CN101517207A - 过滤器元件,特别是用于过滤内燃机的排气 - Google Patents
过滤器元件,特别是用于过滤内燃机的排气 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种过滤器元件(18),特别是用于过滤内燃机(10)的排气,该过滤器元件具有沿穿流方向(20)在输入侧敞开、在输出侧封闭的进入通道(28)和在沿穿流方向(20)在输入侧封闭、在输出侧敞开的排出通道(30),其中所述进入通道(28)和排出通道(30)由过滤器壁(32)界定,其中,所述过滤器元件(18)的外部区域(46)的过滤器壁(32)的至少一部分的轮廓与所述过滤器元件(18)的至少区段地弯曲的外面(36)的延伸相适配。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的、特别是用于过滤内燃机排气的过滤器元件以及带有过滤器元件的颗粒过滤器和排气净化装置。
背景技术
需净化的排气流过设置在进入通道和排出通道之间的、多敞开孔的过滤器壁。在此,随着时间的流逝,炭黑颗粒沉积在过滤器壁的位于上游的表面上。这些炭黑颗粒导致过滤器壁的通过性降低,并由此导致在气流穿过过滤器壁时出现的压降下降。相应地,所谓的“排气背压”增大。如果该排气背压超过一定的值,则通过燃烧掉沉积的炭黑颗粒来使过滤器再生。为此,可提高被引导穿过过滤器元件的排气的温度。这例如通过喷入附加的燃料来实现。
在过滤器元件再生期间,过滤器元件内部的温度分布是这样的,即最高温度出现在过滤器元件内部,而低得多的温度出现在过滤器元件的外部边缘区域中。这导致局部不同的热膨胀,该热膨胀致使在过滤器元件内会出现高的机械应力。这些应力在最不利的情况下会导致在过滤器元件中形成裂缝。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提出一种过滤器元件,借助该过滤器元件能避免或者至少能限制所述的裂缝形成。
该作为本发明基础的目的在开头所述的过滤器元件中这样来实现,即,过滤器元件的外部区域的这些过滤器壁中的至少一部分的延伸适配于过滤器元件的至少区段地弯曲的外面的延伸。
用过滤器壁的按照本发明的几何结构实现了,在过滤器元件的外部区域内能吸收更高的应力,而该区域内的材料不失效。当设置在所述区域内的进入通道和排出通道的这些过滤器壁中的至少一部分在其延伸方面与弯曲的外面的延伸相适配时,在过滤器元件外部区域内出现的拉应力能被最佳地吸收。而在常规的过滤器元件中,进入通道和排出通道在一外部区域内也棋盘状地彼此错开,使得在外侧上的进入通道和排出通道以它们基本上为正方形的基本形状被划切。这些不均匀地被成型的、位于外侧的进入通道和排出通道形成有利于裂缝形成的材料减弱区域。
按照本发明的过滤器元件可具有基本上为圆柱形或者椭圆形的横截面。在此情况下,过滤器元件的整个外面具有弯曲的延伸。但过滤器元件也可以具有在横截面内交替地由直线地延伸的区段和弯曲地延伸的区段构成边界的外面。这种横截面具有在横截面内是多边形、例如三角形或者正方形的基本形状。所述多边形的棱边便形成直线地延伸的区段,在这些区段之间(在基本形状的角区域内)设有弯曲地延伸的区段
对于所述的横截面有利的是,过滤器壁在与所述弯曲的外面相邻的区域内彼此同心。当这些过滤器壁中的一部分沿径向延伸时,能以这种方式借助于彼此同心设置的过滤器壁和借助于沿径向延伸的过滤器壁创造出进入通道和排出通道,这些进入通道和排出通道的横截面与正方形或矩形的基本形状仅略微有所不同。
如果直接与过滤器元件的外面相邻的一排进入通道和排出通道的过滤器壁与该外面的延伸相适配时,则在该区域内的、在使过滤器元件再生时特别高的拉应力能被很好地吸收。由此能避免在该特别危险的区域内产生裂缝,该裂缝会向较少危险的区域内蔓延。这能特别好地被防止,只要多个彼此相邻的排的进入通道和排出通道的过滤器壁与所述外面的延伸相适配。由此也能避免在设置在最外侧的一排进入通道和排出通道与相对于该排位于内侧的一排进入通道和排出通道之间的急剧的几何结构变化。
所述外部区域、亦即其中一部分的过滤器壁的延伸与所述外面的延伸相适配的区域可从该外面延伸直至过滤器元件的最大直径的0.1至0.4倍。
特别有利的是,所述外部区域与过滤器元件的一整体上在横截面内为多边形的内部区域相邻接。该多边形的区域使得进入通道和排出通道可以具有传统的几何结构,特别是当该内部区域具有基本上总体上为四边形的横截面时。
所述内部区域可精确地构造成正方形或者矩形。但有利的是,该内部区域在其与过滤器元件的外部区域的边界上向外弯曲,使得在该内部区域和外部区域之间的过渡区域内实现柔和的几何结构变化。总之,能以这种方式产生也用概念“O形网格(O-Grid)”命名的几何结构。该O形网格的特征在于,圆柱形或椭圆形过滤器元件的总体上圆形或椭圆形的横截面能用横截面为四边形的通道填充,而不会使在此各个通道的横截面明显与正方形或者矩形形状不同。
所述的“O形网格”几何结构能随着外部区域被分成一些部段而得到,其中,部段之间的部段边界沿径向延伸。这些部段边界能从过滤器元件的所述外面延伸至过滤器元件的所述内部区域的角区域。以这种方式,过滤器元件的横截面被分成外部区域的一些区段和一内部区域。当根据由此产生的预定几何结构时,能实现各个在横截面内为四边形的进入通道和排出通道的特别均匀的分布。
为了能在所述外部区域的各个部段和所述内部区域之间的过渡区域内得到尽可能高的机械强度,本发明提出,在过滤器元件的所述内部区域的一角区域中一形成一部段边界的过滤器壁和两个另外的过滤器壁这样地彼此延伸,使得在每两个过滤器壁之间形成100°至140°的、特别是110°至130°的、进一步特别是至120°的角度。所述的两个另外的过滤器壁在此同时构成位于内侧的区域和分别与之相邻的外侧部段之间的边界。
在进入通道和排出通道的常规的、棋盘状的结构中,总是一个进入通道分别与四个排出通道相邻以及一个排出通道与四个进入通道相邻。为了也能在过滤器元件的所述内部区域的角区域中得到这种几何上的关系,本发明提出,两个与一个部段邻接的、在周向上彼此相邻的通道合并成一共同的进入通道,以及两个横向于周向地与该进入通道相邻的通道合并成一共同的排出通道。
