CN101504255B - Vapor-liquid separation method for horizontal condenser and condenser - Google Patents
Vapor-liquid separation method for horizontal condenser and condenser Download PDFInfo
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- CN101504255B CN101504255B CN2009100787162A CN200910078716A CN101504255B CN 101504255 B CN101504255 B CN 101504255B CN 2009100787162 A CN2009100787162 A CN 2009100787162A CN 200910078716 A CN200910078716 A CN 200910078716A CN 101504255 B CN101504255 B CN 101504255B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vapor-liquid separation method for a horizontal condenser and a condenser. The vapor-liquid separation method comprises that: 1) multilevel headers are arranged at two ends of a plurality of groups of heat exchange tubes which are in horizontal descending arrangement, the insides of the multilevel headers in the middle are all provided with a liquid leaking and vapor stopping device close to bottom outlets to make the headers form an independent liquid separation space, and the liquid leaking and vapor stopping device is provided with at least one equivalent main hole and a plurality of equivalent auxiliary holes; 2) vapor enters the plurality of groups of heat exchange tubes in turn for condensation, condensate liquid flows into the multilevel headers, and when accumulated liquid in the liquid separation space is less, liquid films formed on the tops of the main hole and the auxiliary holes can prevent the vapor from leaking from the bottom outlets of the headers; 3) when the accumulated liquid is more, the accumulated liquid firstly penetrates the main hole to flow out, and the auxiliary holes are sealed by the liquid films formed on the tops continuously; and 4) when the thickness of an accumulated liquid layer is increased, the accumulated liquid gradually penetrates the auxiliary holes and flows out from the main hole and the auxiliary holes simultaneously. The condenser adopts the vapor-liquid separation method and the liquid leaking and vapor stopping device. The method effectively solves the problem that the liquid discharge amount of the condenser is restricted in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of condenser, particularly about a kind of vapor-liquid separation method and condenser of horizontal condenser.
Background technology
Traditional air-cooled type liquid-gas phase transition condenser comprises shell 100, heat exchanger tube 101, air intake 102, three-way pipe 103 and condensate outlet 104 (as shown in Figure 1), wherein heat exchanger tube more than 101 adopts coiled pipe, rely on air heat convection outside heat exchanger tube 101, make the steam condensation in the heat exchanger tube 101.In the condensation heat transfer process, along with the carrying out of condensation, the wall condensation water progressively increases, and film forming has hindered contacting of steam and wall subsequently, is the main thermal resistance place of condensation heat transfer.Liquid film progressive additive in the condensation process, the complicated two phase flow that progressively increases for liquid in the quite long afterwards tube side, thermal resistance increases gradually, the serious variation of condensation effect; While, quantity of steam reduced gradually along with steam condenses, and steam flow rate obviously descends in the pipe, and condensation effect decreases sharply, and the coefficient of heat transfer reduces; The flow process condensation process has also caused complicated stream-liquid two-phase flow in the single pipe, to the regulation and control of system's operation stability, flow resistance and system etc., very adverse influence is arranged all.Air side, because in-tube condensation heat exchange thermal resistance increases, the outer tube wall temperature descends, and causes the utilization rate of fin to descend.For solving the problem of above-mentioned existence, traditional Air-cooled Condenser satisfies the demand of heat exchange amount to strengthen heat exchange area, thereby causes volume, weight bigger, and making and operating cost height.
In addition, the applicant is ZL200610113304.4 in the patent No., name is called " liquid separating air condenser " (as shown in Figure 2), and number of patent application is 200710064952.X, name is called in the patent of invention of " multistage cooling in the middle of liquid separating air condenser " (as shown in Figure 3) and has proposed to adopt multistage steam condensation, middle vapor-liquid separation automatically and discharge opeing, concentrates and assemble the cold excessively technical scheme of condensate liquid, thereby guaranteed that each tube side all enters with pure steam and is cooled, effectively reduced the thickness of liquid film in the condensation process and eliminated disadvantageous two-phase flow pattern.Made full use of short heat exchanger tube simultaneously, make each tube side all can be in the short tube pearl or unsettled thin liquid film condenses, or by influence promotion liquid film unstability and the fracture of steam to liquid film, the streams shape that forms film condensation and dropwise condensation coexistence condenses, strengthen the film condensation heat transfer effect, improve condensation heat transfer coefficient in the pipe.
