CN101533953B - Photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antenna for radio frequency identification system - Google Patents
Photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antenna for radio frequency identification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101533953B CN101533953B CN 200910111458 CN200910111458A CN101533953B CN 101533953 B CN101533953 B CN 101533953B CN 200910111458 CN200910111458 CN 200910111458 CN 200910111458 A CN200910111458 A CN 200910111458A CN 101533953 B CN101533953 B CN 101533953B
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Abstract
The invention provides a photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antenna for radio frequency identification system, relates to a micro-strip antenna. The photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antenna for radio frequency identification system has small size, large bandwidth, lower return loss and omnidirectional radiation feature. The micro-strip antenna comprises a ceramic wafer and silver coatings are set on the two surfaces of the ceramic wafer, wherein one silver coating is Kontol fractal wireless radiation patch and another silver coating is rectangular-hole array photo strip-gap structure. The relative dielectric constant of the ceramic wafer is 9+-10%. The shape of the ceramic wafer is rectangle and the side length of the square ceramic wafer is 20mm+-1mm and the length thereof is 1.0mm+-0.05mm. The photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antenna for radio frequency identification system has features of small size, large bandwidth, lower return loss, good omnidirectional radiation feature and easy to integrate. The antenna can satisfy the concrete requirement of a RFID application system to the antenna.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microstrip antenna, especially relate to a kind of photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antenna for radio-frequency recognition system.
Background technology
REID (Radio Frequency Identification, english abbreviation are RFID) is a kind of non-contact automatic identification technology of realizing with radio communication that begins to rise the nineties in 20th century.The RFID label has the characteristics such as volume is little, capacity is large, the life-span is long, reusable, can support fast reading and writing, non-visual recognition, mobile identification, multiple target identification, location and long-term follow management etc., this technology is combined with technology such as the Internet, communications, be used for the industries such as logistics, manufacturing, public information service, can realize efficient management and running, reduce cost.Along with the soft information correlation technique of safety constantly improve and ripe, RFID series industry will become an emerging high-tech industry group, become the national economy new growth point, all will produce far-reaching influence to promoting the aspects such as Social Informatization Level, promotion sustainable economic development, raising people's living standard, enhancing public safety and national defense safety, and have great strategic meaning.Can estimate that the RFID technology will become another technology of new generation that affects global economy and human lives after mobile communication technology, Internet technology.
Antenna Design and manufacturing technology are one of core key technologies of REID, every characteristic of antenna and form size, service behaviour and the application of radio-frequency recognition system have been affected dramatically, along with the develop rapidly of RFID technology serial application, people have higher requirement at aspects such as broadband, miniaturization, wide demarcation inadaptability, anti-destructive, Multi-frequency band multi-network compatibility to the RFID antenna.Antenna has very important status in rfid system, it is carried out deep research have important reference value and Practical significance.
20 century 70s, French mathematician B.B.Mandelbrot is after having summed up occurring in nature irregular geometry figure, fractal this concept has been proposed for the first time, think that fractal geometry can process the configuration of those minimum rules of occurring in nature, point out that fractals will become the powerful of the many physical phenomenons of research.To the eighties in 20th century, promoted fractal electrodynamic development about ripple and the interactional research of fractal structure, and just one of fractal electrodynamic numerous application of fractal antenna.It can be so that our small design antenna or a plurality of radio communication elements are integrated on the block device effectively.Fractals are the geometries with self-similarity nature that produce by iteration, all have self-similarity between its entire and part and between part and the part, and the Fractal Design of antenna is the fusion of electromagnetic theory and fractal geometry.Research finds that compare with traditional antenna, fractal antenna has the advantages such as miniaturization, broadband, multiple-frequency operation, high radiation resistance, bootstrap loading, can satisfy well rfid system to the requirement of antenna.The frequency range of the working frequency range commonly used of radio-frequency recognition system is 2.4～2.4835GHz, and its bandwidth requirement is 83.5MHz.Antenna Design for rfid system requires to have large bandwidth, small size, and provides uniform fold at whole aximuthpiston, and gain is more than 0dB.
