CN101509899B - Ultrasonic detecting method for electric power pylon steel angle - Google Patents
Ultrasonic detecting method for electric power pylon steel angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN101509899B CN101509899B CN2009100681609A CN200910068160A CN101509899B CN 101509899 B CN101509899 B CN 101509899B CN 2009100681609 A CN2009100681609 A CN 2009100681609A CN 200910068160 A CN200910068160 A CN 200910068160A CN 101509899 B CN101509899 B CN 101509899B
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Abstract
The invention provides an ultrasonic guided wave testing method aiming at the angle steel of an electric steel tower, which belongs to the field of ultrasonic guided wave testing. The testing method is mainly and technically characterized by comprising the steps of: selecting an ultrasonic flaw detector, an ultrasonic guided wave probe and a reference block, and manufacturing an artificial defective groove on the reference block; manufacturing a distance-amplitude curve by the reference block; polishing a smooth probe movement area on the surface of the angle steel to be tested and coating a coupling agent; using the ultrasonic guided wave probe to transversely move along the probe movement area for scanning; and judging whether the angle steel to be tested is qualified or not according to the relationship between the echo signal amplitude and the distance-amplitude curve. The testing method uses the ultrasonic detector by matching with the special ultrasonic guided wave probe for exciting the ultrasonic guided wave with designated mode, is used for the nondestructive testing of the angle steel of the electric steel tower, is characterized by simpleness, fastness, safety and reliability, and has great significance in ensuring the safe and stable operation of the electric steel tower and power transmission lines.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the ultrasonic guided wave detecting field, especially a kind of ultrasonic guided wave detecting method at the electric power tower angle steel.
Background technology
Electric power tower is the visual plant in the electric power transfer engineering.Be packed in ground electric power tower and mainly connect and compose and have abilities such as certain windproof, rainproof, anti-ice cover and anticorrosion, to guarantee the operate as normal of electric power transfer by angle steel.In the actual moving process of electric power tower, angle steel stand certain expose to the weather and air in crackle in various degree can appear after the invasion and attack of various objectionable impuritiess or situation such as be corroded, when serious the electric power tower accident of falling the tower can take place, cause enormous economic loss.In order to eliminate this potential safety hazard, should be in time the angle steel of electric power tower be detected to pinpoint the problems and to take effective remedial measures, prevent the generation of the electric power tower accident of falling the tower.Therefore, press for a kind of to the angle steel on the electric power tower carry out simply, reliably, detection method fast.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of simply, reliably, fast at the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of electric power tower angle steel.
The present invention solves its technical matters and takes following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of ultrasonic guided wave detecting method at the electric power tower angle steel, this method comprises the steps:
(1). select ultra-sonic defect detector: pumping signal is a tone signal, surplus sensitivity 〉=110dB, sample frequency 〉=60MHz, wave recording 〉=100 width of cloth shows refreshing frequency 〉=60Hz, velocity of sound scope is 1000～7000m/s;
(2). select the supersonic guide-wave probe: the detection frequency is 0.3MHz～1MHz, and wafer is 20 * 20mm, velocity of sound axis horizontal fleet angle≤2 °, sensitivity error≤± 2dB;
(3). make reference block: select and detected angle steel same size and angle steel test block as a comparison, and make an artificial defect groove in its lateral surfaces of reference block upper edge with similar chemical constitution, surface appearance, condition of heat treatment and acoustical behavior;
(4). make distance-amplitude curve: between the artificial defect groove of reference block and maximum detectable range, select test point, use the supersonic guide-wave probe to find out the highest ripple echo and the making distance-amplitude curve of all test points;
(5). scanning: go out a smooth probe moving area and smear couplant in detected angle steel surface finish, use the supersonic guide-wave probe to carry out scanning along this probe moving area is laterally mobile;
(6). defect location: if echo signal amplitude more than or equal to the distance-amplitude curve of reference block, then is judged to be this disqualified upon inspection; If all echo signal amplitudes of whole angle steel all are lower than the distance-amplitude curve of reference block, then are judged to be this and are up to the standards.
And, the method for making of described artificial defect groove: cutting one groove depth is the artificial defect groove of 1mm on the lateral surfaces in the reference block, distance 〉=the 200mm of this artificial defect groove and reference block one end, the distance 〉=one time maximum detectable range+100mm of this artificial defect groove and the reference block other end.
And, in reference block, select the method for test point: the quantity of test point 〉=5, the artificial defect groove of supersonic guide-wave probe the place ahead aligning reference block and first test point are positioned at the L/5 place apart from the artificial defect groove, wherein, L is a maximum detectable range, last test point is positioned at the maximum detectable range place, and other test points are all between first test point and last test point.
And, the pumping signal of described ultra-sonic defect detector, the pumping signal of employing broad pulse narrow-band.
And described supersonic guide-wave probe adopts and detects frequency is the probe of 1MHz.
And the acoustic beam incident angle of described supersonic guide-wave probe is 45 degree.
And described supersonic guide-wave probe adopts gain 6dB as flaw detection sensitivity.
And described couplant is a machine oil.
And the lateral length of described probe moving area is the width of angle steel one side surface, and its longitudinal length is greater than the length of supersonic guide-wave probe.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1. this detection method is utilized propagation characteristic and the flaw echo reflected signal of supersonic guide-wave in the electric power tower angle steel, can finish the Non-Destructive Testing to the electric power tower angle steel quickly and accurately.When detecting, can realize detection on any that be placed on detected angle steel surface of only supersonic guide-wave need being popped one's head in to whole angle steel, this detection method not only can detect the angle steel more than the ground, can't contact simultaneously for the supersonic guide-wave probe but part expose bury the ground part and also can detect.This method has solved the difficult problem of electric power tower angle steel detection difficult, has reduced to a certain extent because of the angle steel material damage causes the accident of falling the tower to take place.
2. this detection method is when detecting, only need carry out surfacing to a pocket of angle steel and handle the detection that to finish whole angle steel, not needing that whole angle steel carried out surfacing handles, saved detection time, have simple to operate, characteristics fast and efficiently, saved the detection cost, the networking that not only can be applied to electric power tower angle steel material is checked and accepted, and also can be applied to the On line inspection in the electric power tower operational process.
3. this detection method has solved the influence that frequency dispersion detects guided wave in the ultrasonic guided wave detecting preferably, athwartship plane defective and volume shape defective that bigger harm is arranged for the electric power tower angle steel both can have been detected, simultaneously also can be according to the corrosion situation of the average evaluation angle steel of echo, having solved influences the safety problem that the main material damage factor of electric power tower is brought.
4. the present invention uses the supersonic sounding instrument and cooperates special-purpose supersonic guide-wave probe, inspire the supersonic guide-wave of specifying mode, be used for the Non-Destructive Testing of electric power tower angle steel, have simple, quick, safe and reliable characteristics, the present invention has significant meaning for the safe and stable operation that guarantees electric power tower and transmission line of electricity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the probe moving area synoptic diagram on detected angle steel surface;
Fig. 2 is artificial defect groove and the test point view in the reference block;
Fig. 3 is a supersonic guide-wave sonde configuration synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the embodiment of the invention is further described.
A kind of ultrasonic guided wave detecting method at the electric power tower angle steel mainly is to use reflectoscope and ultrasonic probe that angle steel is detected, and its concrete steps are as follows:
1. selection ultra-sonic defect detector: the pumping signal of its generation is a tone signal, preferably adopts the pumping signal of broad pulse narrow-band, surplus sensitivity 〉=110dB, sample frequency 〉=60MHz, but wave recording 〉=100 width of cloth shows refreshing frequency 〉=60Hz, and velocity of sound scope is 1000～7000m/s; But reflectoscope has writing function usually and has communication interface and exchange that computing machine carries out data and waveform is handled, and also can connect printer and be connected, and directly carries out the output of testing result.
2. select the supersonic guide-wave probe: it detects frequency is 0.3MHz～1MHz, and the preferred detection frequency is the probe of 1MHz, when the surface corrosion of tested angle steel is serious, needs to select lower frequency; The probe wafer is the wafer of 20 * 20mm, probe velocity of sound axis horizontal fleet angle≤2 °, the probe sensitivity error≤± 2dB, the acoustic beam incident angle of supersonic guide-wave probe is 45 degree, when detecting, the supersonic guide-wave probe adopts gain 6dB as flaw detection sensitivity.
3. making reference block: select and detected angle steel same size and angle steel test block as a comparison with similar chemical constitution, surface appearance, condition of heat treatment and acoustical behavior, this reference block must not contain the natural flaw of influential defect-detecting equipment combination property detection; As shown in Figure 2, its lateral surfaces is made an artificial defect groove 5 in reference block 3 upper edges: for the influence to the artificial defect echo of the end face that prevents reference block, cutting one groove depth is the artificial defect groove of 1mm on the lateral surfaces selection wire cutting mode in the reference block, distance 〉=the 200mm of this artificial defect groove and reference block one end, the distance 〉=one time maximum detectable range+100mm of this artificial defect groove and the reference block other end.
4. make distance-amplitude curve: between the artificial defect groove of reference block and maximum detectable range, select test point, its concrete grammar is: the quantity of test point 〉=5, the artificial defect groove of reference block and the L/5 place that first test point is positioned at the artificial defect groove are aimed in supersonic guide-wave 4 the place aheads of popping one's head in, wherein, L is a maximum detectable range, last test point is the maximum detectable range place, and other test points are all between first test point and last test point; After determining test point, use the supersonic guide-wave probe to find out the highest ripple echo and the making distance-amplitude curve of all test points.
5. scanning: as shown in Figure 1, on the surface of tested angle steel 1, polish a smooth probe moving area 2, to remove tested angle steel surface thicker enamelled coating and corrosion, this regional lateral length is the width of angle steel one side surface, its longitudinal length is greater than the length of supersonic guide-wave probe, and its length is usually at 100mm.Through the whole angle steel surface energy of sanding of flat better with the contacting and acoustic coupling of supersonic guide-wave probe, smear couplant machine oil then, use the supersonic guide-wave probe laterally to move and carry out scanning along this probe moving area, use the supersonic guide-wave probe to move and carry out scanning along the angle steel lateral surfaces, when scanning, in case of questions can do suitable stop or echo is judged by moving forward and backward, after supersonic guide-wave moved to assigned address, scanning finished.
6. defect location: if echo signal amplitude more than or equal to the distance-amplitude curve of reference block, then is judged to be this disqualified upon inspection; If whole angle steel all is lower than the distance-amplitude curve of reference block through checking all echo signal amplitudes, then is judged to be this and is up to the standards.
Can finish athwartship plane defective and volume shape defective by above-mentioned steps to the electric power tower angle steel, simultaneously also can be according to the corrosion situation of the average evaluation angle steel of echo.
Supersonic guide-wave probe used in the present invention is dedicated probe, its structure as shown in Figure 3, comprise rectangle metal shell 13, coaxial socket 6, protection bottom surface 14, damping block 9, piezoelectric chip 10, tapered wedges 11, install a concentric cable socket on the angled end-face 7 of metal shell upper surface and side formation, this coaxial socket can be connected with ultrasonic generator by concentric cable and carry out the transmission of signal.Form a seal chamber in the bottom of metal shell installation one protection bottom surface and metal shell; one leg-of-mutton tapered wedges is installed on the protection bottom surface in seal chamber; this protective layer bottom surface is that organic glass plays the protective effect to tapered wedges; prolong the serviceable life of supersonic guide-wave probe; the bottom surface of this leg-of-mutton tapered wedges is pasted together with protection bottom surface peace; on the tapered wedges inclined-plane relative, mount a piezoelectric chip with coaxial socket; the two poles of the earth of this piezoelectric chip link to each other with coaxial socket the two poles of the earth by two cables 8 respectively; the acoustic beam incident angle α that piezoelectric chip generated is 45 degree; one damping block is installed on the upper surface of piezoelectric chip; this damping block is mixed and made into by epoxy resin and tungsten powder; be full of acoustic absorbant in other spaces in seal chamber, this acoustic absorbant is a cork.This supersonic guide-wave probe adopts the mode of oblique incidence, can inspire the guided wave of specifying mode by specific acoustic beam incident angle α degree, thereby in the electric power tower angle steel, inspire the guided wave of the appointment mode that is fit to detection, usually the thickness of electric power tower angle steel is 4-8cm, therefore, form the acoustic beam incident angle α of 45 degree by the installation relation of tapered wedges and piezoelectric chip.Be installed in the damping block use epoxy resin of piezoelectric chip upper surface and the material that tungsten powder is mixed and made into, it is good and can regulate proportioning arbitrarily that this material has a sound absorbing capabilities, can obtain different acoustic impedances and acoustically effective, thereby obtain the guided wave of broad pulse narrow-band, make and encourage reception the best.The piezoelectric chip that is installed on the tapered wedges adopts the PZT5 piezoelectric chip, and its performance parameter is: density p=7700kg/m
3, piezoelectric strain constant d
31=-195 * 10
-12C/N, electromechanical coupling factor k=0.73, dissipation factor tg δ=0.015, this piezoelectric chip is of a size of 20 * 20mm, and frequency probe is selected 1MHz.
It is emphasized that; embodiment of the present invention is illustrative; rather than it is determinate; therefore the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described in the embodiment; every other embodiments that draw by those skilled in the art's technical scheme according to the present invention; as use this method to detect the other defect of plug-in type base fillet weld, belong to the scope of protection of the invention equally.
Claims (9)
1. ultrasonic guided wave detecting method at the electric power tower angle steel, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
(1). select ultra-sonic defect detector: pumping signal is a tone signal, surplus sensitivity 〉=110dB, sample frequency 〉=60MHz, wave recording 〉=100 width of cloth shows refreshing frequency 〉=60Hz, velocity of sound scope is 1000～7000m/s;
(2). select the supersonic guide-wave probe: the detection frequency is 0.3MHz～1MHz, and wafer is 20 * 20mm, velocity of sound axis horizontal fleet angle≤2 °, sensitivity error≤± 2dB;
(3). make reference block: select and detected angle steel same size and angle steel test block as a comparison, and make an artificial defect groove in its lateral surfaces of reference block upper edge with similar chemical constitution, surface appearance, condition of heat treatment and acoustical behavior;
(4). make distance-amplitude curve: between the artificial defect groove of reference block and maximum detectable range, select test point, use the supersonic guide-wave probe to find out the highest ripple echo and the making distance-amplitude curve of all test points;
(5). scanning: go out a smooth probe moving area and smear couplant in detected angle steel surface finish, use the supersonic guide-wave probe to carry out scanning along this probe moving area is laterally mobile;
(6). defect location: if echo signal amplitude more than or equal to the distance-amplitude curve of reference block, then is judged to be this disqualified upon inspection; If all echo signal amplitudes of whole angle steel all are lower than the distance-amplitude curve of reference block, then are judged to be this and are up to the standards.
2. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method at the electric power tower angle steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for making of described artificial defect groove: cutting one groove depth is the artificial defect groove of 1mm on the lateral surfaces in the reference block, distance 〉=the 200mm of this artificial defect groove and reference block one end, the distance 〉=one time maximum detectable range+100mm of this artificial defect groove and the reference block other end.
3. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method at the electric power tower angle steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for in reference block, selecting test point: the quantity of test point 〉=5, the artificial defect groove of supersonic guide-wave probe the place ahead aligning reference block and first test point are positioned at the L/5 place apart from the artificial defect groove, wherein, L is a maximum detectable range, last test point is positioned at the maximum detectable range place, and other test points are all between first test point and last test point.
4. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method at the electric power tower angle steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the pumping signal of described ultra-sonic defect detector, the pumping signal of employing broad pulse narrow-band.
5. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method at the electric power tower angle steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described supersonic guide-wave probe adopts and detects frequency is the probe of 1MHz.
6. according to claim 1 or 5 at the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of electric power tower angle steel, it is characterized in that: the acoustic beam incident angle of described supersonic guide-wave probe is 45 degree.
7. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method at the electric power tower angle steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described supersonic guide-wave probe adopts gain 6dB as flaw detection sensitivity.
8. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method at the electric power tower angle steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described couplant is a machine oil.
9. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method at the electric power tower angle steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the lateral length of described probe moving area is the width of angle steel one side surface, and its longitudinal length is greater than the length of supersonic guide-wave probe.
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| CN102608210B (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2014-01-15 | 江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院镇江分院 | Method for detecting flaw of angle steel member by using ultrasonic guided waves |
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