Summary of the invention
At above problem, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of vapor-liquid separation method and condenser that can more effectively carry out the horizontal condenser of vapor-liquid separation.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of vapor-liquid separation method of horizontal condenser, it comprises following content: 1) the horizontal heat exchanger tubes that successively decrease of organizing are set more, each organizes the multistage header connection that heat exchanger tube is installed by two ends, in the headers at different levels of centre, one leakage resistance vapour device all is set near the outlet at bottom place, headers at different levels are formed independently divide liquid space, leakage resistance vapour device is provided with at least one equivalent main aperture and several equivalent via holes; 2) steam enters in proper order and respectively organizes heat exchanger tube and carry out condensation, and condensate liquid then flows into headers at different levels, the hydrops in headers at different levels more after a little while, the liquid film that main aperture and via hole top form can stop steam to spill from the outlet at bottom of headers at different levels; 3) hydrops in a branch liquid space accumulates more for a long time, and hydrops can at first be worn out the main hole with larger diameter outflow under pressure, and the less via hole of diameter continues to be sealed by the liquid film that the top forms; 4) the hydrops layer thickness in a branch liquid space increases, and can progressively wear out the less via hole in aperture under pressure, flows out from main aperture and via hole simultaneously.
Described main aperture equivalent diameter is 2～5mm, and the via hole equivalent diameter is less than 2mm.
The negotiability of described leakage resistance vapour device is characterized by porosity S:
S＝A
p/A
t
A wherein
p, A
tBe respectively the long-pending ratio of total circulation area of main aperture and via hole and leakage resistance vapour apparatus surface, porosity S is 20～50% of a liquid-gas phase transition heat exchanger system circular flow.
A kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser, it is characterized in that: it comprises a horizontally disposed heat exchange unit module, described heat exchange unit module comprises the horizontal heat exchanger tubes that successively decrease of organizing more, each organizes the multistage header connection that described heat exchanger tube is installed by two ends, on the described header of the first order air intake is set; The described header of the first order is communicated with the described header in the second level by first group of described heat exchanger tube, and the described header in the second level is communicated with the described header of the third level by second group of described heat exchanger tube ..., the described header of one-level to the last; In the described headers at different levels of centre, one leakage resistance vapour device all is set, described headers at different levels is formed independently divide liquid space, make simultaneously and respectively organize a plurality of condensation spaces that are communicated with in proper order about described heat exchanger tube forms near the outlet at bottom place; By the liquid collecting mozzle supercooling tube that is connected in parallel, the other end of described supercooling tube is a condensate outlet to the outlet at bottom of described headers at different levels respectively; Be provided with fin on described heat exchanger tube and the supercooling tube; Described leakage resistance vapour device is provided with at least one main aperture and several via holes.
Described leakage resistance vapour device is one can be inlaid into the substrate in the described header, and described substrate is provided with main aperture that at least one equivalent diameter is 2～5mm and several equivalent diameters via hole less than 2mm.
Described main aperture on the described substrate is respectively the identical straight type hole of upper and lower equivalent diameter with via hole.
Main aperture on the described substrate and via hole are respectively one of frustum hole and variable cross-section through hole.
Some via holes on the described substrate and described main aperture edge intersect, and form holistic plum blossom shape hole.
Between the edge of the plum blossom shape hole of described integral body and described substrate, be provided with some independently via holes.
In described main aperture and via hole, be provided with the porous media core.
The material of described substrate is a metal material.
The material of described substrate is a porous media material.
It comprises at least two described heat exchange unit modules in parallel up and down, and a described leakage resistance vapour device all is set at the outlet at bottom place of the centre of each described heat exchange unit module described headers at different levels.
It comprises up and down two described heat exchange unit modules of series connection, and the described header at two described heat exchange unit module two ends is and connects the straight-through header of two groups of described heat exchanger tubes up and down, and an end is first order header, and the other end is the header of turning back; On the described header of the first order, an air intake is set, one described leakage resistance vapour device all is set in described headers at different levels simultaneously, and leakage described in the described header of first order resistance vapour device is provided with the position between up and down between two groups of described heat exchanger tubes, the position that is provided with of the described leakage resistance vapour device in described leakage resistance vapour device in the described header of the first order and the described header of turning back is staggered simultaneously, and the described leakage resistance vapour device in the middle described headers at different levels is arranged on the outlet at bottom place near described header.