Cantor (cantor) fractal antenna is a kind of typical fractal antenna.The initial element of Cantor fractal structure is a square, and it is divided into 16 little squares of four lines four row.Remove the 3rd little square of the first row, first little square of the second row, the 4th little square of the third line, second little square of fourth line, remaining 12 little squares namely consist of single order Cantor (cantor) fractal structure.12 little squares of single order Cantor (cantor) fractal structure are divided into respectively 16 little squares of four lines four row again.Remove the 3rd little square of the first row, first little square of the second row, the 4th little square of the third line, second little square of fourth line, obtain second order Cantor (cantor) fractal structure.By this iteration, can generate each high-order Cantor (cantor) fractal structure.Cantor (cantor) fractal antenna has good broadband character, obtains fine application in micro-strip paster antenna.In addition, it also helps to improve antenna pattern and reduces cross polarization.
For present RFID antenna, conventional microstrip antenna size is obviously excessive, and has the shortcomings such as bandwidth of operation is little, even if by inserting the short circuit pin, improving with technology such as feed loops, effect is still undesirable.The development of REID can cover 2.4～2.4835GHz working frequency range in the urgent need to a antenna.Than traditional base material, ceramic bases has the advantages such as dielectric constant height, dielectric loss are little, uses ceramic bases can effectively dwindle antenna size.Photon band gap (Photonic Band-Gap is abbreviated as PBG) structure is comprised of a kind of dielectric material period profile in another kind of dielectric material.This structure can be by the scaled size relational application in very wide frequency range, and therefore the in recent years pbg structure of microwave and millimeter wave field application more and more causes people's concern.In pbg structure, electromagnetic wave is after the periodic dielectric scattering, and some wave band electromagnetic intensity can be exponential damping because of destruction interference, can't propagate in this structure, so form band gap at frequency spectrum.Pbg structure particularly has huge using value in microwave circuit and the field of antenna in microwave regime, now has been widely applied in the design of the circuit of microwave, millimeter wave band and device.The rational Application photonic band gap structure can improve the radiation characteristic of antenna, the bandwidth of operation of broadening antenna.At present, Cantor fractal microstrip antenna, ceramic substrate material, photonic band gap structure are combined, and the correlation technique that is applied in 2.4～2.4835GHz working frequency range in the rfid system has no report.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of size little, with roomy, return loss is lower and the photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antenna that is used for radio-frequency recognition system with omnidirectional radiation characteristic.
The present invention is provided with ceramic substrate, and the two sides of ceramic substrate is equipped with silver coating, and wherein a silver coating is Cantor fractal aerial radiation paster, and the another side silver coating is rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure.
The relative dielectric constant of ceramic substrate is preferably 9 ± 10%.The shape of ceramic substrate can be rectangle, is preferably square, and square ceramic substrate is preferably length of side 20mm ± 1mm, and thickness is 1.0mm ± 0.05mm.
The structure of Cantor fractal aerial radiation paster is the Cantor fractal structure at least 2 rank.In lower edge, Cantor fractal aerial radiation paster middle part and the position that is on the center line be provided with antenna feed point.
Rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure preferably by three row three row totally nine square holes consist of, parallel between row and the row, row be listed as between parallel.The size of each square hole is preferably identical.The length of side of each square hole is preferably 4mm ± 0.1mm, and the spacing of adjacent two rectangular openings is preferably 2mm ± 0.1mm in every row, and the spacing of adjacent two rectangular openings is preferably 2mm ± 0.1mm in every row.The left margin of the lower edge of the upper edge of rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure and the upper edge of ceramic substrate distance, rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure and the lower edge distance of ceramic substrate, rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure and the left margin distance of ceramic substrate, the right of rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure preferably are 2mm ± 0.1mm along the right with ceramic substrate along distance.
Compare with the conventional microstrip antenna that is used for radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) system, the present invention has following outstanding advantage and significant effect: size is little, it is roomy to be with, radiation characteristic good, its working band is 2.118～2.536GHz, its absolute bandwidth is 0.418GHz, its relative bandwidth is 17.42%, can complete covering rfid system in 2.4～2.4835GHz working frequency range.Antenna size is 10% of conventional microstrip antenna size, has reached the purpose of miniature RFID antenna, can put it in RFID label or the read write line fully.And the present invention have simple in structure, manufacturing process is simple, cost is low, the omnidirectional radiation performance is good and be easy to the advantages such as integrated.Can satisfy in the RFID application system specific requirement to antenna.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Cantor fractal aerial radiation paster structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the return loss (S of the embodiment of the invention
11) performance map.Abscissa among Fig. 3 represents frequency Frequency (GHz), and ordinate represents return loss intensity The return loss.of the antenna (dB).
