CN106197896A - A kind of tube or inner liner air tightness detecting apparatus and determination of gas tightness method - Google Patents
A kind of tube or inner liner air tightness detecting apparatus and determination of gas tightness method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106197896A CN106197896A CN201610654441.2A CN201610654441A CN106197896A CN 106197896 A CN106197896 A CN 106197896A CN 201610654441 A CN201610654441 A CN 201610654441A CN 106197896 A CN106197896 A CN 106197896A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 206010008469 Chest discomfort Diseases 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000692 Student's t-test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012353 t test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/28—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
- G01M3/2846—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for tubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/086—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials of films, membranes or pellicules
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to tyre performance detection technique field, disclose a kind of tube or the air tightness detecting apparatus of inner liner and determination of gas tightness method.This device includes high pressure chest assembly, low pressure chamber assembly and for tested sample is fixed on the fixation kit between high pressure chest and low pressure chamber assembly, form airtight high pressure cavity volume and low pressure cavity volume in tested sample both sides, it also includes high-voltage power supply, high voltage control unit, high-pressure detection unit, low pressure chamber assembly, low pressure cavity volume, low pressure source, low voltage control unit, low voltage detecting unit, temperature control unit, temperature detecting unit and automatically records unit.Low pressure source is normal atmosphere, high-voltage power supply is the gases at high pressure that gas tank is filled with, instant invention overcomes in prior art take time and effort, operate complexity, accuracy is low and cost is high shortcoming, this instrument is tested, general only need can complete for 24 hours, and can truly simulate the temperature under actually used situation, substantially increase work efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tire performance detection, and particularly relates to an air tightness measuring device for a tire inner tube or an inner liner and a method for measuring the air tightness of the tire inner tube or the inner liner by using the device.
Background
The tire is generally composed of an outer tire, an inner tire and a cushion belt. There is also one without inner tube, and one rubber layer with excellent air tightness inside the tyre body and with special rim. The structure of the tires in all countries around the world is developed towards tubeless, meridian structure, flat (the ratio of the height to the width of the tire section is small) and light weight.
At present, most of inner tubes or inner liners of automobile tires adopt butyl rubber or mixed rubber of butyl rubber and other rubber. The rubber material for the inner tube or the inner liner is required to have high-strength tensile and tear resistance and good air tightness so as to ensure that the automobile tire does not need to be inflated after being used for a long time.
After the automobile tire is fully inflated and used for 6-12 months, the tire pressure can be reduced to different degrees, and leakage points can not be found generally when the automobile tire is inspected. Such micro-leakage is usually caused by gas permeation of intact tire material itself, but not by damage to tire carcass and valve, and the factors influencing gas permeation mainly include:
(1) the influence of the tire material itself-the greater the diffusion coefficient of the material, the easier the gas permeation;
(2) temperature influence-the higher the temperature, the more vigorous the gas molecular motion, the easier the gas permeation;
(3) influence of gas filling in the tire, the smaller the gas molecule diameter is, the easier the gas permeation is;
(4) the influence of the inflation pressure in the tire, namely the higher the inflation pressure in the tire, the higher the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the tire, and the easier the gas permeation.
The gas pressure in the tire is generally 0.2 to 0.25MPa for semi-steel tires and 0.7 to 0.8MPa for all-steel tires. During the high-speed running of the tyre, the internal temperature can be sharply increased, the limit temperature can reach 120 ℃, the internal air pressure of the semi-steel tyre can reach 0.264-0.33MPa, and the internal air pressure of the full-steel tyre can reach 0.923-1.055 MPa. Namely, in the actual use process of the tire, the air tightness of the tire inner tube or the inner liner layer is different under different inflation pressures and different environmental temperatures.
At present, the air tightness of the inner tube or the inner liner of the tire is evaluated by two indexes of gas transmission amount and gas transmission coefficient (GB/T1038-.
