CN101507078B - Current balancer and low-voltage power distribution system - Google Patents

Current balancer and low-voltage power distribution system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101507078B
CN101507078B CN2006800557428A CN200680055742A CN101507078B CN 101507078 B CN101507078 B CN 101507078B CN 2006800557428 A CN2006800557428 A CN 2006800557428A CN 200680055742 A CN200680055742 A CN 200680055742A CN 101507078 B CN101507078 B CN 101507078B
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China
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phase
coil
mutually
current
balancing device
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CN101507078A (en
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饭田阳三
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MATSUOKA KATSUTAKE
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MATSUOKA KATSUTAKE
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
    • H01F30/12—Two-phase, three-phase or polyphase transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/42—Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils
    • H01F27/422—Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils for instrument transformers
    • H01F27/425—Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils for instrument transformers for voltage transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/26—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/50—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

Conventional balancer transformers involve a problem that though they have the function of a stepdown transformer, the voltage adjustment of each phase is inadequate, the transformers are large and heavy, handling of them is difficult when they are installed, and the current balance function is also inadequate. According to the invention, a pair of coils are fabricated by lap-winding two coils in which the balancer currents flowing from the different phases generate magnetic fluxes in mutually opposite directions in one phase. The balancer current flowing from one phase flows through the paired coils of one phase and the other paired coils of the different phase connected the former coils and generates magnetic fluxes in the mutually opposite directions in each phase. These coil pairs form one group. A part-winding method in which coils of groups of paired coils are cascadedly connected in series between the phase end to the neutral point end, and coils are divided into groups is adopted.

Description

Current balancing device and low-voltage distribution system
Technical field
The present invention relates to current balancing device and distribution system, in more detail, relate to current balancing device and the three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system of using it the averaging of disequilibrium of three-phase voltage.
Background technology
In the prior art,, use three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system as using 4 wires, cable to supply with the method for three-phase ac power.Three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system; In Japan do not utilizing very widely; But when comparing with other distribution system; Because have electric wire, number of cables is few, power transformer and electric light transformer can be shared etc. advantage, so extensively utilized in the many foreign countries that comprising developing country.
Although this distribution system has above-mentioned advantage, exist in the load current of each phase, to produce imbalance easily, in each phase voltage of POL, produce big unbalanced problem.Because the load of each phase is not uniformly, so load current is different mutually at each.Furthermore, originally, the N-phase of the neutral point current flows should not, but because of the imbalance, a large current flows through the N-phase common return line (kaesa XIAN).By this N phase current and N mutually the wiring resistance of (common return line) cause that voltage descends, thus, the load voltage of certain phase reduces terrifically.On the other hand, the load voltage of other phase rises on the contrary.Like this, according to producing very big deviation on user's the service voltage that do not coexist, the result significantly worsens in POL electric power quality.
The imbalance of the voltage of POL causes various harmful effects to the work and the life-span of the electric equipment that is connected with POL.For example, in three phase induction motor, the copper loss that rotates, the machinery output of induction machine reduces, and then produces the problem that power factor reduces, temperature rises.As a whole, the electrification in the motor increases, invalidly consumes electric power.In addition, also have in distribution voltage,, and higher voltage is supplied with the whole example of three-phase for the extreme reduction of the voltage of tackling above-mentioned POL from transformer.
As stated, because the imbalance of three-phase voltage exceeds considerable voltage for certain user's supply than nominal voltage value.Under these circumstances, also exist the consumption electric power of this user's load (equipment) to increase, invalidly the problem of consumes electric power.Thereby,, exist and hope in order to save power consumption at user place at POL, carry out too high service voltage is reduced to simultaneously to make equipment operate as normal one side suppress the requirement of adjustment of the suitable voltage value of power consumption as much as possible.
Further, even under the situation of each load balance of three-phase, also the neutral line is cut off and causes electric current not flow through the neutral line for a certain reason.Under these circumstances, in the terminal voltage of each load between the out conductor and the neutral line, generate very big imbalance, sometimes equipment is caused fatal infringement.From this reason, exist the restriction that on the neutral line, can not put into Inturruptor for sub-line, fuse etc., and require to suppress the generation of the Voltage unbalance that the imbalance by threephase load causes.
In order to address the above problem, applicant of the present invention proposed with patent documentation 1 and patent documentation 2 in the scheme of balancer transformer (balancertransformer) of the step-down transformer function integration put down in writing.Current balancing device is not limited to three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system, is well-known as the mechanism of the Voltage unbalance of revising multi-phase AC power.
