CN101533095B - Early radar warning method based on GIS - Google Patents
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- CN101533095B CN101533095B CN2009101114865A CN200910111486A CN101533095B CN 101533095 B CN101533095 B CN 101533095B CN 2009101114865 A CN2009101114865 A CN 2009101114865A CN 200910111486 A CN200910111486 A CN 200910111486A CN 101533095 B CN101533095 B CN 101533095B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Doppler radar information application domain, especially an early radar warning method based GIS, comprising the following steps: (1) obtaining radar echo information by analyzing radar echo original picture; (2) calculating the maximum radar echo value of each countryside town in radar map coverage area at appointed time; (3) distinguishing the radar echo being rainfall echo or ground echo to eliminate the ground echo; (4) estimating the rainfall in a certain time range in the future based on the maximum radar echo value; (5) using the bigger echo value as the echo in the area overlapping zones in way of vector superposing on the radar picture mosaic. The method is in favor of distinguishing the ground echo and estimating the rainfall on GIS platform.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Doppler radar information application, particularly a kind of early radar warning method based on GIS.
Background technology
" radar echo intensity figure " uses the widest a kind ofly in numerous weather radar products, it is that what to form after the radar scanning is that initial point, radius of investigation are more than 200 kilometer polar coordinate image with the radar station.Openly offer this traditional radar return figure that all circles use by meteorological department at present; Although the stack that has administrative division; What have is spliced into " radar picture mosaic "; But all be difficult to its information of implementing on the ordinary meaning is read and the processed operation, the radar return image itself contains enriches the support that digital information is difficult to obtain computer application system.
Domestic existing weather radar Study on Technology only is confined to meteorological department inside basically with using, and is mainly used in weather forecast, and weather service field such as nowcasting in short-term particularly is unfavorable for that the radar high-tech product uses to the extension of other department of national economy.Along with the foundation of the national Doppler radar monitoring net of government investment and perfect, the application of weather radar information more and more widely, the radar image of simple picture form has been difficult to satisfy the demand that domestic consumer obtains radar information.
Indivedual units of meteorological department also develop the radar information application system based on GIS, and " based on the radar return automatic alarm system of GIS " that can Zhuhai City weather bureau be representative.This system makes the GIS data combine with Radar Data; Realized automatic warning function when radar return reaches certain area and intensity in predeterminable area; Play the effect of initiatively reminding forecaster on duty, reduced the probability of omitting hazardous weather, also alleviated forecaster's pressure on duty simultaneously.This system adopts shp, the operation of shx formatted file and the mapping table technology realization Radar Data of ESRI company and combining of GIS geography information; To the radar return data then is directly to quote, and does not see and carries out any technical finesse, for example non-rainfall clutter (mainly being background return) is not differentiated, the rainfall situation relevant with echo strength do not carried out discriminatory analysis etc.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, a kind of early radar warning method based on GIS is provided, this method helps on the GIS platform, carrying out the examination of background return and the estimation of rainfall amount.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: this early radar warning method based on GIS is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1) the radar return original image is resolved, obtain radar return information;
(2) calculate the maximum radar echo value of specifying each small towns in the moment radar map coverage;
(3) carrying out radar return is the rainfall echo or the discriminating of background return, gets rid of background return;
(4) according to the rainfall amount in the following certain hour scope of maximum radar echo value quantitative estimation;
(5) in the radar picture mosaic, adopt vector superposed mode, for the scope overlapping areas, with the echo of bigger Echo Rating as this place.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows the former picture of radar is carried out vector quantization; In conjunction with the GIS technology; Radar map information behind the vector quantization is added in the generalized information system, thus can make full use of the GIS technology to radar map carry out convergent-divergent, move, operations such as location, fixed point query, statistical query.Simultaneously, radar map and map are carried out registration, and according to radar echo intensity information, quantitatively extrapolate the maximum raininess in the following certain hour scope in small towns, echo place, carrying out radar return simultaneously is that the rainfall echo or the check of background return are screened.In addition, with the radar map vector quantization of multistation, the splicing of the overlay area being carried out vector element is synthetic, just can generate the radar return picture mosaic.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is done further detailed description.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the systematic schematic diagram of the inventive method.
Embodiment
Early radar warning method based on GIS of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) the radar return original image is resolved, obtain radar return information;
(2) calculate the maximum radar echo value of specifying each small towns in the moment radar map coverage;
(3) carrying out radar return is the rainfall echo or the discriminating of background return, gets rid of background return;
(4) according to the rainfall amount in the following certain hour scope of maximum radar echo value quantitative estimation;
(5) in the radar picture mosaic, adopt vector superposed mode, for the scope overlapping areas, with the echo of bigger Echo Rating as this place.
The implementation method of step (1) is: set up radar return and color mapping table; Travel through the pixel of the original former figure of radar return line by line, look into from radar return and color mapping table with the colouring information of pixel and fetch wave number, the Echo Rating that parses is saved in the binary file.This binary file is also preserved the size of radar return original image, the information such as longitude and latitude position range that radar station covers.
The implementation method of step (2) is: each small towns face of traversal small towns figure layer; Each small towns face pel all has square boundary; Travel through the square boundary of each small towns face line by line with the interval of 0.05 longitude and latitude, judge this whether in the face of irregular small towns, if in the face of small towns and this is in the radar map coverage; Then be calculated to be this latitude and longitude coordinates point the pixel coordinate index point of radar map, algorithm is following:
The corresponding latitude and longitude coordinates in the known radar figure lower left corner be (mixX, minY), the latitude and longitude coordinates in the upper right corner (maxX, maxY), radar map width width, height height, the analyzing spot latitude and longitude coordinates (x, y),
The longitude and latitude point that requires correspond to pixel index coordinate on the radar map (pixelX pixelY) is:
pixelX＝(int)((width/(maxX-mixX))*(x-mixX))；
pixelY＝(int)((height/(maxY-minY))*(maxY-y))；
Obtain to take out behind the pixel index coordinate colouring information of radar return, obtain to take out behind the pixel coordinate index point colouring information of radar return, from the mapping table of the radar return set up and radar map color, find corresponding Echo Rating.Carrying out radar return again is the rainfall echo or the discriminating of background return, calculates then and asks for the estimation rainfall in corresponding small towns.
