铁建电气化局集团康远新材料有限公司 | Equal-channel right-angle copper steel composite contact line continuous casting continuous extrusion equipment and process thereof |
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| CN1373021A (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-10-09 | 北京科技大学 | Apparatus and technology for one-step casting and continuously shaping wrapping material |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1373021A (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-10-09 | 北京科技大学 | Apparatus and technology for one-step casting and continuously shaping wrapping material |
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| 吴春京等.压力下真空密封造型铸造.《北京科技大学学报》.1999,第21卷(第3期),234-236. * |
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