The preprocess method of landfill gas power generation and pretreatment unit thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preprocess method of gas, especially relate to a kind of preprocess method and pretreatment unit thereof of rubbish landfill gas.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of Chinese national economy, energy demand is increasing, taps a new source of energy, regenerative resource is the strategic measure of China's sustainable economic development.Rubbish landfill gas is as the reproducible biomass energy of a kind of cleaning, and its development and use are to implement a scientific outlook on development and the important channel of energy-saving and emission-reduction, are developed fast in China in recent years.
Biogas is a kind of mist, and main component is methane and carbon dioxide.The biogas that different biogas engineerings are produced, its composition has a great difference.But, generally speaking, methane content is generally 40~70%, carbon dioxide is 30~60%, micro constitutent is about 1%, mainly is hydrogen sulfide, saturated vapor, high-carbon hydrocarbon etc., also contains ammonia, nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, salt in addition, even the physics particulate is clipped in the gas, and these a spot of harmful components and moisture can all will cause equipment and environment in application process and seriously influence.
Garbage power is after the various refuse collections, the processing of classifying.Wherein main method has two: one, and rubbish is carried out high temperature incineration, so both utterly destroyed the biological and corrosivity organic matter of pathogenic, the heat energy that can utilize rubbish to produce in high temperature incineration is converted into high-temperature vapour again, promotes turbine and rotates, and makes generator produce electric energy; The 2nd, to organic waste ferment, Anaerobic Treatment, the final drying desulfurization produces methane, also is biogas.Through the biogas burning, heat energy is converted into steam again, promotes turbine and rotate, drive generator and produce electric energy.
Marsh gas power generation factory is fuel with biogas, contain a small amount of harmful components and moisture in the biogas, and the flow of biogas, pressure, temperature, concentration etc. are all very unstable, be directly used in problems such as equipment corrosion that fuel gas generation certainly will cause gas electricity generator, grinding, thereby can have a strong impact on the efficient and the service life of gas engine, therefore before utilizing biogas, must carry out preliminary treatment to address the above problem to it.Marsh gas preprocessing system is installed in the front of fuel gas generation unit air inlet pipe, and it is the very important equipment of marsh gas power generation engineering.
According to the composition of biogas, and in conjunction with the requirement of gas electricity generator to source of the gas, the design's garbage loading embeading gas pretreating system has functions such as dehydration, dedusting, supercharging, voltage stabilizing, temperature adjustment, can bring good social benefit and environmental benefit.
Though traditional refuse electrification method and equipment have been made certain contribution to the garbage power field, still have the deficiency of the following aspects:
Utilization rate for rubbish landfill gas is not high;
Equipment formerly after the pressurized delivered in the technology of draining, increases facility load, has accelerated corrosion, has wasted drive energy.
Rubbish landfill gas harmful components after the processing and impurity high-load height are not suitable for the landfill gas power generation that utilizes in large-scale, high-efficiency.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of utilization rate height, can significantly realize preprocess method and pretreatment unit thereof extensive, that high-purity is utilized landfill gas power generation.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of preprocess method of landfill gas power generation, wherein, the preprocess method of described landfill gas power generation comprises the steps:
A kind of preprocess method of landfill gas power generation, wherein, the preprocess method of described landfill gas power generation comprises the steps:
A, remove impurity, rubbish landfill gas is imported a foam removal separator by the biogas one-way control valve carry out gas-liquid and separate admittedly, impurity such as aqueous water and dust are discharged from foam removal separator lower part outlet, and the rubbish landfill gas after the separation is from the output of foam removal separator top;
B, cooled dehydrated are cooled off the rubbish landfill gas after handling and are finished dehydration, and the relative humidity of guaranteeing rubbish landfill gas is 60%~80%, and control described rubbish landfill gas temperature≤40 ℃;
C, supercharging gas transmission, by an air blast rubbish landfill gas is sucked and in addition supercharging carry and promote, to satisfy the requirement of subsequent technique to gas, its air velocity is controlled between 8m/s~25m/s;
D, air-cooled is adjusted to normal temperature with gas temperature, and satisfies the requirement of generating set intake air temperature;
E, smart filter, promptly rubbish landfill gas further filters by fine filter, to remove impurity such as solid particle in the rubbish landfill gas, dust, makes the content≤10mg/Nm of impurity such as dust in the rubbish landfill gas
3
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the cooling of described step b comprises a sub-cooled process.Described sub-cooled process is meant that by a cold-water heat exchanger described rubbish landfill gas being cooled to temperature range is between 5 ℃~10 ℃;
High temperature cooling procedure is meant that it is between 15 ℃~40 ℃ that the rubbish landfill gas that raises by the temperature of a forced air cooler after with described pressurization is cooled to temperature range.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the dehydration of described step c is meant gets off by a cold-water heat exchanger rubbish landfill gas with the aqueous vapor condensation in the rubbish landfill gas, enter drainage pipeline by the heat exchanger drain water seal then.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the filter of essence among the described step e refers to that gas enters the fine filter that filtrating chip is the stainless steel filter core, and the solid impurity of certain particle diameter, dust etc. are separated from gas.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the foam removal separator among the described step a is a gas-liquid-solid separator, free water, large granular impurity, dust in can initial gross separation discharging garbage landfill gas.
The invention also discloses a kind of pretreatment unit of landfill gas power generation, wherein, described pretreatment unit comprises:
One foam removal separator, in order to isolating impurity such as the free water that contains in the described rubbish landfill gas, solid particle, dust, described foam removal separator comprise one be used to absorb rubbish landfill gas inlet end and
One is used for the output with the output of the rubbish landfill gas after the described separation;
One foam removal separator drain water seal is connected on the lower end of foam removal separator, and free water, large granular impurity, dust are from being discharged to drainage pipeline here.
One cold-water heat exchanger, described cold-water heat exchanger is connected in the output of described foam removal separator, and described rubbish landfill gas from the output of foam removal separator is cooled off, dewaters.
Described cold-water heat exchanger is driven by handpiece Water Chilling Units, and a heat exchanger drain water seal connects cold-water heat exchanger, is used for condensed water is entered drainage pipeline.
At least one air blast, described air blast is connected in the output of described cold-water heat exchanger, and carries through the supercharging of separating of garbage landfill gas described;
One forced air cooler is connected with described air blast, and with described rubbish landfill gas cooling from air blast output;
One fine filter that is connected in described forced air cooler and is used for the described rubbish landfill gas of handling through the said equipment is further filtered.
One intelligent control unit is set in the middle of the system, be arranged on the ducted pressure sensor in smart filter back and import pressure data into intelligent control unit by the pressure sensor lead-in, if the ducted garbage loading embeading atmospheric pressure in smart filter back this moment is no more than setting, the rubbish landfill gas after the then smart filter is sent to the generator place by the generating biogas pipeline.
If the ducted garbage loading embeading atmospheric pressure in smart filter back this moment has surpassed setting, then intelligent control unit control direct-operated regulator is opened, the unnecessary pressure of releasing, in one embodiment, direct-operated regulator can realize that pressure surpasses setting and just automatically opens, and pressure drops to setting and just closes automatically when following.Release rubbish landfill gas after the essence filter of unnecessary pressure is got back in the initial biogas pipeline of back of biogas one-way control valve, participates in new round processing procedure.
Simultaneously, intelligent control unit control air blast reduces moulding pressure, regulates the ducted pressure in smart filter back.The ducted garbage loading embeading atmospheric pressure in smart thus filter back keeps substantially constant, is sent to the generator place by the generating biogas pipeline.
Described fine filter connects smart filter back pipeline, and described smart filter back pipeline connects a bypass duct, and the other end of bypass duct is connected the input of fine filter.
The bypass duct main application has two: one, uses during the start-stop car; The 2nd, when fine filter is safeguarded, temporary transient gas distribution channel.
Below fine filter, a fine filter drain water seal is discharged into drainage pipeline with water and particulate.
Whole drainage pipeline connection one has the equipment of liquid level regulatory function.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, overcome a traditional concept of the prior art, promptly must be with regard to the pressurized delivered rubbish landfill gas after coarse filtration, the practice of prior art had both strengthened the workload of air blast, wasted the energy, also strengthened corrosion, shortened the life-span of equipment air blast.So the present invention mentions supercharging gas transmission operation front with the cooled dehydrated operation, overcome the prejudice of traditional handicraft.Reduced the workload of air blast, saved the energy, also reduced corrosion, prolonged the life-span of equipment air blast.
Technology of the present invention has solved rubbish more satisfactoryly and has filled out that harmful components and impurity can improve the utilization rate of rubbish landfill gas simultaneously to the problems such as burn into wearing and tearing of equipment, pipeline and generator in the gas.
Therefore the present invention has the advantage of aspects such as utilizing the landfill gas power generation scale is big, utilization rate height compared with prior art.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the preprocess method of landfill gas power generation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the pretreatment unit structure block diagram of landfill gas power generation of the present invention.
Number in the figure explanation: 10 intelligent control units, 20 biogas one-way control valves, 30 foam removal separators.
40 foam removal separator drain water seals, 50 handpiece Water Chilling Units, 60 cold-water heat exchanger, 70 heat exchanger drain water seals, 80 air blasts, 90 forced air coolers, 100 fine filters, 110 fine filter drain water seals, 120 direct-operated regulators.
201 generating biogas pipelines, 202 biogas pressure control valve preceding pipelines, pipeline behind the 203 biogas pressure control valves, 204 enter initial biogas preceding pipeline, 205 initial biogas pipelines, 206 drainage pipelines, 207 smart filter back pipelines, 208 bypass ducts, the cold preceding pipeline of 209 air intakes, 210 advance the booster fan preceding pipeline.
301 pressure sensor lead-ins, 302 direct-operated regulator control lines, 303 blower fan control lines.
The specific embodiment
In order to further specify principle of the present invention and structure, existing in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail, yet the described embodiment usefulness for furnishing an explanation and explaining only can not be used for limiting scope of patent protection of the present invention.
A kind of preprocess method of landfill gas power generation, wherein, the preprocess method of described landfill gas power generation comprises the steps:
A, removal impurity, rubbish landfill gas is carried out gas-liquid by biogas one-way control valve 20 inputs one foam removal separator 30 to be separated admittedly, impurity such as aqueous water and dust is discharged from foam removal separator 30 lower part outlets, and the rubbish landfill gas after the separation is from 30 outputs of foam removal separator;
B, cooled dehydrated are cooled off the rubbish landfill gas after handling and are finished dehydration, and the relative humidity of guaranteeing rubbish landfill gas is 60%~80%, and control described rubbish landfill gas temperature≤40 ℃;
C, supercharging gas transmission, by an air blast 80 rubbish landfill gas is sucked and in addition supercharging carry and promote, to satisfy the requirement of subsequent technique to gas, its air velocity is controlled between 8m/s~25m/s;
D, air-cooled is adjusted to normal temperature with gas temperature, and satisfies the requirement of generating set intake air temperature;
E, smart filter, promptly rubbish landfill gas further filters by fine filter 100, to remove impurity such as solid particle in the rubbish landfill gas, dust, makes the content≤10mg/Nm of impurity such as dust in the rubbish landfill gas
3
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the cooling of described step b comprises a sub-cooled process.Described sub-cooled process is meant that by a cold-water heat exchanger 60 described rubbish landfill gas being cooled to temperature range is between 5 ℃~10 ℃.
High temperature cooling procedure is meant that it is between 15 ℃~40 ℃ that the rubbish landfill gas that raises by the temperature of a forced air cooler 90 after with described pressurization is cooled to temperature range.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the dehydration of described step b is meant gets off by a cold-water heat exchanger 60 rubbish landfill gas with the aqueous vapor condensation in the rubbish landfill gas, enter drainage pipeline 206 by heat exchanger drain water seal 70 then.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the filter of essence among the described step e refers to that gas enters the fine filter 100 that filtrating chip is the stainless steel filter core, and the solid impurity of certain particle diameter, dust etc. are separated from gas.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the foam removal separator 30 among the described step a is a gas-liquid-solid separator, free water, large granular impurity, dust in can initial gross separation discharging garbage landfill gas.
The invention also discloses a kind of pretreatment unit of landfill gas power generation, wherein, as shown in Figure 2, described pretreatment unit comprises:
One foam removal separator 30, in order to isolating impurity such as the free water that contains in the described rubbish landfill gas, solid particle, dust, described foam removal separator 30 comprises that an inlet end and that is used to absorb rubbish landfill gas is used for the output with the output of the rubbish landfill gas after the described separation;
One foam removal separator drain water seal 40 is connected on the lower end of foam removal separator 30, and free water, large granular impurity, dust are from being discharged to drainage pipeline 206 here.
One cold-water heat exchanger 60, described cold-water heat exchanger 60 is connected in the output of described foam removal separator 30, and described rubbish landfill gas from 30 outputs of foam removal separator is cooled off, dewaters.
Described cold-water heat exchanger 60 is driven by handpiece Water Chilling Units 50, and a heat exchanger drain water seal 70 connects cold-water heat exchanger 60, is used for condensed water is entered drainage pipeline 206.
Advance booster fan preceding pipeline 210 and connect cold-water heat exchanger 60 and air blast 80.
At least one air blast 80, described air blast 80 is connected in the output of described cold-water heat exchanger 60, and carries through the supercharging of separating of garbage landfill gas described;
One forced air cooler 90 is connected with described air blast 80, and with described rubbish landfill gas cooling from air blast 80 outputs;
The cold preceding pipeline 209 of air intake connects air blast 80 and forced air cooler 90.
One fine filter 100 that is connected in described forced air cooler 90 and is used for the described rubbish landfill gas of handling through the said equipment is further filtered.
One intelligent control unit 10 is set in the middle of the system, the pressure sensor (not shown) that is arranged in the pipeline 207 of smart filter back is imported pressure data into intelligent control unit 10 by pressure sensor lead-in 301, if the garbage loading embeading atmospheric pressure after smart filter this moment in the pipeline 207 is no more than setting, then the rubbish landfill gas after the 207 smart filters is sent to the generator place by generating biogas pipeline 201.
If the garbage loading embeading atmospheric pressure after smart filter this moment in the pipeline 207 has surpassed setting, then intelligent control unit 10 control direct-operated regulators 120 are opened, rubbish landfill gas is by biogas pressure control valve preceding pipeline 202, pipeline 203 behind the biogas pressure control valve, enter initial biogas preceding pipeline 204, the unnecessary pressure of releasing, in one embodiment, direct-operated regulator 120 can realize that pressure surpasses setting and just automatically opens, and pressure drops to setting and just closes automatically when following.Release rubbish landfill gas after the essence filter of unnecessary pressure is got back in the initial biogas pipeline 205 of back of biogas one-way control valve 20, participates in new round processing procedure.
Simultaneously, intelligent control unit 10 control air blasts 80 reduce moulding pressure, regulate the pressure in the pipeline 207 of smart filter back.Garbage loading embeading atmospheric pressure in the pipeline 207 of smart thus filter back keeps substantially constant, is sent to the generator place by generating biogas pipeline 201.
Among Fig. 2, described fine filter 100 connects smart filter back pipeline 207, and described smart filter back pipeline 207 connects a bypass duct 208, and the other end of bypass duct 208 is connected the input of fine filter 100.
The bypass duct main application has two: one, uses during the start-stop car; The 2nd, when fine filter is safeguarded, temporary transient gas distribution channel.
Below fine filter 100, a fine filter drain water seal 110 is discharged into drainage pipeline 206 with water and particulate.
Drainage pipeline 206 connections one have the equipment of liquid level regulatory function.
Described intelligent control unit 10 connects and controls air blast 80 and direct-operated regulator 120 respectively by direct-operated regulator control line 302, blower fan control line 303.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are, overcome a traditional concept of the prior art, promptly must be with regard to the pressurized delivered rubbish landfill gas after coarse filtration, such practice had both strengthened the workload of air blast 80, wasted the energy, also strengthened corrosion, shortened the life-span of equipment air blast 80.So the present invention mentions supercharging gas transmission operation front with the cooled dehydrated operation, overcome the prejudice of traditional handicraft.Reduced the workload of air blast 80, saved the energy, also reduced corrosion, prolonged the life-span of equipment air blast 80.
The utilization rate that while technology of the present invention has solved rubbish landfill gas is not high; Produced rubbish landfill gas is not suitable for the deficiency of utilizing aspects such as landfill gas power generation in large-scale, high-efficiency.
The present invention has the advantage of aspects such as utilizing the landfill gas power generation scale is big, utilization rate height.
Foregoing only is preferred embodiment of the present invention and the variant that exemplifies; be not used for limiting the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention every, any modification and the improvement that need not creative thinking done all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.