CN101514965B

CN101514965B - Detection method for relieving peachtree dormancy

Info

Publication number: CN101514965B
Application number: CN2008100741395A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 傅友; 陈湖; 张新生; 王学军; 王召远
Original assignee: Changli Institute Of Pomology Hebei Academy Of Agriculture And Forestry Sciences
Current assignee: Changli Institute Of Pomology Hebei Academy Of Agriculture And Forestry Sciences
Priority date: 2008-02-22
Filing date: 2008-02-22
Publication date: 2010-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2028-02-22
Also published as: CN101514965A

Abstract

The technology belongs to the field of facility fruit tree culture. When a peachtree grows to a certain stage, the peachtree enters a dormancy state, the dormancy period is a growth period of relative slow growth, the growth period needs the support of low temperature of around 7 DEG C, and in the process, forms and contents of blossom buds are subjected to extremely subtle change. When the dormancy reaches certain degree, qualitative change occurs, namely the dormancy period is relieved, if the dormancy time is overlong, the mature period is delayed, and if the dormancy time is insufficient, the germination cannot occur. Therefore, timely and accurate mastery of dormancy relieving period is a guide basis for the beginning of temperature rise of a facility fruit tree. During the forcing culture and early forcing culture of the peachtree, the accurate mastery of the dormancy period of the peachtree is a key to the early selling and successful culture, but a chilling requirement estimation method cannot meet the production requirement. The invention provides a simple, convenient, rapid, accurate and cheap method capable of indicating the dormancy relieving of the blossom buds of the peachtree.

Description

The detection method of relieving peachtree dormancy

Technical field: belong to the protected fruit trees cultivation field.

Technical background: in the forcing culture of peach, forcing culture ahead of time, accurately grasping the rest period of peach, is to strive for going on the market in advance and cultivating successful key, and in the long postponement maturity stage of dormancy time, the dormancy time deficiency can not be germinateed.Therefore, the prediction to peach rest period seems very important.The scientific worker has set up four kinds of models and is used to calculate rest period for many years, promptly still its model, 0～7 ℃ of model, be lower than 7 ℃ of models, dynamic model.In recent years the Zhengzhou fruit tree the unit of grade a plurality of kinds of dormancy chilling requirement of peach are estimated, yet this estimated value is a chilling requirement numerical value roughly, the result of calculation of each computation model is different and differs greatly.Same kind also exists than big-difference adopting same model to calculate between the different regions, between the different year of areal.Differences such as the length Yin Tuoye period of peach dormancy time, environment temperature, water regime and becoming.The method of rest period estimation is at present, and the temperature self-recording unit is set in the field, writes down each temperature constantly.Take every day branch to put into 24 ℃ of incubator water plantings, cut off 0.5 centimetre of branch base portion every 2 days and expose new stubble in order to suction, observed 15 days continuously, germination percentage can surpass 50% just calculation breaking dormancy, effective low temperature time of being experienced between this day and dormancy elementary period also can be called chilling requirement as the dormancy hourage of this kind so.Though adopt this method to know the rest period of peach, the time over and done with two weeks, late as produce to go up using; Adopt the method for chilling requirement estimation not only to need to schedule to last nearly 2 months thermograph and temperature and humidity management, and band bear the character of much blindness.

Being used for the seed vigor method for measuring---tetrazolium is measured H.LakOn (Lai Kang) the professor invention by German SoealedHoheneim school in nineteen forty-two, become at present the most advanced and practical seed tetrazolium determination techniques in the whole world, in more than 650 agricultural, vegetables, forest, herbage, medicinal material and flower seed that belongs to and plant, be applied.Tetrazolium measure have that principle is reliable, the result accurately, is not subjected to the dormancy restriction, method is easy, characteristics such as quick, with low cost save time.So tetrazolium is measured is universally acknowledged and one of the seed vigor assay method of being used widely.

Goal of the invention: fundamental purpose of the present invention is that exploration is a kind of simply, accurate, with low cost easily and fast, can indicate the method for peach bud termination of diapause.

Summary of the invention: the peach certain phase that grows promptly enters dormant state, and rest period is a growth phase to developmental stage slowly, is that bud grows into positive physiology reflection behind the certain phase.The developmental stage of this bud needs about 7 ℃ low temperature support, and extremely trickle variation is taking place for the form of bud and inclusions in this process, arrives the variation that matter to a certain degree will take place when dormancy, has promptly removed rest period.The grasp promptly and accurately in termination of diapause period is the guidance foundation that protected fruit trees begins to heat up.The tetrazolium colouring method of measuring seed vigor is applied in the detection of peach bud dormancy, is a kind of new trial, and the mensuration of original seed vigor is not limited by dormancy, and is used to detect the bud dormancy here.This technology is based upon on the experimental basis, and the testing requirements bud can dye at the appointed time and be only breaking dormancy, and seed dyeing then needs pre-service and long period, and this is the product that the peach dormant physiology combines with the seed vigor measuring principle.

Dormancy detects principle: peach true later rest, energetic supersession is converted to krebs cycle pathway (TCA) from pentose phosphate pathway (PPP); Tetrazolium solution is absorbed by bud as a kind of colourless indicator, accepts the hydrogen ion that discharges in the Tricarboxylic Acid Metabolism approach in the cell, be reduced into a kind of redness, stable, can not spread and water-fast triphenyl first is replaced.Be characterized in that detection method is simple, speed is fast, can realize instant detection.

The preparation of reagent:

The tetrazolium dyeing liquor: the tetrazolium full name is 2,3, and 5-chlorination (or bromination) triphenyltetrazolium chloride abbreviates tetrazolium or red tetrazolium as.English is called 2,3,5-Triphenyl TetrazoliumChloride (Or Bromide), abbreviation TTC (TTB) or TZ.Molecular formula is C ₁₉H ₁₅N ₄Cl, molecular weight 334.8 is white or flaxen pulvis, 243 ℃ of molten points are soluble in water, have little poison.The tetrazolium common working concentration that dyes is 0.1%～1.0% tetrazolium solution.Taking by weighing 1.0 gram red tetrazoliums is dissolved in 100 grams and is 1.0% tetrazolium solution in the distilled water.Tetrazolium runs into direct projection light can be reduced into pink, and therefore, this reagent need be used the brown bottle splendid attire, and with black paper outer package.Equally, the tetrazolium solution that has prepared also should be packed in the Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only, leaves the dark place in.When carrying out the detection of termination of diapause, also need place it in the dark place.

The preparation of phosphate buffer: be to guarantee the Color of tetrazolium, require the pH value of tetrazolium solution must be within 6.5～7.5 scopes.When the pH of tetrazolium solution value was not within this scope, suggestion adopted phosphate buffer to prepare.At first join two kinds of mother liquor I and II, mother liquor I is dissolved in 1000 ml distilled waters for taking by weighing 9.087 gram potassium dihydrogen phosphates, and mother liquor II restrains sodium hydrogen phosphates and is dissolved in 1000 ml distilled waters for taking by weighing 9.472, gets mother liquor I2 part then and mother liquor II3 part mixes.

Method with phosphate buffer preparation tetrazolium solution: get mother liquor I40 milliliter and mother liquor II60 milliliter and mix, take by weighing 1.0 gram tetrazolium powder, be settled to 100 milliliters, be 1.0% tetrazolium solution of pH value 7.5 with above-mentioned mixed liquor.

Embodiment: with the bud rip cutting, the tetrazolium aqueous solution soaking with 0.1%～1.0% requires the pH value of tetrazolium solution must be within 6.5～7.5 scopes, and tetrazolium solution can adopt phosphate buffer to prepare.The temperature range of chromogenic reaction is 20 ℃～45 ℃, carries out chromogenic reaction in the dark place under the temperature of setting.The developing time that requires is 20 minutes to 2 hours, and the bud tangent plane shows that redness is a breaking dormancy in wanting seeking time.Observe by magnifier or dissecting microscope during evaluation.Cannot reuse with the tetrazolium solution of crossing.

Embodiment 1: just get at dormant stage or dormancy has just been removed or dormancy has been removed peach bud, with blade with the bud rip cutting, put into staining plate, the tetrazolium aqueous solution that adds 1.0% concentration, to flood bud sheet degree of being, be displaced in 35 ℃ of constant temperature ovens and carry out staining reaction, will keep dark in the constant temperature oven.If the body temperature that does not have constant temperature oven also can choose is sealed hot staining plate and is carried out chromogenic reaction.Chromogenic reaction 1 hour is observed by magnifier or dissecting microscope, and the red bud breaking dormancy phase that is is dyed in the bud section.

Embodiment 2: just get at dormant stage or dormancy has just been removed or dormancy has been removed peach bud, with the bud rip cutting, put into staining plate with blade, add 1.0% tetrazolium solution with the pH value 7.5 of phosphate buffer preparation.To flood bud sheet degree of being, be displaced in 35 ℃ of constant temperature ovens and carry out staining reaction, to keep dark in the constant temperature oven.If the body temperature that does not have constant temperature oven also can choose is sealed hot staining plate and is carried out chromogenic reaction.Chromogenic reaction 1 hour is observed by magnifier or dissecting microscope, and the red bud breaking dormancy phase that is is dyed in the bud section.

Claims

1. the detection method of a relieving peachtree dormancy, it is characterized in that: with the bud rip cutting, with the pH value in 6.5～7.5 scopes, concentration is 0.1%～1.0% tetrazolium solution immersion, carry out chromogenic reaction in the dark place under 20 ℃～45 ℃ temperature, the bud tangent plane shows that redness is a breaking dormancy in 20 minutes to 2 hours.

2. the detection method of relieving peachtree dormancy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tetrazolium solution is 2,3, the 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride, abbreviate the aqueous solution of tetrazolium or red tetrazolium 0.1%～1.0% as, the pH value of requirement tetrazolium solution must be within 6.5～7.5 scopes, and tetrazolium solution adopts phosphate buffer to prepare.