CN101532279A - Method for building semitropics townscape type highway noise insulation forest - Google Patents
Method for building semitropics townscape type highway noise insulation forest Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for building a semitropics townscape type highway noise insulation forest, which is characterized in that: the insulation forest is a ribbon-shaped forest belt which is high in the middle and low at both sides, the cross section of the insulation forest is in the shape of symmetry with low outer part and high inner part, the width of the forest belt is larger than 30 meters, the height of the forest belt is larger than 10 meters, the distance from the forest belt to the highway is 6-15 meters, the forest belt is multilayer mingled tight type combined with evergreen tree-color leaf tree-fragrance tree, the multilayer mingled tight forest has three layers, the upper layer is arbor, wherein, the height of the upper layer is larger than 10 meters and the shade density of the upper layer is 80-85%; the middle layer is microphanerophytes and large shrub, wherein, the height of the middle layer is 3-4.5 meters and the shade density of the middle layer is 60-75%; and the lower layer is shade enduring dwarf shrub and flowering ground cover, wherein, the shade density of the lower layer is 90-95%. The invention has simple method, lower cost and convenient building, weakens the noise which is caused by semitropics urban highway linear sound source, has higher sight and recreation function, and realizes the target of landscape ecology integration for reducing the noise.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ecological environment design field, specifically a kind of method that makes up subtropical zone civic landscape type highway noise isolation woods.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of domestic economy, the raising day by day of town dweller's living standard, the consumption figure of automobile is soaring significantly.According to " the national economy and social development statistical communique in 2008 " of State Statistics Bureau's in February, 2009 issue, national motor vehicles for civilian use recoverable amount reaches 6,467 ten thousand, increases by 13.5% than the end of last year, and wherein the private car recoverable amount is 4,173 ten thousand, increases by 18.1%.Estimate the year two thousand twenty, national automobile pollution will reach 1.2 hundred million.A large amount of automobiles is exercised on highway, has brought the severe noise pollution.People's work and rest, sleep are gently then disturbed, influenced in the harm of noise, and be heavy then people's hearing and central nervous system are suffered damage.
Traffic noise is main ambient noise source, is a kind of line source.Improvement for traffic noise mainly is by the sound source control, cuts off the route of transmission and started with by three aspects of sound point protection.Administer from the route of transmission, common improvement method comprises builds sound barrier and plantation noise control woods.Because sound barrier is because cost is higher, under the little situation of noise reduction aim parameter, it is the most economical method of generally acknowledging that the development greening brings the reduction noise pollution.Simultaneously, raising along with people's educational level and spiritual demand, generally visual sense of beauty there has been higher requirement, make up a kind of forest belt that has ecology, view concurrently and stroll about or have a rest and combine---landscape type noise isolation woods, the ecosystem service functions such as noise reduction in forest belt both can have been brought into play, can increase simultaneously the visual sense of beauty degree in forest belt again, alleviate driver's visual fatigue.Therefore, make up landscape type noise isolation woods, have application promise in clinical practice.Although greenbelt can become effective barrier of air-isolation acoustic propagation unlike solid wall, trees have dense branches and leaves, and are stronger than coarse wall acoustical absorptivity, can reduce the reflection of sound.When noise passed through trees, the pore on leaf surface and coarse hair absorbed a part of acoustic energy, especially can isolate the vehicle noise of high frequency.Again because trees have scattering process to sound wave,, sound wave is weakened and fade away by branches and leaves swings.Branches and leaves absorb acoustic energy and are converted into the vibration of leaf by air molecular kinetic energy in the sound field, and therefore, a vibrational energy part of separating from acoustic energy is scattered and disappeared because of the friction of branches and leaves changes heat energy into.
Because the sound barrier cost is higher, under the little situation of noise reduction aim parameter, it is the most economical method of generally acknowledging that the development greening brings the reduction noise pollution.Simultaneously, raising along with people's educational level and spiritual demand, generally visual sense of beauty there has been higher requirement, make up a kind of forest belt that has ecology, view concurrently and stroll about or have a rest and combine---landscape type noise isolation woods, the ecosystem service functions such as noise reduction in forest belt both can have been brought into play, can increase simultaneously the visual sense of beauty degree in forest belt again, alleviate driver's visual fatigue.Therefore, make up landscape type noise isolation woods, have application promise in clinical practice.
Through prior art retrieval is found, Zhao Jianqiang is in " highway communication and environmental protection ", and (People's Transportation Press, 2002) have introduced the design guidance in highway noise control forest belt; Liu Yujie, auspicious duckweed and Yu Kongjian have briefly introduced the effect of noise isolation band in " landscape architect's pocket book " (China Construction Industry Press, 2002); Xing Shangjun, Song Yumin, Zhang Jianfeng and Duan Chunhua have inquired into the influence to noise attentuation of forest belt width and canopy density in " the expressway greening band is to the research of the attenuating of traffic noise " (ecological environment, 16,1).Above-mentioned introduction and study limitation all do not provide the construction process of a concrete noise isolation woods at aspects such as the effect of noise isolation band, width, canopy density, more lack the research of landscape type noise isolation woods.In further retrieving, find identical with theme of the present invention or similar bibliographical information as yet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of method that subtropical zone civic landscape type highway noise is isolated woods that makes up at the deficiencies in the prior art, it not only can play the effect of decay to the noise that subtropical zone municipal highway line source causes, and visual sense of beauty is good, noise reduction is remarkable, has realized a kind of landscape ecological of noise and forest belt of strolling about or have a rest and combining of reducing.
The concrete technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of method that makes up subtropical zone civic landscape type highway noise isolation woods, characteristics are that the isolation woods is low banded forest belts, middle high both sides, its section is outer low and inner high symmetrical structure, and the forest belt width is greater than 30 meters, and height is greater than 10 meters, apart from 6～15 meters on highway, the multiple layer that the forest belt combines for " evergreen-look leaf-fragrance " mixes hands over tight type, and multiple layer mixes and hands over tight forest belt is three layers, and the upper strata is an arbor, highly〉10 meters, canopy density 80～85%; The middle level is dungarunga and big shrub, 3～4.5 meters of height, canopy density 60～75%; Lower floor is anti-shady undershrub and the ground cover plant that blooms, canopy density 90～95%.
Described upper strata arbor is evergreen class arbor, look leaf class arbor, fragrance class arbor is mixed hands over, and it mixes quantity ratio of handing over and presses evergreen class arbor: look leaf class arbor: fragrance class arbor=6: 2: 2.
Described middle level dungarunga and big shrub are evergreen class shrub, look leaf class shrub, fragrance class shrub is mixed hands over, and its mixed quantity of handing over is than pressing evergreen class shrub: look leaf class shrub: fragrance class shrub=2: 4: 4.
Anti-shady undershrub of described lower floor and the ground cover plant that blooms, its quantity are compared by anti-shady undershrub: the ground cover plant that blooms=2: 8.
The anti-shady undershrub of described lower floor is evergreen class shrub, look leaf class shrub, fragrance class shrub is mixed hands over, and it mixes quantity ratio of handing over and presses evergreen class shrub: look leaf class shrub: fragrance class shrub=3: 3: 4.
The multiple layer that described " evergreen-look leaf-fragrance " combines mixes to be handed in the tight type forest belt, and evergreen class arbor comprises: cdear, wide yulan, fragrant camphor tree, glossy privet, Elaeocarpus decipiens, equal proportion plantation; Arbor comprises look leaf class: metasequoia, Chinese tallow tree, ginkgo, China tree, soapberry, equal proportion plantation; Arbor comprises the fragrance class: Luan Shu, Michelia maudiae, silk tree, locust tree, kiri, equal proportion plantation.
The multiple layer that described " evergreen-look leaf-fragrance " combines mixes to be handed in the tight type forest belt, and evergreen class shrub comprises: Distylium racemosum, sweet viburnum, podocarpus, another name for Sichuan Province juniper, cypress, Chinese holly, equal proportion plantation; Look leaf class shrub comprises: trident maple, Acer palmatum, red maple, bedleaf cherry plum, mountain hemp stalk, equal proportion plantation; Fragrance class shrub comprises: cloves, cotton rose, the rose of Sharon, oriental cherry, plum, oleander, equal proportion plantation.
The multiple layer that described " evergreen-look leaf-fragrance " combines mixes to be handed in the tight type forest belt, and evergreen class shrub comprises: peach jaurel, Fatsia japonica, Huang Xin, thorny elaeagnus, pittosporum tobira, equal proportion plantation; Shrub comprises look leaf class: safflower continue wood, photinia glabra, gold leaf glossy privet, purple leaf barberry, nandina, equal proportion plantation; Shrub comprises the fragrance class: cercis, brocade band, spun gold peach, Reeves spiraea, kerria, hydrangea, crape myrtle, equal proportion plantation.
Described " evergreen-look leaf-fragrance " combines, and multiple layer mixes hands in the tight type forest belt, and the ground cover plant that blooms comprises: the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, iris, spend clover, safflower cuckooflower, Chinese violet, jade hairpin, green onion orchid in vain, the equal proportion plantation.
The inventive method is simple, cost is lower, be easy to build, be suitable for promoting in the city, subtropical zone, be particularly useful for Chinese Yangtze River Delta Region city, the civic landscape type highway noise that makes up is isolated woods, the ecosystem service functions such as noise reduction in forest belt both can have been brought into play, can increase simultaneously the visual sense of beauty degree in forest belt again, alleviate driver's visual fatigue, especially the noise that subtropical zone municipal highway line source is caused has significant attenuation, and has higher view and recreation function, realizes reducing the integrated target of landscape ecological of noise.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by following specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Long 1000 meters one of the new highway one side structure of Songjiang District, Shanghai leaf, wide 35 meters landscape type noise isolation woods, isolate woods apart from 8 meters on highway, the multiple layer that the forest belt combines for " evergreen-look leaf-fragrance " mixes hands over tight type, multiple layer mixes and hands over tight forest belt is three layers, the upper strata is an arbor, highly〉10 meters, and canopy density 80%; The middle level is dungarunga and big shrub, 3～4.5 meters of height, canopy density 70%; Lower floor is anti-shady undershrub and the ground cover plant that blooms, canopy density 90%.
The upper strata arbor is evergreen class arbor, look leaf class arbor, fragrance class arbor is mixed hands over its evergreen class arbor: look leaf class arbor: fragrance class arbor=6: 2: 2 (quantity ratio).Evergreen class arbor is cdear, fragrant camphor tree, glossy privet, Elaeocarpus decipiens, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Look leaf class arbor is metasequoia, Chinese tallow tree, China tree, soapberry, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Fragrance class arbor is Luan Shu, Michelia maudiae, silk tree, locust tree, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio).
Middle level dungarunga and big shrub are evergreen class shrub, look leaf class shrub, fragrance class shrub is mixed hands over its evergreen class shrub: look leaf class shrub: fragrance class shrub=2: 4: 4 (quantity ratio).Evergreen class shrub is Distylium racemosum, sweet viburnum, cypress, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Look leaf class shrub is trident maple, Acer palmatum, red maple, bedleaf cherry plum, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Fragrance class shrub is cloves, cotton rose, oriental cherry, oleander, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio).
Lower floor is that anti-shady undershrub and the ground cover plant that blooms mix and hand over, its anti-shady undershrub: the ground cover plant that blooms=2: 8 (quantity ratio), anti-shady undershrub is evergreen class shrub, look leaf class shrub, fragrance class shrub, its evergreen class shrub: look leaf class shrub: fragrance class shrub=3: 3: 4 (quantity ratio).Evergreen class shrub is peach jaurel, Fatsia japonica, Huang Xin, pittosporum tobira, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Look leaf class shrub is continue wood, gold leaf glossy privet, a purple leaf barberry of safflower, with equal proportion plantation (quantity than); Fragrance class shrub is cercis, spun gold peach, hydrangea, crape myrtle, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); The ground cover plant that blooms is the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, iris, spends clover, jade hairpin, green onion orchid in vain, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio).
The foregoing description is measured through digital type noise device, and the greening decay of noise can reach 10% in summer, reaches 7% winter; Simultaneously by to the driver and the peripheral masses' survey, the view satisfaction in forest belt is reached more than 95%, reached the effect that reduces traffic noise and strengthen visual sense of beauty.
Embodiment 2
Long 1500 meters one of Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province rosy clouds visitor main road one side structure, wide 40 meters landscape type noise isolation woods, isolate woods apart from 10 meters on highway, the multiple layer that the forest belt combines for " evergreen-look leaf-fragrance " mixes hands over tight type, multiple layer mixes and hands over tight forest belt is three layers, the upper strata is an arbor, highly〉10 meters, and canopy density 85%; The middle level is dungarunga and big shrub, 3～4.5 meters of height, canopy density 75%; Lower floor is anti-shady undershrub and the ground cover plant that blooms, canopy density 95%.
The upper strata arbor is evergreen class arbor, look leaf class arbor, fragrance class arbor is mixed hands over its evergreen class arbor: look leaf class arbor: fragrance class arbor=6: 2: 2 (quantity ratio).Evergreen class arbor is cdear, wide yulan, fragrant camphor tree, glossy privet, Elaeocarpus decipiens, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Look leaf class arbor is metasequoia, Chinese tallow tree, China tree, soapberry, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Fragrance class arbor is Luan Shu, silk tree, locust tree, kiri, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio).
Middle level dungarunga and big shrub are evergreen class shrub, look leaf class shrub, fragrance class shrub is mixed hands over its evergreen class shrub: look leaf class shrub: fragrance class shrub=2: 4: 4 (quantity ratio).Evergreen class shrub is Distylium racemosum, sweet viburnum, podocarpus, another name for Sichuan Province juniper, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Look leaf class shrub is trident maple, Acer palmatum, red maple, bedleaf cherry plum, mountain hemp stalk, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Fragrance class shrub is cloves, cotton rose, the rose of Sharon, oriental cherry, oleander, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio).
Lower floor is that anti-shady undershrub and the ground cover plant that blooms mix and hand over, its anti-shady undershrub: the ground cover plant that blooms=2: 8 (quantity ratio), anti-shady undershrub is evergreen class shrub, look leaf class shrub, fragrance class shrub, its evergreen class shrub: look leaf class shrub: fragrance class shrub=3: 3: 4 (quantity ratio).Evergreen class shrub is peach jaurel, Fatsia japonica, Huang Xin, thorny elaeagnus, pittosporum tobira, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Look leaf class shrub is continue wood, photinia glabra, purple leaf barberry, a nandina of safflower, with equal proportion plantation (quantity than); Fragrance class shrub is cercis, bright and beautiful band, Reeves spiraea, kerria, hydrangea, crape myrtle, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); The ground cover plant that blooms is the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, iris, safflower cuckooflower, jade hairpin, green onion orchid, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio).
The foregoing description is measured through digital type noise device, and the greening decay of noise can reach 14% in summer, reaches 9% winter; Simultaneously by to the driver and the peripheral masses' survey, the view satisfaction in forest belt is reached more than 98%, reached the effect that reduces traffic noise and strengthen visual sense of beauty.
Embodiment 3
Long 1200 meters one of Liang Feng road, Zhangjagang City, Jiangsu Province one side structure, wide 35 meters landscape type noise isolation woods, isolate woods apart from 9 meters on highway, the multiple layer that the forest belt combines for " evergreen-look leaf-fragrance " mixes hands over tight type, multiple layer mixes and hands over tight forest belt is three layers, the upper strata is an arbor, highly〉10 meters, and canopy density 80%; The middle level is dungarunga and big shrub, 3～4.5 meters of height, canopy density 65%; Lower floor is anti-shady undershrub and the ground cover plant that blooms, canopy density 90%.
The upper strata arbor is evergreen class arbor, look leaf class arbor, fragrance class arbor is mixed hands over its evergreen class arbor: look leaf class arbor: fragrance class arbor=6: 2: 2 (quantity ratio).Evergreen class arbor is cdear, wide yulan, fragrant camphor tree, glossy privet, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Look leaf class arbor is metasequoia, ginkgo, China tree, soapberry, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Fragrance class arbor is silk tree, locust tree, kiri, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio).
Middle level dungarunga and big shrub are evergreen class shrub, look leaf class shrub, fragrance class shrub is mixed hands over its evergreen class shrub: look leaf class shrub: fragrance class shrub=2: 4: 4 (quantity ratio).Evergreen class shrub is sweet viburnum, podocarpus, another name for Sichuan Province juniper, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Look leaf class shrub is Acer palmatum, red maple, bedleaf cherry plum, mountain hemp stalk, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Fragrance class shrub is cotton rose, the rose of Sharon, oriental cherry, plum, oleander, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio).
Lower floor is that anti-shady undershrub and the ground cover plant that blooms mix and hand over, its anti-shady undershrub: the ground cover plant that blooms=2: 8 (quantity ratio), anti-shady undershrub is evergreen class shrub, look leaf class shrub, fragrance class shrub, its evergreen class shrub: look leaf class shrub: fragrance class shrub=3: 3: 4 (quantity ratio).Evergreen class shrub is peach jaurel, Fatsia japonica, Huang Xin, pittosporum tobira, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Look leaf class shrub is photinia glabra, gold leaf glossy privet, purple leaf barberry, nandina, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); Fragrance class shrub is spun gold peach, Reeves spiraea, kerria, hydrangea, crape myrtle, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio); The ground cover plant that blooms is the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, spends clover, Chinese violet, jade hairpin, green onion orchid in vain, with equal proportion plantation (quantity ratio).
The foregoing description is measured through digital type noise device, and the greening decay of noise can reach 12% in summer, reaches 8% winter; Simultaneously by to the driver and the peripheral masses' survey, the view satisfaction in forest belt is reached more than 96%, reached the effect that reduces traffic noise and strengthen visual sense of beauty.
More than each embodiment just the present invention will be further described, be not in order to restriction patent of the present invention, allly implement for the present invention's equivalence, all should be contained within the claim scope of patent of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of method that makes up subtropical zone civic landscape type highway noise isolation woods, it is characterized in that isolating woods is low banded forest belts, middle high both sides, its section is outer low and inner high symmetrical structure, and the forest belt width is greater than 30 meters, and height is greater than 10 meters, apart from 6～15 meters on highway, the multiple layer that the forest belt combines for " evergreen-look leaf-fragrance " mixes hands over tight type, and multiple layer mixes and hands over tight forest belt is three layers, and the upper strata is an arbor, highly〉10 meters, canopy density 80～85%; The middle level is dungarunga and big shrub, 3～4.5 meters of height, canopy density 60～75%; Lower floor is anti-shady undershrub and the ground cover plant that blooms, canopy density 90～95%.
The method of 2, isolating woods according to the described structure of claim 1 subtropical zone civic landscape type highway noise, it is characterized in that described upper strata arbor is evergreen class arbor, look leaf class arbor, the mixed friendship of fragrance class arbor, it mixes quantity ratio of handing over and presses evergreen class arbor: look leaf class arbor: fragrance class arbor=6:2:2.
The method of 3, isolating woods according to the described structure of claim 1 subtropical zone civic landscape type highway noise, it is characterized in that described middle level dungarunga and big shrub are evergreen class shrub, look leaf class shrub, the mixed friendship of fragrance class shrub, its mixed quantity of handing over is than pressing evergreen class shrub: look leaf class shrub: fragrance class shrub=2:4:4.
4, isolate the method for woods according to the described structure of claim 1 subtropical zone civic landscape type highway noise, it is characterized in that anti-shady undershrub of described lower floor and the ground cover plant that blooms, its quantity compares by anti-shady undershrub: the ground cover plant=2:8 of blooming.
5, the method for isolating woodss according to claim 1 or 4 described structure subtropical zone civic landscape type highway noises, it is characterized in that the anti-shady undershrub of described lower floor is evergreen class shrub, look leaf class shrub, the mixed friendship of fragrance class shrub, it mixes quantity ratio of handing over and presses evergreen class shrub: look leaf class shrub: fragrance class shrub=3:3:4.
6, the method for isolating woodss according to claim 1 or 2 described structure subtropical zone civic landscape type highway noises, it is characterized in that the multiple layer that described " evergreen-look leaf-fragrance " combines mixes in the friendship tight type forest belt, evergreen class arbor comprises: cdear, wide yulan, fragrant camphor tree, glossy privet, Elaeocarpus decipiens, equal proportion plantation; Arbor comprises look leaf class: metasequoia, Chinese tallow tree, ginkgo, China tree, soapberry, equal proportion plantation; Arbor comprises the fragrance class: Luan Shu, Michelia maudiae, silk tree, locust tree, kiri, equal proportion plantation.
7, the method for isolating woodss according to claim 1 or 3 described structure subtropical zone civic landscape type highway noises, it is characterized in that the multiple layer that described " evergreen-look leaf-fragrance " combines mixes in the friendship tight type forest belt, evergreen class shrub comprises: Distylium racemosum, sweet viburnum, podocarpus, another name for Sichuan Province juniper, cypress, Chinese holly, equal proportion plantation; Look leaf class shrub comprises: trident maple, Acer palmatum, red maple, bedleaf cherry plum, mountain hemp stalk, equal proportion plantation; Fragrance class shrub comprises: cloves, cotton rose, the rose of Sharon, oriental cherry, plum, oleander, equal proportion plantation.
8, the method for isolating woodss according to claim 1 or 5 described structure subtropical zone civic landscape type highway noises, it is characterized in that the multiple layer that described " evergreen-look leaf-fragrance " combines mixes in the friendship tight type forest belt, evergreen class shrub comprises: peach jaurel, Fatsia japonica, Huang Xin, thorny elaeagnus, pittosporum tobira, equal proportion plantation; Shrub comprises look leaf class: safflower continue wood, photinia glabra, gold leaf glossy privet, purple leaf barberry, nandina, equal proportion plantation; Shrub comprises the fragrance class: cercis, brocade band, spun gold peach, Reeves spiraea, kerria, hydrangea, crape myrtle, equal proportion plantation.
9, the method for isolating woodss according to claim 1 or 4 described structure subtropical zone civic landscape type highway noises, it is characterized in that the multiple layer that described " evergreen-look leaf-fragrance " combines mixes in the friendship tight type forest belt, the ground cover plant that blooms comprises: the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, iris, spend clover, safflower cuckooflower, Chinese violet, jade hairpin, green onion orchid in vain, the equal proportion plantation.
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| CN103046491A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-04-17 | 江苏省城市规划设计研究院 | Greening isolation belt for reducing road noise in subtropical area |
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| FR2872381B1 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2007-12-07 | Canevaflor Soc Par Actions Sim | STRUCTURE FOR VEGETABLE WALL |
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| CN103046491A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-04-17 | 江苏省城市规划设计研究院 | Greening isolation belt for reducing road noise in subtropical area |
| CN103046491B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2015-02-25 | 江苏省城市规划设计研究院 | Greening isolation belt for reducing road noise in subtropical area |
| CN105165523A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-23 | 福建省春天园林工程有限公司 | Road greening isolation belt nursery-grown plant ecological supporting method |
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