CN101539343A - Non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy light collecting drive mechanism and working method thereof - Google Patents
Non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy light collecting drive mechanism and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101539343A CN101539343A CN200910068468A CN200910068468A CN101539343A CN 101539343 A CN101539343 A CN 101539343A CN 200910068468 A CN200910068468 A CN 200910068468A CN 200910068468 A CN200910068468 A CN 200910068468A CN 101539343 A CN101539343 A CN 101539343A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy light collecting drive mechanism and a working method thereof. The non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy light collecting drive mechanism is characterized by consisting of a light collecting device, a drive mechanism, a speed reducer, an electric motor, an energy output mechanism, an energy output pipeline and a base; the working method comprises: (1) equipment installation; (2) adjusting the light collecting device in the solar energy light collecting drive mechanism to be precisely aligned to the sun; (3) starting the electric motor for driving; (4) energy output; (5) error treatment. The invention has the advantages that the light collecting drive mechanism can continuously track the sun without intermission; the method for adjusting the light collecting angle is simple and easy as well as low in cost, so as to be suitable for promotion and use in families and other small-scale electricity utilization occasions; the mechanism can continuously run so as to have electric power consumption being much lower than that of intermittent driving, has no impact load, is hard to damage, and is much longer in service life than that of intermittent transmission. The invention is an environment-friendly and energy-saving energy collecting device, thus being worth popularizing and applying.
Description
(1) technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy light collecting drive mechanism, particularly a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy and method of work thereof.
(2) background technology:
Since the mankind occurring on the earth, indivisible relation has just taken place in the human and energy.Yet the human energy that always uses is except that faggot, vegetable and animals oils and waterpower can be regenerated, other are all non-renewable as coal and oil etc., yet faggot and vegetable and animals oils can not satisfy the constantly needs of development of current productivity far away, the application of waterpower also has certain limit, and coal and oil remain the human main at present energy that uses, but these energy have faced exhaustion; The use of above-mentioned all energy in addition all can cause severe contamination and destruction to earth environment, jeopardizes the existence of human and all biologies.
Occurred serious energy crisis in the world today, therefore, each major country of the world all is placed on sight on the exploitation renewable and clean energy resource, and for example solar energy, wind energy, tide energy, wave energy, vehicle are to energy of ground extruding or the like.Particularly solar energy is the root of all energy, yet concerning the earth, the density of solar energy is very low, and general every square metre of area can only produce the power of 1kw under best condition, realize that large-scale utilization is very difficult.Since the solar energy that begins one's study in the world utilized, to less demanding solar facilities, lighting equipment generally all maintained static, but the solar energy conversion efficiency is very low; To the solar facilities of having relatively high expectations, lighting equipment all needs to follow the tracks of the sun, so that obtain solar energy as much as possible.
But following the tracks of aspect the method for the sun, what generally adopt all is so-called " two-dimentional driving method ", this method in theory, it is wrong to say so, but its to form mainly be to be subjected to the human influence of observing the surrounding custom.Seem that this method ratio is easier to understand, but in fact problem is done complicated.So-called " two-dimentional driving method ", it is the driving mechanism that horizontally rotates with, make solar light collecting device turn to south every day eastwardly, turn to the west again, and then solar azimuth is walked (so-called " azimuth driving "), but sunrise and at sunset, the sun all on the horizon, the position is very low, and noon, the sun arrived the crown, and the position is the highest, and this just need make lighting equipment every day from low to high, pitch rotation (so-called " angle of pitch driving ") back and forth from high to low so just must at every moment remove to follow the tracks of the sun from X-axis and Y-axis both direction again.
The design of research solar energy development all is to adopt this pattern basically both at home and abroad at present.They have adopted methods such as gps satellite navigation system, sensor and microcomputor program control to realize the accuracy of following the tracks of.As if this is science very at first glance, and is very tight, but in fact complicated the issue, and has not only strengthened cost, has increased manufacture difficulty, and operation easier is also quite big when using simultaneously, be not that common people can grasp, and actual tracking accuracy is not high yet.The precision of saying them on some data can control to each tracking error and be no more than 0.01 degree (just 0.6 minute), in fact this is very difficult, to be no more than 1 fen very difficult because " return difference " of reductor will reach, in addition also have many intermediate links, further strengthened error.It is synchronous fully more seriously can't to reach the vision orbit that makes the lighting equipment and the sun as the reductor that drives original paper, generally all be more faster than the sun speed of service, therefore have to adopt " intermittently following the tracks of " method, after solar light collecting device departs from sun certain angle, just start tracking means, make lighting equipment catch up with the sun, stop then, Deng departing from an angle again, treat that sensor is felt and restart tracking means after this error, make lighting equipment catch up with the sun again.Therefore, tracking means has to intermittently start constantly.Owing to produce very big impulsive force starting and stopping Shi Douhui at every turn, this just make follower particularly reductor be easy to damage, cause solar facilities normally not move; Simultaneously, also be because moment of torsion is excessive, have to design reductor very huge, and horizontally rotate with vertical rotation and must design reductor respectively, therefore greatly strengthened manufacturing cost and operation and maintenance cost, and the device fabrication cost is too high, maintenance cost is higher, make every kilowatt-hour expense be much higher than present thermal power generation and hydroelectric level, this is to hinder the main cause that solar electrical energy generation is promoted the use of.
