CN106908797A - X-band areal rainfall radar data extracting method based on GIS - Google Patents

X-band areal rainfall radar data extracting method based on GIS Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106908797A
CN106908797A CN201710094219.6A CN201710094219A CN106908797A CN 106908797 A CN106908797 A CN 106908797A CN 201710094219 A CN201710094219 A CN 201710094219A CN 106908797 A CN106908797 A CN 106908797A
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data
radar
rainfall
polar
grid
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CN201710094219.6A
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Inventor
牛睿平
李辉
唐跃平
张永兵
杜红娟
王岩
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Jiangsu Nanshui Technology Co., Ltd.
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Nanjing Water Conservancy and Hydrology Automatization Institute Ministry of Water Resources
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Priority to CN201710094219.6A priority Critical patent/CN106908797A/en
Publication of CN106908797A publication Critical patent/CN106908797A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01W—METEOROLOGY
    • G01W1/00—Meteorology
    • G01W1/14—Rainfall or precipitation gauges
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/29—Geographical information databases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/40—Controlling or monitoring, e.g. of flood or hurricane; Forecasting, e.g. risk assessment or mapping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of X-band areal rainfall radar data extracting method based on GIS, including data storing step；The step of polar data is converted to raster data；Radar rainfall image shows step；Radar rainfall data extraction step.The radar data of polar projection method is converted into the present invention spatial data of grid, realize conversion, displaying of the radar polar data to areal rainfall data, and corresponding rainfall value can be extracted according to the point, face that provide, for the accurate hydrological analysis of next step provides data source, for application of the radar rainfall in conventional hydrology rainfall monitoring, urban flooding mitigation, the early warning of middle small watershed flush flood and debris flow disaster, water resources management lays the first stone.

