CN101498642A - Accurate tester for sorbent and method thereof - Google Patents

Accurate tester for sorbent and method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101498642A
CN101498642A CNA2009100585847A CN200910058584A CN101498642A CN 101498642 A CN101498642 A CN 101498642A CN A2009100585847 A CNA2009100585847 A CN A2009100585847A CN 200910058584 A CN200910058584 A CN 200910058584A CN 101498642 A CN101498642 A CN 101498642A
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pressure
valve
adsorbent
adsorption tanks
compensating
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CN101498642B (en
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朱爱民
王业勤
王迪
颜慎德
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SICHUAN ALLY HI-TECH Co Ltd
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SICHUAN ALLY HI-TECH Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to an instrument and a method for precisely testing adsorbent, belonging to an instrument and a method for testing a single-component gas static state adsorption isotherm, a single-component gas static state adsorption isobar and other adsorbent characteristics and aiming at solving the problem that the instrument and the method existing in the prior art have high cost or limited application ranges. The testing instrument comprises an adsorption tank, an air intake adjusting valve which can be communicated with the adsorption tank and connected with the gas to be tested, a system pressure transducer communicated with the air intake adjusting valve, a compensation adjusting valve, a vacuum adjusting valve, a compensatory pressure transducer communicated with the compensation adjusting valve, a compensating tank of fixed volume and a single chip microcomputer electrically connected with the system pressure transducer and the compensatory pressure transducer. The method is a pressure compensating method adopting the testing instrument. The invention can be widely used for testing the performance of various industrial adsorbents or novel adsorbents like silica gel, molecular-sieve type activated carbon, and the like.

Description

Adsorbent precision aid and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to tester and the method for measuring single-component gas Static Adsorption isotherm, isobar and characterization of adsorption.
Background technology
Adsorbent is very extensive at chemical industry and association area application thereof, and adsorbent is of a great variety, and its adsorptive power, technical feature can embody by characterisitic parameters such as test adsorbance, isotherm, isobars.
Existing testing tool is based on the volumetric method test philosophy more, and the critical piece of obtaining data in the instrument is the volume-adjustment device of high precision, high-air-tightness.Because the processing and manufacturing difficulty is big, the cost costliness, maintenance difficult is unfavorable for extensive popularization.
The patent No. is that 98241351.3 Chinese patent " porous mass specific surface and pore size distribution analyzer " discloses a kind of absorbent measuring instrument, it is to utilize the Dewar container for liquefied nitrogen bottle, test nitrogen adsorption isothermal under liquid nitrogen temperature, thereby the analyzer of calculating pore structure relevant data.
Current, at the chemical gases separation field, technical progress is very fast, many nanoscale new adsorbents have appearred, comprise the molecular sieve greater than the nitrogen molecular aperture, they can realize separating to specific gas at normal temperatures, are widely used in transformation or the alternating temperature absorption engineering, thereby need near a kind of can normal temperature, the operation, adsorbent precision aid easy to use.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the cost height of prior art existence or use limited problem, providing a kind of operates under near the condition normal temperature, adsorbance is to obtain by method for pressure compensation, the instrument that promptly can adopt " molecule trace method " to measure, its test condition requires low, structure operation is simple, uses more extensive.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of pressure compensated adsorbent method of testing.
Purpose of the present invention realizes by following technical proposals respectively:
The adsorbent precision aid, comprise adsorption tanks, the air inlet adjustment valve that connects test gas that can communicate with adsorption tanks, also comprise the system pressure sensor, Compensation Regulation valve, the vacuum breaker that communicate with the air inlet adjustment valve, the compensating-pressure transducer that communicates with the Compensation Regulation valve, the compensating tank of deciding volume, and the single-chip microcomputer that is electrically connected with system pressure sensor, compensating-pressure transducer.
Be provided with the absorption stop valve between described air inlet adjustment valve and the adsorption tanks.
Described adsorption tanks are arranged in the electric furnace, and electric furnace is electrically connected with temperature controller, and adsorption tanks are provided with the thermal sensor that is electrically connected with temperature controller.
Described compensating tank is provided with the temperature sensor that is electrically connected with single-chip microcomputer.
Described absorption stop valve, air inlet adjustment valve, Compensation Regulation valve, vacuum breaker, compensating tank, compensating-pressure transducer, system pressure sensor are by two chambers gas distributor realization connection separately; The control end of each operation valve is electrically connected with single-chip microcomputer.
The adsorbent method of testing comprises the steps:
A. the adsorption tanks of adsorbent being packed into, airtight adsorption tanks;
B. with adsorption tanks and communicate with it decide the volume compensation jar and vacuumize after, close between the two the operation valve of adsorption tanks side in two operation valves;
C. open the air intake valve that is connected between above-mentioned two operation valves, feed test gas, and make pressure, close the operation valve of air intake valve and compensating tank side greater than the test pressure of setting to the compensating tank of deciding volume;
D. regulate the test pressure that pressure between above-mentioned two operation valves reaches setting;
E. open the operation valve of adsorption tanks side, the adsorbent in the adsorption tanks begins absorption, when absorption reaches equalized pressure, absorption is finished, open the discharge control valve of compensating tank this moment, makes two pressure between the operation valve equal the test pressure of above-mentioned setting, closes the discharge control valve of compensating tank then;
F. measure the pressure of compensating tank before and after absorption and change difference, relational expression and pressure volume values of factor K according to pressure and volume calculate the test gas amount of being adsorbed; Wherein for every kind of test gas, when the K value descends 1 unit for compensating tank pressure, the gas flow of being emitted.
Also have step g after the described step f, promptly set different test pressures, repeating step b~f obtains the be adsorbed amount of adsorbent under different pressures.
Before the described step a,, the space of deciding volume compensation jar, adsorption system, adsorption tanks is demarcated with accurate volume-adjustment device and helium; Among the described step a, regulate the temperature of adsorption tanks, keep the thermostatic control of adsorption tanks.
Among the described step e, measure the temperature of compensating tank, the error of bringing by desirable gas correction temperature among the step f.
Described each pressure, each temperature value are handled by sensor input single-chip microcomputer or computing machine; The control of each valve is controlled according to the feedback signal of the sensor automatically by single-chip microcomputer or computing machine.
Analyzer of the present invention adopts said structure, with method for pressure compensation test adsorbance, under the adsorptive pressure of setting (as P1), after gas to be measured sent into adsorption tanks, gas is adsorbed agent absorption, when treating adsorption equilibrium, system pressure drops to P1 ' (be P1〉P1 '), the same gas pressure that will charge into compensating tank this moment in advance is P2 (P2〉P1), slowly feed in the adsorption system by the minute adjustment valve, adsorption system pressure P 1 ' meeting is gone up, and when treating P1 '=P1, stops compensation, the compensating tank internal pressure then drops to P2 ' by P2, then according to the relational expression between the adsorbance of compensating tank internal pressure differences (△ P=P2-P2 ') and adsorbent, relational expression and pressure volume values of factor K according to pressure and volume calculate the test gas amount of being adsorbed.And whole test data can pass to the PC single-chip microcomputer or computing machine writes down and handles by each sensor, and can get test result and chart.
Adopt the tester of said structure, have following advantage:
1, the nitrogen adsorption isothermal can be provided at normal temperatures, pore structure can be provided for information about;
2, adopt method for pressure compensation, with deciding volume pipe output compensation gas, the level pressure compensation is convenient to realize robotization;
3, only with volume-adjustment device tester, instrument does not contain the high volume-adjustment device of accurate rank, the instrumentation process simplification, and impermeability guarantees easily, and is easy to operate;
4, instrument can be by PC single-chip microcomputer or the computing machine that disposes, and realization is write down automatically and handled to test data, the isothermal curve chart that draws, and with test result preservation and printing.
The present invention adopts the method for above-mentioned steps, by measuring the pressure of adsorbents adsorb front and back, and compensate into adsorption tanks than setting the higher gas of test pressure with compensating tank, make the pressure before its pressure returns to absorption, because the volume of compensating tank is certified demarcation volume, then can reach pressure volume values of factor K, calculate adsorbance according to the relation of pressure and volume; In addition, can test out various performance parameters or curve by different setting test pressures, different adsorbent temperature of living in.
As seen, adopt tester of the present invention and/or method, have that cost is lower, test condition requires low and applied environment is wider, can test near normal temperature, security is higher, apparatus structure is simpler and advantage that operation is more simplified, and this instrument and method are specially adapted to the usefulness of adsorptive separation, purification and stored-gas engineering and novel sorbents manufacturing, development, detection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of tester among the present invention;
Fig. 2 adopts volume-adjustment device and helium to check the tables of data of dead space in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 adopts volume-adjustment device and helium to check the tables of data of compensating tank volume in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 4 adopts analyzer, method for pressure compensation and helium to check the tables of data of dead space in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 5 is in the embodiment of the invention 2, after adsorption tanks heat up, and the tables of data that ambient temperature effect compensating tank temperature and its internal pressure change;
Fig. 6 is in the embodiment of the invention 2, the curve map that adsorption tanks intensification post-compensation jar temperature and its internal pressure change;
Fig. 7 is the tables of data of adsorption isothermal in the embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 8 is the curve map of adsorption isothermal in the embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 9 is the tables of data of adsorption isothermal in the embodiment of the invention 4;
Figure 10 is the curve map of adsorption isothermal in the embodiment of the invention 4;
Figure 11 is the tables of data of adsorption isothermal in the embodiment of the invention 5;
Figure 12 is the curve map of adsorption isothermal in the embodiment of the invention 5;
Number in the figure: the 1st, electric furnace, the 2nd, adsorption tanks, the 3rd, thermal resistance, the 4th, absorption stop valve, the 5th, air inlet adjustment valve, the 6th, Compensation Regulation valve, the 7th, vacuum breaker, the 8th, vacuum, emptying T-valve, the 9th, decide the compensating tank of volume, the 10th, compensating-pressure transducer, the 11st, the system pressure sensor, the 12nd, two chambers gas distributor, the 13rd, temperature controller, the 14th, single-chip microcomputer.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings.
The structure of adsorbent precision aid comprises the adsorption tanks 2 that are arranged on 1 li of electric furnace, the two chambers gas distributor 12 with eight ports, the compensating tank 9 of deciding volume, system pressure sensor 11, compensating-pressure transducer 10 and single-chip microcomputer 14 as shown in Figure 1.
The outer wall of adsorption tanks 2 is provided with thermal resistance 3, the temperature controller 13 that is electrically connected with thermal resistance 3 has PID, the output terminal of temperature controller 13 is electrically connected with electric furnace 1, can be according to the output power of the heat or the temperature signal control electric furnace of thermal resistance feedback, temperature with control adsorption tanks 2, promptly control adsorption temp, make to be adsorbed under near the thermostatic control of normal temperature and carry out.
Be divided into two groups in 12 8 ports of two chambers gas distributor, wherein one group has five ports to communicate with each other, and three ports of another group communicate with each other, and abbreviate five-way port, threeway port respectively as.
Adsorption tanks 2 are by a port in the five-way port of the two chambers of absorption stop valve 4 accesses gas distributor, and four ports of other in this group port are communicated with can insert test gas, be communicated with system pressure sensor 11, be communicated with Compensation Regulation valve 6, be communicated with vacuum breaker 7 by air inlet adjustment valve 5 respectively; In another group threeway port of two chambers gas distributor 12, a port is communicated with the other end of Compensation Regulation valve 6, and second port is communicated with compensating tank 9, and the 3rd port is communicated with compensating-pressure transducer 10.
Vacuum breaker 7 connects the vacuum pump (not shown in figure 1) by vacuum, emptying T-valve 8, and can be with the vacuum emptying in the system.
System pressure sensor 11, compensating-pressure transducer 10 are electrically connected with single-chip microcomputer 14 respectively, each self-monitoring pressure signal can be changed into electrical signal transfer and give single-chip microcomputer 14, form the detection architecture of two pressure signals.
On the compensating tank 9 temperature sensor that is electrically connected with single-chip microcomputer 14 can also be set, with the temperature that detects compensating tank and pass to single-chip microcomputer and handle, thereby when temperature variation, compensating tank be carried out the temperature compensation correction.
The method of utilizing above-mentioned adsorbent precision aid to carry out the adsorbent test with method for pressure compensation comprises the steps:
A. the adsorption tanks of adsorbent being packed into, airtight adsorption tanks;
B. with adsorption tanks and communicate with it decide the volume compensation jar and vacuumize after, close between the two the operation valve of adsorption tanks side in two operation valves;
C. open the air intake valve that is connected between above-mentioned two operation valves, feed test gas, and make pressure, close the operation valve of air intake valve and compensating tank side greater than the test pressure of setting to the compensating tank of deciding volume;
D. regulate the test pressure that pressure between above-mentioned two operation valves reaches setting;
E. open the operation valve of adsorption tanks side, the adsorbent in the adsorption tanks begins absorption, when absorption reaches equalized pressure, absorption is finished, open the discharge control valve of compensating tank, make two pressure between the operation valve equal the test pressure of above-mentioned setting, close the discharge control valve of compensating tank then;
F. measure the pressure of compensating tank before and after absorption and change difference, according to the relational expression of pressure and volume, and pressure volume values of factor K, calculate the test gas amount of being adsorbed;
G. set different test pressures, repeating step b~f obtains the amount of being adsorbed of adsorbent under different pressures.
Before step a, can adopt accurate volume-adjustment device and helium, the space of deciding volume compensation jar, adsorption system, adsorption tanks is demarcated.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings with instantiation explanation said method.
Embodiment 1:
Utilize adsorbent precision aid as shown in Figure 1, test adsorbent A L-GX-09.
For ease of comparing, check the dead space of deciding volume compensation jar, adsorption system, adsorption tanks with conventional volume-adjustment device with volumetric method and helium earlier, test respectively three times, obtain shown in Fig. 2 tables of data, as can be seen, the dead space that the volume-adjustment method records is 3.727ml, its error is<and ± 0.7%.
The back with method for pressure compensation and above-mentioned adsorbent precision aid record data shown in Fig. 3 tables of data, introduce calibrating (base measuring) pressure volume factor K (the K value of gas with various is proofreaied and correct respectively) here, it is defined as: when compensating tank pressure descends 1 unit, and the gas flow of being emitted.This pressure volume values of factor K is relevant with gaseous species, adsorption system volume, compensating tank volume, temperature and material surface absorption.In present embodiment, the K of helium He=△ V/ △ P, and, get its mean value through four measurements.
The helium that calculates with method for pressure compensation is checked dead space, tests respectively three times, obtain shown in Fig. 4 tables of data (among Fig. 4, V is dead=△ P*K He), as can be seen, the dead space mean value that method for pressure compensation records is 3.689ml, its error is<and ± 0.7%.
Above-mentioned check and the dead space check that utilizes the adsorbent precision aid to compensate jar carried out respectively separately as follows:
A. the adsorption tanks on the adsorbent precision aid are pulled down, the adsorbent A of packing into L-GX-09 tightens airtightly then, makes it air tight;
B. close all operation valves that comprise stop valve and variable valve on the tester, that opens absorption stop valve 4, Compensation Regulation valve 6, vacuum breaker 7, vacuum and emptying T-valve 8 then connects the vacuum pump end, pipeline to adsorption tanks 2, compensating tank 9 and connection separately vacuumizes, when treating vacuum tightness<5Kpa (system pressure sensor and/or compensating-pressure transducer are given single-chip microcomputer with pressure signal transmission), close absorption stop valve 4, vacuum breaker 7, vacuum and emptying T-valve 8, stop to vacuumize, and make path blockade between adsorption tanks 2 and the compensating tank 9;
C. open air inlet adjustment valve 5, feed test gas, because absorption stop valve 4 is closed, then test gas enters into compensating tank 9 and reaches the pipeline that communicates with it, comprise the pipeline between pipeline, Compensation Regulation valve 6 and the absorption stop valve 4 between Compensation Regulation valve 6 and the vacuum breaker 7, and above-mentioned pressure is got final product greater than the test pressure of setting, close air inlet adjustment valve 5, Compensation Regulation valve 6;
D. open the vacuum pump emptying end of vacuum and emptying T-valve 8, slowly regulate vacuum breaker 7, make the above-mentioned system pressure that is enclosed between pair five-way port of chambers gas distributor 12 adjust to the test pressure of setting, close vacuum breaker 7 then;
E. open absorption stop valve 4, test gas fed in the adsorption tanks 2 adsorb, treat that absorption is finished or when stopping, slowly regulate Compensation Regulation valve 6 again, reach in each pipeline that communicates with it with the gas compensation adsorption tanks 2 in the compensating tank 9 of deciding volume, treat the system pressure sensor that communicates with it measure its pressure and equal to adsorb before during pressure, close Compensation Regulation valve 6 to stop compensation;
F. decide compensating tank 9 its change value of pressure of interior gas compensation back of volume and send into single-chip microcomputer 14,, then can handle automatically and obtain above-mentioned test result by single-chip microcomputer based on the PVT relational expression of gas and the K value of corresponding gas by compensating-pressure transducer 10.
The temperature controller that adopts high-accuracy micro-variable valve, high-precision pressure sensor, can start to control a little more than room temperature at tester, verification is demarcated and adopted precision is the volume-adjustment device of 0.01ml, guaranteed the precision of tester, as above-mentioned display error as a result less than ± 0.7%.
Embodiment 2:
For fear of when testing the different temperatures performance of the adsorbent, the pressure that the compensating tank temperature is brought changes the error that causes, on the compensating tank outer wall temperature sensor is set, and sends signal to single-chip microcomputer.
The data that are compensated tank wall temperature and its internal pressure through test as shown in Figure 5, with the data and curves of ideal gas more as shown in Figure 6, be provided with the handling procedure that carries out the temperature correction by Fig. 6 curve with ideal gas in the single-chip microcomputer.
In the present embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, can also regulate the output power of electric furnace by temperature controller, the heating adsorption tanks, make adsorption tanks remain near the thermostatic control of normal temperature, and the temperature of adsorption tanks is sent to single-chip microcomputer by sensor carries out the temperature correction, make the result meet the degree of accuracy requirement.
Embodiment 3:
Present embodiment test adsorbent YS is respectively to the absorption property of nitrogen, carbon dioxide.
Press the method for embodiment 1, demarcate tester with nitrogen, carbon dioxide respectively, and measure K separately N2, K C02, adopt above-mentioned adsorbent precision aid on the step basis of embodiment 1, add step g, promptly set different test pressures, repeating step b~f can obtain the isotherm under the same probe temperature.
The data of test as shown in Figure 7, the curve that test data is drawn is as shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 4:
In the present embodiment, adsorbent is German hydrogen type molecular sieve, tests its carbon dioxide adsorption isothermal by utilizing above-mentioned tester, and compares with literature value, to verify tester of the present invention and method.
Press the method for embodiment 3, the carbon dioxide adsorpting data that records German hydrogen type molecular sieve and is listed corresponding literature value wherein in as shown in Figure 9.
The adsorption isothermal curve of drawing according to the data of Fig. 9 as shown in figure 10, as seen, both are identical substantially, show that tester of the present invention and method satisfy need of real project.
Embodiment 5:
Present embodiment is tested nitrogen, carbon dioxide, the methane adsorption isotherm of novel FY adsorbent, to verify tester of the present invention and the method applicability to new adsorbent.
Press the method for embodiment 3, record above-mentioned adsorbent as shown in figure 11 at the adsorpting data of above-mentioned all gases.
The adsorption isothermal curve of drawing according to Figure 11 as shown in figure 12.
In the various embodiments described above, all can and handle by the automatic record test data of single-chip microcomputer, according to draw isothermal curve chart and preserving of test data, when being equipped with printer, can be with output print as a result.
The function of above-mentioned single-chip microcomputer also can be carried out by computing machine or other CPU (central processing unit).

Claims (10)

1, adsorbent precision aid, comprise adsorption tanks, the air inlet adjustment valve that connects test gas that can communicate with adsorption tanks, it is characterized in that, also comprise the system pressure sensor, Compensation Regulation valve, the vacuum breaker that communicate with the air inlet adjustment valve, the compensating-pressure transducer that communicates with the Compensation Regulation valve, the compensating tank of deciding volume, and the single-chip microcomputer that is electrically connected with system pressure sensor, compensating-pressure transducer.
2, adsorbent precision aid according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with the absorption stop valve between described air inlet adjustment valve and the adsorption tanks.
3, adsorbent precision aid as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described adsorption tanks are arranged in the electric furnace, and electric furnace is electrically connected with temperature controller, and adsorption tanks are provided with the thermal sensor that is electrically connected with temperature controller.
4, as adsorbent precision aid as described in the claim 3, it is characterized in that described compensating tank is provided with the temperature sensor that is electrically connected with single-chip microcomputer.
5, as adsorbent precision aid as described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that described absorption stop valve, air inlet adjustment valve, Compensation Regulation valve, vacuum breaker, compensating tank, compensating-pressure transducer, system pressure sensor are by two chambers gas distributor realization connection separately; The control end of each operation valve is electrically connected with single-chip microcomputer.
6, the adsorbent method of testing is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A. the adsorption tanks of adsorbent being packed into, airtight adsorption tanks;
B. with adsorption tanks and communicate with it decide the volume compensation jar and vacuumize after, close between the two the operation valve of adsorption tanks side in two operation valves;
C. open the air intake valve that is connected between above-mentioned two operation valves, feed test gas, and make pressure, close the operation valve of air intake valve and compensating tank side greater than the test pressure of setting to the compensating tank of deciding volume;
D. regulate the test pressure that pressure between above-mentioned two operation valves reaches setting;
E. open the operation valve of adsorption tanks side, the adsorbent in the adsorption tanks begins absorption, when absorption reaches equalized pressure, absorption is finished, open the discharge control valve of compensating tank this moment, makes two pressure between the operation valve equal the test pressure of above-mentioned setting, closes the discharge control valve of compensating tank then;
F. measure the pressure of compensating tank before and after absorption and change difference, relational expression and pressure volume values of factor K according to pressure and volume calculate the test gas amount of being adsorbed; Wherein for every kind of test gas, when the K value descends 1 unit for compensating tank pressure, the gas flow of being emitted.
7, as adsorbent method of testing as described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that also having step g after the described step f, promptly set different test pressures, repeating step b~f obtains the be adsorbed amount of adsorbent under different pressures.
8, as adsorbent method of testing as described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that, before the described step a,, the space of deciding volume compensation jar, adsorption system, adsorption tanks is demarcated with accurate volume-adjustment device and helium; Among the described step a, regulate the temperature of adsorption tanks, keep the thermostatic control of adsorption tanks.
9, as adsorbent method of testing as described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, among the described step e, measure the temperature of compensating tank, the error of bringing by desirable gas correction temperature among the step f.
As adsorbent method of testing as described in the claim 9, it is characterized in that 10, described each pressure, each temperature value are handled by sensor input single-chip microcomputer or computing machine; The control of each valve is controlled according to the feedback signal of the sensor automatically by single-chip microcomputer or computing machine.
CN2009100585847A 2009-03-12 2009-03-12 Accurate tester for sorbent and method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN101498642B (en)

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CN102749259A (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-10-24 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for determining adsorption quantity of molecular sieve
CN102749350A (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-10-24 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for determining desorption heat effect of organic adsorbate on molecular sieve
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CN102749261A (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-10-24 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for determining molecular sieve and adsorbate affinity AT value
CN102749259B (en) * 2011-04-20 2016-04-13 中国石油化工股份有限公司 The method of molecular sieve adsorption quantitative determination
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CN107065951A (en) * 2017-04-10 2017-08-18 黄志婷 The accurate control set for adjusting of dynamic analog vacuum system pressure and method
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CN112229756A (en) * 2020-09-04 2021-01-15 中国人民解放军海军特色医学中心 Equipment and method for testing saturation adsorption degree of activated carbon
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CN113340765A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-09-03 西藏大学 Molecular sieve material adsorption performance detection device and method
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