Figure 11 is the figure of the current balancing device in the explanation three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system.The distribution transformer 30 of three-phase and four-line formula power supply has U, V, each phase of W, is connected with load 32a, 32b, 32c respectively.If in load 32a, 32b, 32c, there is imbalance, then flow into the electric current generation difference of the load of each phase from distribution transformer 30.At this moment, because distribution transformer 30 and up to the wiring resistance of each load produces voltage and descends, in the voltage of each phase, produce difference.As a result, the N of common return line mutually in, flow through originally the electric current I that causes by imbalance that flows through at the Shi Buhui that respectively balances each other N
Be connected in parallel to current balancing device 31 in the end point that connects loaded circuit here.Current balancing device is that transformation ratio is 1: 1 a autotransformer, so that the mode of the electric current equalization of unbalanced each phase is moved.Usually, the mean value of each phase voltage of the state before being applied to phase voltage in each load that is provided with behind the current balancing device 31 and being provided with near current balancing device 31.
Figure 12 is the figure that is illustrated in the structure of disclosed balancer transformer in the patent documentation 1.This balancer transformer has the structure of the distribution transformer that is made up of series coil portion 20 and shunt coil portion 23, has the function of current balancing device and the function of the step-down transformer that carries out the output voltage adjustment jointly.Series coil portion 20 has equal turn numbers, the first series coil 21a, 21b, 21c and the second series coil 22a, 22b, 22c that coil direction is opposite; Likewise; In shunt coil portion 23, also have equal turn numbers, the first shunt coil 24a, 24b, 24c and the second shunt coil 25a, 25b, 25c that coil direction is opposite.Make coil circularly successively with adjacent being connected, flow through electric current in each of three-phase in mutually and since reciprocal current canceling magnetic flux, thereby can improve function as current balancing device.
Figure 13 is the figure of syndeton of the balancer transformer of expression patent documentation 1.With the tie point of series coil portion 20 and shunt coil portion 23 as the efferent that is connected load, thereby work as step-down transformer.That is the adjustment function that, has both output voltage.Through buck functionality, can be used for the voltage adjustment of above-mentioned each user's economize on electricity.
But, in the balancer transformer of the structure of above-mentioned patent documentation 1, exist following problem.In step-down transformer, in series coil portion, need adjustment tap (tap) portion.Because the number of turn of series coil portion is less in step-down transformer, so near the voltage variety the coil turn is bigger, make to be difficult to the tap that output voltage carries out inching.Thereby the trickle adjustment of carrying out voltage in each phase is difficult.In addition, in order to obtain the function of step-down transformer, the structure of whole current balancing device is fairly large, and entire equipment becomes big and becomes heavy.Therefore, exist to produce restriction, and the processing when construction is set is than problems such as difficulties to the place is set.
In addition, because make the function integration of current balancing device and step-down transformer, so need not carry out comprising unwanted function under the situation of other voltage adjustment mutually to each.Accepting or rejecting the essential function this respect of selecting the user to hope, lack structural flexibility.Further,, this balancer transformer is inserted into the structure in the power distribution circuit, so produce fault then the situation of the accident that can cause power failure if exist in the balancer transformer because being series connection.Existing problems aspect the stability of electric power supply, maintenance property.
In developing country, distribution loss in the reduction three-phase and four-line mode power distribution network and the energy-conservation problem that becomes in the power distribution network.Particularly, require to realize reducing distribution loss through reducing the unsymmetrical current of N in mutually.Because the N phase current that is caused by the imbalance of load and the wiring resistance of common return line are consumed as heat in common return line by the part of the electric power of distribution.In order to reduce this distribution loss, require the further performance of current balancing device to improve, make it possible to further make the phase voltage homogenizing, reduce the electric current that flows through common return line.In the balancer transformer of existing structure shown in Figure 13; Because the electric current that flows into from input side, to connecting electric current that loaded outlet side flows out and being vector towards the electric current that input side flows through common return line; Very complicated, so there is the problem of the counterbalance effect that hinders current balancing device.
In developing country, that kind as discussed previously, require equipment miniaturization, simplification, be provided with easily, the choice selectivity of function as required, and the minimizing that imports cost.Also require to improve the equilibrium function of current balancing device, make the distribution system overall simplification.
