CN101506716A - Autostereoscopic display device and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Autostereoscopic display device and method of manufacturing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101506716A
CN101506716A CNA2007800307658A CN200780030765A CN101506716A CN 101506716 A CN101506716 A CN 101506716A CN A2007800307658 A CNA2007800307658 A CN A2007800307658A CN 200780030765 A CN200780030765 A CN 200780030765A CN 101506716 A CN101506716 A CN 101506716A
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display panel
display
imaging device
faces
spacing
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CNA2007800307658A
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CN101506716B (en
Inventor
H·朱德马
S·沃德曼
R·G·A·范阿格索文
E·A·W·G·詹森
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays

Abstract

An autostereoscopic display device comprises a display panel having an array of display pixels for producing a display, the display pixels being arranged in rows and columns; and an imaging arrangement for directing the output from different pixels to different spatial positions to enable a stereoscopic image to be viewed. The display panel and imaging arrangement are coupled together around a seal line, and a volume defined between the display panel, the imaging arrangement and the seal line has a reduced pressure. At least one of the display panel and the imaging arrangement is provided with a channel within the volume. This channel enables the volume defined to be increased in size but whilst maintaining a small spacing between the display panel and imaging arrangement. This increased volume means that the pressure will change less quickly in response to gas leakage across the seal line.

Description

Auto-stereoscopic display device and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to one type auto-stereoscopic display device, comprise display panel with the array of display pixels that is used to produce demonstration and the imaging device that is used for different views is guided to different spatial.
Background technology
First example of the imaging device that uses in such display is for example for having the barrier (barrier) of adjusting the slit of size and position according to the display picture element below being positioned at.If beholder's head is positioned at the fixed position, then he can see 3D rendering.Barrier places display panel the place ahead and is designed so that from the photoconduction of odd and even number pixel column left eye and the right eye to the beholder.
The shortcoming of this class dual view display design is that the beholder must be positioned at the fixed position and about 3cm that can only or move right left.In more preferred embodiment, each slit below has a plurality of sub-pixel column, rather than two sub-pixel column.In this way, the beholder can left and move right, and its eyes can be seen stereo-picture all the time.
This barrier device makes simple but optical efficiency is low.Therefore preferred alternatives is to use lens devices as this imaging device.For example, the array of elongated biconvex (lenticular) element can be set to extend in parallel to each other and cover array of display pixels, and watches display pixel by these lenticular element.
Lenticular element is set to the element thin plate, and each element thin plate comprises elongated semi-cylinder lens element.Lenticular element is extended along the column direction of display panel, and each lenticular element covers the respective sets of two or more adjacent display pixels row.
In for example each biconvex lens layout relevant with two row display pixels, the display pixel in every row provides the terrace cut slice of respective two dimensional sub-image.This lenticular sheet guides to the user's who is in thin plate the place ahead left eye and right eye respectively with these two sections and from the respective slice of the columns of display pixels relevant with other biconvex lens, makes the user watch single stereo-picture.Therefore sheet of lenticular elements provides light output guiding function.
In other were arranged, the group of in each biconvex lens and the line direction four or more heterogeneous adjacent display pixel was relevant.The respective column of display pixel is appropriately arranged so that the terrace cut slice from respective two dimensional sub-image to be provided in every group.When user's head is mobile from left to right, will see for example producing a series of continuous different three-dimensional views of looking around effect.
The said equipment provides effective 3-D display.But will recognize, in order to provide three-dimensional view, the horizontal resolution of necessary sacrifice equipment.For such as being used for from the application-specific of the display of the small text characters of closely watching, the sacrifice of this resolution is unacceptable.Owing to this reason, a kind of display device that can switch has been proposed between two-dimensional model and three-dimensional (solid) pattern.
A kind of mode of implementing this equipment provides the switchable lenticular array of a kind of electricity.In two-dimensional model, the lenticular element of this switchable device work in " by " pattern, that is, it works according to the mode identical with the planar sheet of optically transparent material.The display that obtains has the high resolving power that equates with the intrinsic resolution of display panel, and this is applicable to the display of the small text characters of nearly viewing distance.This two dimensional mode can't provide stereo-picture certainly.
In three dimensional pattern, the lenticular element of this switchable device provides light output guiding function, as mentioned above.The display that obtains can provide stereo-picture, but occurs resolution loss as mentioned above inevitably.
For switchable display modes is provided, the lenticular element of this switchable device is by forming such as the such electrooptical material with the refractive index that can switch between two values of liquid crystal material.By applying suitable electromotive force to the plane electrode that is arranged at the lenticular element above and below, this equipment switches between these patterns subsequently.The refractive index that electromotive force makes lenticular element changes with respect to the refractive index of adjacent optical clear layer.About the more detailed description of the structure of this switchable device and work can be at United States Patent (USP) 6,069, find in 650.
Summary of the invention
Present invention relates in general to the installation of this lens devices (no matter be static or switchable) to display panel.These lens devices must be installed with the 2D display next-door neighbour under employed.This is the requirement of equipment work, and it requires focus and the colored filter of 2D panel of lens on lenticular plate to be separated by (controlled) distance certain.Moreover it is constant that this distance keeps on whole display active region, thereby guarantee the identical performance of whole display output.
The present invention is defined by independent claims.Dependent claims definition preferred embodiment.
According to the present invention, provide auto-stereoscopic display device as claimed in claim 1.
This passage makes the volume size of definition increase, and keeps spacing little between display panel and the imaging device simultaneously.The volume of this increase means that pressure will leak in response to the gas through potted line and change more slowly.
Spacing between the surface that faces with each other of this display panel and imaging device is preferably less than 200 μ m, and more preferably less than 100 μ m.Maximum spacing between this display panel and the imaging device is preferably at the sealing line, and the pressure that reduces forms littler spacing on the display remainder.
This passage preferably extends near the periphery at least partially in the display in the sealing line.This means that potted line does not need to increase length substantially, and display panel area does not need to increase yet.
This width of channel and the degree of depth are preferably more than the maximum spacing between the surface of facing with each other of this display panel and imaging device, make the additional volume of this passage account for leading.The volume of this passage is all the other definition twices of volumes or even five times.
For example, this channel width can be 0.2mm to 2mm for 0.5mm to 10mm and channel depth.
This display panel can comprise the array of independently addressable emission, transmission, refraction or diffractive display pixels, for example display panels.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of making auto-stereoscopic display device.
This method used vacuum to reduce gap size before sealing and curing.The spacing that faces with each other between the surface of display panel and imaging device is reduced to less than 200 μ m, perhaps more preferably less than 100 μ m.Sealing can be solidified before or after closed charging door.
This method also is included in define channel in this lenticular array, and this passage is at least partially near peripheral extension of the display in the sealing line.This provides advantage mentioned above.
Description of drawings
Referring now to accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are described fully by way of example, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the perspective schematic view of known automatic stereoscopic display device;
Fig. 2 and 3 is used for the principle of work of the lens arra of the display device shown in the key drawing 1;
How Fig. 4 provides different views (that is the output of gathering from different pixels) to different spatial if schematically showing lens devices;
Fig. 5 illustrates known 2D display, the starting point that it is made for the 3D display;
Fig. 6 illustrates installation method of the present invention;
Fig. 7 illustrates according to the present invention, lenticular array is installed to the mode of display panel; And
Fig. 8 is used for the adjustment example of the equipment shown in the key drawing 7.
Embodiment
In one aspect, the invention provides a kind of automatic stereoscopic display device, wherein lenticular array is installed to display panel by vacuum, and lane device is used to improve the volume of vacuum chamber, be difficult for gas leakage takes place so that passage in time should be installed, kept gap little between lenticular array and the display panel simultaneously.On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of vacuum installation method.
Fig. 1 is the perspective schematic view of known direct view auto-stereoscopic display device 1.This known device 1 comprises the display panels 3 of active matrix-type, and it is used as spatial light modulator to make this display.
Display panel 3 has the orthogonal array of the display pixel 5 of arranging according to row and column.For the purpose of clear, only a spot of display pixel 5 is shown among Fig. 1.In fact, display panel 3 can comprise the display pixel 5 of about 1,000 row and several thousand row.
The structure of display panels 3 is traditional fully.Particularly, panel 3 comprises a pair of transparent glass substrate that separates, and aims at twisted-nematic or other liquid crystal materials and is arranged at this between the transparent glass substrate.These substrates are loaded with the pattern of transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode on its surface that faces with each other.Polarization layer also is arranged on the outside surface of substrate.
Each display pixel 5 comprises the opposite electrode that is positioned on the substrate, and middle liquid crystal material is between these opposite electrodes.The shape of display pixel 5 and layout are by the shape and the layout decision of electrode.Display pixel 5 separates regularly by the gap each other.
Each display pixel 5 is with relevant such as the such on-off element of thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT) or thin film diode (TFD).By providing address signal to on-off element, display pixel work shows to produce, and the addressing scheme that is fit to is known to those skilled in the art.
Display panel 3 is by light source 7 irradiations, and light source 7 is included in the planar backlight of extending on the zone of array of display pixels in this case.Light from light source 7 is conducted through display panel 3, and corresponding display pixel 5 is actuated to modulate this light and produces and shows.
Display device 1 also comprises the lenticular sheet 9 on the demonstration side that is arranged in display panel 3, and it is carried out view and forms function.Lenticular sheet 9 comprises the row of the lenticular element 11 of extending in parallel to each other, for the purpose of clear, only with the size of amplifying one of them is shown.
Lenticular element 11 is the form of projection shape lens, and exports guiding device so that different images or the view eyes to the user who is in display device 1 the place ahead to be provided from display panel 3 as light.
Auto-stereoscopic display device 1 shown in Fig. 1 can provide some different see-through view along different directions.Particularly, the group's display pixel 5 in the every row of each lenticular element 11 covering.Lenticular element 11 is throwed each display pixel 5 of one group along different directions, thereby forms some different views.When user's head from a left side when moving right, his/her eye will be seen the different views in these some views successively.
As mentioned above, proposed to provide a kind of electricity switchable lens elements.This makes display to switch between 2D and 3D pattern.
Fig. 2 and 3 schematically shows the array of the electricity switchable lenticular elements 35 that can adopt in the equipment shown in Fig. 1.This array comprises a pair of transparent glass substrate 39,41, and the transparency electrode 43,45 that is formed by tin indium oxide (ITO) is arranged on this surface that faces with each other to transparent glass substrate.The inverse lens structure 47 of using reproduction technology to form is arranged between the substrate 39,41, and substrate 39 on the vicinity.Liquid crystal material 49 also is arranged between the substrate 39,41, contiguous substrate 41 down.
Inverse lens structure 47 causes liquid crystal material 49 to be parallel elongate biconvex shape between inverse lens structure 47 and following substrate 41, shown in the sectional drawing of Fig. 2 and 3.Inverse lens structure 47 also is provided with the oriented layer (not shown) with the surface that following substrate 41 contacts with liquid crystal material, is used for directed this liquid crystal material.
Fig. 2 illustrates the array when not having electromotive force to be applied to electrode 43,45.Therefore under this state, the refractive index of liquid crystal material 49 is higher than the refractive index of inverse lens array 47 substantially, and the biconvex shape provides light output guiding function, as shown in the figure.
Fig. 3 illustrates the array when about 50 to 100 volts alternating potential is applied to electrode 43,45.Under this state, the refractive index of liquid crystal material 49 equals the refractive index of inverse lens array 47 substantially, makes the light output guiding function of biconvex shape eliminate, as shown in the figure.Therefore, under this state, this array in fact work in " by " pattern.
About the more details of the structure of the switchable lenticular elements array that is applicable to the display device shown in Fig. 1 and work can be at United States Patent (USP) 6,069, find in 650.
Fig. 4 illustrates the principle of work of aforesaid biconvex type image forming apparatus, and illustrate backlight 50, such as display device 54 and the lenticular array 58 of LCD.
The present invention relates to of the installation of biconvex (or other) lens array device to display panel.
Fig. 5 illustrates the Known designs on the basis of 2D module.
This device comprises LC module 60 and is positioned at polarizer on the substrate 76 and the lamination 62 of brightness enhancement foil.
This LC module comprises two glass substrate 64 that insert and put LC material layer 66, and is provided with two polarizers 68.Sealing is represented with 70.The LC module has the thickness of about 2mm usually.
This display module has base plate 72, and fixed mount 71 is used for producing mechanical stability in the 2D module, by the installation site of spacer block/damping element 74 decision lc units with respect to lamination 62.Sept 74 thickness are about 2mm, and the interval that faces with each other between the surface of resulting LC panel and lamination 62 is about 3.8mm.
The common thick about 0.9mm of this lamination.
Backlight not shown in Fig. 5.
A kind of traditional approach of making the 3D display is to begin with complete 2D display apparatus module, and it is updated to the 3D display.
In order to make the structure shown in the assembly drawing 5 in this way, implement following step:
-by removing fixed mount 71 and dismounting electron device, from this 2D module dismounting 2D panel;
-this 2D panel is placed on the platform;
-use the lenticular array of use edge sealing to obtain the 3D panel;
-introduce the additional glass plate this panel can be squeezed between lenticular array and add-in card in this 3D panel back;
-this 3D panel sets is installed in the original 2D module, obtain the 3D module.
In this manufacturing process, run into problems:
-in the assembly and disassembly process of this display, electron device can be impaired;
-this manufacturing process expends time in and the labour very much;
-lenticular array only is installed to face plate edge, makes to be very difficult to guaranteed performance, because panel and biconvex lens can be crooked;
-display panel itself is may be unsatisfactory smooth and have Feng Hegu, and this makes and is difficult to guaranteed performance;
The needs of the add-in card of-3D panel back have increased system weight and have changed the thermal behavior of system, may cause performance change.
Therefore this dismounting and the method that re-assemblies exist many shortcomings.
The invention provides a kind of vacuum installation method, this method still can be adjusted standard 2D panel, makes thus and can use the display module that can be purchased off the shelf, but solved part the problems referred to above.
Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram of explanation assemble method of the present invention.
By cleaning 78 and use in step 79 and to be sealed to thin sheet surface and to handle lenticular sheet.The sealing line comprises charging door and around the lenticular sheet edge, makes it center on the viewing area in finished product.Sealing can change into and be applied to display panel side.It is 2 to 5mm thick that lenticular array is generally.
Handle the 2D display module in step 80 by removing fixed mount 71 from the 2D module.Yet, do not need to remove this dual panel display and disconnect the demonstration electron device thus.
After cleaning in step 82, in step 84, lenticular array is coupled in step 85 at aligning and two panels on the potted line.
In step 86, to using vacuum by the space of lenticular array, potted line and the definition of 2D panel.
In step 88, the charging door closure, and, solidify sealing in step 90.
This process make LCD panel and lenticular plate as far as possible near-earth be installed together, have the as far as possible little gap suitable therebetween with the Tolerance level of LCD panel and lenticular plate.Use potted line to mean that plate can't move after this technology is finished.Potted line is preferably curable fluids with the formation packing ring, and sealing is used for LCD panel and lenticular plate are coupled.
Vacuum is used to reduce the cavity size between LCD and the lenticular plate.By the air in the cavity of finding time, the volume of cavity reduces.
Preferably, the sealing line is extruded to the thick thickness of 50 to 100 μ m.When the spacing between LCD panel and the lenticular plate has reached desired spacing, stop to use vacuum.This spacing is less and in potted line place maximum, this spacing will increase to the size of 50 to 100 μ m at the potted line place at the center of viewing area.
Potted line can permeate by water and solidify; Perhaps can use the encapsulant of two kinds of compositions, application of temperature and/or UV driven are solidified.
As a result, two plates very closely are installed together.The existence of inside cavity vacuum is not required for retaining plate and fixes, and it is used as Alignment Process but not the part of technique for fixing.
This method has prevented in the assembly and disassembly process damage to electron device, because display no longer needs complete dismounting.Lenticular array and panel are closely installed on the whole active region of display by biconvex-inside and outside pressure differential of panel combination, and the gap homogeneity is provided thus.This method has been avoided the demand to other glass plate.
Check after the sealing that in step 92 use fixed mount 71 once more in step 94, this fixed mount 71 has been adjusted with adaptive additional lenticular array in step 96.
At last, use fender in step 98, and finished product can be fed to the assembling factory.
Fig. 7 illustrates mounting equipment of the present invention, uses the reference symbol identical with Fig. 5.Lenticular array represents that with 100 potted line is represented with 102, and adjusted fixed mount is represented with 71 '.
As mentioned above, the volume of application vacuum has very little volume.For example, the gap size on most of zone of display can be in 0 to 10 mu m range.940 * 530mm for potted line inside 2Area, the average thickness of 1 μ m, obtaining volume is 498mm 3Vacuum.
This vacuum produces the pressure differential on the potted line.For unfavorable sealing, this is as the driving force of nitrogen, oxygen and other gas infiltration vacuum area.The result is, depends on the perviousness of encapsulant, and vacuum level reduces very lentamente.
Although it is mechanically fixing that this installation comes by the sealing line, but this pressure variation can cause that spacing in time slightly changes, the particularly increase in gap between lenticular array and the panel plate.
The adjustment example of explaining with reference to figure 8 makes vacuum level owing to the speed that perviousness reduces significantly reduces.The result is that the increase speed in gap can significantly reduce between lenticular array and the display panel plate.This helps to increase the life-span of product.
As shown in Figure 8, the volume of vacuum space 110 increases by lane device 112, but does not increase length of sealing line.These passages can be considered as comprising vacuum buffer.
Produce the additional cushion spaces with the potted line adjacents of sealing 102 definition, this additional cushion space enlargement comprise the zone of vacuum.For example, with above-mentioned 498mm 3Vacuum space compare, suppose that the channel width and the degree of depth are 1mm, this volume can increase 2940mm 3This is increased to about 7 times.The result is that the influence of infiltration gas significantly reduces.
Above-mentioned example adopts the display panels of the display pixel pitch that for example has 50 μ m to 1000 μ m.Yet, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the display panel that can adopt the alternative types such as Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) or cathode ray tube (CRT) display device.
The manufacturing and the material that are used to make display device and lenticular array are not described in detail, because these are traditional and are well known to those skilled in the art.
Various other adjustment are conspicuous to those skilled in the art.

Claims (16)

1. auto-stereoscopic display device comprises:
Have the display panel of the array of display pixels that is used to produce demonstration, this display pixel is arranged according to row and column; And
Be used for guiding to different spatial with the imaging device of realization with viewed stereo-picture from the output of different pixels,
Wherein this display panel and imaging device are coupled near potted line, wherein the volume that defines between this display panel, imaging device and potted line has the pressure that reduces, and this display panel and imaging device are provided with one of at least the passage that is positioned at this volume.
2. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spacing between the surface that faces with each other of this display panel and imaging device is less than 200 μ m.
3. equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the spacing between the surface that faces with each other of this display panel and imaging device is less than 100 μ m.
4. as claim 2 or 3 described equipment, wherein the maximum spacing between this display panel and the imaging device is at sealing line place.
5. any described equipment of claim as described above, wherein this passage extends at least partially near the display in the sealing line peripheral.
6. equipment as claimed in claim 5, wherein this width of channel and the degree of depth are greater than the maximum spacing between the surface that faces with each other of this display panel and imaging device.
7. equipment as claimed in claim 6, wherein this channel width is that 0.5mm to 10mm and this channel depth are 0.2mm to 2mm.
8. any described equipment of claim as described above, wherein this display panel comprises the array of independently addressable emission, transmission, refraction or diffractive display pixels.
9. any described equipment of claim as described above, wherein this display panel is a display panels.
10. method of making auto-stereoscopic display device comprises:
Remove fixed mount to expose display panel from display module;
Be provided for to guide to from the output of different pixels different spatial to realize imaging device with viewed stereo-picture;
Use the closing seam line in the outer rim of 2D panel or the outer rim of imaging device, the sealing line comprises charging door;
Under the state between this imaging device and the display panel, aim at this imaging device and display panel at the sealing line;
Use vacuum to the space that between this imaging device, potted line and display panel, defines, reduce the gap between the surface that faces with each other of this display panel and imaging device thus;
Closed this charging door also solidifies sealing.
11. method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the spacing between the surface that faces with each other of this display panel and imaging device is reduced to less than 200 μ m.
12. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the spacing between the surface that faces with each other of this display panel and imaging device is reduced to less than 100 μ m.
13. as claim 10 or 11 described methods, wherein the maximum spacing between this display panel and the imaging device is at sealing line place.
14. as any described method of claim 10 to 13, also be included in define channel in this lenticular array, this passage is at least partially near peripheral extension of the display in the sealing line.
15. method as claimed in claim 14, wherein this channel definition is to have width and the degree of depth bigger than the maximum spacing between the surface that faces with each other of this display panel and imaging device.
16. method as claimed in claim 15, wherein this channel width is defined as 0.5mm to 10mm and this channel depth is defined as 0.2mm to 2mm.
CN2007800307658A 2006-08-18 2007-08-17 Autostereoscopic display device and method of manufacturing the same Expired - Fee Related CN101506716B (en)

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JP2005507091A (en) * 2001-10-19 2005-03-10 ヴレックス、インク. Method and apparatus for simple installation and adjustment of a stereoscopic viewing device
JP2005535000A (en) * 2002-09-03 2005-11-17 イクスドライデー テヒノロギーズ ゲーエムベーハー Device for 3D display of landscape / object
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CN104977773A (en) * 2015-07-13 2015-10-14 张家港康得新光电材料有限公司 Surface relief based liquid crystal lenticular array device, manufacturing method and display device
WO2017008433A1 (en) * 2015-07-13 2017-01-19 张家港康得新光电材料有限公司 Surface relief liquid crystal lenticular device, manufacturing method, and display device
CN110999559A (en) * 2017-05-12 2020-04-10 纯深度股份有限公司 Multi-layer display with gap layer air filter

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