本发明的其它优点和有利的构型可从下面的附图、附图说明和权利要求书中得出。所有在附图、附图说明和权利要求书中说明的特征既可单独地、又可任意相互组合地构成本发明的本质。
附图说明
图中:
图1示出带有排气净化装置和过滤器元件的内燃机的示意图;
图2示出过滤器元件的纵剖视图;
图3示出过滤器元件的横剖视示意图;
图4示出根据第一实施形式的过滤器元件的横剖视细节图;以及
图5示出根据第二实施形式的过滤器元件的横剖视细节图。
具体实施方式
在图1中,内燃机用附图标记10标注。排气经由排气管12导入排气净化装置14。该排气净化装置包括颗粒过滤器16,该颗粒过滤器将炭黑颗粒从在排气管12中流动的排气中过滤出来。这特别是在柴油内燃机中是必需的,以遵守法规规定。
颗粒过滤器16包括总体上基本为圆柱形的过滤器元件18。
在图2中以纵剖视图示出过滤器元件18。过滤器元件18可例如作为挤压的成型体由陶瓷材料、例如堇青石制成。
过滤器元件18在箭头20的方向上被内燃机10的排气穿过。用于待过滤的排气的进入面在图2中用附图标记22标注,用于已被过滤的排气的排出面用附图标记24标注。
多个进入通道28和排出通道30平行于过滤器元件18的纵轴线26分布。进入通道28在进入面22上敞开,而在排出面24上封闭。与此相反,排出通道30在排出面24上敞开,而在进入面22上封闭。
未被净化的排气的流动路径通向进入通道28之一并从那里经由过滤器壁32进入排出通道30之一。例如,这由箭头34示出。
在图3中以横剖视图示意示出过滤器元件18。在圆柱形外面36的内部,设有四个径向外部的部段38、40、42和44,它们总体上形成过滤器元件18的一个径向外部的区域46。这些部段彼此对接在沿径向延伸的部段边界48、50、52和54上。
过滤器元件18还具有在横截面内呈正方形的内部区域56。该区域在边界58至64的内部延伸。在所述这些边界之间形成有角区域66,部段边界48至54也通到所述角区域上。
图3以简化的示意的形状示出过滤器元件18的横截面,而图4示出进入通道28和排出通道30基于该基本形状而构建的优化的分布。在图中可以看出,设置在过滤器元件18的径向外部的区域46中的进入通道28和排出通道30分别由彼此基本同心的过滤器壁32和由基本沿径向延伸的过滤器壁68构成边界。由图4还可看出,在径向外部的区域46中设有多排的通道28和30,这些排彼此同心。在所选的实施例中,径向外部的区域46沿径向延伸在过滤器元件18的半径的约多于一半上。
在图4右侧详细示出了也在图3中简要示出的角区域66。在那里可看出,内部区域58的边界58和64以及部段38和44之间的部段边界48彼此对接。边界58和64以及部段边界48分别由过滤器壁68或者70形成。
在图4中分别用一个叉号标出进入通道28。排出通道30分别与这些进入通道错开地设置。由图4可知,每个进入通道28分别与四个排出通道30相邻以及每个排出通道30分别与四个进入通道28相邻。但这不适用于与部段边界48以及与过滤器壁68相邻的区域。这里,分别两个进入通道28a和28b与两个排出通道30a和30b彼此相邻。
为了也能在部段边界48至54的区域中实现进入通道28和30的均匀的分布,提出下述的几何结构。在图5中点划水平线(没有附图标记)下方示出的部分与根据图4的几何结构相对应。在图5中该水平线上方示出的部分具有相对于图4改变的几何结构。在部段边界48的区域内,进入通道28a和28b合并成一共同的进入通道28c。排出通道30a和30b以相应的方式合并成一共同的排出通道30c。以这种方式能在过滤器元件18的整个横截面上产生这样的结构,在该结构中总是一个进入通道28分别与四个排出通道30相邻地设置以及总是一个排出通道30分别与四个进入通道28相邻地设置。
Claims (18)
1.过滤器元件(18),特别是用于过滤一内燃机(10)的排气,具有沿穿流方向(20)在输入侧敞开、在输出侧封闭的进入通道(28)和沿穿流方向(20)在输入侧封闭、在输出侧敞开的排出通道(30),其中,这些进入通道(28)和排出通道(30)由过滤器壁(32)构成边界,其特征在于,所述过滤器元件(18)的一外部区域(46)的这些过滤器壁(32)中的至少一部分的延伸与所述过滤器元件(18)的一至少区段地弯曲的外面(36)的延伸相适配。
2.根据权利要求1的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,所述过滤器元件(18)具有一基本上圆柱形或椭圆形的横截面。
3.根据权利要求1的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,所述过滤器元件(18)具有一外面(36),该外面在横截面中交替地由直线地延伸的区段和由弯曲地延伸的区段构成边界。
4.根据上述权利要求中至少一项的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,这些过滤器壁(32)在一与所述弯曲的外面(36)相邻的区域内彼此同心地被设置。
5.根据上述权利要求中至少一项的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,所述过滤器壁(68)中的一部分沿径向延伸。
6.根据上述权利要求中至少一项的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,直接与所述过滤器元件(18)的外面(36)相邻的一排进入通道(28)及排出通道(30)的过滤器壁与该外面(36)的延伸相适配。
7.根据上述权利要求中至少一项的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,进入通道(28)和排出通道(30)的多个彼此相邻的排的过滤器壁(32)与所述外面(36)的延伸相适配。
8.根据上述权利要求中至少一项的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,所述过滤器元件(18)的所述外部区域(46)从所述外面(36)延伸至所述过滤器元件(18)的最大直径的0.1至0.4倍处。