Fig. 4 is the H face directional diagram of the embodiment of the invention.Coordinate is polar coordinates.
Fig. 5 is the E face directional diagram of the embodiment of the invention.Coordinate is polar coordinates.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1 and 2, the present invention is provided with two-sided silver-plated ceramic substrate 1, silver coating is all established on the two sides of ceramic substrate 1, a silver coating of ceramic substrate is second order Cantor fractal aerial radiation paster 2, the another side silver coating of ceramic substrate 1 is the connection of antenna stratum, be etched with rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure on the connection of antenna stratum, rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure by three row three row totally nine square holes 3 form.The relative dielectric constant of ceramic substrate is 9.
Ceramic substrate is square, and the size of ceramic substrate is that the length of side is 20mm ± 1mm, and thickness is 1.0mm ± 0.05mm.
The Cantor fractal aerial radiation paster 2 of second order adopts Cantor fractal structure grey iterative generation mode to generate.The straight line length of side of initial cell side's paster is 16mm ± 0.05mm, and it is divided into 16 little squares of four lines four row.Remove the 3rd little square of the first row, first little square of the second row, the 4th little square of the third line, second little square of fourth line, remaining 12 little squares namely consist of single order Cantor fractal structure.12 little squares of single order Cantor fractal structure are divided into respectively 16 little squares of four lines four row again.Remove the 3rd little square of the first row, first little square of the second row, the 4th little square of the third line, second little square of fourth line, obtain second order Cantor fractal structure.By this iteration, it is the above Cantor fractal aerial radiation pasters in three rank that the present invention can continue grey iterative generation.
During use, at place, the lower edge, middle part of Cantor fractal antenna patch and the cross central line that is positioned at the Cantor fractal antenna patch be provided with antenna feed point A.The one side that is provided with rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure at ceramic substrate 1 is the connection of antenna stratum, rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure by three row three row totally nine square holes 3 form.Parallel between row and the row, row be listed as between parallel.Each square hole of rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure measure-alike.The size of each square hole is that the length of side is 4mm ± 0.1mm.The spacing of adjacent two rectangular openings is 2mm ± 0.1mm in every row, and the spacing of adjacent two rectangular openings is 2mm ± 0.1mm in every row.Rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure upper edge, lower edge, left margin, the right are along being 2mm ± 0.1mm with the distance on ceramic substrate upper edge, lower edge, left margin, edge, the right respectively.
Table 1 provides manufacturing mismachining tolerance of the present invention to the situation that affects of antenna performance.
Table 1
| Affect factor | Working frequency range 2.118～2.536GHz | S 11/ dB 2.118～2.536GHz | Absolute bandwidth | Relative bandwidth |
| Ceramic substrate size 20mm ± 1mm * 20mm ± 1mm | Unaffected, still can cover | Cause that fluctuation is no more than 2%.Be better than-10dB | Be better than 0.41GHz | Be better than 17% |
| The straight line length of side, the feed position equal error of ceramic substrate relative dielectric constant 9, substrate thickness 1.0mm, silver coating thickness, initial cell side's paster are controlled in 2% | The assurance frequency range covers | Cause that fluctuation is no more than 1%, is better than-10dB | Be better than 0.41GHz | Be better than 17% |
| Each rectangular opening size 4mm ± 0.1mm of rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure * 4mm ± 0.1mm | The assurance frequency range covers | Cause that fluctuation is no more than 1%, is better than-10dB | Be better than 0.41GHz | Be better than 17% |
| Rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure and ceramic substrate up and down four edges apart from 2mm ± 0.1mm, | The assurance frequency range covers | Cause that fluctuation is no more than 1%, is better than-10dB | Be better than 0.41GHz | Be better than 17% |
Annotate: 1. data are existing certain redundant in the table, and certain relevance is arranged between each parameter, and what provide is equalization characteristic, according to demand particular design;
2. need to adopt the two-sided silver plating ceramic substrate of high performance microwave low consumption, tg δ＜0.002.