(3) summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy and method of work thereof, it adopts whole gear transmission structures, can there be the real-time off and on accurate tracking sun, avoided adopting gps satellite navigation system, sensor and microcomputor program control etc. to carry out the loaded down with trivial details pattern of intermittently following the tracks of fully, the tracking accuracy height, simplify overall structure greatly, and reduced the cost and the maintenance cost of solar facilities significantly.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy is characterized in that: it is made up of lighting equipment, driving mechanism, reductor, motor, probe, energy export pipeline and pedestal; Wherein, said driving mechanism one end is connected with lighting equipment, and the other end is connected with reductor; The reductor other end is connected with motor; Driving mechanism is installed on the pedestal that can regulate the entire mechanism inclination angle; Be used for the energy that will obtain and place driving mechanism from the probe that the lighting equipment of continuous rotation transfers out; Energy export pipeline one end connects probe, on the permanent plant that the other end is connected to accordingly with ground level is connected.
Above-mentioned said lighting equipment regulates pointer by daylighting device, forward and crank is formed; Wherein, said daylighting device comprises the daylighting surface plate, is useful on the daylighting surface plate to regulate the daylighting device so that its forward of aiming at the sun is regulated pointer, and forward is regulated pointer and vertically is installed on the daylighting surface plate of daylighting device; Said upper end and the daylighting surface plate lower end that is used to regulate the crank of daylighting surface plate luffing angle is fixed together, and crank remains the angles that are about 150 degree with the daylighting surface plate.
Can select on the daylighting surface plate of the daylighting device in the above-mentioned said lighting equipment collector lens that is used to strengthen gathering sunray is housed, be used for a kind of of the optical fiber of transmission ray or heat collector that electric heating is used, or the choosing dress is used for the light-sensitive cell that photovoltaic generation is used.
The above-mentioned said driving mechanism that is used to drive and regulate lighting equipment by bearing pin, regulate connecting rod, can regulate drive rod, adjusting nut, rolling bearing, shell, power transmission shaft and lower margin is installed is formed; Wherein, said drive rod one end of regulating is hinged by the daylighting device in bearing pin and the lighting equipment, the other end is inserted into the power transmission shaft that is used to drive whole solar energy light collecting drive mechanism total movement, and is fixed together by adjusting nut and power transmission shaft; Said adjusting connecting rod one end is connected with the lower end of crank in the lighting equipment by bearing pin, and the other end is connected to by bearing pin can regulate the chute place that being used on the drive rod moves around bearing pin thereon; Saidly be used to keep the power transmission shaft position and make its rolling bearing that rotates flexibly be positioned at power transmission shaft; the power transmission shaft lower end connects reductor; the power transmission shaft outer wrap is useful on the shell of protecting rolling bearing and power transmission shaft not to be subjected to the invasion and attack of sleet dust storm, and shell is installed in the pedestal that the gradient that is used to make power transmission shaft and can regulate drive rod and ground level is equal to local latitude by lower margin is installed.
Above-mentioned said motor adopts the constant rotational speed motor, and its power determines that by calculating its watt level is directly proportional with the product of moment of torsion and rotating speed according to the size of solar facilities; Thereby saidly be used to drive driving mechanism and be: (60 minutes * 24 (being at 24 hours every day) * motor speed) with the reductor speed ratio that drives lighting equipment with the speed revolution: 1, more than remain about the quantitative relationship decision daylighting device of motor speed and reductor speed ratio and to change accurate every day 1.
A kind of method of work of above-mentioned non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy is characterized in that it comprises following job step:
(1) equipment is installed: this solar energy light collecting drive mechanism is installed, guaranteed that the center line of the power transmission shaft in this mechanism is identical with the inclination alpha and the local latitude of ground level, and be parallel to local longitude, its low side is near equatorial direction, and is high-end away from equatorial direction;
(2) lighting equipment of adjusting in this solar energy light collecting drive mechanism makes it over against the sun: promptly accurately adjust lighting equipment, can there be arbitrary period of sunlight to adjust by day, unclamp nut earlier, rotation can be regulated drive rod, make lighting equipment towards solar direction, locking nut, unclamp the nut on the bearing pin that to regulate in the drive rod chute again, mobile bearing pin, when not having shade below forward is regulated pointer, locking nut makes the center line of the power transmission shaft in this mechanism identical from the angle value of equator skew with the angle β and the sun of the centreline space of daylighting surface plate, guarantees that lighting equipment is over against the sun;
(3) actuating motor drives: actuating motor and the reductor that is connected make motor and reductor common guarantee output speed just in time be commentaries on classics every day one;
(4) energy output: the probe in this mechanism and energy export pipeline are delivered to the fixture that is connected with ground with the energy that obtains from the lighting equipment of continuous rotation, and are resent to different equipment according to concrete needs;
(5) Error processing: this mechanism is in service may to be produced because astronomical phenomena change the sum of errors machine driving error that causes, and should finely tune operation respectively to above-mentioned two kinds of errors, returns to the state of step (2).
