A kind of high efficiency method and device thereof of removing leaves from sweet sorghum straws
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly produce in the alcohol fuel process, can remove leaves from sweet sorghum straws in enormous quantities, be beneficial to increase substantially the device of fuel ethanol production efficient at sweet sorghum stalk.Specifically be a kind of high efficiency method and device thereof of removing leaves from sweet sorghum straws.
Background technology
Current, utilize sweet sorghum stalk to make in the alcohol fuel process, a difficult problem that runs into is the problem of sweet sorghum stalk disleaf difficulty.The trouble that the stripping leaf does not bring to fuel ethanol production only has three: one, though leaf weight only accounts for 20~30% of complete stool, volume almost reaches 50%.Process together if connect leaf, in links such as subsequent delivery, heating, fermentations, the energy consumption multiplication, production efficiency reduces by half.The 2nd, leaf does not contain sugar, but contains large quantity of moisture, and a large amount of leaves mixes, and sugar in fermentation materials is reduced, and as sweet sorghum juice sag 18, after the band leaf was pulverized, the juice sag had only 9, increased cost for follow-up distillation.The 3rd, leaf contains a large amount of assorted bacterium, after leaf mixes, increases the sterilization difficulty, causes the fermentation failure easily.Therefore, disleaf is very important for the sweet sorghum production alcohol fuel.
But the stripping leaf machine of producing now all designs by " straight disleaf method ", structure is very complicated, is out of order the cost height easily, efficient is low, and in actual application, or disleaf is unclean, output is not enough, and thinner stalk can't be handled, thicker stalk, when running into more aerial root, can't pass through, can not satisfy the production in enormous quantities needs substantially, can't play a role aborning, cause waste to the investor.If adopt artificial stripping leaf, the actual growth of sugar grass thickness difference, efficient is very low, and it is very inconvenient to gather.Therefore, current with regard to sugar grass biomass energy industry, demand developing sugar grass disleaf device urgently, to support the development of this industry forcefully.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: for the machine construction complexity, cost height, the fault that have overcome existing sweet sorghum stalk disleaf machine " straight disleaf method " is many, the deficiency of aspect such as efficient is low provides a kind of high efficiency method and device thereof of removing leaves from sweet sorghum straws.It has simple in structure, low cost, maintenance easily, the advantage that efficient is very high.Thereby for favourable technical support has been created in sweet sorghum fuel ethanol production.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of high efficiency method of removing leaves from sweet sorghum straws, and by first road: carry operation, second road: sawed-off operation, the 3rd road: cauline leaf mixture separation circuit, the 4th road: the conveying operation of stem totally four procedures is formed:
1., first road: carry operation: with sweet sorghum stalk along and the direction that is parallel to sawing machine be placed on the driving-belt, the sweet sorghum stalk of whole bundle is transported to by driving-belt and is set in parallel in the top that is in high-order sawing machine on the driving-belt.
2., second road: sawed-off operation: be set in parallel in sawing machine top sweet sorghum stalk, by sawing machine by the spacing of the saw blade of setting by sawed-off be the cauline leaf mixture, the cauline leaf mixture is thrown the top of swash plate wind page or leaf.
3., the 3rd road: cauline leaf mixture separation circuit: the cauline leaf mixture of being thrown to the top of swash plate wind page or leaf carries out cauline leaf by fan or air-introduced machine to be separated: stem drops on the stem driving-belt, and lighter leaf is blown or carrying-off by fan.
4., the 4th road: the conveying operation of stem: drop on the stem on the stem driving-belt that is turning round, be transported to the precalculated position by the stem driving-belt.
The cauline leaf mixture length of described setting is less than 15cm.
The device of described method comprises frame, at least one stalk conveyer belt, stalk sawing machine, swash plate wind page or leaf, stem conveyer belt; Blower fan or air-introduced machine, described stalk sawing machine is arranged on the below of stalk conveyer belt end, and the width of described swash plate wind page or leaf is equal to or greater than the width of stalk sawing machine, and corresponding up and down, and described fan or air-introduced machine are arranged on a side of swash plate wind page or leaf; Described stem conveyer belt is arranged on below the swash plate wind page or leaf, and corresponding up and down with swash plate wind page or leaf.
The width of described stem conveyer belt is equal to or greater than the width of swash plate wind page or leaf.
The present invention adopts innovative technology methods such as " sawed-off method ", " blowing method ", and its technology and device are compared and had the following advantages with " straight disleaf method " its device of technology of traditional sweet sorghum stalk disleaf machine:
One, adopts " sawed-off method ", changed the thinking of conventional straight whole piece straw stem leaf-peeling, sweet sorghum stalk is connected stalk band leaf be sawn into stem together, most leaves are broken away from from stem less than 15cm.Have only when stalk section is sawed-off in sorghum stalk joint both sides, have a small amount of leaf sheath set on it, can not separate, but this situation has belonged to minority, can not influence follow-up integral production overall situation.Therefore, " sawed-off method " realized most cauline leafs separately, lays a good foundation for cauline leaf separates.Main advance of the present invention is as follows:
1, operation is simple and easy, effective, and whether the efficient height is not subjected to stalk thickness and stalk to be with aerial root to influence, and can handle sweet sorghum stalk in enormous quantities in the short period.This is that straight whole piece stripping leaf technology is beyond one's reach.Can only peel off thicker stalk as existing stripping leaf machine, thinner can't shell, and promptly enables stripping, and efficient is extremely low.And thicker stalk disleaf also can't reach ideal effect.
2, simple in structure, cheap, simple to operation, for ease of maintenaince, be fit to popular popularization.
Two, adopt " pneumatic concentration " to separate: blow with high wind and hit the mixture that stem, leaf have separated, heavier stem is difficult for being taken away by wind, and gravitate sinks, and lighter leaf in the form of sheets, taken away by wind easily, thereby footpath, leaf are separated like a cork.
Three, use swash plate wind page or leaf, one side changes the high wind of horizontal direction into and is tilted to, and the blade in the cauline leaf mixture that causes to fall and break can be hit to by blowing and separate with the stem that continues to fall.Be subjected to the obstruction of swash plate on the other hand, the cauline leaf mixture that is got off by quick impelling from the sawing machine top can not sink to the bottom moment, blows to high wind and hits the time won.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention schematic diagrames;
Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 of the present invention is to schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment
A kind of high efficiency method and device thereof of removing leaves from sweet sorghum straws, as described in Fig. 1,2, the efficient process of described removing leaves from sweet sorghum straws, be that sweet sorghum stalk by whole bundle has passed through first road: carry operation, second road: sawed-off operation, the 3rd road: cauline leaf mixture separation circuit, cauline leaf mixture separation circuit, the 4th road: behind totally four procedures, the stem of finished product is transported to the precalculated position to the conveying operation of stem.
Operation is carried in described first road: with sweet sorghum stalk along and the direction that is parallel to sawing machine 2 be placed on the driving-belt 1, the sweet sorghum stalk of whole bundle is transported to by driving-belt 1 and is set in parallel in the top that is in high-order sawing machine 2 on the driving-belt 1.
The sawed-off operation in described second road: be set in parallel in sawing machine 2 top sweet sorghum stalks, by sawing machine 2 by the spacing of the saw blade of setting by sawed-off be the cauline leaf mixture, the cauline leaf mixture is thrown the top of swash plate wind page or leaf 3.
Described the 3rd road cauline leaf mixture separation circuit: the cauline leaf mixture of being thrown to the top of swash plate wind page or leaf carries out cauline leaf by fan or air-introduced machine 6 to be separated: the stem of short stalk drops on the stem driving-belt 4, and lighter leaf is blown or carrying-off by fan 6.
The conveying operation of described stem: fall into the stem on the stem driving-belt 4 that is turning round, be transported to the precalculated position by stem driving-belt 4.
The cauline leaf mixture length of described setting is less than 15cm.
The device of described method comprises frame, two stalk conveyer belts 1, sawing machine 2, swash plate wind page or leaf 3, stem conveyer belt 4; Blower fan or air-introduced machine 6, described stalk sawing machine 2 is arranged on the below of stalk conveyer belt 1 end, the width of described swash plate wind page or leaf 3 is equal to or greater than the width of stalk sawing machine 2, and corresponding up and down, and described fan or air-introduced machine 6 are arranged on a side of swash plate wind page or leaf 3; Described stem conveyer belt 4 is arranged on below the swash plate wind page or leaf 3, and corresponding about in the of 3 with swash plate wind page or leaf.
The width of described stem conveyer belt 4 is equal to or greater than the width of swash plate wind page or leaf 3.
The course of work:
1., the sweet sorghum stalk that will put in order bundle is placed on two driving-belts 1, as shown in Figure 1 along parallel sawing machine direction.
2., sweet sorghum stalk is above arrival sawing machine 2 under the drive of driving-belt 1, with the whole free-falling of parallel sawed-off attitude, moment contacts with the saw blade that the high speed of sawing machine is rotated, press the length of 10cm immediately, the leaf belt stem is together by sawed-off, the leaf that anchors on the stem is separated, and the cauline leaf mixture that cauline leaf separates is thrown to swash plate wind page or leaf 3 tops together under the action of centrifugal force of the sawing machine of gravity and high speed rotation.
3., thrown to the cauline leaf mixture of swash plate wind page or leaf 3, the high wind of sending here at the fan 6 that is turning round blows and hits down, and heavier stem continues sinking under the gravity effect, fallen on the stem driving-belt 4, lighter leaf is blown afloat or carrying-off, and send the certain position away from swash plate wind page or leaf 3.Thereby the stem and the leaf of cauline leaf mixture are separated.
4., fall into the stem on the stem driving-belt 4 that is turning round, constantly be pulled away, and be transported to eminence, enter next process, be that continually next process carries material.
Described conveyer belt 1, wide is 2m, and long is 3.6m, is driven by roller bearing, and conveyer belt is made by adhesive tape.
Described sawing machine 2 is 2000 long * 2000 height * wide rectangle bodies of 800mm.The core is 20 with the carpenter's saw of diameter 400mm, presses the 10cm spacing, and the axle that is connected on diameter 50mm is side by side gone up formation.The V-type groove two sides of sawing machine top is the dentation plate washer, the roller seating space of the dark 20mm of the wide 5mm of 10cm at interval, from the top downwards just in time edge advance saw blade, be used for contact to be disposed across the sweet sorghum stalk of top, when the saw blade quick rotation, can be sawed-off sweet sorghum stalk in moment.
Described swash plate wind page or leaf 3 is long 80cm, wide 15cm, totally 9, the swash plate wind page or leaf of inclination angle 45 degree, as shown in Figure 2, its effect is to change the wind direction that right-hand horizontal fan direction blows, wind is blown towards left oblique upper, and the stem of the sweet sorghum stalk section that sawing machine 2 impellings in top are got off dispels, and light leaf is blown open, and under the drive of high wind, arrived preceding left by impelling.And heavier stem drops downwards under the effect of gravity, drops to from the slit of swash plate on the driving-belt 4 of below.
Described stem driving-belt 4 is wide 80cm, length overall 6.5m, horizontal segment 2.5m wherein, tilting section 4m.Its effect is to take and rise to the 2.5m eminence out of by the stem that blower fan is separated, and sends into next process and uses.
Described motor 5 is 15kwh, four utmost point general-purpose machines of rotating speed 1480 commentaries on classics/min.
Described blower fan or air-introduced machine 6 are the blower fan of diameter 80cm.
The present invention utilizes sweet sorghum stalk to make in the alcohol fuel technical process, has fundamentally overcome the problem of sweet sorghum stalk disleaf difficulty.And in links such as subsequent delivery, heating, fermentations, energy consumption demultiplication, production efficiency multiplication.Solved leaf simultaneously and do not contained sugar, but contained large quantity of moisture, a large amount of leaves mixes, and sugar in fermentation materials is reduced, and increases cost for follow-up distillation.Solve leaf and contained a large amount of assorted bacterium, after leaf mixes, increased the sterilization difficulty, caused the fermentation failure easily.Therefore, it improves the end product quality and the most important effect of having enhanced productivity for the sweet sorghum production alcohol fuel.The present invention adopts innovative technologies such as " sawed-off method ", " blowing method ", and it installs with " straight disleaf method " its device of technology of traditional sweet sorghum stalk disleaf machine and compares and have the following advantages:
(1), adopt " sawed-off method ", changed the thinking of conventional straight whole piece straw stem leaf-peeling, sorgo stalk is connected stalk band leaf is sawn into stem together less than 15cm, most leaves are broken away from from stem.Have only when stalk section is sawed-off in sorghum stalk joint both sides, have a small amount of leaf sheath set on it, can not separate, but this situation has belonged to minority, can not influence follow-up integral production overall situation.Therefore, " sawed-off method " realized most cauline leafs separately, lays a good foundation for cauline leaf separates.
(2), adopt " pneumatic concentration " to blow to hit the mixture that stem, leaf have separated with high wind, heavier stem is difficult for being taken away by wind, gravitate sinks, and lighter leaf in the form of sheets, taken away by wind easily, thereby footpath, leaf are separated like a cork.
(3), use swash plate wind page or leaf, the high wind of horizontal direction is changed into is tilted to, the blade in the cauline leaf mixture that causes to fall and break can be hit to by blowing and separate with the stem that continues the whereabouts.Be subjected to the obstruction of swash plate on the other hand, the cauline leaf mixture that is got off by quick impelling from the sawing machine top can not sink to the bottom moment, blows to high wind and hits the time won.
In a word, compare main advance with traditional handicraft as follows in the present invention:
1, operation is simple and easy, effective, and whether the efficient height is not subjected to stalk thickness and stalk to be with aerial root to affect, Can process sweet sorghum stalk in enormous quantities in short period. This is that straight whole piece stripping leaf technology is beyond one's reach. Can only peel off thicker stalk such as existing stripping leaf machine, thinner can't shell, and namely enables stripping, and efficient is extremely low. And thicker stalk disleaf also can't reach ideal effect.
2, simple in structure, cheap, simple to operation, for ease of maintenaince, be fit to popular popularization.
The stem of the sweet sorghum stalk after 3, the present invention processes is conducive to sweet sorghum stalk and makes the alcohol fuel mistake In the journey, in links such as subsequent delivery, heating, fermentations, energy consumption demultiplication, production efficiency multiplication. Solve simultaneously Leaf do not contain sugar, but contain large quantity of moisture, a large amount of leaf mixes, and sugar in fermentation materials is reduced, and gives Follow-up distillation increases cost. Solve leaf and contained a large amount of miscellaneous bacterias, after leaf mixes, increased the sterilization difficulty, Cause easily the fermentation failure. Therefore, it improves end product quality for the sweet sorghum production alcohol fuel and improves and give birth to Produce efficient and play most important effect.