Occur background return on the radar return figure and be difficult to avoid, exist even fine day also has background return.The present invention takes efficient ways to differentiate background return on the basis that makes much of weather radar survey rain principle.In preferred embodiment of the present invention, total " the small towns echo rate frequency analytic approach " and " A, two types of small towns statistical tests of B " two kinds of the discrimination method of background return in the step (3).At first carry out the check of " small towns echo rate frequency analytic approach " during discriminating; Method is: do not surpass critical value if frequency appears in the characteristic echo rate in the small towns echo rate statistical form that native system provides; Judge that the echo that is occurred is a background return, need not calculate rainfall; If characteristic echo rate frequency occurs and has surpassed certain critical value; Then the radar system in some province such as Guangdong, Zhejiang is directly estimated rainfall; Some province such as Fujian radar system then need could confirm need estimate rainfall in what situations through " A, two types of small towns of B echo rate statistical test " again, to get rid of the interference of factors such as the radar elevation angle and extreme terrain.
In step (4), rainfall amount adopts following formula estimation:
Z＝AR
b
Wherein, Z representes echo strength, and R representes rainfall intensity, and A, b are and rain types, the season coefficient relevant with the region factor.Because Z=AR
bRelation formula is big with rain types or changes of seasons, so be Z=10R by " estimating maximum raininess " computing formula of 5-8 month major flood season
2.6, other month then is Z=10R
3.1Handle.In order to improve the precision of quantitative estimation rainfall, system also adopts " coefficient calibration method ", with actual measurement rainfall data the rainfall amount of radar return quantitative estimation is replenished and corrects.
The solution formulation of " estimating maximum raininess ":
Error by between the rainfall of the rainfall of radar echo intensity estimation and ground precipitation station actual observation is difficult to avoid.Error has just to be had negatively, and in order to satisfy the demand of flood control mitigation work, the present invention confirms Z=AR through testing repeatedly and verifying
bEcho strength Z in the formula gets " the maximum echo rate in small towns ", and rainfall intensity R is positioned to " estimating maximum raininess ".General require " estimating maximum raininess " will require both total mean errors as much as possible little more than 85-90% greater than the ratio of actual measurement raininess simultaneously, controls the precision of " estimating maximum raininess " algorithm with this.
More than be preferred embodiment of the present invention, all changes of doing according to technical scheme of the present invention when the function that is produced does not exceed the scope of technical scheme of the present invention, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. early radar warning method based on GIS is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1) the radar return original image is resolved, obtain radar return information;
(2) calculate the maximum radar echo value of specifying each small towns in the moment radar map coverage;
(3) carrying out radar return is the rainfall echo or the discriminating of background return, gets rid of background return;
(4) according to the rainfall amount in the following certain hour scope of maximum radar echo value quantitative estimation;
(5) in the radar picture mosaic, adopt vector superposed mode, for the scope overlapping areas, with the echo of bigger Echo Rating as this place;
Wherein, The implementation method of step (2) is: each small towns face of traversal small towns figure layer; Each small towns face pel all has square boundary, travels through the square boundary of each small towns face line by line with the interval of unit longitude and latitude, judges that pixel is whether in the face of irregular small towns; If in the face of small towns and this in the radar map coverage, then be calculated to be this some the pixel coordinate index point of radar map; Obtain to take out behind the pixel coordinate index point colouring information of radar return, from the mapping table of the radar return set up and radar map color, find corresponding Echo Rating.
2. the early radar warning method based on GIS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the implementation method of step (1) is: the mapping table of setting up radar return and radar map color; Travel through the pixel of the original former figure of radar return line by line, look into from described mapping table with the colouring information of pixel and fetch wave number, the Echo Rating that parses is saved in the binary file.
3. the early radar warning method based on GIS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step (4), rainfall amount adopts following formula estimation:
Z＝AR
b
Wherein, Z representes echo strength, and R representes rainfall intensity, and A, b are and rain types, the season coefficient relevant with the region factor.
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| CN102096889B (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2013-01-02 | 中国人民解放军防化指挥工程学院 | Nuclear hazard forecasting and alarming platform and method based on GIS (Geographic Information System) |
| CN102279424B (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2013-04-17 | 国家电网公司 | Early warning system for power grid meteorological disaster |
| CN104050518B (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2017-02-22 | 国家电网公司 | Power grid convection disaster-causing strong wind early warning method based on Doppler weather radar |
| CN105717491B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-09-21 | 象辑知源（武汉）科技有限公司 | The prediction technique and prediction meanss of Weather Radar image |
| CN106908797A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-30 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | X-band areal rainfall radar data extracting method based on GIS |
| CN110750516B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2023-10-31 | 浪潮软件集团有限公司 | Rainfall analysis model construction method, construction system and analysis method based on radar map |
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Address after: 350001 unit 6, 4 building, 245 Xiu Shan Road, Xin Dian Town, Jinan District, Fuzhou, Fujian, 608 Patentee after: Four creation technology limited company Address before: 350014 Fuzhou, Fujian, Jinan District, Jinshan District, three Town Road, D, 19 floor, 305 unit Patentee before: Fujian Strong Software Co., Ltd. |
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