The present invention proposes in view of these problems, its objective is through the current balancing device than the further raising current balance type of prior art performance is provided, and reduces distribution loss, improves the quality of electric power system, and make current balancing device miniaturization and processing easily more.And, can select the needed current balance type function of electric power system more neatly.In addition, can not need the voltage adjustment part, can utilize distribution transformer to carry out the voltage adjustment, thereby whole electric power system is simplified, reduce cost as existing device through improving the current balance type performance.
Patent documentation 1: japanese kokai publication hei 11-32437 communique
Patent documentation 2: No. 3047691 communiques of Japanese Utility Model registration
Summary of the invention
The present invention; In order to reach these purposes; Scheme 1 described invention is a kind of current balancing device; And neutral point between supply with in the distribution system of 3 phase voltages; This current balancing device has first end, second end and third phase end and the neutral end that be connected with above-mentioned neutral point mutually mutually that connects with each phase voltage; Through above-mentioned first mutually end, second distinguish flow equilibrium device electric current between end and third phase end and the above-mentioned neutral end mutually; Can reduce the imbalance of above-mentioned each phase voltage, this current balancing device is characterised in that: the coil of the balancer current of first phase that flows and second mutually the coil of balancer current that flows, so that above-mentioned each balancer current produces the mode of magnetic flux mutual in the opposite direction in the iron core of first phase; With above-mentioned first mutually the overlapping closely coiling of iron core (lap-winding); The coil that constitutes first phase is right, and an end of the coil of the balancer current of above-mentioned first phase that flows is connected to and the iron core of a third phase end of right 1 coil of the coil of the third phase of overlapping coiling closely, and the balancer current of above-mentioned first phase is mobile with above-mentioned third phase mutually through above-mentioned first; And in the iron core of the iron core of above-mentioned first phase and above-mentioned third phase, produce magnetic flux in the opposite direction respectively; One end of the coil of the balancer current of above-mentioned second phase that flows is connected to and second mutually the iron core end of right 1 coil of the coil of second phase of overlapping coiling closely, and the balancer current of above-mentioned second phase is mobile mutually with above-mentioned second mutually through above-mentioned first, and in the iron core of above-mentioned first phase and above-mentioned second mutually the iron core, produces magnetic flux in the opposite direction respectively; The coil of above-mentioned first phase to the coil of, above-mentioned second phase to the coil of above-mentioned third phase to forming first coil to group; And constitute each right coil of each above-mentioned coil, its equal turn numbers connects in each alternate symmetry circularly; Above-mentioned first coil to the other end of right above-mentioned 1 coil of the coil of above-mentioned second phase in the group further with form first mutually coil right 1 coil of next coil and connect group; Above-mentioned first mutually between end and the above-mentioned neutral end, with through divided a plurality of coils to group, the balancer current of above-mentioned first phase is alternately via above-mentioned first mutually and the above-mentioned second alternate and mobile mode; Each coil is connected in series, constitute above-mentioned a plurality of coil to each coil of group to connecting in each alternate symmetry circularly.
Scheme 2 described inventions are a kind of three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution systems that are used to from R phase, S phase and T output power mutually, it is characterized in that: dispose scheme 1 described current balancing device with each load parallel connection ground mutually mutually and between the T phase and the neutral line at above-mentioned R phase, S.
As discussed above, according to the present invention, the current balancing device that further improves current balance type property than prior art can be provided, can reduce distribution loss, improve the quality of electric power system.Can make current balancing device miniaturization and processing easily more.Further, can select the needed current balancing device function of electric power system more neatly.In addition, through improving the current balance type performance, can not need the voltage adjustment part of each phase.Can utilize distribution transformer to carry out the voltage adjustment, can make whole electric power system simplify the effect that reduces cost thereby have as existing device.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure that the coil of expression current balancing device of the present invention connects.
Fig. 2 is the figure of the further physical structure of expression current balancing device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the coil tie lines figure of another expression way of expression current balancing device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the figure of the magnetic flux of explanation coil pair.
Fig. 5 is the figure of magnetic flux of the coil pair of the overlapping coiling of explanation.
Fig. 6 A be the U of current balancing device of the present invention hold mutually and neutral end between the coil connection layout.
Fig. 6 B be explanation be applied to that U holds mutually and neutral end between each coil on the figure that distributes of voltage.
Fig. 7 A is the figure of the unbalanced correction effect of phase voltage of expression current balancing device of the present invention.
Fig. 7 B is the figure of the mensuration system of the expression effect comparing data that obtains current balancing device.
Fig. 8 is the figure that expression comprises the three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system of current balancing device of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the figure that expression comprises another three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system of current balancing device of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the figure of another distortion application examples of expression current balancing device of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the figure of the operating principle of explanation current balancing device.
Figure 12 is the figure of structure of the balancer transformer of expression prior art.
Figure 13 is the figure of structure of the balancer transformer of expression prior art.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing execution mode of the present invention is described at length.Current balancing device of the present invention, so that never the balancer current that flows out of homophase is at some 2 coils of the overlapping coiling of mode that produce magnetic flux in the opposite direction in mutually respectively, it is right to constitute 1 coil.From 1 balancer current that flows out mutually, flow through the right coil and the right coil of out of phase coil that is connected with this coil of coil of 1 phase, each mutually in generation magnetic flux in the opposite direction.These coils are to forming 1 coil to group.And then multilayer connects from each holding between the neutral end in series mutually to each coil of group also to adopt this coil, according to coil to organizing divided coiling (part-winding) method of cutting apart.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the figure of the connection of each coil in the expression current balancing device of the present invention.With after the conduct stated represent that Fig. 2 of structure chart of further physical image of current balancing device is corresponding.Carry out reference through contrasting two figure, can more easily understand the structure of current balancing device of the present invention.The most suitable three-phase and four-line formula of the current balancing device of the present invention low-voltage distribution system of Fig. 1.Each coil belong to the corresponding U of each pin (iron core) of current balancing device mutually 14, V mutually 15, W some in 16 mutually.As the U of the link that connects with each phase voltage of three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system hold 17 mutually, V hold mutually 18 and W hold 19 mutually, a plurality of coils through being connected in series are connected with neutral terminal N20 respectively.Neutral terminal 20 is connected with the neutral line of three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system.The balancer current of each phase flows through respectively that U holds 17 mutually, V hold mutually 18 and W hold mutually 19 and neutral terminal 20 between.
Below, specify the right annexation of each coil.For the convenience of explaining, the electric current that flows through each right coil of coil holds 17 mutually to flow to U from neutral terminal N20, V holds 18 mutually to hold 19 direction mutually with W be benchmark.Here, describe as starting point with coil 1a, the coil 1b that is configured on the U phase 14.
First group 101 coil 1a and coil 1b form coil to the overlapping U that is wound on mutually on 14 the iron core.Coil 1c and coil 1d and coil 1e and coil 1f also as coil to respectively overlapping be wound on V mutually 15 with W mutually on 16 the iron core.Likewise, coil 2a and coil 2b, coil 2c and coil 2d, coil 2e and coil 2f, coil 3a and coil 3b, coil 3c and coil 3d and coil 3e and coil 3f also distinguish overlapping coiling.Each coil is to being divided into first group 101, second groups 102 and the 3rd groups 103.
The end 1 of coil 1a is connected with neutral end N20, the other end 2 with 16 constitute the right coil 1e of coils mutually at W, the end 4 of coil 1f among the coil 1f connects.The other end 3 of coil 1f be positioned at second group 102 U mutually the end 5 of 14 coil 2a connect., please note the balancer current that flows through coil 1a from neutral end N20 here, pass through the coil 1f of W phase 16, get back to U phase 14 once more and flow through coil 2a from the coil 1a of U phase 14.In addition, each right terminal is connected to please note coil, make balancer current with out of phase 2 U mutually 14 with W mutually in 16, the mode of the magnetic flux mutual in the opposite direction with respect to the pin direction generation of current balancing device flows through coil 1a and coil 1f.
In the coil 3a of second group 102 coil 2a, coil 2f and the 3rd group 103, coil 3f, repeat same method of attachment.Thereby, hold 19 mutually from neutral end N20 to W, with the order of U phase, W phase, U phase, W phase, U phase, W phase, balancer current alternately flow through 2 different alternate.First group 101 U is 14 coil 1a mutually, and the end 11 of 16 coil 3f is final mutually holds 19 connections mutually with W through the 3rd group 103 W.
At U mutually 14, with the end 4 of the coil 1b of the overlapping coiling of coil 1a, the V that is connected with neutral end N20 with an end 1 is the other end 2 connections of 15 coil 1c mutually.And, the other end 3 of coil 1b be positioned at second group 102 V mutually the end 5 of 15 coil 2c connect., please note the balancer current that flows through coil 1c from neutral end 20 here, pass through the coil 1b of U phase 14, get back to V phase 15 once more and flow through coil 2c from the coil 1c of V phase 15.In addition, each right terminal is connected to please note coil, make balancer current with out of phase 2 V mutually 15 with U mutually in 14, the mode of the magnetic flux mutual in the opposite direction with respect to the pin direction generation of current balancing device flows through coil 1c and coil 1b.