Fig. 3 provides the return loss (S of the embodiment of the invention
11) performance map.As can be seen from Figure 3, the working band of antenna has covered 2.118～2.536GHz, the return loss in the working band all-below the 10dB, the minimum echo loss in the working band is-15.65dB.Antenna return loss (S
11) performance meets the demands in whole passband, the absolute bandwidth of antenna is 0.418GHz, its relative bandwidth is 17.42%, is much better than conventional microstrip antenna, the 2.4～2.4835GHz working frequency range in can complete covering rfid system.
Referring to Fig. 4, as seen from Figure 4, antenna main lobe has covered most of angle basically between 180 °～360 °, so the present invention has the omnidirectional radiation characteristic.
Referring to Fig. 5, as seen from Figure 5, antenna main lobe is between 270 °～360 °.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 contrast can be found out that the shape of directional diagram the first half is basically identical.
From antenna return loss (S
11) performance map can find out that antenna has covered 2.118～2.536GHz frequency band, reached the requirement of radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) system for antenna.Can find out that from H face and the E face directional diagram of antenna antenna has the omnidirectional radiation characteristic.
Claims (8)
1. the photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antenna that is used for radio-frequency recognition system, it is characterized in that being provided with ceramic substrate, the two sides of ceramic substrate is equipped with silver coating, and wherein a silver coating is Cantor fractal aerial radiation paster, and the another side silver coating is rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure;
The relative dielectric constant of described ceramic substrate is 9 ± 10%;
The structure of described Cantor fractal aerial radiation paster is the Cantor fractal structure at least 2 rank.
2. the photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antenna for radio-frequency recognition system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the rectangle that is shaped as of ceramic substrate.
3. the photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antenna for radio-frequency recognition system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the square that is shaped as of ceramic substrate, and the length of side 20mm of ceramic substrate ± 1mm, thickness are 1.0mm ± 0.05mm.
4. the photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antenna for radio-frequency recognition system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in Cantor fractal aerial radiation paster lower edge, middle part and the position that is on the center line is provided with antenna feed point.
5. the photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antenna for radio-frequency recognition system as claimed in claim 1, totally nine square holes consist of to it is characterized in that being listed as by three row three by rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure, parallel between row and the row, row be listed as between parallel.
6. the photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antenna for radio-frequency recognition system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that the measure-alike of each square hole.
7. such as claim 5 or 6 described photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antennas for radio-frequency recognition system, the length of side that it is characterized in that each square hole is 4mm ± 0.1mm, the spacing of adjacent two rectangular openings is 2mm ± 0.1mm in every row, and the spacing of adjacent two rectangular openings is 2mm ± 0.1mm in every row.
8. such as claim 1 or 5 described photo strip-gap ceramics Kontol fractal micro-strip antennas for radio-frequency recognition system, it is characterized in that the upper edge of rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure and the upper edge distance of ceramic substrate, lower edge and the lower edge distance of ceramic substrate, left margin and the left margin distance of ceramic substrate, the right of rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure of rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure of rectangular opening array photonic band gap structure are 2mm ± 0.1mm along the right with ceramic substrate along distance.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101752666B (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2013-10-23 | 厦门大学 | Cantor fractal microstrip array antenna for ku waveband |
| CN102157789B (en) * | 2011-02-12 | 2014-01-29 | 厦门大学 | Improved Cantor fractal microstrip antenna with distributed loading coupling cavity |
| CN105680170A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-06-15 | 广东风华高新科技股份有限公司 | Ltcc antenna |
| CN106911009B (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2019-12-20 | 厦门大学嘉庚学院 | Photonic crystal fractal array antenna for mobile communication |
| CN109728434B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2020-12-25 | 厦门大学嘉庚学院 | Rhombus multi-gap fractal array ultra-wideband antenna |
| CN109728432B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2021-01-29 | 厦门大学嘉庚学院 | Gradual change square gap fractal array ultra wide band antenna |
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| CN101399396A (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2009-04-01 | 厦门大学 | Photonic forbidden band ceramic Sierpinski split antenna used for RFID system |
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| US7113141B2 (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-09-26 | Elta Systems Ltd. | Fractal dipole antenna |
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| CN101399396A (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2009-04-01 | 厦门大学 | Photonic forbidden band ceramic Sierpinski split antenna used for RFID system |
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