The quantity of described heat exchange unit module is two or more, the described header at described heat exchange unit module two ends is the header of turning back of the described heat exchanger tube of the many up and down groups of connection, and the position that is provided with of the described leakage resistance vapour device in the two described headers of turning back also is staggered.
It is one of integrated-type condensers such as " folding formula ", " axis covering of the fan formula ", " V formula ", " closed-loop and circular formula ".
Described supercooling tube is wave-fin pipe independently.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention is provided with multistage header at the two ends of organizing the horizontal heat exchanger tube that successively decreases more, in the headers at different levels of centre, one leakage resistance vapour device all is set near the outlet at bottom place, headers at different levels are formed independently divide liquid space, at least one main aperture and some via holes are set on the substrate of leakage choke device simultaneously, therefore liquid to be separated is more after a little while in header, condensate liquid will form water membrane at main aperture and via hole surface, stops gas to flow out from main aperture and via hole; When liquid measure increased slightly, main hole with larger diameter is sepage at first, was equivalent to single discharging tube discharge opeing of the prior art; When the liquid measure of separating was big, the pressure of liquid can destroy the liquid film that covers the via hole surface, and also oozes out from via hole, thereby being equivalent to increase is many discharging tube discharge opeings, has solved the problem that lifting rate is restricted in the prior art.2, the present invention is owing to be provided with a plurality of holes that can leakage on substrate, and the equivalent diameter size in hole can change to some extent according to designing requirement, though therefore the equivalent aperture in each hole is smaller, but whole leakage total amount is bigger, being provided with of hole, particularly different equivalents aperture can be according to the variation of hydrops amount, automatically regulate the quantity in leakage aperture, structural design is very ingenious.3, the present invention is because the perforate quantity on substrate is many, therefore the equivalent aperture can be less, less equivalent pore-size distribution can produce big surface tension effect, thereby guaranteed resistance vapour ability of the present invention effectively, the substrate of porous also has remarkable advantages aspect the resolution system inner engine oil obstruction separatory core simultaneously.4, the present invention is owing to be provided with the porous media core in main aperture and via hole, therefore even the systemic circulation flow very hour, also can guarantee the resistance vapour ability of pore structure by the littler pore structure of porous media core, the present invention is filling porous dielectric core under the condition that does not change pore structure, can effectively strengthen the effect of pore surface tension force, strengthen resistance vapour ability.Because the swabbing action of porous media core also can guarantee the circulation of liquid preferably, realize the separatory function under the partial circulating flow simultaneously.5, the present invention hinders the vapour device with leakage and directly is embedded in the header, compared with prior art, all has its advantage in processing in early stage, operation stability and later maintenance, is adapted to the requirement that the industrialization module is produced.The present invention can be widely used in energy resource system, power engineering, chemical industry and industries such as petrochemical industry, auto industry, such as condenser in Air-conditioning Engineering and chemical system, the car air-conditioner or the like.
Description of drawings
It among Fig. 1 traditional air-cooled type liquid-gas phase transition condenser structure schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is the liquid separating air condenser of prior art
Fig. 3 is the multi-stage condensing of prior art, the aerial condenser of middle separatory
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the leakage resistance vapour device among Fig. 2 and Fig. 3
Fig. 5 is a horizontal tube condenser structural representation in parallel of the present invention
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 are that the master of the embodiment of the invention 1 looks and schematic top plan view
Fig. 8, Fig. 9 are that the master of the embodiment of the invention 2 looks and schematic top plan view
Figure 10, Figure 11 are that the master of the embodiment of the invention 3 looks and schematic top plan view
Figure 12, Figure 13 are that the master of the embodiment of the invention 4 looks and schematic top plan view
Figure 14, Figure 15 are that the master of the embodiment of the invention 5 looks and schematic top plan view
Figure 16, Figure 17 are that the master of the embodiment of the invention 6 looks and schematic top plan view
Figure 18, Figure 19 are that the master of the embodiment of the invention 7 looks and schematic top plan view
Figure 20, Figure 21 are that the master of the embodiment of the invention 8 looks and schematic top plan view
Figure 22 is a series connection horizontal tube condenser structural representation of the present invention
Figure 23 is the structural representation after Figure 22 removes fin
Figure 24 is " folding formula " of the present invention integrated-type condenser structure schematic diagram
Figure 25 is " axis covering of the fan formula " of the present invention integrated-type condenser structure schematic diagram
Figure 26 is " V formula " of the present invention integrated-type condenser structure schematic diagram
Figure 27 is " closed-loop and circular formula " of the present invention integrated-type condenser structure schematic diagram
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 5, condenser of the present invention comprises a horizontally disposed heat exchange unit modules A, the heat exchange unit modules A comprises the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 1 that successively decrease of organizing more, each organizes multistage header 2 connections that heat exchanger tube 1 is installed by two ends, and can adjust the progression of heat exchanger tube 1 and header 2 as required, on first order header 2 (be the left side among the figure, but be not limited thereto), an air intake 21 is set.First order header 2 is communicated with second level header 2 by first group of heat exchanger tube 1, and second level header 2 is communicated with third level header 2 by second group of heat exchanger tube 1 ..., to the last the one-level header 2.In centre headers 2 at different levels (promptly not comprising the first order and afterbody header 2), one leakage resistance vapour device 3 all is set near the outlet at bottom place, headers 2 at different levels are formed independently divide liquid space, make simultaneously and respectively organize a plurality of condensation spaces that are communicated with in proper order about heat exchanger tube 1 forms.By a liquid collecting mozzle 4 supercooling tube 5 that is connected in parallel, the other end of supercooling tube 5 is a condensate outlet 51 to the outlet at bottom of headers 2 at different levels respectively, and the effect of supercooling tube 5 is that condensate liquid is cooled to supercooled state by saturated mode, satisfies the cold requirement of certain mistake.Be provided with fin 6 on heat exchanger tube 1 and the supercooling tube 5, in addition, supercooling tube 5 also can adopt independently wave-fin pipe, helps the modularized design of the modular product in the later stage industrialization.
As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, the leakage resistance vapour device 3 in the foregoing description comprises the substrate 31 that is inlaid in the header 2, and substrate 31 is provided with the main aperture 32 and the via hole 33 of several equivalent diameters less than 2mm that at least one equivalent diameter is 2～5mm.Be the embodiment of leakage resistance vapour device 3 of the present invention below.
Embodiment 1:
Leakage in present embodiment resistance vapour device 3 comprise one with the big or small identical substrate 31 of header 2 cross sections, it is the main aperture 32 of 2～5mm with the aperture that the center of substrate 31 has an equivalent diameter, evenly is placed with a circle equivalent diameter less than the via hole 33 of 2mm with the equivalent aperture around main aperture 32.The condensate liquid that produces in condenser upstream heat exchanger tube 1 more after a little while can be at main aperture 32 and via hole 33 surperficial one deck liquid films that form of substrate 31 by the liquid that header 2 is separated, and prevention liquid and gas flow out from main aperture 32 and via hole 33.When liquid measure increased slightly, main hole with larger diameter 32 at first sepages of meeting were equivalent to single discharging tube discharge opeing of the prior art.When the liquid measure of separating was big, the pressure of liquid can destroy the liquid film that covers via hole 33 surfaces, and also oozes out from via hole 33, so just is equivalent to increase to many discharging tube discharge opeings, has solved the problem that lifting rate is restricted in the prior art.
Embodiment 2:
As Fig. 8, shown in Figure 9, the main aperture 32 in the present embodiment and the size range of via hole 33 are similar to Example 1, and different is, and main aperture 32 and via hole 33 are the frustum holes that become the equivalent aperture, the equivalent aperture can above big, below little; Also can be up-small and down-big, can also be that variable cross-section amasss form arbitrarily.This structure can make can both carry a certain amount of condensate liquid in main aperture 32 and the via hole 33, main aperture 32 when condensing liquid quantity is relatively low, also can guarantee discharge opeing continuously, can prevent that steam from passing.There is condensate liquid can improve its resistance vapour ability in the hole of via hole 33, prevents that steam from passing, also can improve resistance vapour ability and can quicken discharge opeing again according to pass.
Embodiment 3:
As Figure 10, shown in Figure 11, be to intersect mutually between main aperture 32 in the present embodiment and the via hole 33, present " plum blossom " hole shape structure.The plum blossom hole shape structure that intersects can be regarded the extended configuration of a main aperture 32 as, compare single main aperture 32 structures, its circulation equivalent diameter increases to some extent, but the condensate liquid of efficient hardening main aperture 32 circulation ability, simultaneously via hole 33 and main aperture 32 intersect and can hour adhere to certain condensate liquid by surface tension in that liquid measure is relative, have strengthened the resistance vapour-liquid of installing and have sealed ability.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, the via hole 33 in the present embodiment intersects with main aperture 32, when forming " plum blossom " hole shape structure, also is provided with and main aperture 32 disjoint via holes 33.This is a kind of combination of said structure, when circulation area increases, has guaranteed that leakage resistance vapour device 2 has regulating power at bigger sphere of circulation.
The function of above structure mainly is to adopt the combined method in different equivalents aperture to strengthen the resistance vapour ability and the fluid flow regulating power of leakage resistance vapour device 2 from pore structure, main aperture 32 guarantees the basic leakage ability of leakage resistance vapour device 2, via hole 33 guarantees the fluid flow regulating power of leakage resistance vapour device 2, at amount of liquid hour, intercept the steam circulation by the fluid-tight effect.Directly adopt above-mentioned loose structure substrate 31, remarkable advantages is arranged solving condenser system machine oil obstruction substrate 31 aspects.
Embodiment 5:
Shown in Figure 14,15, present embodiment is in the main aperture 32 that is provided with on the substrate of making 31 and the via hole 33 porous media core 34 to be set.In the less heat exchanger of condensate liquid flow,, need littler pore structure to guarantee the resistance vapour ability of pore structure because the condensate liquid flow is less, filling porous dielectric core 34, can under the condition that does not change pore structure, strengthen the effect of pore surface tension force, strengthen resistance vapour ability.The swabbing action of porous media core 34 also can guarantee the circulation of condensate liquid simultaneously, realizes the separatory effect under the little condensate liquid flow.
Embodiment 6:
Shown in Figure 16,17, present embodiment is to intersect in the aperture that presents " plum blossom " hole shape structure with via hole 33 at main aperture 32 porous media core 34 is set, and this structure can possess on the foregoing description 3 characteristics bases, has strengthened the resistance vapour effect of device.
Embodiment 7:
Shown in Figure 18,19, present embodiment is to intersect under the situation about also being provided with when presenting " plum blossom " hole shape structure with main aperture 32 disjoint via holes 33 at main aperture 32 and via hole 33, is provided with porous media core 34 in each hole.This structure is under the situation of the foregoing description 4 described textural associations, has guaranteed that when circulation area increases leakage resistance vapour device 2 has regulating power at bigger sphere of circulation, has guaranteed the resistance vapour effect of device simultaneously.
Embodiment 8:
Shown in Figure 20,21, present embodiment is similar to Example 1, but adopts porous media material as substrate 31, cooperates the structure of main aperture 32, via hole 33, loose structure by porous media material itself guarantees resistance vapour ability, and through-hole structure guarantees leakage shunting ability.
In the various embodiments described above, leakage resistance vapour device 3 adopts solid material identical with header 2 cross sections or solid porous medium as substrate 31, is generally metal material, is guaranteeing also can to adopt other materials under the prerequisite that closely contacts with header 2 nothing leakages.Substrate 31 directly is embedded in the position of determining in the header 2, and the substrate 31 general welding manners that adopt of metal material are fixed, and structure is greatly simplified.Hole on the porous plate can adopt the hole of different equivalents aperture, structure to constitute, and each pore structure becomes the equivalent aperture, also can be with the equivalent aperture, and porous media material can adopt porous media that the powder particle sintering makes or silk screen etc.
As shown in Figure 5, when the present invention uses, the heat exchanger tube 1 of air side air transversal flow band fin 6 is with steam in the condenser pipe, after steam enters first order header 2 by air intake 21, sent into first group of heat exchanger tube 1 uniformly and carried out condensation, liquid-vapor mixture flows into the second level header 2 of first group of heat exchanger tube 1 other end, condensate liquid hinders vapour device 3 tops because the gravity effect converges to leakage in second level header 2, hydrops in header 2 more after a little while, the liquid film that main aperture 32 and via hole 33 tops form can stop steam to pass through, and makes steam enter next group heat exchanger tube 1.Continuous accumulation along with liquid, liquid can at first be drained by main hole with larger diameter 32 under the gravity effect, liquid is discharged through the liquid collecting mozzle 4 of header 2 bottoms and is come together in the supercooling tube 5, and the less via hole 33 of diameter can be sealed by the liquid film that a spot of liquid forms, and prevents that effectively steam from passing through; And when amount of liquid bigger, the liquid of assembling on leakage resistance vapour device 3 tops increases, and liquid layer thickness increases, and the pressure head that gravity produces increases, the through-current capability of the via hole 33 of minor diameter is activated, and can effectively reduce the excessive gathering of liquid on leakage resistance vapour device 3 tops.At this moment, steam continues to enter next group heat exchanger tube 1 under the vapor-liquid separation effect of leakage resistance vapour device 3, going down successively enters afterbody header 2 through appropriate stage-number, and steam is by whole condensations, condensate liquid comes together in the supercooling tube 5, finally flows out through condensate outlet 51.The negotiability experiment in hole shows that under certain liquid level condition, the fluid flow of through hole roughly is directly proportional with the through hole circulation area, therefore characterizes the negotiability of leakage resistance vapour device 3 by defined parameters porosity S,
S＝A
p/A
t
A wherein
p, A
tBe respectively logical area sum of each orifice flow and substrate 31 surface areas.Parameter S determined by the condenser system circular flow, roughly for this reason 20～50%.
In order to have guaranteed integrally-built compactedness, to adapt to different purposes and space structure requirement, the present invention also can adopt the condenser of following several versions.
Embodiment 9: a kind of horizontal tube condenser in parallel
As shown in Figure 5, present embodiment comprises two heat exchange unit modules A in parallel up and down, the outlet at bottom place of the headers 2 at different levels in the centre of two heat exchange unit modules A (promptly not comprising the first order and afterbody header 2) is provided with leakage resistance vapour device 3, headers 3 at different levels are formed independently divide liquid space, make simultaneously and respectively organize a plurality of condensation spaces that are communicated with in proper order about heat exchanger tube 1 forms.Headers at different levels 2 bottoms of two heat exchange unit modules A are respectively by liquid collecting mozzle 4 supercooling tube 5 that is connected in parallel.Present embodiment is similar on the mobile and heat exchange mode of steam with the horizontal tube condenser of connecting.
Embodiment 10: a kind of series connection horizontal tube condenser
As Figure 22, shown in Figure 23, present embodiment comprises two heat exchange unit modules A of series connection up and down, and two heat exchange unit modules A include the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 1 that successively decrease of organizing more, and each organizes multistage header 2 connections that heat exchanger tube 1 is installed by two ends.The header 2 at two heat exchange unit modules A two ends is and connects the straight-through header of two groups of heat exchanger tubes 1 up and down, and an end is first order header 2 (is the left side among the figure, but is not limited thereto), and the other end is the header 22 of turning back.One air intake 21 is set on first order header 2, one leakage resistance vapour device 3 all is set in headers 2 at different levels simultaneously, and the leakage in the first order header 2 resistance vapour device 3 is provided with the position between up and down between two groups of heat exchanger tubes 1, the position that is provided with of leakage resistance vapour device 3 in the first order header 2 and the leakage resistance vapour device 3 in the header 22 of turning back is staggered simultaneously, the outlet at bottom place that leakage resistance vapour device 3 in the middle headers 2 at different levels is arranged near header 2, thereby headers 2 at different levels are formed independently divide liquid space, and make a plurality of condensation spaces that order is communicated with about respectively organizing heat exchanger tube 1 and forming, whole like this steam flow be "
" shape.In the present embodiment, steam enters behind the first order header 2 by air intake 21, is sent into first group of heat exchanger tube 1 uniformly and carries out condensation, and liquid-vapor mixture flows into the header 2 of heat exchanger tube 1 other end, realizes vapor-liquid separation by leakage resistance vapour device 3.Liquid is discharged through the liquid collecting mozzle 4 of header 2 bottoms and is come together in the supercooling tube 5, steam then enters next group heat exchanger tube 1, descend devaporation by at different levels and reverse successively through the header 22 of turning back, adverse current is by at different levels once more, finally enter first order header 2, steam comes together in the supercooling tube 5 entirely by whole condensations, finally flows out through condensate outlet 51.
In the foregoing description, can adjust the quantity (two or more) of heat exchange unit modules A and the number of times that steam is turned back (secondary or more than the secondary) as required, this moment, the header 2 at heat exchange unit modules A two ends was the headers 22 of turning back of many up and down group (at least two groups) heat exchanger tubes 1 of connection, and two positions that are provided with of turning back the leakage resistance vapour device 3 in the header 22 also are staggered.
As Figure 24～shown in Figure 27, the present invention is based on the citation form of above-mentioned series connection and parallel connection and arrange needs according to the space, integrated-type condensers such as formation " folding formula ", " axis covering of the fan formula ", " V formula ", " closed-loop and circular formula " can also be further developed, different purposes and space structure requirement can be well adapted to.
The inventive method can also be used for other various heating-cooling equipments, gives unnecessary details no longer one by one at this, anyly all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention based on improvement on the principle of the invention and the technical scheme and equivalent transformation.
Claims (22)
1. the vapor-liquid separation method of a horizontal condenser, it comprises following content:
1) the horizontal heat exchanger tubes that successively decrease of organizing is set more, each organizes the multistage header connection that heat exchanger tube is installed by two ends, in the headers at different levels of centre, one leakage resistance vapour device all is set near the outlet at bottom place, headers at different levels are formed independently divide liquid space, leakage resistance vapour device is provided with at least one equivalent main aperture and several equivalent via holes;
2) steam enters in proper order and respectively organizes heat exchanger tube and carry out condensation, and condensate liquid then flows into headers at different levels, the hydrops in headers at different levels more after a little while, the liquid film that main aperture and via hole top form can stop steam to spill from the outlet at bottom of headers at different levels;
3) hydrops in a branch liquid space accumulates more for a long time, and hydrops can at first be worn out the main hole with larger diameter outflow under pressure, and the less via hole of diameter continues to be sealed by the liquid film that the top forms;
4) the hydrops layer thickness in a branch liquid space increases, and can progressively wear out the less via hole in aperture under pressure, flows out from main aperture and via hole simultaneously.
2. the vapor-liquid separation method of a kind of horizontal condenser as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described main aperture equivalent diameter is 2～5mm, and the via hole equivalent diameter is less than 2mm.
3. the vapor-liquid separation method of a kind of horizontal condenser as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the negotiability of described leakage resistance vapour device is characterized by porosity S:
S＝A
p/A
t
A wherein
p, A
tBe respectively logical area sum of each orifice flow and described substrate surface area, porosity S is 20～50% of a liquid-gas phase transition heat exchanger system circular flow.
4. an application is as the horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser of method as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: it comprises a horizontally disposed heat exchange unit module, described heat exchange unit module comprises the horizontal heat exchanger tubes that successively decrease of organizing more, each organizes the multistage header connection that described heat exchanger tube is installed by two ends, on the described header of the first order air intake is set; The described header of the first order is communicated with the described header in the second level by first group of described heat exchanger tube, and the described header in the second level is communicated with the described header of the third level by second group of described heat exchanger tube ..., the described header of one-level to the last; In the described headers at different levels of centre, one leakage resistance vapour device all is set, described headers at different levels is formed independently divide liquid space, make simultaneously and respectively organize a plurality of condensation spaces that are communicated with in proper order about described heat exchanger tube forms near the outlet at bottom place; By the liquid collecting mozzle supercooling tube that is connected in parallel, the other end of described supercooling tube is a condensate outlet to the outlet at bottom of described headers at different levels respectively; Be provided with fin on described heat exchanger tube and the supercooling tube;
Described leakage resistance vapour device is provided with at least one main aperture and several via holes.
5. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described leakage resistance vapour device is one can be inlaid into the substrate in the described header, and described substrate is provided with main aperture that at least one equivalent diameter is 2～5mm and several equivalent diameters via hole less than 2mm.
6. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the described main aperture on the described substrate is respectively the identical straight type hole of upper and lower equivalent diameter with via hole.
7. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: main aperture on the described substrate and via hole are the variable cross-section through hole.
8. as claim 5 or 6 or 7 described a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condensers, it is characterized in that: some via holes on the described substrate and described main aperture edge intersect, and form holistic plum blossom shape hole.
9. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: be provided with some independently via holes between the edge of the plum blossom shape hole of described integral body and described substrate.
10. as claim 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 9 described a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condensers, it is characterized in that: in described main aperture and via hole, be provided with the porous media core.
11. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: be provided with the porous media core in described main aperture and via hole.
12. as claim 5 or 6 or 7 or 9 or 11 described a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condensers, it is characterized in that: the material of described substrate is a metal material.
13. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: the material of described substrate is a metal material.
14. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that: the material of described substrate is a metal material.
15. as claim 5 or 6 or 7 or 9 or 11 described a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condensers, it is characterized in that: the material of described substrate is a porous media material.
16. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: the material of described substrate is a porous media material.
17. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that: the material of described substrate is a porous media material.
18. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: it comprises at least two described heat exchange unit modules in parallel up and down, and a described leakage resistance vapour device all is set at the outlet at bottom place of the centre of each described heat exchange unit module described headers at different levels.
19. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: it comprises two described heat exchange unit modules of series connection up and down, the described header at two described heat exchange unit module two ends is and connects the straight-through header of two groups of described heat exchanger tubes up and down, and an end is a first order header, and the other end is the header of turning back; On the described header of the first order, an air intake is set, one described leakage resistance vapour device all is set in described headers at different levels simultaneously, and leakage described in the described header of first order resistance vapour device is provided with the position between up and down between two groups of described heat exchanger tubes, the position that is provided with of the described leakage resistance vapour device in described leakage resistance vapour device in the described header of the first order and the described header of turning back is staggered simultaneously, and the described leakage resistance vapour device in the middle described headers at different levels is arranged on the outlet at bottom place near described header.
20. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 19, it is characterized in that: the quantity of described heat exchange unit module is two or more, the described header at described heat exchange unit module two ends is the header of turning back of the described heat exchanger tube of the many up and down groups of connection, and the position that is provided with of the described leakage resistance vapour device in the two described headers of turning back also is staggered.
21. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: it is one of " folding formula ", " axis covering of the fan formula ", " V formula ", " closed-loop and circular formula " integrated-type condenser.
22. a kind of horizontal vapor-liquid separation condenser as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described supercooling tube is wave-fin pipe independently.
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| CN2009100787162A CN101504255B (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2009-03-02 | Vapor-liquid separation method for horizontal condenser and condenser |
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| CN2009100787162A CN101504255B (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2009-03-02 | Vapor-liquid separation method for horizontal condenser and condenser |
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2754885A1 (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 1998-04-24 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | Condenser with integral reservoir for motor vehicle air conditioning |
| JP2002130866A (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2002-05-09 | Showa Denko Kk | Condenser for air conditioning |
| JP2003302123A (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Heat exchanger |
| CN1975311A (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2007-06-06 | 清华大学 | Liquid separating air condenser |
| CN101025340A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2007-08-29 | 清华大学 | Multi-stage cooling middle liquid-separation air condensator |
-
2009
- 2009-03-02 CN CN2009100787162A patent/CN101504255B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2754885A1 (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 1998-04-24 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | Condenser with integral reservoir for motor vehicle air conditioning |
| JP2002130866A (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2002-05-09 | Showa Denko Kk | Condenser for air conditioning |
| JP2003302123A (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Heat exchanger |
| CN1975311A (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2007-06-06 | 清华大学 | Liquid separating air condenser |
| CN101025340A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2007-08-29 | 清华大学 | Multi-stage cooling middle liquid-separation air condensator |
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