Capstan crab gear shift sleeve
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of capstan winch and use shift clutch.
Background technology
The capstan winch kind is a lot; The special-purpose capstan winch of all kinds of leisure cross-country car Hauler for ship, all kinds of special engineered operation capstan winch, various armies special purpose capstan winch and other every profession and trade etc. is arranged; Fishery and oil, exploitation of mineral resources etc. are herded in be widely used in lying fallow cross-country, engineering rescue, metallurgy, exploration, woods, and wherein lying fallow cross-country is the capstan winch principal market.Capstan winch is made up of several major parts such as motor (motor, HM Hydraulic Motor, air motor etc.), drum brake, retarder, power-transfer clutch, controller, steel rope and some corresponding accessories usually both at home and abroad at present; Basically can satisfy the requirement of various operating modes; But can not adapt to the requirement of increasingly high living standard and operating mode technology; More and more users proposes higher requirement to capstan speed; On the main application market of the cross-country capstan winch of leisure, often the propulsion source of capstan winch has significant limitation, and the unique method that solves the capstan speed problem like this makes that exactly winch reductor has speed threshold.It is that the double speed capstan winch that the military is equipped with has similar functions that U.S. Milker (miniature cross-country car capstan winch maker of U.S. army) and German Rotzer (the military capstan winch equipment in various countries, whole world maker) two companies are only arranged in the world at present; German company double speed capstan winch has only height and bottom gear; Do not have power-transfer clutch, do not have the artificial rope function of freely putting; U.S. army's double speed capstan winch power-transfer clutch places two different positions of winch reductor with shift handle, must two handles be used and just can obtain at a high speed; When top gear was worked, power-transfer clutch must be at disengaged position, if with gear place at a high speed and clutch not throw off winch reductor be lock-out state, misoperation is easy to cause retarder or system failure.
(volume) weight of capstan winch and the pulling force of capstan winch are than the important indicator that is a capstan winch, and be particularly important when various mini locomotives and cross-country rescue work.5000 pounds of (below two tons) capstan winches producing in the world at present, its ratio is up to 400 times, and 5000 pounds to 12000 pounds its ratios of capstan winch are up to 150 times, and 10000 pounds of ratios to 20000 pounds of capstan winches reach more than 100 times.With its so little volume and weight requirement, accomplish that capstan winch promptly has the clutch manual work and puts the rope function, the gear that also need slow down simultaneously switches, and the also necessary standard-required that guarantees of the load-carrying capacity of capstan winch, is not an easy thing.The mode that U.S. Milker takes is the brake function that has removed capstan winch; Capstan winch has been made the one-level deceleration; And top gear is taked to connect head roll certainly by motor, and obviously such its capstan winch of scheme can only be accomplished some simple rescue works, and its double speed function adopts another one shift handle simultaneously; And to be used with clutch handle, use very inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide capstan crab gear shift sleeve; Can effectively solve existing capstan winch needs shift handle and clutch handle to be used simultaneously when gearshift and clutch operation, not only operates the problem that inconvenience and misoperation are easy to cause retarder or system failure.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: capstan crab gear shift sleeve comprises housing and handle; It is characterized in that: be provided with clutch cam tooth axle in the housing, cross-under has shifting cam axle and gearshift clutch shaft in the clutch cam tooth axle, and clutch cam tooth axle is provided with the cam curved surface I; Shifting cam axle overhead cam curved surface II; Two cam curved surfaces link in proper order, are provided with the clutch retracing spring between clutch cam tooth axle and the housing, are provided with the gearshift retracing spring between shifting cam axle and the housing; The gearshift clutch shaft is provided with the positioning element that on cam curved surface, slides, handle captive joint gearshift clutch shaft.
Further, positioning element adopts locating dowel pin, and the locating dowel pin bottom is fixedly connected in the gearshift clutch shaft; The locating dowel pin top exceeds the shift clutch outer wall and forms convexity, and the convexity of locating dowel pin intermittently order is against on the cam curved surface I of clutch cam tooth axle on the cam curved surface II with the shifting cam axle, and on corresponding cam curved surface, is sliding; The locating dowel pin bottom is fixed in the gearshift clutch shaft; And the motion process of locating dowel pin is vertical each other with itself, is difficult for making locating dowel pin to produce and slides reliable operation.
Further, also be provided with the circle ring surface that joins with the cam curved surface II on the shifting cam axle, circle ring surface is corresponding with the position of cam curved surface I; When locating dowel pin its circle ring surface on the shifting cam axle when the cam curved surface 1 of clutch cam tooth axle slides slides; Realize clutch, when the cam curved surface II of shifting cam axle is slided, realize gearshift when locating dowel pin, clutch and shift process unite two into one; Easy and simple to handle reliable, compact conformation.
Preferably, cam curved surface I, cam curved surface II and circle ring surface are 1/4 circular arc, and each curved surface is made easy, and handle rotation radian is little.
Preferably; Clutch cam tooth axle is provided with the ring-type draw-in groove; Clutch retracing spring one end penetrates in the ring-type draw-in groove and props up bottom land; The clutch retracing spring other end props up inner walls, and the clutch retracing spring embeds in the ring-type draw-in groove, can prevent that the clutch retracing spring from radially deformation taking place, displacement takes place and influence the normal operation of manual transmission.
Further; Shifting cam axle inwall is provided with a ladder radially, and gearshift retracing spring one end props up radially ladder bottom, and the gearshift retracing spring other end props up inner walls; When shifting cam axle and shift clutch assembling completion; The gearshift retracing spring is equivalent to embed in the draw-in groove that ladder radially and gearshift clutch shaft outer wall form, and the retracing spring that can prevent equally to shift gears radially deformation takes place, is shifted, the normal operation of assurance manual transmission.
Further, the shifting cam wheelbase is provided with surface bearing from the distal end of handle, after shift clutch and retarder assembling, can reduce the friction between shift lock plate and the shifting cam axle, guarantees normal operation and service life.
Further, handle guarantees can not produce relative rotation between handle and the gearshift clutch shaft through flathead screw captive joint gearshift clutch shaft, and is fixing reliable.
The present invention is owing to having adopted technique scheme, and is easy and simple to handle, reliable operation; This capstan crab gear shift sleeve is in the function that does not reduce capstan winch, also do not reduce under the situation of weight pulling force ratio of capstan winch, increases the double speed function; Clutch and gearshift unite two into one, i.e. gearshift and the shared operating handle of clutch, and will shift gears two actions and the retarder of clutch component generation of reducer structure combines; And each associated gear of retarder was separated automatically under the effect of spring with engagement and is made retarder produce a big retarding than station, a neutral position, a little reduction ratio station when each gear switched; Making only needs operating handle is placed corresponding top gear when gearshift clutch operation, neutral or bottom gear position, and the winch reductor gear will separate and engagement automatically; Operate extremely convenient and reliable; Compact conformation, fault rate is hanged down long service life, can promote the use of in the various winch reductors.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of capstan crab gear shift sleeve of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of clutch cam tooth axle among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of clutch cam tooth axle;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of shifting cam axle among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the front view of shifting cam axle;
Fig. 6 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 combines the exploded view of retarder for shift clutch;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of sun wheel in the retarder;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of clutch gear ring in the retarder;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of output stage satellite gear in the retarder;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of input stage satellite gear in the retarder;
Figure 13 is three kinds of view of shift clutch handle;
Cutaway view when Figure 14 is in state I bottom gear for handle among Figure 13.
The specific embodiment
Extremely shown in Figure 7 like Fig. 1; Be capstan crab gear shift sleeve of the present invention, comprise housing 1 and handle 2, be provided with clutch cam tooth axle 3 in the housing 1; Cross-under has shifting cam axle 4 and gearshift clutch shaft 5 in the clutch cam tooth axle 3; Clutch cam tooth axle 3 is provided with cam curved surface I 32, and shifting cam axle 4 is provided with 42, two cam curved surfaces of cam curved surface II and links in proper order.Also be provided with the circle ring surface 43 that joins with cam curved surface II 42 on the shifting cam axle 4, circle ring surface 43 is corresponding with the position of cam curved surface I 32, and cam curved surface I 32, cam curved surface II 42 and circle ring surface 43 are 1/4 circular arc.Be provided with clutch retracing spring 31 between clutch cam tooth axle 3 and the housing 1, clutch cam tooth axle 3 is provided with ring-type draw-in groove 33, and clutch retracing spring 31 1 ends penetrate in the ring-type draw-in groove 33 and prop up bottom land, and clutch retracing spring 31 other ends prop up housing 1 inwall.Be provided with gearshift retracing spring 41 between shifting cam axle 4 and the housing 1; Shifting cam axle 4 inwalls are provided with a ladder 44 radially; Gearshift retracing spring 41 1 ends prop up radially ladder 44 bottoms; Gearshift retracing spring 41 other ends prop up housing 1 inwall, and shifting cam axle 4 is provided with surface bearing 45 apart from the distal end of handle 2.Gearshift clutch shaft 5 is provided with the positioning element that on cam curved surface, slides, and handle 2 is through flathead screw 21 captive joints gearshift clutch shaft 5.Positioning element adopts locating dowel pin 51; Locating dowel pin 51 bottoms are fixedly connected in the gearshift clutch shaft 5; Locating dowel pin 51 tops exceed the shift clutch outer wall and form protruding 52; The convexity 52 of locating dowel pin 51 intermittently order is against on the cam curved surface I 32 of clutch cam tooth axle 3 on the cam curved surface II 42 with shifting cam axle 4, and on corresponding cam curved surface, is sliding.The convexity 52 of locating dowel pin 51 is passed the cam curved surface I 32 that props up clutch cam tooth axle 3 after the cam curved surface II 42 of shifting cam axle 4; Circle ring surface 43 is corresponding with the position of cam curved surface I 32; When the convexity 52 of locating dowel pin 51 is slided on cam curved surface I 32; The circle ring surface 43 of the convexity 52 of cooresponding locating dowel pin 51 on shifting cam axle 4 slides, and clutch cam tooth axle 3 can independently separately carry out respectively with shifting cam axle 4, also can link successively.
To shown in Figure 14, retarder comprises sun wheel 6, clutch gear ring 7, output stage satellite gear 8 and the input stage satellite gear 9 of input like Fig. 8, and sun wheel 6 cross-under are in clutch gear ring 7, output stage satellite gear 8 and input stage satellite gear 9.Sun wheel 6 is provided with low speed tooth 61 and high speed tooth 62.Be provided with primary annulus 71 in the clutch gear ring 7, clutch cam tooth axle 3 can mesh with primary annulus 71.Output stage satellite gear 8 comprises transmission gear I 81, transmission gear II 82 and drive link I 83, and transmission gear II 82 drives transmission gear I 81 through drive link I 83 and rotates.Input stage satellite gear 9 comprises transmission gear III 91, transmission gear IV 92, drive link II 93 and shift lock plate 94; Transmission gear III 91 and primary annulus 71 engagements; 93 cross-under of drive link II are in shift lock plate 94; Be provided with shift lock spring 95 between drive link II 93 and the shift lock plate 94, be provided with in the shift lock plate 94 and sun wheel 6 high speed teeth 62 cooresponding internal tooths 96, transmission gear III 91 drives shift lock plate 94 through drive link II 93 and rotates with transmission gear IV 92.
Shown in figure 14; Working process is following when retarder is in bottom gear: drive transmission gear III 91 as the low speed tooth 61 of the sun wheel 6 of input end and rotate; Transmission gear III 91 realizes the one-level deceleration with primary annulus 71 engagements; Transmission gear III 91 drives 92 rotations of transmission gear IV and 94 rotations of shift lock plate through drive link II 93, and transmission gear IV 92 and 81 engagements of transmission gear I drive its rotation, and transmission gear I 81 is passed through 82 rotations of drive link I 83 drive transmission gear II and realized output; Because the one-level through satellite gear is slowed down, be output as bottom gear this moment.Shift lock plate 94 contacts with the surface bearing 45 of shifting cam axle 4 and rotates, and this moment, shift lock spring 95 was in compressive state owing to 52 pairs of clutch cam teeth of the convexity axle 3 of locating dowel pin 51 and the position-limiting action of shifting cam axle 4.
When turning handle 2 to state II neutral gear position shown in figure 14; The convexity 52 of locating dowel pin 51 is slided on the cam curved surface I 32 of clutch cam tooth axle 3; Promoting clutch cam tooth axle 3 moves right; Thereby the external tooth 34 of clutch cam tooth axle 3 and primary annulus 71 are broken away from; Simultaneously the convexity 52 of locating dowel pin 51 slides into the junction with cam curved surface II 42 from the end of the circle ring surface 43 of shifting cam axle 4, and this moment, shift lock spring 95 still was in compressive state because the position-limiting action of 52 pairs of gearshifts of the convexity of locating dowel pin 51 camshaft 4.
When being rotated further handle 2 to state III top gear shown in figure 14 position; The convexity 52 of locating dowel pin 51 is slided on the cam curved surface II 42 of shifting cam axle 4; Promoting shifting cam axle 4 moves right; Shift lock plate 94 promoted shift lock plate 94 and moved right under the restoring force effect of shift lock spring 95 this moment, and the internal tooth 96 that makes shift lock plate 94 meshes with the high speed tooth 62 of sun wheel 6, and high speed tooth 62 directly drives 94 rotations of shift lock plate; Shift lock plate 94 drives transmission gear IV 92 through drive link II 93 and rotates; Transmission gear IV 92 is through 8 outputs of output stage satellite gear; Make the satellite gear at the corresponding levels of retarder lose out deceleration effort and directly export with sun wheel 6; Thereby change the retarder reduction ratio, make retarder have top gear.
The backward rotation handle has realized that from state I II to state I I retarder throws off from the clutch of high speed gear; Turning handle is to position I again; Retarder satellite gear at the corresponding levels produces deceleration effort under the effect of two retracing springs, make the retarder reduction ratio increase one-level, forms the bottom gear of retarder.Can certainly be directly I moves position III to and realizes switching from low speed to high speed from the position with handle; Otherwise directly III moves position I realization to from switching to low speed at a high speed from the position with handle.Shift clutch of the present invention increases the double speed function, and clutch and gearshift unite two into one, and compact conformation, easy operation, reliable operation can be applicable in the various winch reductors.