Description

X-band areal rainfall radar data extracting method based on GIS
Technical field
The invention belongs to radar data analyzing and processing technical field, and in particular to the X-band areal rainfall radar number based on GIS According to extracting method.
Background technology
X-band areal rainfall rain detection with radar system can solve the problem that current discrete rainfall network rainfall monitoring data point, face relation Can not matching problem completely, and current hydrology professional domain still lacks more perfect weather radar monitoring system.Therefore, how The hydrology resource monitoring system in Radar Data Fusion to existing hydrology monitoring platform, forming Incorporate is turned into and is badly in need of solving Problem certainly.Wherein, it is crucial problem that how radar data carries out science, complete extraction.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention discloses a kind of rainfall radar data extracting method, pole is sat using GIS technology The radar data for marking projection is converted into the spatial data of grid, and extracts corresponding rainfall value according to the point, face for providing, under The accurate hydrological analysis of one step provides data source.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
X-band areal rainfall radar data extracting method based on GIS comprises the following steps：
Step one, the storage of data
The center of circle is set to radar in place, is stored by polar coordinate mode, totally 360 radial directions, arranged from 0 degree to 359 degree, often Radial data stores some raininess values, and each raininess value takes two bytes；
Step 2, polar data is converted to raster data
Step 2-1, generates raster data
(1) empty grid is generated
It is coordinate, the empty raster data of call function generation that the longitude and latitude of radar position is passed through into projection transform；
(2) polar data is written to sky grid
1. define a two-dimensional array, be stored with polar coordinates azimuth angel in array, storehouse number n, using two recirculate by Radar polar data is written in two-dimensional array；
2. from for storing, the empty grid of polar data is abstract to obtain block of pixels, for interim storage rainfall data；
3. by the distance of following formula computation grid point to radar center：
Dis is grid point to radar center distance in formula, and x, y are grid point coordinates；
4. by following formula computation grid point to the azimuth of radar center：
Azim is azimuth, θ=arctan (y/x) in formula；
5. corresponding rainfall value is found in polar coordinates apart from dis, azimuth azim according to grid point to radar center, So as to obtain the rainfall value of the grid point, since the block of pixels upper left corner, first X-direction in the Y direction, is traveled through successively, assigns grid Point rainfall value, block of pixels is write back sky grid again, completes radar polar data to the conversion of raster data.
Further, it is further comprising the steps of：
Step 3, radar rainfall image shows
Step 3-1, carries out classification and renders to grid map；
Step 3-2, render to form rainfall color grading using color range；
Step 3-3, transparency setting is carried out to Pluviogram.
Further, also including step 4, radar rainfall data is extracted：Radar rainfall is extracted with point, face mass mode Value, according to website and/or Administrative boundaries and/or small catchment extraction.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that and beneficial effect：
The X-band areal rainfall radar data extracting method based on GIS that the present invention is provided, by the radar number of polar projection method According to the spatial data for being converted into grid, conversion, displaying of the radar polar data to areal rainfall data are realized, and being capable of root Corresponding rainfall value is extracted according to the point, face that are given, is radar rainfall normal for the accurate hydrological analysis of next step provides data source Rule hydrology rainfall monitoring, the application in urban flooding mitigation, the early warning of middle small watershed flush flood and debris flow disaster, water resources management is laid Basis.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is radar Pluviogram
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme that the present invention is provided is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiment, it should be understood that following specific Implementation method is only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
X-band areal rainfall radar data extracting method based on GIS proposed by the present invention comprises the following steps：
Step one, the storage of data
X-band rain detection radar data have rigorous data structure and space-time to put in order, and it includes file header and raininess number According to two parts.File header data length is 256 bytes, comprising Data Identification, versions of data number, radar site and detecting parameter Etc. information, reserve bytes are stuffed entirely with 0.
Table 1 lists the data structure of file header data.
The file header data structure of table 1
The storage mode of data is as follows：Recording mode is set to the center of circle in place with radar, is stored by polar coordinate mode, altogether 360 radial directions, arrange from 0 degree to 359 degree, storage 600 (total storehouse number is 600 in the present invention) the individual raininess value per radial data, Each raininess value takes two bytes.As shown in table 2, wherein n is storehouse number to data store organisation.
The radial data storage organization of table 2
Step 2, polar data is converted to raster data
Rainfall radar polar data is dexterously switched to the two-dimensional matrix of 1200*1200 by the present invention.
Step 2-1, generates raster data
Coordinate system is the important Fundamentals of Mathematics of GIS data, for representing geographic element, image and the reference of observed result System, the definition of coordinate system ensure that radar data correctly shows its position, direction and distance in software.The present invention Middle use Xi'an 1980 projects.
(1) empty grid is generated
The longitude and latitude of radar position in header file, it is known that by being set to after projection transform (centx, Centy), unit is rice.IRasterWorkspace2 interfaces in ArcEngine are called using C# language CreateRasterDataset functions can generate empty grid.The major parameter of the function is as shown in table 3：
Table 3 generates empty raster data major parameter explanation
(2) polar data is written to sky grid
1. a two-dimensional array rain [angle, n] is defined, angel is polar coordinates azimuth, and n is storehouse number, using double Be written to radar polar data in rain [angle, n] by circulation.
2. from for storing, the empty grid of polar data is abstract to be obtained PixelBlock blocks (block of pixels, actual is two dimension Gray matrix), its Main Function is interim storage rainfall data.
3. computation grid point to radar center distance, as shown in formula 2-1：
Dis is grid point to radar center distance in formula, and x, y are grid point coordinates.
4. computation grid point is to the azimuth of radar center, as shown in formula 2-2：
Azim is azimuth, θ=arctan (y/x) in formula.
5. grid point to radar center the angle in dis, azimuth azim correspondence dimension group rain [angle, n], N two values, so as to obtain the rainfall value of the grid point.Since the PixelBlock upper left corners, first X-direction in the Y direction, successively Traversal, assigns grid point rainfall value.PixelBlock is write back sky grid again, radar polar data to raster data is completed Conversion.
Specifically, grid point is obtained identical with azimuth in polar coordinates to after the azimuth azim of radar center, finding Ending corner, be stored with 600 rainfall values under the ending corner, due to apart from dis=storehouses number * step, therefore storehouse number=dis/ Step, corresponding storehouse number can be obtained according to grid point to radar center apart from dis, also can just find storage under corresponding storehouse number Rainfall value, that is, obtain the rainfall value of the grid point.
After radar data is converted into raster data, also including radar rainfall image shows the step of.
Step 3, radar rainfall image shows
Step 3-1, grid Pluviogram is rendered
Value, the position of differentiation rainfall from radar areal rainfall figure for convenience to grid map, it is necessary to carry out classification wash with watercolours Dye.ArcEngine offer IRasterRenderer interfaces carry out classification and render to raster map layer.
Step 3-2, rainfall color range
Render to form rainfall color grading using color range, so as to the corresponding rainfall value of user's identification different colours.
Step 3-3, figure layer transparency is set
Avoid border, the watershed information in rainfall map combining hydrology GIS map, in addition it is also necessary to Pluviogram is carried out certain saturating Lightness is set.
By above step, displaying of the final radar Pluviogram in hydrology GIS map is as shown in Figure 1.
Step 4, radar rainfall data is extracted
In order to the rainfall value to rainfall radar is verified, it is necessary to be compared with existing telemetry station data；Small watershed Areal rainfall extract the accuracy of middle and small river flood forecasting played a key effect.Radar is extracted with point, face mass mode Rainfall value, can be according to website and/or Administrative boundaries and/or small catchment extraction.
Technological means disclosed in the present invention program is not limited only to the technological means disclosed in above-mentioned implementation method, also includes Constituted technical scheme is combined by above technical characteristic.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as Protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. the X-band areal rainfall radar data extracting method of GIS is based on, it is characterised in that comprised the following steps：
Step one, the storage of data
The center of circle is set to radar in place, is stored by polar coordinate mode, totally 360 radial directions, arranged from 0 degree to 359 degree, per radially The some raininess values of data storage, each raininess value takes two bytes；
Step 2, polar data is converted to raster data
Step 2-1, generates raster data
(1) empty grid is generated
It is coordinate, the empty raster data of call function generation that the longitude and latitude of radar position is passed through into projection transform；
(2) polar data is written to sky grid
1. a two-dimensional array is defined, be stored with polar coordinates azimuth angel in array, and storehouse number n recirculates radar using two Polar data is written in two-dimensional array；
2. from for storing, the empty grid of polar data is abstract to obtain block of pixels, for interim storage rainfall data；
3. by the distance of following formula computation grid point to radar center：
d i s = ( x - c e n t x ) 2 - ( y - c e n t y ) 2
Dis is grid point to radar center distance in formula, and x, y are grid point coordinates；
4. by following formula computation grid point to the azimuth of radar center：
Azim is azimuth, θ=arctan (y/x) in formula；
5. corresponding rainfall value is found in polar coordinates apart from dis, azimuth azim according to grid point to radar center, so that The rainfall value of the grid point is obtained, since the block of pixels upper left corner, first X-direction in the Y direction, is traveled through successively, assign grid point rain Value, block of pixels is write back sky grid again, completes radar polar data to the conversion of raster data.
2. the X-band areal rainfall radar data extracting method based on GIS according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also wrap Include following steps：
Step 3, radar rainfall image shows
Step 3-1, carries out classification and renders to grid map；
Step 3-2, render to form rainfall color grading using color range；
Step 3-3, transparency setting is carried out to Pluviogram.
3. the X-band areal rainfall radar data extracting method based on GIS according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also wrap Step 4 is included, radar rainfall data is extracted：Radar rainfall value is extracted with point, face mass mode, according to website and/or administrative side Boundary and/or small catchment extraction.
CN201710094219.6A 2017-02-21 2017-02-21 X-band areal rainfall radar data extracting method based on GIS Pending CN106908797A (en)

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CN108182717A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-06-19 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Geographic information image generation method and device
CN108805146A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-11-13 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 A kind of radial and centripetal water system recognition methods
CN109001846A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-12-14 中国水利水电科学研究院 A kind of MODEL OVER COMPLEX TOPOGRAPHY rains S-band and method is surveyed in X-band radar networking

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108182717A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-06-19 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Geographic information image generation method and device
CN108182717B (en) * 2017-12-15 2021-10-29 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Geographic information image generation method and device
CN108805146A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-11-13 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 A kind of radial and centripetal water system recognition methods
CN109001846A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-12-14 中国水利水电科学研究院 A kind of MODEL OVER COMPLEX TOPOGRAPHY rains S-band and method is surveyed in X-band radar networking
CN110806607A (en) * 2018-06-20 2020-02-18 中国水利水电科学研究院 Networking rain measuring method for overlapping area of S-band radar and X-band radar under complex terrain condition
CN110879428A (en) * 2018-06-20 2020-03-13 中国水利水电科学研究院 Method for measuring rain through networking in overlapped area between radars in same wave band under complex terrain condition
CN110806607B (en) * 2018-06-20 2021-02-26 中国水利水电科学研究院 Networking rain measuring method for overlapping area of S-band radar and X-band radar under complex terrain condition
CN110879428B (en) * 2018-06-20 2021-03-23 中国水利水电科学研究院 Method for measuring rain through networking in overlapped area between radars in same wave band under complex terrain condition

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Application publication date: 20170630