9.根据上述权利要求中至少一项的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,所述外部区域(46)与所述过滤器元件(18)的一总体上在横截面中为多边形的内部区域(56)邻接。
10.根据权利要求9的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,所述内部区域(56)具有一基本上总体上四边形的横截面。
11.根据权利要求9或10的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,所述内部区域(56)在其与所述过滤器元件(18)的所述外部区域(46)的边界(58-64)上向外弯曲。
12.根据权利要求9至11中至少一项的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,设在所述内部区域(56)中的过滤器壁(70)的设置使得由这些过滤器壁(70)构成边界的进入通道(28)和排出通道(30)具有至少近似正方形的横截面。
13.根据上述权利要求中至少一项的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,所述外部区域(46)被分成部段(38-44),其中,这些部段(38-44)之间的部段边界(48-54)在径向上延伸。
14.根据权利要求13的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,所述部段边界(48-54)从所述过滤器元件(18)的所述外面(36)延伸至所述过滤器元件(18)的所述内部区域(56)的角区域(66)。
15.根据权利要求14的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,在一角区域(66)中,一构成一部段边界(48)的过滤器壁(68)和两个另外的过滤器壁(70)彼此相向地延伸,使得分别在两个过滤器壁(68、70)之间成100°至140°、特别是110°至130°、进一步特别是120°的角度。
16.根据权利要求13至15中至少一项的过滤器元件(18),其特征在于,两个与一部段边界(48)邻接的、在周向上彼此相邻的通道(28a、28b)合并成一共同的进入通道(28c),两个横向于该周向与该共同的进入通道相邻的通道(30a、30b)合并成一共同的排出通道(30c)。
17.一种颗粒过滤器(16),具有一根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的过滤器元件(18)。
18.一种排气净化装置(14),特别是具有一颗粒过滤器(16)的排气净化装置,具有一根据权利要求1至16中至少一项所述的过滤器元件(18)。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102006045164A DE102006045164A1 (de) | 2006-09-25 | 2006-09-25 | Filterelement, insbesondere zur Filterung von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102006045164.3 | 2006-09-25 |
Publications (1)
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CN101517207A true CN101517207A (zh) | 2009-08-26 |
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CNA2007800355204A Pending CN101517207A (zh) | 2006-09-25 | 2007-07-26 | 过滤器元件,特别是用于过滤内燃机的排气 |
Country Status (7)
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US (1) | US20100205918A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2069615B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2010504458A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101517207A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE493571T1 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE102006045164A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2008037521A1 (zh) |
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WO2011114506A1 (ja) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-22 | イビデン株式会社 | ハニカム構造体 |
JP5708670B2 (ja) * | 2013-01-18 | 2015-04-30 | 株式会社デンソー | ハニカム構造体 |
JP6934702B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-27 | 2021-09-15 | 株式会社デンソー | 排ガス浄化フィルタ |
JP6530680B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-02 | 2019-06-12 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 目封止ハニカム構造体、及び目封止ハニカムセグメント |
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DE3664361D1 (en) * | 1985-07-25 | 1989-08-17 | Interatom | Mounting device for a metallic flue gas catalyst support body, and method of manufacturing it |
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DE8816514U1 (de) * | 1988-04-25 | 1989-10-26 | Emitec Gesellschaft für Emissionstechnologie mbH, 5204 Lohmar | Elektrisch beheizbarer Katalysator-Trägerkörper |
JP2651544B2 (ja) * | 1988-09-06 | 1997-09-10 | カルソニック株式会社 | 触媒担体の製造方法 |
DE58900964D1 (de) * | 1988-09-22 | 1992-04-16 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | Wabenkoerper, insbesondere katalysator-traegerkoerper, aus einer mehrzahl verschlungener blechstapel. |
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JP2890503B2 (ja) * | 1989-07-26 | 1999-05-17 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | 多孔性担体 |
DE4134223C1 (zh) * | 1991-10-16 | 1992-11-12 | Stora Feldmuehle Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf, De | |
DE4200552C2 (de) * | 1992-01-11 | 1994-07-14 | Daimler Benz Ag | Rußfilter für Verbrennungs-, insbesondere Dieselmotoren |
US5866230A (en) * | 1993-01-11 | 1999-02-02 | Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Gmbh | Extruded honeycomb body of ceramic and/or metallic material with increased flexibility |
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-
2006
- 2006-09-25 DE DE102006045164A patent/DE102006045164A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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2007
- 2007-06-26 US US12/308,331 patent/US20100205918A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-07-26 EP EP07787919A patent/EP2069615B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-07-26 AT AT07787919T patent/ATE493571T1/de active
- 2007-07-26 WO PCT/EP2007/057693 patent/WO2008037521A1/de active Application Filing
- 2007-07-26 CN CNA2007800355204A patent/CN101517207A/zh active Pending
- 2007-07-26 DE DE502007006132T patent/DE502007006132D1/de active Active
- 2007-07-26 JP JP2009528660A patent/JP2010504458A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
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EP2069615B1 (de) | 2010-12-29 |
DE102006045164A1 (de) | 2008-04-03 |
JP2010504458A (ja) | 2010-02-12 |
ATE493571T1 (de) | 2011-01-15 |
US20100205918A1 (en) | 2010-08-19 |
EP2069615A1 (de) | 2009-06-17 |
WO2008037521A1 (de) | 2008-04-03 |
DE502007006132D1 (de) | 2011-02-10 |
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