When this solar energy light collecting drive mechanism is installed in the Northern Hemisphere, to guarantee its low side during installation in the above-mentioned said step (1) in south, high-end in north; When this solar energy light collecting drive mechanism is installed in the Southern Hemisphere, its Rotate 180 degree promptly to be guaranteed its low side in north during installation, high-end in south.
The specific operation process of accurately adjusting lighting equipment in the above-mentioned said step (2) is: the adjusting nut that can regulate drive rod and power transmission shaft junction earlier unclamps, rotation can be regulated drive rod, make lighting equipment towards the sun, adjusting nut is locked, then the nut that is positioned on the bearing pin that can regulate drive rod upper hopper chute place in the driving mechanism is unclamped, manual fine-tuning moves up and down along the chute that can regulate on the drive rod with the control bearing pin, and then it is movable back and forth to drive the adjusting connecting rod that is connected with this bearing pin, treat that the forward on the daylighting device in the lighting equipment regulates pointer over against the sun, and forward is regulated when not having shade under the pointer, tighten the nut on this bearing pin, with the fixed-site of this bearing pin;
Motor in the above-mentioned said step (3) and the reductor that is connected are that drive power transmission shaft and top parts thereof rotate with identical speed, and keep do not stop 24 hours every days, need not return and regularly start action, next day, the daybreak lighting equipment was aimed at the sun naturally.
Energy export pipeline in the above-mentioned said step (4) can be electric energy outlet line, liquid conducting pipes or luminous energy output optical fibre.
Astronomical phenomena error fine setting in above-mentioned said step (5) the fine setting operation, its operating process can be manual or motor-driven, when this solar energy light collecting drive mechanism is applied to small-sized solar equipment, take manual fine-tuning, its operating process is for to unclamp the nut that is positioned on the bearing pin that can regulate drive rod upper hopper chute place in the driving mechanism, manual fine-tuning moves up and down along the chute that can regulate on the drive rod with the control bearing pin, it is movable back and forth to drive the adjusting connecting rod that is connected with this bearing pin, and then the crank that drives in the lighting equipment that is connected with the adjusting connecting rod rotates up and down, thereby the daylighting device in the lighting equipment that is fixed together with crank is swung up and down to regulate luffing angle, treat that the forward on the daylighting device in the lighting equipment regulates pointer over against the sun, and forward is regulated when not having shade under the pointer, can tighten the nut on this bearing pin, with the fixed-site of this bearing pin; When this mechanism is applied to large-scale colony power station, adopt the fine setting of industrial automation control method, promptly adopting speed ratio is (365.2563657 * 60 minutes * 24 (being at 24 hours every day) * motor speed): 1 deceleration control system is finely tuned operation.
Machine error fine setting in above-mentioned said step (5) the fine setting operation, its operating process is manual, the manual fine-tuning operating process is: the adjusting nut that can regulate drive rod and power transmission shaft junction unclamps, rotation can be regulated drive rod, and then drive with can regulate the lighting equipment that drive rod is connected in daylighting device left-right rotation, do not have shade below the forward adjusting pointer on lighting equipment, can tighten adjusting nut, make lighting equipment over against the sun.
Operation principle of the present invention is: this solar energy light collecting drive mechanism is not to adopt " two-dimentional driving method " by traditional idea, promptly add vertical rotating mechanism and go to follow the tracks of the method for the sun simultaneously, but make the axis of rotation of lighting equipment be parallel to the axle center of sun vision orbit fully from X-axis and Y-axis both direction without horizontal rotary mechanism.Pressing relative motion principle, is reference point with ground ball center, observes the sun from the earth, and it is the circle in the center of circle with ground ball center that its orbit is exactly one.Like this, when lighting equipment rotates around its axle center, the plane of its scanning just and sun vision orbit be in the same plane, if the speed of lighting equipment rotation is identical with the vision speed of service of the sun, lighting equipment is realized the purpose of gathering sunlight to greatest extent naturally just forever over against the sun; Because the diameter of sun vision orbit is very big, the deviation between the lighting equipment present position and the sun vision orbit center of circle just seems very little, can ignore.Because the earth is around the sun revolution time, the axle center of the earth is in continuous swing, make the angle of the sunray irradiation earth constantly change, spending 26 minutes and 15.67 seconds to north latitude 23 in 26 minutes 15.67 seconds from south latitude 23 degree every year swings back and forth once, this with regard to the visual position that forms the sun to the Northern Hemisphere, Winter Solstice is minimum, and the Summer Solstice is the highest, and its height difference angle is 46.875372 degree.When earth axis of rotation tilted a certain angle, the visual position of the sun also departed from the same angle in equator.Work as lighting equipment over against the solar time at noon every day, normal and the angle of inclination of the ground level latitude that equal lighting equipment position of the line of the lighting equipment and the sun on North and South direction deducts the angle that sunray is offset northwards, and midnight every day lighting equipment and the line of sun normal and the angle of inclination of the ground level latitude that equals the lighting equipment position on North and South direction add the angle that sunray is offset northwards, in these two periods in morning and evening, the angle of inclination of this normal and ground level just in time is in the centre position of these two angles, just the residing at that time latitude of equipment.If make lighting equipment forever over against the sun, deviation does not take place, lighting equipment except must every day autobiography one week, above-mentioned normal also must moved northward rotary oscillation on the taper seat that angle is a coning angle to double the sun from the equator, and the inclination angle of the center line of circular cone and ground level also just in time equals local latitude.
Because the earth is except rotation, also around sun revolution, behind earth rotation one circle, around the sun angle that revolved round the sun, on the earth originally the point over against sun center departed from sun center.Because one week of earth autobiography (360 degree) takes 23 hours 56 minutes 4.1 seconds, promptly equal 1436.06833333 ... divide, and the time of one sidereal year of the earth (being that the earth revolves around the sun a week) is 365.2563657 days, by this calculating, the earth must than circling certainly more changes an angle, and tellurian certain point of observation could be again over against sun center.These angles of changeing are more: the 360/365.2563657=0.9856091058 degree.At this moment the angle that the earth should rotation is exactly 360.9856091058 degree, and required time is:
1436.0683333333 * 360.9856091058/360=1440 branch just in time is 24 hours.The vision speed of service of Here it is the sun.If solar light collecting device just in time equals this speed around the speed of own axle center rotation, lighting device just can be forever over against the sun.In order to guarantee that the reductor output speed just in time is 1rpd (changes every day one), the speed ratio of reductor should be 1440 * motor speed, for example when the rotating speed of motor during for 1500rpm accurately, the speed ratio of reductor is exactly 1440 * 1500=2160000, running so around the clock, lighting equipment just can be aimed at the sun like clockwork, does not have deviation.
Because the influence that swings back and forth from the tropic of Capricorn to the tropic of cancer of the earth, swing once from north to south angle every year of the sunray irradiation earth from south to north again.No matter the summer in winter can both be over against the sun to make lighting equipment, must be that the reductor of 1rpn (annual changes) drives a cover reciprocating mechanism with an output speed just, drives lighting equipment and swings back and forth once every year.Again since the earth around sun public affairs turn around (i.e. 1 sidereal year) needs 365.2563657 days, the speed ratio of reductor should be 365.2563657 * 1440 * motor speed, when the rotating speed of motor during for 1500rpm accurately, the speed ratio of reductor just should be 365.2563657 * 1440 * 1500=788953749.9.Because earth every year swung back and forth once to north latitude 23 degree from south latitude 23 degree 26 minutes and 15.67 seconds in 26 minutes 15.67 seconds, the total angle of swing is 2 * 46.875372=93.750744 degree, the earth is 365.2563657 days around sun public affairs (the i.e. 1 sidereal year) required time that turns around, thus sun every day being changed to highly:
This angle is very little, and for some small-sized solar facilities, manual fine-tuning was once just passable in per 5 days to 10 days, did not need to adopt machine driving; But just be sought after aspect the colony power station more than large-scale hundreds of MW class, otherwise manual adjustments not only bothers, also can increase administrative expenses.
Strictness says that in the long river, universe of endless, the orbit of the sun and the earth and the speed of service are to change, but in several ten thousand years short time, concerning whole universe, only be in a flash, can think that their orbit and the speed of service are stablized constant.Therefore solving the problem of following the tracks of the sun with this scheme, just should be very accurately, need not to re-use methods such as sensor and microcomputer control and remedies the error of following the tracks of generation.
According to above analysis, speed ratio is the reductor of 1440 * motor speed among the present invention, its output speed is to change accurate every day 1, drive driving mechanism to turn round with speed, make the gyroaxis of driving mechanism and the inclination angle of ground level equal equipment place latitude with mounting base, the pivot that solar facilities (comprising solar electrical energy generation and solar energy heating and illumination) is whole and the inclination angle on ground should equal to install the on-site latitude α of this equipment, and the inclination angle of the lighting device centre of gyration and ground level changes at any time, except that the time null in a flash, All Time all is not equal to local latitude.As mentioned above, the line of the lighting equipment and the sun is to double rotary oscillation on the taper seat that the sun is coning angle from the angle beta of equator skew at the normal on the North and South direction, and the sun is in 1 year, its vision height is constantly to change, therefore, the angle of the sun and equator skew is also in continuous variation, so this coning angle is also in continuous variation.The variable quantity of angle every day of the sun and equator skew is:
This angle is very little, and for some small-sized solar facilities, manual fine-tuning was once just passable in per 5 days to 10 days, did not need to adopt machine driving.
Solar facilities by the present invention makes can rotate around the clock, makes lighting device forever over against the sun, though night, daylighting face was blocked by the earth, can not receive sunlight, the sun has just gone out the horizon, daylighting face is just over against the sun, and continues to follow solar motion.Therefore just do not keep in the center and the punctual trouble that starts, not only can save recurrence and start necessary complex mechanism and the control original paper, and because only to a direction motion, there is not the influence in return difference gap in moving component, the required precision of transmission device also need not too high.Simultaneously, owing to be continuous motion, not intermittently-driving, there is not shock problem.As everyone knows, motor is when starting, and its starting current ratio is big 6 ~ 7 times when running well, even bigger.At present all followers all are intermittently-drivings, and per a few minutes just start once, " the precision tracking system " that has in addition in the very short time with regard to frequent starting, motor is to move under the state of normal operating current basically; Secondly, because the impulsive torque that produces when starting and stopping is very big,---particularly reductor---breaks usually with transmission mechanism, causing the accident, (in some occasion, is to allow unexpected the power failure anything but, otherwise can bring great destruction), therefore have to design reductor and whole drive system very huge, Here it is, and the solar facilities cost is high, the major reason that maintenance cost is very high.According to the solution of the present invention, because the problems referred to above do not exist, reductor and transmission system can design very lightly, again because speed ratio is big especially, just can produce very huge moment of torsion with very little motor, though be around the clock to rotate therefore, its power consumption also can reduce much than the scheme that generally adopts at present.
Superiority of the present invention is: 1, this light collecting drive mechanism can successively not have and intermittently follows the tracks of the sun, cause fullest daylighting, and tracking accuracy is very high, only need the speed ratio of reductor is decided to be 1440 * motor speed, whenever daylighting face can not produce deviation just forever over against the sun; If there is slight error in motor, then can be by regulating connecting rod and can regulating drive rod and finely tune, so that the daylighting plane is at any time, any place all is adjustable to the position over against the sun; 2, the control method of lighting angle is simple, and is with low cost without the pitch regulation drive system, is suitable for promoting the use of in family and other small-scale electricity consumption occasions; For large-scale colony power station, then needing a cover speed ratio is that the reducing gear of 365.2563657 * 1440 * motor speed drives lighting equipment, makes it automatically forever over against the sun; 3, because the reductor speed ratio is very big, under the very little situation of motor power (output), just can produce great output torque, so drive system can design very small and exquisitely, not only can power saving, and can reduce manufacturing cost significantly; 4, owing to be continuous running, power consumption is more much smaller than interrupted driving, does not have impact load simultaneously, and equipment is not fragile, and the life-span prolongs greatly than intermittently-driving, is suitable for the needs of solar power station running steady in a long-term; 5, compare with equipment in the past, price and operating cost all reduce significantly, quicken the popularization that solar energy utilizes, to promoting renewable and clean energy resource, it is very favourable to change current crisis-ridden energy resource structure, promises to be the main direction that solves energy problem from now on; Particularly, adopt the equipment of small-sized solar generating or other function in high mountain, desert, grassland and the place that is difficult for setting up high-voltage fence away from the island of seashore etc., as the energy in family or other small-sized places, extremely convenient and favourable; 6, the present invention is an environmental protection, energy-conservation energy collection device, and application should be widely promoted.
(4) description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the related a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the operation principle schematic flow sheet of the related a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the operation principle structural representation of the related a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is the daylighting device; 2 are forward adjusting pointer; 3 is bearing pin; 4 for regulating connecting rod; 5 is adjusting nut; 6 is rolling bearing; 7 is shell; 8 is power transmission shaft; 9 for installing lower margin; 10 is reductor; 11 is motor; 12 for can regulate drive rod; 13 is probe; 14 is the energy export pipeline; 15 is pedestal; 16 is ground level; 17 is crank.
(5) specific embodiment:
Embodiment: a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy (seeing accompanying drawing 1) is characterized in that: it is made up of lighting equipment, driving mechanism, reductor 10, motor 11, probe 13, energy export pipeline 14 and pedestal 15; Wherein, said driving mechanism one end is connected with lighting equipment, and the other end is connected with reductor 10; Reductor 10 other ends are connected with motor 11; Driving mechanism is installed on the pedestal 15 that can regulate the entire mechanism inclination angle; Be used for the energy that will obtain and place driving mechanism from the probe 13 that the lighting equipment of continuous rotation transfers out; Energy export pipeline 14 1 ends connect probe 13, on the permanent plant that the other end is connected to accordingly with ground level 16 is connected.
Above-mentioned said lighting equipment (seeing accompanying drawing 1) regulates pointer 2 by daylighting device 1, forward and crank 17 is formed; Wherein, said daylighting device 1 comprises the daylighting surface plate, is useful on the daylighting surface plate to regulate daylighting device 1 so that its forward of aiming at the sun is regulated pointer 2, and forward is regulated pointer 2 and vertically is installed on the daylighting surface plate of daylighting device 1; Said upper end and the daylighting surface plate lower end that is used to regulate the crank 17 of daylighting surface plate luffing angle is fixed together, and crank 17 remains the angles that are about 150 degree with the daylighting surface plate.
Can select on the daylighting surface plate of the daylighting device 1 in the above-mentioned said lighting equipment collector lens that is used to strengthen gathering sunray is housed, be used for a kind of of the optical fiber of transmission ray or heat collector that electric heating is used, or the choosing dress is used for the light-sensitive cell that photovoltaic generation is used.
The above-mentioned said driving mechanism (seeing accompanying drawing 1) that is used to drive and regulate lighting equipment by bearing pin 3, regulate connecting rod 4, can regulate drive rod 12, adjusting nut 5, rolling bearing 6, shell 7, power transmission shaft 8 and lower margin 9 is installed is formed; Wherein, said drive rod 12 1 ends of regulating are hinged by the daylighting device 1 in bearing pin 3 and the lighting equipment, the other end is inserted into the power transmission shaft 8 that is used to drive whole solar energy light collecting drive mechanism total movement, and is fixed together by adjusting nut 5 and power transmission shaft 8; Said adjusting connecting rod 4 one ends are connected with the lower end of crank 17 in the lighting equipment by bearing pin 3, and the other end is connected to by bearing pin 3 can regulate the chute place that being used on the drive rod 12 moves around bearing pin 3 thereon; Saidly be used to keep the power transmission shaft position and make its rolling bearing 6 that rotates flexibly be positioned at power transmission shaft 8; power transmission shaft 8 lower ends connect reductor 10; the power transmission shaft outer wrap is useful on the shell 7 that protection rolling bearing 6 and power transmission shaft 8 are not subjected to the invasion and attack of sleet dust storm, and shell 7 is installed in and is used to make power transmission shaft 8 and can regulates the pedestal 15 that drive rod 12 and the gradient of ground level 16 are equal to local latitude by lower margin 9 is installed.
It is the motor of 1500rpm that above-mentioned said motor 11 adopts invariablenes turning speed, and its power determines that by calculating its watt level is directly proportional with the product of moment of torsion and rotating speed according to the size of solar facilities; Thereby saidly be used to drive driving mechanism and be with reductor 10 speed ratios that drive lighting equipment with the speed revolution: 2160000: 1, more than remain about the quantitative relationship decision daylighting device 1 of motor speed and reductor speed ratio and to change accurate every day 1.
A kind of method of work of above-mentioned non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy is characterized in that it comprises following job step:
(1) equipment is installed: this solar energy light collecting drive mechanism is installed in the Northern Hemisphere, the center line that guarantees the power transmission shaft 8 in this mechanism is identical with the inclination alpha and the local latitude of ground level 16, and being parallel to local longitude, its low side is near equatorial direction, and is high-end away from equatorial direction;
(2) lighting equipment of adjusting in this solar energy light collecting drive mechanism makes it over against the sun: promptly accurately adjust lighting equipment, can there be arbitrary period of sunlight to adjust by day, unclamp nut 5 earlier, rotation can be regulated drive rod 12, make lighting equipment towards solar direction, locking nut 5, unclamp the nut on the bearing pin 3 that to regulate in the drive rod chute again, mobile bearing pin 3, when not having shade below forward is regulated pointer 2, locking nut makes the center line of the power transmission shaft 8 in this mechanism identical from the angle value of equator skew with the angle β and the sun of the centreline space of daylighting surface plate, guarantees that lighting equipment is over against the sun;
(3) actuating motor drives: actuating motor and the reductor that is connected make motor 11 and reductor 10 common guarantee output speeds just in time be commentaries on classics every day one;
(4) energy output: the probe 14 in this mechanism and energy export pipeline 15 are delivered to the fixture that is connected with ground with the energy that obtains from the lighting equipment of continuous rotation, and are resent to different equipment according to concrete needs;
(5) Error processing: this mechanism is in service may to be produced because astronomical phenomena change the sum of errors machine driving error that causes, and should finely tune operation respectively to above-mentioned two kinds of errors, returns to the state of step (2).
The specific operation process of accurately adjusting lighting equipment in the above-mentioned said step (2) is: the adjusting nut 5 that can regulate drive rod 12 and power transmission shaft junction earlier unclamps, rotation can be regulated drive rod 12, make lighting equipment towards the sun, with adjusting nut 5 lockings, the nut that then being positioned in the driving mechanism can be regulated on the bearing pin 3 at drive rod 12 upper hopper chute places unclamps, the chute that manual fine-tuning can be regulated on the drive rod 12 with control bearing pin 3 edges moves up and down, and then it is movable back and forth to drive the adjusting connecting rod 4 that is connected with this bearing pin 3, treat that the forward on the daylighting device 1 in the lighting equipment regulates pointer 2 over against the sun, and when forward adjusting pointer does not have shade 2 times, tighten the nut on this bearing pin 3, with the fixed-site of this bearing pin 3.
Motor in the above-mentioned said step (3) and the reductor that is connected are that drive power transmission shaft 8 and top parts thereof rotate with identical speed, and keep do not stop 24 hours every days, need not return and regularly start action, next day, the daybreak lighting equipment was aimed at the sun naturally.
Astronomical phenomena error fine setting in above-mentioned said step (5) the fine setting operation, its operating process is unclamped for the nut on the bearing pin 3 that being positioned in the driving mechanism can be regulated drive rod 12 upper hopper chute places, the chute that manual fine-tuning can be regulated on the drive rod 12 with control bearing pin 3 edges moves up and down, it is movable back and forth to drive the adjusting connecting rod 4 that is connected with this bearing pin 3, and then the crank 17 that drives in the lighting equipment that is connected with adjusting connecting rod 4 rotates up and down, thereby the daylighting device 1 in the lighting equipment that is fixed together with crank 17 is swung up and down to regulate luffing angle, treat that the forward on the daylighting device 1 in the lighting equipment regulates pointer 2 over against the sun, and when forward adjusting pointer does not have shade 2 times, can tighten the nut on this bearing pin 3, with the fixed-site of this bearing pin 3.
Machine error fine setting in above-mentioned said step (5) the fine setting operation, its operating process is manual, the manual fine-tuning operating process is: the adjusting nut 5 that can regulate drive rod 12 and power transmission shaft 8 junctions unclamps, rotation can be regulated drive rod 12, and then drive with can regulate the lighting equipment that drive rod 12 is connected in daylighting device 1 left-right rotation, do not have shade below the forward adjusting pointer 2 on lighting equipment, can tighten adjusting nut 5, make lighting equipment over against the sun.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy is characterized in that: it is made up of lighting equipment, driving mechanism, reductor, motor, probe, energy export pipeline and pedestal; Wherein, said driving mechanism one end is connected with lighting equipment, and the other end is connected with reductor; The reductor other end is connected with motor; Driving mechanism is installed on the pedestal that can regulate the entire mechanism inclination angle; Be used for the energy that will obtain and place driving mechanism from the probe that the lighting equipment of continuous rotation transfers out; Energy export pipeline one end connects probe, on the permanent plant that the other end is connected to accordingly with ground level is connected.
2,, it is characterized in that said lighting equipment is regulated pointer by daylighting device, forward and crank is formed according to the said a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy of claim 1; Wherein, said daylighting device comprises the daylighting surface plate, is useful on the daylighting surface plate to regulate the daylighting device so that its forward of aiming at the sun is regulated pointer, and forward is regulated pointer and vertically is installed on the daylighting surface plate of daylighting device; Said upper end and the daylighting surface plate lower end that is used to regulate the crank of daylighting surface plate luffing angle is fixed together, and crank remains the angles that are about 150 degree with the daylighting surface plate; Wherein, can select on the daylighting surface plate of the daylighting device in the said lighting equipment collector lens that is used to strengthen gathering sunray is housed, be used for a kind of of the optical fiber of transmission ray or heat collector that electric heating is used, or the choosing dress is used for the light-sensitive cell that photovoltaic generation is used.。
3, according to the said a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy of claim 1, it is characterized in that the said driving mechanism that is used to drive and regulate lighting equipment by bearing pin, regulate connecting rod, can regulate drive rod, adjusting nut, rolling bearing, shell, power transmission shaft and lower margin is installed is formed; Wherein, said drive rod one end of regulating is hinged by the daylighting device in bearing pin and the lighting equipment, the other end is inserted into the power transmission shaft that is used to drive whole solar energy light collecting drive mechanism total movement, and is fixed together by adjusting nut and power transmission shaft; Said adjusting connecting rod one end is connected with the lower end of crank in the lighting equipment by bearing pin, and the other end is connected to by bearing pin can regulate the chute place that being used on the drive rod moves around bearing pin thereon; Saidly be used to keep the power transmission shaft position and make its rolling bearing that rotates flexibly be positioned at power transmission shaft; the power transmission shaft lower end connects reductor; the power transmission shaft outer wrap is useful on the shell of protecting rolling bearing and power transmission shaft not to be subjected to the invasion and attack of sleet dust storm, and shell is installed in the pedestal that the gradient that is used to make power transmission shaft and can regulate drive rod and ground level is equal to local latitude by lower margin is installed.
4, according to the said a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy of claim 1, it is characterized in that said motor adopts the constant rotational speed motor, its power determines that by calculating its watt level is directly proportional with the product of moment of torsion and rotating speed according to the size of solar facilities; Thereby saidly be used to drive driving mechanism and be: (60 minutes * 24 (being at 24 hours every day) * motor speed) with the reductor speed ratio that drives lighting equipment with the speed revolution: 1, more than remain about the quantitative relationship decision daylighting device of motor speed and reductor speed ratio and to change accurate every day 1.
5, a kind of method of work of above-mentioned non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy is characterized in that it comprises following job step:
(1) equipment is installed: this solar energy light collecting drive mechanism is installed, guaranteed that the center line of the power transmission shaft in this mechanism is identical with the inclination alpha and the local latitude of ground level, and be parallel to local longitude, its low side is near equatorial direction, and is high-end away from equatorial direction;
(2) lighting equipment of adjusting in this solar energy light collecting drive mechanism makes it over against the sun: promptly accurately adjust lighting equipment, can there be arbitrary period of sunlight to adjust by day, unclamp nut earlier, rotation can be regulated drive rod, make lighting equipment towards solar direction, locking nut, unclamp the nut on the bearing pin that to regulate in the drive rod chute again, mobile bearing pin, when not having shade below forward is regulated pointer, locking nut makes the center line of the power transmission shaft in this mechanism identical from the angle value of equator skew with the angle β and the sun of the centreline space of daylighting surface plate, guarantees that lighting equipment is over against the sun;
(3) actuating motor drives: actuating motor and the reductor that is connected make motor and reductor common guarantee output speed just in time be commentaries on classics every day one;
(4) energy output: the probe in this mechanism and energy export pipeline are delivered to the fixture that is connected with ground with the energy that obtains from the lighting equipment of continuous rotation, and are resent to different equipment according to concrete needs;
(5) Error processing: this mechanism is in service may to be produced because astronomical phenomena change the sum of errors machine driving error that causes, and should finely tune operation respectively to above-mentioned two kinds of errors, returns to the state of step (2).
6, according to the said a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy of claim 5, it is characterized in that in the said step (1) when this solar energy light collecting drive mechanism is installed in the Northern Hemisphere, will guaranteeing its low side during installation in south, high-end in north; When this solar energy light collecting drive mechanism is installed in the Southern Hemisphere, its Rotate 180 degree promptly to be guaranteed its low side in north during installation, high-end in south.
7, according to the said a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy of claim 5, it is characterized in that the specific operation process of accurately adjusting lighting equipment in the said step (2) is: the adjusting nut that can regulate drive rod and power transmission shaft junction earlier unclamps, rotation can be regulated drive rod, make lighting equipment towards the sun, adjusting nut is locked, then the nut that is positioned on the bearing pin that can regulate drive rod upper hopper chute place in the driving mechanism is unclamped, manual fine-tuning moves up and down along the chute that can regulate on the drive rod with the control bearing pin, and then it is movable back and forth to drive the adjusting connecting rod that is connected with this bearing pin, treat that the forward on the daylighting device in the lighting equipment regulates pointer over against the sun, and forward is regulated when not having shade under the pointer, tighten the nut on this bearing pin, with the fixed-site of this bearing pin;
8, according to the said a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy of claim 5, it is characterized in that motor in the said step (3) and the reductor that is connected are that drive power transmission shaft and top parts thereof rotate with identical speed, and keep do not stop 24 hours every days, need not return and regularly start action, next day, the daybreak lighting equipment was aimed at the sun naturally.
9,, it is characterized in that the energy export pipeline in the said step (4) can be electric energy outlet line, liquid conducting pipes or luminous energy output optical fibre according to the said a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy of claim 5.
10, according to the said a kind of non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy of claim 5, it is characterized in that the astronomical phenomena error fine setting in said step (5) the fine setting operation, its operating process can be manual or motor-driven, when this solar energy light collecting drive mechanism is applied to small-sized solar equipment, take manual fine-tuning, its operating process is for to unclamp the nut that is positioned on the bearing pin that can regulate drive rod upper hopper chute place in the driving mechanism, manual fine-tuning moves up and down along the chute that can regulate on the drive rod with the control bearing pin, it is movable back and forth to drive the adjusting connecting rod that is connected with this bearing pin, and then the crank that drives in the lighting equipment that is connected with the adjusting connecting rod rotates up and down, thereby the daylighting device in the lighting equipment that is fixed together with crank is swung up and down to regulate luffing angle, treat that the forward on the daylighting device in the lighting equipment regulates pointer over against the sun, and forward is regulated when not having shade under the pointer, can tighten the nut on this bearing pin, with the fixed-site of this bearing pin; When this mechanism is applied to large-scale colony power station, adopt the fine setting of industrial automation control method, promptly adopting speed ratio is (365.2563657 * 60 minutes * 24 (being at 24 hours every day) * motor speed): 1 deceleration control system is finely tuned operation; Machine error fine setting in said step (5) the fine setting operation, its operating process is manual, the manual fine-tuning operating process is: the adjusting nut that can regulate drive rod and power transmission shaft junction unclamps, rotation can be regulated drive rod, and then drive with can regulate the lighting equipment that drive rod is connected in daylighting device left-right rotation, do not have shade below the forward adjusting pointer on lighting equipment, can tighten adjusting nut, make lighting equipment over against the sun.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100684683A CN101539343B (en) | 2009-04-14 | 2009-04-14 | Non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy light collecting drive mechanism and working method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100684683A CN101539343B (en) | 2009-04-14 | 2009-04-14 | Non-intermittent real-time tracking solar energy light collecting drive mechanism and working method thereof |
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| CN101539343A true CN101539343A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
| CN101539343B CN101539343B (en) | 2011-02-16 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102819270A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2012-12-12 | 河北工业大学 | Automatic sun searching device for plant cultivation |
| CN105004074A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-10-28 | 河海大学常州校区 | Automatic adjustment device and method for thermal collecting pipe of trough solar thermal collector |
| CN105509346A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-04-20 | 中海阳能源集团股份有限公司 | Offset correction system and correction method for tower-type heliostat |
| CN114527801A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-05-24 | 福建安泰新能源科技有限公司 | A locking system for photovoltaic tracking support |
-
2009
- 2009-04-14 CN CN2009100684683A patent/CN101539343B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102819270A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2012-12-12 | 河北工业大学 | Automatic sun searching device for plant cultivation |
| CN102819270B (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-08-13 | 河北工业大学 | Automatic sun searching device for plant cultivation |
| CN105004074A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-10-28 | 河海大学常州校区 | Automatic adjustment device and method for thermal collecting pipe of trough solar thermal collector |
| CN105509346A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-04-20 | 中海阳能源集团股份有限公司 | Offset correction system and correction method for tower-type heliostat |
| CN114527801A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-05-24 | 福建安泰新能源科技有限公司 | A locking system for photovoltaic tracking support |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101539343B (en) | 2011-02-16 |
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