In the coil 3b of second group 102 coil 2b, coil 2c and the 3rd group 103, coil 3c, repeat same method of attachment.Thereby, hold 17 mutually from neutral end 20 to U, this time with the order of V phase, U phase, V phase, U phase, V phase, U phase, balancer current alternately flows between 2 different phases.First group V is 15 coil 1c mutually, and the end 11 of 14 coil 3b is final mutually holds 17 connections mutually with U through the 3rd group U.
In the superincumbent explanation, with by be configured in first group 101 U mutually 14 coil 1a, coil that coil 1b constitutes to being illustrated as starting point.Even with the coil that constitutes by coil 1c, coil 1d to the coil that constitutes by coil 1e, coil 1f to as starting point, the symmetric relation of circulation too can be in U phase, V phase, W these 3 alternate establishments mutually.That is, at 1 coil in organizing, constitute 1 right coil of 1 right coil of 1 coil of certain phase and the coil that constitutes another phase with each mutually in the mode that flows through of the balancer current of generation magnetic flux in the opposite direction be connected.And the connection between these two phases is repeated with respect to later each the right coil of coil of next group.Hold 17 mutually at U, V hold mutually 18 and W hold mutually between 19 each and the neutral end N20, be formed on the structure of two alternate alternately serial connecting coils.With respect to each phase of U phase, V phase, W phase, form the connection of the symmetry of circulation.
Can easily understand according to above explanation, become annexation with the mode difference flow equilibrium device electric current that in each right coil of the coil of overlapping coiling, also in identical iron core, produces magnetic flux in the opposite direction each other.In the coil pair that constitutes by coil 1a, coil 1b, in the iron core of U phase 14, to produce the mode of magnetic flux in the opposite direction each other, difference flow equilibrium device electric current in coil 1a, coil 1b.Coil 1c, 1d and coil 1e, 1f also are same.
Fig. 2 is the connection layout of physical connection state that more specifically shows each coil of current balancing device of the present invention.Corresponding with each coil of Fig. 1, for example, coil 1a and the overlapping coiling of coil 1b, it is right to form 1 coil.In Fig. 2, U mutually 14, V mutually 15,16 right with being wound with each coil respectively each pin unshakable in one's determination mutually are corresponding mutually for W.If the shape of the core constitutes the magnetic flux of each phase of a shared circuit (kaesa path) of the tripod-shaped three-phase transformer core, to be described later can be generated as long as the balance of the effect of the magnetic flux can be any shape that.
In addition, in Fig. 2, the mode that goes up alignment arrangements along the axle of the iron core of 1 phase is put down in writing to organizing each coil of 101,102,103 with each coil, but be not limited to this structure.That is, also can be around the iron core of each phase, first group the coil of at first reeling is right, so above that with second group 102 coil to, the 3rd group 103 the right order of coil, lamination and the structure that forms successively on concentric basis.
Fig. 3 is the coil tie lines figure of the structure of expression current balancing device of the present invention.The terminal numbers of the terminal numbers of each coil and Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is common.Can know it is each phase with respect to U phase, V phase, W phase, symmetry connects the structure of each coil circularly.
Fig. 4 is the figure of magnetic flux of each coil pair of explanation current balancing device of the present invention.In Fig. 4, schematically show right coil 1a, the 1b of coil of first group U phase.In Fig. 4, be recited as 2 coils and separate, but therefore coil of the present invention is not be configured to position relation shown in Figure 4 to being overlapping coiling in order to describe.As illustrated in fig. 1,, flow through electric current I in the opposite direction with each coil 1a, coil 1b 1 coil pair 1, I 2The overlapping coiling of mode.Thereby, the magnetic flux Ф that in each coil, produces 1, Ф 2In the opposite direction each other.
Fig. 5 is the overlapping figure that be wound on situation that 1 pin in magnetic flux offset of explanation through coil.Coil in the current balancing device of the present invention is right, as shown in Figure 5ly makes 2 parallel overlapping closely coilings of winding wire.Formation is by the magnetic flux Ф of the coil generation of each overlapping coiling 1, Ф 2The non-inductive circuit of in 1 pin, cancelling out each other.Therefore can eliminate inner reaction component.In Fig. 5, strong shunting action works in 2 coil 1a, 1b, shunts by the strong hand, and making electric current that flows through coil 1a and the electric current that flows through coil 1b respectively is 1/2, and electric current keeps balance.
As stated, current balancing device of the present invention characteristic is to use the coil of overlapping coiling right.Below, the method for winding of cutting apart as another characteristic of current balancing device of the present invention is described.When form through above-mentioned overlapping coiling method coil to the time, right each coiling of each coil is parallel reels closely.Therefore, worry that the dielectric voltage withstand between 2 right coils of coil reduces.
Each figure of Fig. 6 is the explanation figure of cutting apart the effect of method for winding of the present invention.For easy understanding, Fig. 6 A only put down in writing that the U that is connected Fig. 1 holds mutually and neutral end N between coil.Can know according to Fig. 6 A, as having explained among Fig. 1, U and V mutually between, each coil alternately connects.Utilize this method of attachment, flow through U and hold mutually with the electric current of neutral end N and be distributed to 2 flows mutually.Electric current strides across the flows that respectively alternates, thereby works with making current balance typeization.
Fig. 6 B is the figure that explains that the voltage on each coil that is applied to Fig. 6 A distributes.U hold mutually and neutral end N between, apply the full phase voltage E of U phase.Here, if the coil 1b of each group has the identical number of turn with coil 1c, coil 2b and coil 2c, coil 3b and coil 3c, then phase voltage E is distributed to each coil, on each coil, applies the voltage of E/6.Thereby, the withstand voltage E/6 of being to the maximum that should consider in the coil pair of overlapping coiling closely.The coil of current balancing device of the present invention each hold mutually and neutral end between to be split into a plurality of groups coil right.Coil is to can be through fully insulation such as insulating material between each group.And then at 1 coil in organizing, via 2 out of phase coils between and connect.Balancer current flows through the in series current path of the structure of multilayer connection of coil, thereby carries out dividing potential drop to applying voltage mutually, can prevent in the reduction of overlapping coiling coil to the dielectric voltage withstand of part.
In addition, in embodiments of the invention illustrated in figures 1 and 2, coil to being divided into 3 groups from first group to the 3rd group, is formed 3 structures cut apart.But, be not limited thereto.Also can be 2 to cut apart or 4 structures cut apart.
Fig. 7 A be expression to the unbalanced correction effect of the current balancing device that utilizes current balancing device of the present invention and prior art compare and must the figure of data.R phase, S phase, T phase each mutually in the variable test load of connection; Form the load of non-equilibrium state, the situation (No1,4) that does not have current balancing device, the situation (No2,5) with current balancing device of existing type and situation (No3,6) with current balancing device of structure of the present invention are compared.About the current balancing device of existing type, the buck functionality of removing in the structure of Figure 12 only compares evaluation to the current balancing device funtion part.
Fig. 7 B is the figure of the structure of the expression mensuration system that obtains above-mentioned comparing data.The voltage between phases of mains side, phase current are measured in distribution transformer 70 sides of analog ligand line resistance 71a, 71b, 71c, 71d.Utilize variable test load 75a, 75b, 75c to form the load of non-equilibrium state.Be connected in parallel with variable test load 75a, 75b, 75c through Inturruptor for sub-line (MCCB) by test current balancer 72.
According to the comparing data of Fig. 7 A, can know that through current balancing device of the present invention is set the N phase current that flows to mains side via the common return line never 16.7A (No1) under the situation of current balancing device reduces to 0.6A (No2) sharp.In addition, the deviation amplitude of the voltage between phases of the load-side never 54V (No1) under the situation of current balancing device is reduced to 1/3 significantly, i.e. 17V (No3).Can know can with deviation amplitude be suppressed to output voltage 10% with interior degree.Can know if be provided with current balancing device of the present invention then have loss of voltage extremely low in voltage between phases, make the whole effect that increases of voltage between phases.Compare with the situation (No2,5) of the current balancing device that is provided with existing type, also can know obtaining very big improvement aspect the unbalanced correction of the voltage between phases of the minimizing of the N of the common return line that flows to mains side phase current and load-side.
The data of Fig. 7 A relatively in, the balancer transformer of existing type only compares current balancing device funtion part and current balancing device of the present invention.Thereby, can think above-mentioned effect be by the coil of the distinctive overlapping coiling of the present invention to, at coil to striding across alternate connection and a plurality of coil the effect that method for winding produces of cutting apart in organizing to group.
As stated,, have the imbalance of each phase voltage of revising POL, make via common return line and flow to the effect that the N phase current of mains side significantly reduces through current balancing device of the present invention is arranged on load-side.Thus, can significantly reduce the power loss that produces by the wiring resistance of the common return line from the distribution transformer to the load.In developing country etc. because the distribution interval of three-phase and four-line formula is longer, so to reduce the effect of the distribution loss that the wiring resistance by the N phase produces very big through utilizing current balancing device of the present invention to reduce the N phase current.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 8 is the figure of embodiment that expression utilizes the three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system of current balancing device of the present invention.Each phase voltage of supplying with from distribution transformer 50 is connected with distributor cap 51 with the neutral line through each phase distribution.Distribution to distributor cap 51 has wiring resistance r u, r v, r w, r nOutput from distributor cap 51 is connected with voltage adjuster 53.Voltage adjuster 53 has the tap that is used for the voltage adjustment in each phase, and the output tap of each phase is connected to the end of load 55a, 55b, 55c.The neutral terminal of voltage adjuster 53 is connected to the neutral terminal of distributor cap 51 with the other end of each load 55a, 55b, 55c.
Current balancing device 52 of the present invention near the outlet side of distributor cap 51, is connected with respectively being in parallel.The unsymmetrical current that is generated by the imbalance of load 55a, 55b, 55c is absorbed in current balancing device 52, can reduce the electric current I of common return line at the B point significantly nThereby,, also can significantly reduce the distribution loss that the wiring resistance by common return line produces even under the long situation of 51 distribution from distribution transformer 50 to distributor cap.
Usually, working voltage adjuster 53 adjustment phase voltages make it possible to promptly to be guaranteed as the steady operation of the equipment of the load power savings of the power consumption in the minimizing equipment as much as possible again.But the current balancing device of the application of the invention also can omit voltage adjuster 53.Because can make the phase voltage homogenizing of POL, so each of each phase is not carried out necessity of voltage adjustment through current balancing device of the present invention.In this case, in distribution transformer 50, distributor cap 51,, can be adjusted into the voltage that satisfies the power savings of hoping through adjust voltage in three phases blanketly.
An example of the tap structure of the distribution transformer that table 1 expression is general.In distribution transformer, because secondary side current is big, so in the primary side distribution, be provided with tap, maximum can be carried out from+5% to-5% voltage adjustment.Can sum up the voltage of adjustment about 10%.Thereby,, also can use as the voltage adjustment of the distribution transformer of already present equipment so far through suppressing each alternate voltage deviation with current balancing device of the present invention even do not contain the buck functionality of the balancer transformer of existing type.
[table 1]
Tap Deviation Primary voltage 6000V Secondary voltage 400V
I +5％ 6300V 420V
II +2.5％ 6150V 410V
III HOM 6000V 400V
IV -2.5％ 5850V 390V
V -5％ 5700V 380V
The comparison calculated example of the balancer transformer of existing type and the place capacity of current balancing device of the present invention is as shown in table 2.Table 2 is calculated example of each compatible amount relevant with the balancer transformer of existing type.The balancer transformer of existing type because in series be inserted in the distribution system path, so whole place capacity is the total of the capacity of each phase, needs 168.3KVA.
[table 2]
Voltage * electric current Capacity
The U phase 219V×273A 59.8KVA
The V phase 223V×210A 46.83KVA
The W phase 218V×283A 61.7KVA
Add up to 168.3KVA
On the other hand, in current balancing device of the present invention because the N phase current is 69A under the loading condition of table 2, so if current balancing device each mutually in each 1/3 ground flow equilibrium device electric current equably, the capacity of then per 1 phase is 220V * 69/3=5.06KVA.The whole capacity of the current balancing device that three-phase adds up to is 15.2KVA.Compare with the situation of the current balancing device of the existing type of table 2, current balancing device of the present invention can only be the place capacity below 1/10.Be inserted into the current balancing device of the present invention of the load of each phase, because the capacity of equipment is little, so can significantly reduce the size and the weight of equipment integral parallelly connectedly.Further, owing to be to be connected in parallel,, also can avoid significant problems such as power failure through protective circuit that current balancing device had etc. and power circuit disconnection even produce under the situation of fault at current balancing device itself.The repairing of current balancing device and replacing etc. are easy to, and the maintenance property of equipment is good.
As previously discussed, compare the performance that can further improve the electric current equalization, therefore can omit voltage adjuster 53, thereby can reduce the whole cost of distribution system from three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system with the balancer transformer of prior art.In addition, through omitting voltage adjuster 53, can increase the degree of freedom aspect the place other being provided with of electric equipment, improve be provided with, the convenience of construction.In addition, in order to adjust the power factor of load, can use into phase electric capacity 54 as required.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 9 is the figure of another embodiment that expression utilizes the three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system of current balancing device of the present invention.It is the application examples under the situation of, load decentralized configuration long from the distribution of distribution transformer 60 distance.From R line, S line, T line, the N line of distribution transformer 60, be connected with load 65a through having wiring resistance 61a, 61b, 61c, 61d respectively.And the R line, S line, T line, the N line that begin to have wiring resistance 63a, 63b, 63c, 63d from load 65a prolong, and are connected with the second load 65b.Near the load 65a and the second load 65b near, current balancing device 62a of the present invention, 62b are connected in parallel respectively.In between the big long distribution area of each wiring resistance, dispose a plurality of current balancing devices of the present invention, can reduce the electric current that flows through the common return line in each distribution interval, reduce distribution loss.In the power distribution network of developing country, the prolongation distance of the distribution section of 4 lines, to improve the effect of quality of power supply very big through reducing distribution loss.
Embodiment 4
Figure 10 is that expression makes the current balancing device of the present invention figure of the structure of stabilisation more.Can be on current balancing device of the present invention further and establish ballast coil.The structure of Figure 10 is the structure of on the current balancing device of Fig. 1, appending the coil 4a of Δ connection, 4b, 4c.Through appending the coil seldom that Δ connects, can make the stable performanceization of current balancing device.The Δ coiled wire-wound coil constitutes closed circuit, is not connected with in the field power supply of current balancing device and the load any.Can make the neutral point current potential stable, reduce zero layer impedance (zero phase of impedance).Effect with the assimilation effect that improves the N phase current.
Specify as above,, the current balancing device that further improves current balance type than prior art can be provided, can reduce distribution loss, improve the quality of electric power system according to the present invention.Can make the more small-sized and easy processing of current balancing device.In addition, through improving the current balance type performance, can utilize existing distribution transformer to carry out the voltage adjustment, thereby can not need the voltage adjustment part.Has the electric power system of making overall simplification, the effect that reduces cost.Can only select the needed current balancing device function of electric power system neatly.
According to the present invention, the current balancing device that further improves current balance type than prior art can be provided.Can be used in the electric power system that reduces distribution loss.

Claims (2)

1. current balancing device; And neutral point between supply with in the distribution system of 3 phase voltages; This current balancing device has first end, second end and third phase end and the neutral end that be connected with said neutral point mutually mutually that connects with each phase voltage; Through at said first end, the second flow equilibrium device electric current respectively between end and third phase end and the said neutral end mutually mutually, the imbalance of said each phase voltage of minimizing, this current balancing device is characterised in that:
The coil of the balancer current of first phase that flows and mobile second mutually the coil of balancer current; So that said each balancer current produces the mode of magnetic flux in the opposite direction each other in the iron core of first phase; With said first mutually the overlapping closely coiling of iron core; The coil that constitutes first phase is right
One end of the coil of the balancer current of said first phase that flows is connected to and the iron core of a third phase end of right 1 coil of the coil of the third phase of overlapping coiling closely; The balancer current of said first phase flows through said first phase and said third phase; And in the iron core of the iron core of said first phase and said third phase, produce magnetic flux in the opposite direction respectively; One end of the coil of the balancer current of said second phase that flows is connected to and second mutually the iron core end of right 1 coil of the coil of second phase of overlapping coiling closely; The balancer current of said second phase flows with said second through said first mutually mutually, and in the iron core of said first phase and said second mutually the iron core, produces magnetic flux in the opposite direction respectively, the coil of said first phase to the coil of, said second phase to the coil of said third phase to forming first coil to organizing; And constitute each right coil of each said coil; Its equal turn numbers connects in each alternate symmetry circularly
Each coil is connected in series according to following mode: said first coil is to the other end of right said 1 coil of the coil of said second phase in the group; Further with form first mutually coil right 1 coil of next coil and connect group; Make said second mutually the end and said neutral end between; The balancer current of said second phase alternately said first mutually and said second flow between mutually through and through divided a plurality of coils to group, and constitute said a plurality of coil to each coil of group to connecting in each alternate symmetry circularly.
2. three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system, it is used to from R phase, S mutually and T output power mutually, and this three-phase and four-line formula low-voltage distribution system is characterised in that:
Dispose the described current balancing device of claim 1 with each load parallel connection ground mutually mutually and between the T phase and the neutral line at said R phase, S.
CN2006800557428A 2006-08-30 2006-10-27 Current balancer and low-voltage power distribution system Expired - Fee Related CN101507078B (en)

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