The gas permeation amount is the volume of gas per unit area of a sample that permeates through the sample per unit time when the permeation is stabilized at a constant temperature and a unit pressure difference. Expressed as volume values at standard temperature and pressure, in units of: cm3/(m2·d·Pa)。
The gas permeability coefficient is the volume of gas per unit thickness and unit area of a sample that permeates through the sample per unit time when the gas permeates stably at a constant temperature and a unit pressure difference. Expressed as volume values at standard temperature and pressure, in units of: cm3·cm/(cm2·s·Pa)。
Gas permeability Qg[cm3/(m2·d·Pa)]The calculation is performed according to equation (1):
in the formula: qgGas permeability of the material, cm3/(m2·d·Pa)；
Delta p/delta t is the arithmetic mean value of the gas pressure change of the low-pressure cavity in unit time when the gas is stably permeated, Pa/h;
v-volume of low pressure chamber, cm3；
S-test area of sample, m2；
T-test temperature, K;
p1-p2-the pressure difference, Pa, across the sample;
T0，p0temperature (273.15K) and pressure (1.0133 × 10) at Standard conditions5Pa)。
Gas permeability coefficient Pg[cm3·cm/(cm2·s·Pa)]The calculation is performed according to equation (2):
in the formula：PgGas permeability of the material, cm3·cm/(cm2·s·Pa)；
Δ p/Δ t-the arithmetic mean of the changes in the gas pressure in the low-pressure chamber per unit time, Pa/s, when passing through steadily;
t-test temperature, K;
d-test thickness, cm;
in the current industry, a test method for the air tightness of a tire inner tube or an inner liner comprises the following steps: and filling the whole finished tire with gas with specified pressure, connecting a pressure gauge, placing the finished tire in an environment with constant temperature, standing for about 7 days, and recording the change condition of the pressure in the tire after the internal temperature and the external temperature of the finished tire are balanced. The test period generally lasts at least one month and more for up to one year. The integrity test method has no other ideal realization mode except for the method of observing the pressure drop of the pressure gauge at present. The testing method has the advantages of low precision, long time consumption, high cost and inconvenient operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a novel air tightness measuring device for a tire inner tube or an inner liner, which can improve the efficiency and accuracy of air tightness test of the tire inner tube or the inner liner and realize measurement of air permeability of GB/T7755 and 2003 vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber on the device.
The invention also aims to provide a method for measuring the air tightness of the inner tube or the inner liner of the tire by using the device. The method comprises the steps of sampling a material to be detected, clamping the material between a high-pressure cavity assembly and a low-pressure cavity assembly, forming a closed high-pressure cavity and a closed low-pressure cavity on two sides of a sample respectively, keeping constant pressure difference on two sides of the sample, measuring the change of the pressure of the low-pressure cavity along with time after gas permeates through the sample, and calculating parameters directly influencing gas tightness such as gas permeability, gas permeability coefficient and the like through GB/T1038-.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme:
the utility model provides an air tightness survey device of tire inner tube or inner liner, including the high pressure chamber subassembly, low pressure chamber subassembly and be used for fixing the fixed subassembly of being tested the appearance between high pressure chamber subassembly and low pressure chamber subassembly, form inclosed high pressure in being tested appearance both sides and hold the chamber with low pressure, high pressure holds the chamber respectively with the high-pressure source, high pressure control unit and high pressure detecting element are connected, low pressure holds the chamber respectively with the low-pressure source, low pressure control unit and low pressure detecting element are connected, high pressure control unit, low pressure controlling element, temperature controlling element is respectively through corresponding high pressure detecting element, low pressure detecting element and temperature detecting element are connected with the record cell, high pressure chamber subassembly and low pressure chamber subassembly are equallyd divide and are connected with temperature controlling element and temperature detecting element respectively.
The high-pressure cavity assembly comprises a high-pressure cavity cover, a high-pressure cavity and a high-pressure cavity heating device arranged in the high-pressure cavity cover, and the high-pressure cavity heating device is connected with the temperature control unit and the temperature detection unit respectively.
The low-pressure cavity assembly comprises a low-pressure cavity cover, a low-pressure cavity and a low-pressure cavity heating device arranged in the low-pressure cavity cover, and the low-pressure cavity heating device is connected with the temperature control unit and the temperature detection unit respectively.
The high-pressure cavity heating device comprises a high-pressure cavity heating plate, a high-pressure cavity heat insulation layer and a high-pressure cavity temperature sensor, the high-pressure cavity temperature sensor penetrates through the high-pressure cavity heat insulation layer from one side of the high-pressure cavity and is inserted into the high-pressure cavity heating plate, and the high-pressure cavity temperature sensor is connected with the temperature detection unit; the low-pressure cavity heating device comprises a low-pressure cavity heating plate, a low-pressure cavity heat insulation layer and a low-pressure cavity temperature sensor, the low-pressure cavity temperature sensor penetrates through the low-pressure cavity heat insulation layer from one side of the low-pressure cavity and is inserted into the low-pressure cavity heating plate, and the low-pressure cavity temperature sensor is connected with the temperature detection unit;
preferably, the high-pressure cavity heating plate and the low-pressure cavity heating plate are the same in structure, two heating rods are arranged inside the high-pressure cavity heating plate and the low-pressure cavity heating plate in parallel, and the heating rods are connected with the temperature control unit.
The fixing component can be a pressing device or an automatic jacking device.
The pressing device comprises a guide column, a hand wheel, a screw rod and a clamping jaw, the high-pressure cavity assembly is connected with the pressing device through the guide column and the screw rod, the low-pressure cavity assembly and the pressing assembly are fixed on the same platform through screws, the clamping jaw is firmly buckled into an inclined groove on the low-pressure cavity through the hand wheel by the pressing assembly, the high-pressure cavity assembly and the low-pressure cavity assembly are pressed tightly to a tested sample, and therefore a closed high-pressure cavity and a closed low-pressure cavity are formed in two sides of the sample. The high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity have the same diameter and size.
The automatic jacking device comprises a power source (such as an air cylinder, an electric cylinder and the like) and a support, an output rod of the power source is connected with a high-pressure cavity assembly, the support and a low-pressure cavity assembly are fixed on the same platform, and the high-pressure cavity assembly is firmly pressed on the low-pressure cavity assembly and a tested sample by means of jacking force of the power source, so that a closed high-pressure cavity and a closed low-pressure cavity are formed on two sides of the tested sample.
Preferably, the fixing component is a pressing device.
The high-pressure source is high-pressure gas, so that the pressure loss of the high-pressure cavity caused by long-time leakage test is minimum by increasing the volume of the high-pressure cavity, and the high-pressure cavity can be connected with the constant-pressure gas storage tank for the test.
The low pressure source is the outside atmosphere, and the low pressure cavity is connected with the low pressure source through a high-sensitivity normally closed solenoid valve and an exhaust throttle valve. The method comprises the steps of setting an upper limit value (standard atmospheric pressure +100Pa) of the pressure of a low-pressure cavity, adjusting an exhaust throttle valve to the minimum exhaust flow, and controlling the on-off of a high-sensitivity normally closed solenoid valve to realize automatic exhaust and restore the standard atmospheric pressure by a low-pressure control unit when a low-pressure detection unit detects that the pressure value of the low-pressure cavity exceeds the set upper limit value due to long-time leakage test, so that the working condition of the tire in the actual use process is simulated.
The low-pressure cavity is internally provided with a sample supporting block, the sample supporting block is made of a material with certain hardness and good air permeability, the diameter of the sample supporting block is slightly smaller than that of the low-pressure cavity, the height of the sample supporting block is the same as the depth of the low-pressure cavity, the sample supporting block plays a supporting role for the sample 2 so as to resist high-pressure air load, the sample 2 is not obviously deformed, and the constant air permeability area is ensured.
Preferably, the sample support block is made of sintered metal powder, micro-porous metal or bonded metal particles.
The low-pressure cavity is provided with two circular grooves for placing O-shaped sealing rings, the sealing performance between the tested sample and the low-pressure cavity can be ensured, and the diameter of each O-shaped sealing ring is smaller than that of the tested sample.
The working condition of the tire in the actual use process is simulated by connecting the high-pressure cavity with high-pressure gas and connecting the low-pressure cavity with the external atmosphere, and the pressure range in the high-pressure cavity can be standard atmospheric pressure-2.0 MPa.
The automatic recording unit is provided with a data processing system.
The method for measuring the air tightness of the tire inner tube or the inner liner by using the device can measure the air tightness of the tire inner tube or the inner liner in two modes, and respectively comprises the following steps:
in constant temperature and constant pressure difference mode:
(1) sampling on a tested material, testing the thickness of a tire inner tube or inner liner sample, then placing the sample between a high-pressure cavity component and a low-pressure cavity component, fixing the high-pressure cavity component and the low-pressure cavity component by using a fixing component, and tightly pressing the tested sample, so that a closed high-pressure cavity and a closed low-pressure cavity are formed on two sides of the tested sample;
(2) communicating the low-pressure cavity with the external atmosphere to enable the initial pressure of the low-pressure cavity to be standard atmospheric pressure, and then keeping the low-pressure cavity closed;
(3) high-pressure gas with set pressure is filled into the high-pressure cavity and the constant-pressure gas storage tank;
(4) the temperature control unit is used for controlling the high-pressure cavity heating device and the low-pressure cavity heating device, keeping the temperature in the high-pressure cavity assembly and the temperature in the low-pressure cavity assembly constant, and keeping the pressure difference between the high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity constant;
(5) and (3) air tightness test: the pressure change condition of the low-pressure cavity is recorded in real time through a low-pressure detection unit and an automatic recording unit which are connected with the low-pressure cavity, and a gas permeation curve of the sample is obtained, so that the gas permeation quantity and the gas permeation coefficient are calculated;
in the mode of temperature change and pressure change difference:
(1) sampling on a tested material, testing the thickness of a tire inner tube or inner liner sample, then placing the sample between a high-pressure cavity component and a low-pressure cavity component, fixing the high-pressure cavity component and the low-pressure cavity component by using a fixing component, and tightly pressing the tested sample, so that a closed high-pressure cavity and a closed low-pressure cavity are formed on two sides of the tested sample;
(2) communicating the low-pressure cavity with the external atmosphere to enable the initial pressure of the low-pressure cavity to be standard atmospheric pressure, and then keeping the low-pressure cavity closed;
(3) filling high-pressure gas with set pressure into the high-pressure cavity and the constant-pressure gas storage tank at room temperature;
(4) the high-pressure cavity heating device and the low-pressure cavity heating device are controlled to heat the high-pressure cavity assembly and the low-pressure cavity assembly to a set temperature and keep constant through the temperature control unit and the temperature detection unit, and after the high-pressure cavity assembly and the low-pressure cavity assembly are balanced, the low-pressure cavity is communicated with the atmosphere, so that the gas pressure in the low-pressure cavity is reduced to standard atmospheric pressure and then is kept sealed;
(5) and (3) air tightness test: and recording the pressure change of the low-pressure cavity in real time through a low-pressure detection unit and an automatic recording unit which are connected with the low-pressure cavity to obtain a gas permeation curve of the sample, thereby calculating the gas permeation amount and the gas permeation coefficient.
In the two working modes, when the air tightness test in the step (5) is carried out, the pressure difference range of the high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity is between the standard atmospheric pressure and 2 MPa; the temperature ranges of the high-pressure cavity assembly and the low-pressure cavity assembly are both room temperature-150 ℃.
Preferably, in the two working modes, when the air tightness test in the step (5) is performed, the pressure difference range between the high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity is 0.2-0.3 MPa or 0.7-0.8 MPa.
The actual use working condition of the tire inner tube or the inner liner can be better simulated under the temperature-changing and pressure-changing modes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention overcomes the defects of time and labor consumption, complex operation, low accuracy and high cost in the prior art, can complete the tests on the instrument within 24 hours generally, can truly simulate the temperature under the actual use condition, and can draw the pressure change curve in real time, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency and having very important practical guiding significance for the selection and improvement of the tire inner tube or the inner liner material.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system configuration diagram of an airtightness measuring apparatus for a tire tube or an inner liner according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a compression device for the high and low pressure chamber assemblies.
Fig. 3 is an automatic jacking device of the high-pressure chamber assembly and the low-pressure chamber assembly.
Fig. 4 is an axial cross-section of the high pressure chamber perpendicular to the sample.
FIG. 5 is an axial cross-section of the low pressure chamber perpendicular to the sample.
Fig. 6 is a radial cross-section of the heating plates of the high and low pressure chambers parallel to the test specimen.
Wherein, 1 high-pressure cavity component, 2 samples, 3 low-pressure cavity components, 4 low-pressure control units, 5 low-pressure detection units, 6 temperature control units, 7 temperature detection units, 8 high-pressure control units, 9 high-pressure detection units, 10 automatic recording units, 11 pressing devices, 12 automatic jacking devices, 100 high-pressure cavities, 101 high-pressure cavity covers, 102 high-pressure cavity heat-insulating layers, 103 high-pressure cavity heating plates, 104 high-pressure cavities, 105 high-pressure cavity temperature sensors, 106 high-pressure cavity heating rods, 300 low-pressure cavities, 301 low-pressure cavity covers, 302 low-pressure cavity heat-insulating layers, 303 low-pressure cavity heating plates, 304 low-pressure cavities, 305 low-pressure cavity supporting blocks, 306O-shaped sealing rings, 307 low-pressure cavity temperature sensors, 308 low-pressure cavity heating rods, 309 high-sensitivity normally-closed electromagnetic valves, 310 exhaust throttle valves, 1101 guide columns, 1102 hand wheels, 1201 screws, 1103 jaws, power sources (such as cylinders, 1202 a support.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The utility model provides an air tightness survey device of tire inner tube or inner liner, specifically as shown in figure 1, includes high pressure chamber subassembly 1, sample 2, low pressure chamber subassembly 3, low pressure the control unit 4, low pressure detecting element 5, temperature the control unit 6, temperature the detecting element 7, high pressure the control unit 8, high pressure detecting element 9, automatic recording unit 10. The automatic recording device comprises a fixing assembly, a sample 2 arranged between a high-pressure cavity assembly 1 and a low-pressure cavity assembly 3 is tightly pressed through the fixing assembly, a closed high-pressure containing cavity 100 and a closed low-pressure containing cavity 300 are formed on two sides of the sample 2 respectively, the high-pressure containing cavity 100 is connected with a high-pressure control unit 8 and a high-pressure detection unit 9 respectively, the low-pressure containing cavity 300 is connected with a low-pressure control unit 4 and a low-pressure detection unit 5 respectively, the high-pressure control unit 8, the low-pressure control unit 4 and a temperature control unit 6 are connected with a recording unit 10 respectively through the high-pressure detection unit 9, the low-pressure detection unit 5 and a temperature detection unit 7 correspondingly, an automatic recording unit is provided with a data processing system (not shown in the figure), and the high-pressure cavity assembly.
In order to increase the volume of the high-pressure cavity 100 and minimize the pressure loss of the high-pressure cavity 100 caused by a long-time leakage test, the high-pressure cavity 100 is connected with a constant-pressure gas storage tank for the test, and high-pressure gas is filled into the high-pressure cavity and the constant-pressure gas storage tank during the test;
in order to better simulate the working condition in the actual use process, the low-pressure cavity 300 is connected with the external atmosphere through the high-sensitivity normally closed solenoid valve 309 and the exhaust throttle valve 310, the upper limit value of the pressure of the low-pressure cavity 300 is set, when the low-pressure detection unit 5 detects that the pressure value of the low-pressure cavity exceeds the set upper limit value (standard atmospheric pressure +100Pa) due to long-time leakage test, the low-pressure control unit 4 controls the on-off of the high-sensitivity normally closed solenoid valve 309 to realize automatic exhaust, and the standard pressure value is recovered, so that the working condition of the tire in the actual use process.
As shown in fig. 2, the fixing component is a pressing device 11, the pressing device 11 includes a guide post 1101, a hand wheel 1102, a screw 1103 and a claw 1104, the pressing component 11 and the low pressure cavity component 3 are fixed on the same platform by screws, the high pressure cavity component 1 is connected with the pressing device 11 by the guide post 1101 and the screw 1103, the claw 1104 is firmly buckled into an inclined groove on the low pressure cavity by the pressing component 11 through the hand wheel, so that the high pressure cavity component 1 and the low pressure cavity component 3 press the sample 2 to be tested, thereby forming a closed high pressure cavity and a closed low pressure cavity on two sides of the sample 2; the high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity have the same diameter and size.
As shown in fig. 3, the fixing component is an automatic tightening device 12, and the automatic tightening device 12 includes a power source 1201 (which may be in the form of an air cylinder, an electric cylinder, or the like) and a support 1202. The output rod of the power source 1201 is connected to the high pressure chamber assembly 1, and the bracket 1202 and the low pressure chamber assembly 3 are fixed to the same platform. The output rod of the power source 1201 can extend out and retract along the axial direction, so that the high-pressure cavity assembly 1 is driven to ascend and descend, and in the test process, the output rod of the power source 1201 firmly compresses the high-pressure cavity assembly 1 on the low-pressure cavity assembly 3 and the tested sample 2, so that the closed high-pressure cavity 100 and the closed low-pressure cavity 300 are formed on two sides of the tested sample 2.
As shown in fig. 4, the high pressure chamber assembly 1 includes a high pressure chamber cover 101, a high pressure chamber 104 and a high pressure chamber heating device, wherein the high pressure chamber heating device includes a high pressure chamber insulating layer 102, a high pressure chamber heating plate 103 and a high pressure chamber temperature sensor 105, the high pressure chamber heating plate 103 is located on the middle upper portion of the high pressure chamber 104, the high pressure chamber heating plate 103 is wrapped with the high pressure chamber insulating layer 102 around and on the upper portion, the high pressure chamber cover 101 is located on the high pressure chamber 104, the high pressure chamber cover 101 and the high pressure chamber 104 are connected by screws, the high pressure chamber temperature sensor 105 penetrates through the high pressure chamber insulating layer 102 from one side of the high pressure chamber 104 and is inserted into the high pressure chamber heating plate 103, and the high pressure chamber temperature sensor 105 is.
As shown in fig. 5, the low pressure chamber assembly 3 includes a low pressure chamber cover 301, a low pressure chamber 304, and a low pressure chamber heating apparatus disposed therein, wherein the low pressure chamber heating apparatus includes a low pressure chamber insulating layer 302, a low pressure chamber heating plate 303, and a low pressure chamber temperature sensor 307, the low pressure chamber heating plate 303 is disposed at a middle lower portion of the low pressure chamber 304, the low pressure chamber heating plate 303 is wrapped with the low pressure chamber insulating layer 302 around and below the low pressure chamber heating plate 303, the low pressure chamber cover 301 is disposed below the low pressure chamber 304, the low pressure chamber cover 301 and the low pressure chamber 304 are connected by a screw, the low pressure chamber temperature sensor 307 is inserted into the high pressure chamber heating plate 303 through the low pressure chamber insulating layer 302 from one side of the low pressure chamber 304, and the low pressure chamber temperature sensor 307 is connected to the temperature detecting unit 7 (not shown in the figure;
according to the requirement, the high-pressure cavity heating device and the low-pressure cavity heating device are controlled through the temperature control unit 6 and the temperature detection unit 7, the temperature of the gas in the high-pressure cavity 100 and the low-pressure cavity 300 is accurately controlled, and therefore the environment temperature change condition of the tire rubber material in the actual use process is simulated;
in order to ensure the air tightness between the sample 2 and the low-pressure cavity assembly 1, two circular grooves are designed at the upper part of the low-pressure cavity 304 for placing O-shaped sealing rings 306, and the diameter of the sample is larger than that of the O-shaped sealing rings, as shown in FIG. 5;
during the test, since a certain pressure difference exists between both sides of the sample 2, in order to prevent the deformation of the sample 2 from affecting the measurement of the air permeation area, the low pressure side of the sample 2 should be supported to resist the high pressure side gas pressure load. In the experimental apparatus, the low-pressure chamber 300 further includes a sample support block 305, as shown in fig. 5, a diameter of the sample support block 305 is slightly smaller than a diameter of the low-pressure chamber, a height of the sample support block is the same as a depth of the low-pressure chamber, and the sample support block is made of a material having a certain hardness and good air permeability, and can support the sample 2 to resist a high-pressure gas load, so that the sample 2 does not deform significantly, and a constant air permeability area is ensured.
As shown in fig. 6, 2 heating rods 106 and a temperature sensor 105 are arranged in parallel inside the heating plate 103 of the high pressure chamber; inside the low pressure chamber heating plate 303 are arranged in parallel 2 heating rods 308 and one temperature sensor 307. The heating rod 106(308) is connected with the temperature control unit 6, the temperature sensor 105(307) is connected with the temperature detection unit 7, and the temperature of the high-pressure cavity assembly 1 and the temperature of the low-pressure cavity assembly 3 can be accurately controlled according to needs, so that the change condition of the environmental temperature of the tire inner tube or the inner liner in the actual use process can be simulated.
The method for measuring the air tightness of the inner tube or the inner liner of the tire through the device at constant temperature and constant pressure difference comprises the following steps:
(1) sampling a material to be tested, testing the thickness of a tire inner tube or inner liner sample, then placing a sample 2 between a high-pressure cavity component 1 and a low-pressure cavity component 3, fixing the high-pressure cavity component 1 and the low-pressure cavity component 3 by a pressing device 11, pressing the sample 2 at the moment, and forming a closed high-pressure cavity 100 and a closed low-pressure cavity 300 on two sides of the sample;
(2) communicating the low-pressure cavity 300 with the external atmosphere, so that the initial pressure of the low-pressure cavity 300 is standard atmospheric pressure, and then keeping the high-sensitivity normally-closed electromagnetic valve 309 in a closed state;
(3) high-pressure gas with set pressure is filled into the high-pressure cavity 100 and the constant-pressure gas storage tank;
(4) the high-pressure cavity heating device and the low-pressure cavity heating device are controlled by the temperature control unit 6 and the temperature detection unit 7, the temperature of the high-pressure cavity assembly 1 and the temperature of the low-pressure cavity assembly 2 are kept constant, and the pressure difference of the high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity is kept constant by the high-pressure control unit 8 and the low-pressure control unit 9;
(5) and (3) air tightness test: the pressure change condition of the low-pressure cavity is recorded in real time through a low-pressure detection unit 5 and an automatic recording unit 10 which are connected with the low-pressure cavity, a gas permeation curve of the sample is obtained, and the gas permeation quantity and the gas permeation coefficient are calculated according to GB/T1038 and 2000;
the method for measuring the air tightness of the tire inner tube or the inner liner layer through the device under the conditions of temperature change and pressure change difference specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) sampling a material to be tested, testing the thickness of a tire inner tube or inner liner sample, then placing a sample 2 between a high-pressure cavity component 1 and a low-pressure cavity component 3, fixing the high-pressure cavity component 1 and the low-pressure cavity component 3 by a pressing device 11, pressing the sample 2 at the moment, and forming a closed high-pressure cavity 100 and a closed low-pressure cavity 300 on two sides of the sample;
(2) communicating the low-pressure cavity 300 with the external atmosphere to enable the initial pressure of the low-pressure cavity to be standard atmospheric pressure, and then keeping the high-sensitivity normally-closed electromagnetic valve 309 in a closed state;
(3) filling high-pressure gas with set pressure into the high-pressure cavity 100 and the constant-pressure gas storage tank at room temperature;
(4) the high-pressure cavity heating device and the low-pressure cavity heating device are controlled to heat the high-pressure cavity assembly 1 and the low-pressure cavity assembly 3 to a set temperature and keep constant through the temperature control unit 6 and the temperature detection unit 7, after balance, the gas pressure in the high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity is increased, the high-pressure cavity is kept sealed at the moment, the low-pressure cavity is communicated with the atmosphere through opening the normally closed electromagnetic valve 309, the normally closed electromagnetic valve 309 is closed after the gas pressure in the low-pressure cavity is reduced to the standard atmospheric pressure, and the sealed state is kept;
(5) and (3) air tightness test: the pressure change of the low-pressure cavity is recorded in real time through the low-pressure detection unit 5 and the automatic recording unit 10 which are connected with the low-pressure cavity, so that a gas permeation curve of the sample is obtained, and the gas permeation quantity and the gas permeation coefficient are calculated according to GB/T1038 and 2000.
In the above method for measuring airtightness, the gas permeability and the gas permeability of the sample are specifically calculated by the following expressions:
in the formula: qgGas permeability of the material, cm3/(m2·d·Pa)；
Delta p/delta t is the arithmetic mean value of the gas pressure change of the low-pressure cavity in unit time when the gas is stably permeated, Pa/h; the low voltage detection unit and the automatic recording unit obtain the result;
v-volume of low pressure chamber, cm3(ii) a Measured according to actual conditions;
s-test area of sample, m2(ii) a Measured according to actual conditions;
t-test temperature, K; the temperature is obtained by a temperature detection unit and an automatic recording unit;
p1-p2-the pressure difference, Pa, across the sample; the device is obtained by a high-voltage detection unit, a low-voltage detection unit and an automatic recording unit;
T0，p0temperature (273.15K) and pressure (1.0133 × 10) at Standard conditions5Pa)。
D-test thickness, cm; derived from the measurement samples.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an air tightness survey device of tire inner tube or inner liner, its characterized in that includes the high pressure chamber subassembly, low pressure chamber subassembly and be used for fixing the fixed subassembly of being tested the appearance between high pressure chamber subassembly and low pressure chamber subassembly, form inclosed high pressure appearance chamber and low pressure appearance chamber in being tested appearance both sides, high pressure holds the chamber respectively with the high-voltage source, high pressure control unit and high pressure detecting element are connected, the low pressure holds the chamber respectively with the low-voltage source, low pressure control unit and low pressure detecting element are connected, high pressure control unit, low pressure control unit, temperature control unit is respectively through corresponding high pressure detecting element, low pressure detecting element and temperature detecting element are connected with the record cell, high pressure chamber subassembly and low pressure chamber subassembly are equallyd divide and are connected with temperature controlling element and temperature detecting element.
2. The apparatus for measuring airtightness of a tire inner tube or liner as set forth in claim 1, wherein said high pressure chamber assembly comprises a high pressure chamber cover, a high pressure chamber body and a high pressure chamber heating means disposed therein; the low-pressure cavity assembly comprises a low-pressure cavity cover, a low-pressure cavity and a low-pressure cavity heating device arranged in the low-pressure cavity cover; the high-pressure cavity heating device and the low-pressure cavity heating device are respectively connected with the temperature control unit and the temperature detection unit.
3. The airtightness testing apparatus for the tire inner tube or the inner liner according to claim 2, wherein the high-pressure chamber heating means includes a high-pressure chamber heating plate, a high-pressure chamber insulating layer and a high-pressure chamber temperature sensor, the high-pressure chamber temperature sensor is inserted into the high-pressure chamber heating plate through the high-pressure chamber insulating layer from one side of the high-pressure chamber, and the high-pressure chamber temperature sensor is connected to the temperature detecting unit; the low pressure cavity heating device comprises a low pressure cavity heating plate, a low pressure cavity heat-insulating layer and a low pressure cavity temperature sensor, wherein the low pressure cavity temperature sensor penetrates through the low pressure cavity heat-insulating layer from one side of the low pressure cavity to be inserted into the low pressure cavity heating plate, and the low pressure cavity temperature sensor is connected with the temperature detection unit.
4. The apparatus for measuring airtightness of an inner tube or liner for a tire according to claim 3, wherein the heating plate for the high pressure chamber and the heating plate for the low pressure chamber have the same structure, and two heating rods are arranged in parallel inside the same, and the heating rods are connected to the temperature control unit.
5. The apparatus for measuring airtightness of a tire inner tube or liner as set forth in claim 1, wherein said fixing member is a pressing means or an automatic pressing means.
6. The device for measuring the airtightness of the tire inner tube or liner according to claim 5, wherein the pressing means comprises a guide post, a hand wheel, a screw rod and a jaw, the high pressure chamber assembly is connected with the pressing means through the guide post and the screw rod, the low pressure chamber assembly and the pressing assembly are fixed on the same platform through screws, and the pressing assembly is used for firmly buckling the jaw into the inclined groove on the low pressure chamber body through the hand wheel so that the high pressure chamber assembly and the low pressure chamber assembly press the sample to be tested; the automatic jacking device comprises a power source and a support, an output rod of the power source is connected with a high-pressure cavity assembly, the support and a low-pressure cavity assembly are fixed on the same platform, and the high-pressure cavity assembly is firmly pressed on the low-pressure cavity assembly and a tested sample by means of jacking force of the power source, so that a closed high-pressure cavity and a closed low-pressure cavity are formed on two sides of the tested sample; an O-shaped sealing ring is also arranged between the sample to be tested and the low-pressure cavity assembly, so that a closed high-pressure cavity and a closed low-pressure cavity are formed on two sides of the sample; the high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity have the same diameter and size.
7. The airtightness testing apparatus for the inner tube or liner of a tire according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure source is a high-pressure gas, and a constant-pressure gas tank is further connected between the high-pressure chamber and the high-pressure source; the low pressure source is the outside atmosphere, and the low pressure cavity is connected with the low pressure source through a high-sensitivity normally closed solenoid valve and an exhaust throttle valve.
8. The device for measuring the air tightness of the tire inner tube or the inner liner of the tire as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the low pressure chamber further comprises a sample supporting block, the diameter of the sample supporting block is slightly smaller than that of the low pressure chamber, and the height of the sample supporting block is the same as the depth of the low pressure chamber; the sample supporting block is made of sintered metal powder, microporous metal or bonded metal particles.
9. A method for measuring the airtightness of a tire inner tube or inner liner using the airtightness measuring apparatus for a tire inner tube or inner liner according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) sampling on a tested material, testing the thickness of a tire inner tube or inner liner sample, then placing the sample between a high-pressure cavity component and a low-pressure cavity component, fixing the high-pressure cavity component and the low-pressure cavity component by using a fixing component, and tightly pressing the tested sample, so that a closed high-pressure cavity and a closed low-pressure cavity are formed on two sides of the tested sample;
(2) communicating the low-pressure cavity with the external atmosphere to enable the initial pressure of the low-pressure cavity to be standard atmospheric pressure, and then keeping the low-pressure cavity closed;
(3) high-pressure gas with set pressure is filled into the high-pressure cavity and the constant-pressure gas storage tank;
(4) the temperature control unit is used for controlling the high-pressure cavity heating device and the low-pressure cavity heating device, keeping the temperature in the high-pressure cavity assembly and the temperature in the low-pressure cavity assembly constant, and keeping the pressure difference of the high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity constant through the high-pressure control unit and the low-pressure control unit;
(5) and (3) air tightness test: the pressure change condition of the low-pressure cavity is recorded in real time through a low-pressure detection unit and an automatic recording unit which are connected with the low-pressure cavity, and a gas permeation curve of the sample is obtained, so that the gas permeation quantity and the gas permeation coefficient are calculated;
or,
(1) sampling on a tested material, testing the thickness of a tire inner tube or inner liner sample, then placing the sample between a high-pressure cavity component and a low-pressure cavity component, fixing the high-pressure cavity component and the low-pressure cavity component by using a fixing component, and tightly pressing the tested sample, so that a closed high-pressure cavity and a closed low-pressure cavity are formed on two sides of the tested sample;
(2) communicating the low-pressure cavity with the external atmosphere to enable the initial pressure of the low-pressure cavity to be standard atmospheric pressure, and then keeping the low-pressure cavity closed;
(3) filling high-pressure gas with set pressure into the high-pressure cavity and the constant-pressure gas storage tank at room temperature;
(4) the high-pressure cavity heating device and the low-pressure cavity heating device are controlled to heat the high-pressure cavity assembly and the low-pressure cavity assembly to a set temperature and keep constant through the temperature control unit and the temperature detection unit, and after the high-pressure cavity assembly and the low-pressure cavity assembly are balanced, the low-pressure cavity is communicated with the atmosphere, so that the gas pressure in the low-pressure cavity is reduced to standard atmospheric pressure and then is kept sealed;
(5) and (3) air tightness test: and recording the pressure change of the low-pressure cavity in real time through a low-pressure detection unit and an automatic recording unit which are connected with the low-pressure cavity to obtain a gas permeation curve of the sample, thereby calculating the gas permeation amount and the gas permeation coefficient.
10. The method for determining the airtightness of the inner tube or liner of a tire according to claim 9, wherein the differential pressure in the airtightness test is in the range of standard atmospheric pressure to 2 MPa; the temperature range is room temperature-150 ℃.
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Inventor after: Dai Deying Inventor after: Liu Shijie Inventor after: Wu Pengzhang Inventor after: Li Keying Inventor before: Dai Deying Inventor before: Liu Shijie Inventor before: Li Keying |
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Effective date of registration: 20240125 Address after: 266000 West Side of Gangxing Avenue and North Side of Jihe Road, Boli Town, Huangdao District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province Patentee after: Qingdao Guoxiang Yiwen Rubber Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 266042 No. 43, Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao, Shandong Patentee before: EVE RUBBER INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |