A kind of thermoplastic resin coating film material and manufacturing approach thereof
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-performance fiber skeleton reinforcing membrane material and preparation method thereof, particularly cloth membrane material and preparation method thereof, specifically a kind of thermoplastic resin coating film material and preparation method thereof.
Two, background technology
The cloth membrane material is meant the polymeric membrane (like PVC, PTFE, TPU, silicon rubber etc.) that is coated with macromolecule resin or applying on the fibr tissue, has only film not have fibr tissue to support and just is called film.The cloth membrane material is widely used in the daily life, such as camp, space film, advertisement exhibition cloth film, swimming pool cloth film, dirty barrier film, hull film, screen cloth film, projection cloth film, dome skylight, large-scale compartment cloth film, type master mode screen cloth, building cloth film, electron level printing cloth film, high-tension high-mechanic sieve cloth film.Industry cloth film, the wear-resisting heat-insulating cloth film of weatherability, communications and transportation are with cloth film, air channel cloth film.The cloth membrane material is widely used in industries such as building, automobile, medical treatment, building, space flight, military project, agricultural, ocean, disaster emergency, protective clothes.
Cloth membrane material market demand enlarges day by day, has convenience, practical, attractive in appearance and fashion characteristic, has unique advantage.The industrial technology that the weaving of cloth film product needed, printing and dyeing, chemical industry, mechanical industry are combined closely supports; Need high-performance fiber (nylon, terylene, Kevlar, PBO, Vectran, M5, F-12, CVM, Fanglun l414, HUMW-PE), material technologies such as functional resin (polyvinylchloride, polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, PU, TPU, PC, PE, PVF, PVDF, organosilicon) and functional additive are integrated.The cloth membrane material is constantly brought forth new ideas and is selected to provide possibility for fecund industry more.The cloth membrane material will develop towards functionalization, differentiation direction, under high-tech cooperations such as nanometer, photoelectricity, the energy, environmental protection, comprise that characteristic cloth membrane materials such as solar cloth film, photocatalyst cloth film, self-cleaning cloth film become the demand focus.
The cloth membrane material can adopt impregnation, coating, lamination is bonding, film is compound, extrude technology such as coating realizes, because complex process (will pass through coating, starching, be laminated with etc.), with high content of technology, added value is high, and market prospects are wide.
The spatial structure building film material material divides PVC, PTFE, ETFE three major types on a large scale.The PVC film is to make base material with polyester fiber, covers to form with PVC; The base material of PTFE film material is a glass fibre; The ETFE film then is not have the direct film forming of base material.Membrane material market, the world is almost states such as the U.S., Japan, France, Germany, Belgium and monopolizes.Membrane material has great vitality and market, will become new growth engines such as 21 century architecture engineering material, protective clothes lining, environment-friendly materials.
Three, summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of thermoplastic resin coating film material (having anti-ozone, anti-ultraviolet, function such as low temperature resistant, high-strength) and processing method thereof.It is by one or more high-performance fibers processes or without pre-treatment, adopts special weaving with the coating combination process to process.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
1, adopting one or more shufflings in the high tensile flexible fiber (fibers such as Twaron, Terlon, Tyneema, Kevlar, Vectran, Zylon, PBO, F-12, M5, Fanglun l414, HUMW-PE) is warp or parallel;
2, select for use different special number long filaments or yarn through starching or not starching, twisting or do not twist processing adopts longitude and latitude plain weave (grid, Panamanian structure) or warp knitting fabrics (twin shaft to, the multiaxis to) structure that interweaves to weave;
3, after removal of impurities, impregnation typing, calendering are deoiled in the pre-treatment of fiber reinforcement tissue process, adopt single or double one or many coating combination process;
4, coating resin adopts single or combination in water-based or the solvent-based thermal plastic resin (polyacrylic resin PA, polycarbonate, polyurethane PU, TPU, EVA), function inorganic additive (nanometer SiO
2, ZnO, TiO
2, ultra-fine carbon black) in the single or combination, function organic additive (silane coupler, cross linking agent, polyvinyl fluoride PVF, polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF or other fluorine resins, surfactant, ultra-violet absorber) single or combination form through fully mixing allotment.
The alleged thermoplastic resin coating film material of the present invention comprises the thermoplastic resin coating of base material (fiber reinforcement tissue) and substrate surface, between coating and the base cloth layer glue is arranged, and it is characterized in that:
Said thermoplastic resin is to be coated in the coating that substrate surface and oven dry back form by a kind of in the materials such as PU, TPU, PA, PC, PE, EVA or combination resin solution or aqueous dispersion emulsion, coating layer thickness 0.4~1mm,
Described coating resin mixture is made into by the raw material that contains following weight content: 60~90% thermoplastic resin solutions or aqueous dispersion emulsion, 10~40% functional additive mixtures are formed.
Described thermoplastic resin solution or aqueous dispersion emulsion solid content 25~45%, crosslinking agent solid content 85%, gas phase or nanometer SiO in the functional additive
2, ZnO, TiO
2, ultra-fine carbon black powder solid content 100%, antitack agent solid content 15~20%, thickener solid content 30%; Described antitack agent is a silica, and crosslinking agent is isocyanates or hexamethylolmelamine.
This thermoplastic resin coating film material manufacturing approach is: earlier substrate surface is carried out modification and handle (measures such as corona, plasma, ultrasonic wave, chemical oxidation corrosion); Substrate surface after processing is coated with to scrape or pad resin and also dries; Its coating apparatus evenly is coated on described thermoplastic resin solution or aqueous dispersions coating adhesive on the substrate surface, then the glue-line after applying is dried.
Said thermoplastic resin coating's glue is formulated by containing following raw materials in weight content, and by 60~90% thermoplastic resin solutions or aqueous dispersions, 10~40% functional additives mix.
Resin-coated adopts contrary roll-type kiss to be coated with or the gap such as is coated with at mode, and applicator roll is between reverse roll and dance roller, and base material applies on reverse roll and the dance roller to being stretched in.Coating speed 15~30m/min coating weightening finish 10~50g/m
2
Film drying course after the coating adopts hot blast and Far-infrared Heating oven dry, 60~120 ℃ of bake out temperatures, 150~160 ℃ of stoving temperatures.Dry or cure 30 seconds~1 minute time.
This thermoplastic resin coating film material has high strength, anti tear, good weatherability (not xanthochromia, low temperature resistant, anti-ultraviolet, anti-ozone) but characteristics such as ultrasonic wave heat-sealing, environmental protection low cost.
This thermoplastic resin coating film material: surface density≤280g/m
2, the anti-ultraviolet of anti-ozone (outdoor use 5~10 years), low temperature resistant (70 ℃), through broadwise fracture strength>=750N/cm, through broadwise tongue tear intensity>=600N,
Peel strength>=2400N/m, elongation at break≤5%, but supersonic thermal setting.
Four, the specific embodiment
Instance one:
1, technological process
The skeleton base cloth weaves → and clot → base cloth preliminary treatment → impregnation typing → tentering dries → offsets → subcoat → oven dry → functional coating → dry → offset → function is compound → bake → cool off side cut → clot → finished product.
2, water-based or solvent-borne type PU coating slurry formula:
Prime coat layer: 85~90 parts of water-based or solvent-borne type PU coating agents (mono-component polyurethane)
2~3 parts of crosslinking agents (polyisocyanates)
1 part of crosslinking accelerator (organic amine)
Coating slurry solid content (20~30%)
Viscosity (20~30Pas)
Black wash coating: 85~90 parts of water-based or solvent borne polyurethanes
2~3 parts of crosslinking agents (polyisocyanates)
5~7 parts of ultra-fine carbon blacks
Coating slurry solid content (20~30%)
Viscosity (15~20Pas)
3, slurry preparation
Require dissolving respectively, add gradually according to coating resin and additive according to compatibility; High-speed stirred, strict control temperature select for use suitable thickener to regulate viscosity less than 35 ℃, PH7~9, add antifoaming agent; Fully vacuum defoamation guarantees to be coated with and scrapes fluent, even, impermeable, free of pinholes bubble etc.
4, control of process condition
(1) at first adopt 900 purpose screen packs that coating paste is filtered.
(2) speed of a motor vehicle during coating is 15~30m/min.
(3) coated base fabric is first behind 80 ℃ of preliminary dryings, 120~130 ℃ of oven dry.
(4) at 80~100 ℃, calendering under the linear pressure 50t/cm condition.
5, points for attention
(1) the direct coating of solvent-based coating agent adopts contrary roller kiss to be coated with or the gap coating coating weight 10~15g/m
2, base fabric is that to be made into base cloth with the high-performance fiber long filament be main, cloth cover requires smooth.
(2) in coating procedure, base cloth will be through abundant typing, otherwise is easy to generate wrinkle.
(3) it is to prevent coating slurry infiltration base fabric that base cloth pre-treatment, prevention of water are handled, and the waterproofing agent consumption is an amount of, otherwise can influence coated film and base fabric cohesive force.The available sometimes flat calendering technology of prevention of water treatment process replaces.
(4) solvent-based coating agent filming performance is good, surface smoothing, high pressure resistant and wear-resisting.Polyurethane coating agent adds a small amount of polyisocyanates crosslinking agent, can strengthen the cohesive force with base fabric.
(5) coating adds functional additive in starching, colouring agent can be done the function coating.
Instance two:
1, technological process
The skeleton base cloth weaves → and clot → base cloth preliminary treatment → impregnation typing → tentering dries → offsets → subcoat → dry → offset → and functional coating → oven dry → film is laminated with → bakes → offset → cool off → cuts edge → clot
2, coating slurry formula
Material name |
Primary coat |
Shading is coated with |
Face is coated with |
The thickening of PU coating agent crosslinking agent (polyisocyanates) crosslinking accelerator ultraviolet absorber carbon black titanium white |
90 parts 1~3 part 0~3 part 5~10 parts----0~1 part |
90 parts 1~3 part 0~3 part--7~9 parts--0~1 part |
90 parts 1~3 part 0~3 part 5~10 parts--7~9 parts 0~1 part |
Synthetic |
100 parts |
100 parts |
100 parts |
3, slurry preparation
Require dissolving respectively, add gradually according to coating resin and additive according to compatibility; High-speed stirred, strict control temperature are less than 35 ℃, PH7~9; Select for use suitable thickener to regulate viscosity, fully vacuum defoamation guarantees to be coated with and scrapes fluent, even, impermeable, free of pinholes bubble etc.
4, process conditions
(1) base cloth waterproof: roll polyethylene emulsion 10~15g/L.
(2) coating: primary coat 10~20g/m
2, function is coated with 45~50g/m
2, face is coated with 60~80g/m
2
(3) tentering oven dry: fabric width is by regulation.
(4) bake out temperature: be lower than 120 ℃ and to control the fabric moisture be 5~10%.
(5) offset: the room temperature line pressure is 50~70N/cm, and coat side is to hard bowl (metallic roll).
(6) bake: 160~165 ℃, 2min.
5, points for attention
(1) cloth is coated with three times, and primary coat and positive color are approaching; Be coated with for the second time functional layer; Face is coated with weathering layer.Three coating effects are different, and coating evenly also strengthens, and is respectively 25~30g/m
2, 45~50g/m
2, 60~80g/m
2Total coating weight 130~160g/m
2
(2) offset after each coating oven dry, strengthen coating resin and base fabric cohesive force, in order to continuing coating, drying rate should not be too fast, and temperature should not be too high, avoids the pin hole bubble to produce.
Be coated on the unit coating machine for (3) three times and process, need clot to prevent to produce permanent crease, the sticking defect of taking takes place when hot clot easily; Should take fully to cool off before the clot; The positive antiseized preliminary treatment of base fabric, series connection processing on three unit coating units can prevent that above defect from producing.
(4) polyisocyanates or hexamethylolmelamine crosslinking agent in the prescription, but enhancement coating film strength and washability.
6, framework material is selected and technology: