Background technology
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber also claims superelevation mode polyethylene fiber or extended chain fiber, is meant that relative molecular mass is in (1~6) * 10
6Polyethylene, the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene of after spinning-super drawing, making (UHMWPE) fiber.It is the third generation high-performance fiber after carbon fiber, Kevlar (aramid fiber) fiber.Polyethylene fiber reinforced compound material is compared with other fibre reinforced composites, has light weight, shock-resistant, dielectric properties advantages of higher, is bringing into play very important effect in fields such as modernized war and Aero-Space, marine site defence, weaponrys.Simultaneously, this fiber also has broad application prospects in fields such as automobile, boats and ships, medicine equipment, athletic sports appliances.Therefore, polyethylene fiber is just extremely paid attention to from coming out, and develops very fast.
Preparation at present adopts laminating method to prepare polyethylene fiber reinforced compound material usually, through following processing step: the preparation of no latitude cloth-no latitude cloth is laminated into type-typing of fibre reinforced composites.No latitude cloth (UD cloth) claims unidirectional cloth or warp-wise cloth again, is meant matrix resin is coated on the unidirectional fibre, makes thin cloth through super-dry then.Compare with the longitude and latitude woven, no latitude cloth has been avoided interweaving of filling yarn, and crimping bending repeatedly can not take place fiber, therefore can not reduce the original mechanical property of fiber; In addition, the space appears in the longitude and latitude place of interweaving easily, influences composite property, and not having latitude cloth then is that fiber is arranged in parallel, so composite can be inherited the mechanical property of fiber to the full extent.
No latitude cloth technology laminated into type is meant does not have multilayer the thin cloth of latitude first one-step forming under certain temperature and pressure as required, and each interlayer fiber thin cloth lamination angle requires to be (0/90 °) with performance
n, (0 °)
n, (0/+45 °/-45 °/90 °)
nEtc. multiple distribution.No latitude cloth carry out laminated into type after, carry out again one the step cure under pressure make fibre reinforced composites.No latitude cloth technology laminated into type is for final composite property important influence, temperature and pressure during lamination is two important parameters of no latitude cloth technology laminated into type, in the lamination process, matrix resin is heated between vitrification point and the fusing point, then cooling forming.
At present, the method for preparing polyethylene fiber reinforced compound material of domestic comparative maturity is generally manual operations, and size does not as required have latitude cloth with multilayer and is placed in the mould hot-formingly, and this mode of production major defect is exactly that production efficiency is lower.
Consider the characteristics of polyethylene fiber laminating technology, the inventor considers can be by providing the pressure roller of a rotation, and backing roll that a surface is provided below pressure roller is elastomeric material and lowering or hoisting gear that backing roll is moved up and down, backing roll can keep-up pressure with pressure roller under the effect of lowering or hoisting gear and contact; And heater be set in pressure roller make the roller surface temperature be elevated to the temperature that the polyethylene fiber laminating technology needs, will not have then latitude cloth continuous pass through pressure roller and backing roll extrusion forming, just can prepare the polyethylene fiber laminated cloth continuously.
Because polyethylene fiber laminated cloth briquetting pressure reaches as high as 10MPa, therefore common hollow pressure roller is under the effect of backing roll pressure, and deflection deformation takes place the roller wall easily.When continuous preparation polyethylene fiber laminated cloth, need keep pressure everywhere evenly, the hollow pressure roller that deflection deformation is big obviously can influence the technology stability of preparation polyethylene fiber laminated cloth, causes that performance is inhomogeneous everywhere.
Therefore, need a kind of pressure roller that can be used in preparation polyethylene fiber laminated cloth, when preparing the polyethylene fiber laminated cloth continuously, this pressure roller is not easy to take place deflection deformation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is, provides a kind of can be used in that polyethylene fiber reinforced compound material is carried out pressure roller laminated into type.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of pressure roller that is used to prepare polyethylene fiber reinforced compound material, comprise an axle and be enclosed within outside the axle and and keep concentric roller with axle, the two ends of described axle and roller are located by connecting by first disc that is symmetrically distributed in the roller two ends and second disc respectively and form hollow region in the roller, in described hollow region, be provided with heater, it is characterized in that described first disc and second disc are connected to roller inside to the roller intermediate, inclined.
Preferably, described hollow region is the closed area.
Preferably, described first disc and metal shaft angulation are 40 °~70 °.
Preferably, described pressure roller also comprises the temperature measuring equipment of measuring roller drum surface temperature.
Preferably, described temperature measuring equipment comprises the temperature measuring head that keeps sliding-contact with roller surface.
Preferably, the heater in the described pressure roller can be light heating tube device.
Preferably, the hollow roller of described pressure roller is a stainless steel smooth roll tube.
Preferably, described infrared heating device comprises that some axles with pressure roller are the heating tube of center circumferential array distribution.
Preferably, the quantity of described calandria is 2 to 20.
According to the present invention, when using pressure roller provided by the invention to prepare polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloth, a backing roll need be set below pressure roller, keep-up pressure with pressure roller by the lifting backing roll and to contact, drive no latitude cloth and backing roll motion by the rotation pressure roller then, can prepare polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloth continuously.
General preparation polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloth will apply the pressure of 0.5MPa~10MPa and carry out laminating technology under 50 ℃~80 ℃ temperature, therefore need provide the steel rider of sufficient intensity to carry out laminating technology.In addition, also need in pressure roller, be set to its surface heated heater, when carrying out laminating technology,, need provide the enough big pressure roller of radius to guarantee that pressure roller and polyethylene fiber strengthen the contact area of no latitude cloth in order to guarantee enough heating and pressing time.Therefore, the preferred wall thickness of the present invention is that 20mm~50mm, diameter are that 350mm~450mm, length are the hollow steel rider of 1200mm~2200mm.
In order to reduce the deflection deformation that the hollow pressure roller produces under the pressure effect of backing roll, make no latitude cloth be subjected to uniform pressure everywhere.Pressure roller provided by the invention, the two ends of its hollow roller and axle are located by connecting by first disc that is symmetrically distributed in the roller two ends and second disc respectively and form hollow region in the roller, and first disc and second disc tilt to be connected to roller inside in roller.Because first disc and second disc are close in the middle of roller to the fulcrum of roller, reduced its load that produces deflection deformation that makes that acts on the roller wall, therefore can effectively reduce the deflection deformation of roller.And, by two disc that become 40 °~70 ° of angles with metal shaft are provided, can also play firm supporting role, therefore pressure roller provided by the invention can effectively reduce the deflection deformation that the hollow pressure roller produces, and makes its deflection deformation be unlikely to influence the performance of laminated cloth.
Pressure roller on the compounding machine of preparation polyethylene fiber reinforced compound material provided by the invention is applicable to continuous preparation polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloth.The present invention can reduce the deflection deformation of pressure roller roller, the uniform polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloth of processability effectively by hollow roller and the axle that connects pressure roller to the oblique symmetrical disc of the hollow roller introversion of pressure roller is provided.The present invention is by providing light heating tube device in the hollow pressure roller, can be effectively, uniformly the hollow roller surface is heated the laminating technology of stable preparation polyethylene fiber laminated cloth.
The specific embodiment
The invention provides the pressure roller on a kind of compounding machine for preparing polyethylene fiber reinforced compound material, below the specific embodiment that is used to prepare the pressure roller of polyethylene fiber reinforced compound material provided by the invention is described with embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the schematic diagram of the compounding machine that pressure roller that the schematic diagram of the pressure roller on the compounding machine of the preparation polyethylene fiber reinforced compound material that Fig. 1 provides for first embodiment of the invention, Fig. 2 provide for present embodiment and backing roll constitute.The pressure roller 101 that present embodiment provides comprises that a length is that 1800mm, diameter are the axle 101a of 80mm, and overlapping diameter in the outside of axle 101a is that 400mm, wall thickness are that 25mm, length are the hollow roller 101b of 1400mm.Hollow roller 101b and axle 101a level with one heart are installed on the falsework.
Hollow roller 101b and axle 101a are the first disc 101c of 20mm and the second disc 101d by the thickness that is symmetrically distributed in the roller two ends and are located by connecting and form hollow region in the roller, the first disc 101c and the second disc 101d tilt to be connected to roller inside in roller, the length of two sections 135mm is respectively reserved at the angle at 45 with axle at the roller two ends.In order to guarantee the fineness quality on laminated cloth surface, the hollow roller is made for the stainless steel smooth roll.
When continuous preparation polyethylene fiber laminated cloth, present embodiment below pressure roller, provide one can lifting level install, diameter is the backing roll 102 of 400mm, axle line backing roll and pressure roller keeps vertically.In order to increase the contact area of backing roll 102 and pressure roller, the backing roll surface is that the hard elastic rubber of 25mm is made by thickness.For being keep-uped pressure when the prepared layer compress, backing roll 102 and pressure roller contact, further be provided with the hydraulic means (not shown) that makes the backing roll lifting, hydraulic means comprises two hydraulic cylinders that are used to be connected 102 two ends of backing roll, and two hydraulic cylinders are by same hydraulic pump drive.Thereby hydraulic pump promotes the two ends of supporting roller synchronously to keep-up pressure backing roll 102 abreast and contacts by two hydraulic cylinders of driven in synchronism with pressure roller 101.In addition, also provide the drive unit (not shown) that drives the pressure roller rotation in the present embodiment.
During preparation polyethylene fiber laminated cloth, the adhesive of no latitude cloth is heated and solidifies, therefore present embodiment is provided with light heating tube device 103 in the hollow region of hollow roller and disc formation, thereby optical heating device strengthens no latitude cloth by heating hollow roller heating polyethylene fiber.Because the light heating has advantages such as temperature control is good, heating is fast, and because light heating pair roller barrel is the form of irradiated heat, therefore helping the pair roller barrel carries out uniform heating, the stabilized zone compression technology.The optical heating device that present embodiment provides comprises that six roots of sensation length is the heating tube of 1150mm, heating tube with axle 101a be the center circumferential array distribution and with the distance of roller inwall be 20mm.
Because preparation polyethylene fiber laminated cloth is a process of carrying out continuously, present embodiment provides the temperature measuring equipment of a measuring roller drum surface temperature, temperature measuring equipment comprises that one keeps the temperature measuring head 104 of sliding-contact with the roller outer surface, temperature measuring equipment can be monitored the roller surface temperature in real time, key-course compression technology temperature.
According to the present invention, by providing to the oblique disc support hollow roller of hollow roller introversion, the load that backing roll acts on the hollow roller barrel is divided into three parts by the fulcrum of two disc, as shown in fig. 1, arrow represents that backing roll acts on the load on the hollow roller, only be positioned at the middle payload segment of disc and make roller wall generation deflection deformation, and the load at disc two ends also plays certain counteracting and inhibition for intermediate cycling load, therefore can reduce the trend of hollow roller generation deflection deformation effectively.
Though when moving on to roller in to the fulcrum of roller disc, can provide square with the axis disc to connect hollow roller and axle, but, therefore the invention provides the oblique disc of hollow roller introversion and connect hollow roller and axle owing to will in limited hollow roller space, reserve enough spaces for heater.And disc will become suitable angle with axle 101a, and among the present invention, it is 40 °~70 ° that disc becomes the angle with axle, and when becoming the angle too big, fulcrum is more outer, and the effect that suppresses roller generation deflection deformation is not obvious; Become the angle too hour, be unfavorable for installing heater.
Present embodiment is that 0 °/90 °/0 °/90 ° four layers of polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloths are example with preparation fiber alignment direction, specify the working method of pressure roller provided by the invention when the preparation polyethylene fiber strengthens no latitude cloth, present embodiment does not have that polyethylene fiber intensity is 2.5d greater than 35g/d, fiber number in the latitude cloth, adhesive is KRATON D-1107, preparation process according to the following steps:
1) the relieving end with the first no latitude cloth is placed between pressure roller 101 and the backing roll 102;
2) open the backing roll lowering or hoisting gear, make between backing roll 102 and the pressure roller 101 to keep the pressure of 2MPa to contact, the heater of unlatching pressure roller 101 makes roller surface be warmed up to 65 ℃;
3) the second no latitude cloth is cut into the square of the length of side for equating with the first no latitude cloth width, several second no latitude cloth of reducing are placed on the first no latitude cloth successively, continuously, and the fiber alignment direction of the second no latitude cloth is vertical with the fiber alignment direction of the first no latitude cloth;
4) open drive unit and make pressure roller 101 rotations, under the effect of frictional force, pressure roller 101 drives backing roll 102 and two-layer no latitude cloth motion, the matrix resin thermoplastic, under pressure roller and the effect of backing roll pressure, two-layer no latitude cloth is combined with each other, after no latitude cloth leaves pressure roller and backing roll, matrix resin is cooled, and typing obtains first laminated cloth then;
5) with preparation first polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloth identical prepared second polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloth;
7) first polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloth and second polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloth are placed between pressure roller 101 and the backing roll 102, first polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloth is pressed in above the second polyethylene fiber laminated cloth, and first polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloth is vertical with fiber alignment direction in the contacted no latitude cloth of second polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloth, and four layers of no latitude cloth is that 0 °/90 °/0 °/90 ° mode is arranged according to the fiber alignment direction;
8) open hydraulic means, make between backing roll 102 and the pressure roller 101 to keep the pressure of 3MPa to contact, the heater of unlatching pressure roller 102 makes roller surface be warmed up to 75 ℃.
9) open drive unit, drive pressure roller 101 rotations, under the effect of frictional force, pressure roller drives two laminated cloths and backing roll motion, and matrix resin is by pressure roller thermoplastic or fusing, under the pressure effect of pressure roller and backing roll, two laminated cloths are combined with each other, and after laminated cloth left pressure roller and backing roll, matrix resin was cooled, typing then obtains four layers of fiber alignment mode and is (0/90 °)
2The 3rd laminated cloth;
Above-mentioned the 3rd polyethylene fiber reinforced laminated cloth is placed in the hot pressing die, is warming up to 95 ℃, be forced into 10MPa, kept the mould constant temperature and pressure 18 minutes, obtain four layers of arrangement mode and be (0/90 °)
2, surface density is 241g/m
2Polyethylene fiber strengthens Compound Fabric.
The pancake part is made in above-mentioned 15 layers of polyethylene fiber-reinforced composite cloth stack, when being subjected to 9mmFMJ type bullet (8g) impact, V
50〉=408m/s.
According to the present invention, described hydraulic means is to be used to drive unit that backing roll is moved up and down, also can be drive units such as air pressure.Described herein no latitude cloth, laminated cloth all refer to the composite made by polyethylene fiber peacekeeping adhesive, described adhesive can be the mixed solvent type adhesive of polystyrene triblock copolymer body or hydrogenated polystyrene triblock copolymer body, for example KRATON D-1107, KRATON D-1161 KRATON G-1650 or KRATON G-1651 can be, industrial naptha, benzene, toluene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, hexane, cyclohexane, diethyl ether, methyl-isobutyl ether, ethyl acetate etc. can be for adhesive solvent.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.