CN101498503A

CN101498503A - Coal burning hot air furnace with horizontal-reciprocating grate

Info

Publication number: CN101498503A
Application number: CNA200810045335XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵明孔; 李学齐; 何光赞
Original assignee: Sichuan Nanchong Canju Research Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Nanchong Canju Research Co Ltd
Priority date: 2008-01-30
Filing date: 2008-01-30
Publication date: 2009-08-05

Abstract

The invention relates to a horizontal reciprocating push grate (6) which comprises a heat-insulating long furnace chamber (1), at least one fuel inlet (2) and a waste residue outlet and is connected with the fuel inlet (2) to support fuel and form a combustion process. The upper space of the horizontal reciprocating push grate is provided with a heat exchanger (3) with a plurality of layers of annular metal barrel bodies forming clapboards. The heat exchanger is supported by the upper end face of the furnace chamber, the barrel-shaped clapboard at the innermost layer of the exchanger forms the lower part of a cavity, a group of upwardly raising furnace arches (16) are arranged between the cavity and a hearth cavity which is arranged in the furnace chamber and includes the upper part of the horizontal reciprocating push grate, the furnace arches (16) extend along the long direction of the furnace chamber, the furnace arches (16) are provided with holes to communicate the upper cavity with the lower hearth cavity, the metal barrel body clapboards of the heat exchanger form flue gas passages and hot air passages, which are separated from each other, high-temperature flue gas generated in the hearth heats the clapboards while being discharged outsides through the flue gas passages, and required hot air can be obtained by exchanging the heat by the heated clapboards and the cold air fed by a ventilator. The invention is widely applicable, can fully burn low-quality soft coal and has good effect in smoke and dust elimination.

Description

Coal burning hot air furnace with horizontal-reciprocating grate

Affiliated field

The present invention relates generally to a kind of hot-blast stove.

Background technology

Known hot-blast stove kind is a lot, in the silk cocoon industry in Sichuan, using hot-blast stove a kind of and that the silk cocoon dryer is supporting for many years is that a kind of upright cylinder type heat-exchanger rig is housed on a kind of stove seat, this heat-exchanger rig often places stove seat top, fixing fire grate is set in the stove seat, the top of fire grate forms burner hearth, the center of heat-exchanger rig overlaps identical with the center of burner hearth, the high temperature heating that heat-exchanger rig utilizes the burner hearth burning to be produced, heat-exchanger rig form sandwich shape with dividing plate and become flue gas passing away and hot-air channel.But such hot-blast stove thermal efficiency is low, working strength is big, needs constantly to stir with artificial open hearth, makes coal-fired fully burning, even but like this, the also impossible completing combustion of coal, therefore often black smoke is a lot, and is also very fastidious to coal, the masses around inviting complain that this stove has polluted environment, add that the thermal efficiency is low, uneconomical again, therefore this known hot-blast furnace transformation is inevitable.

The utility model content

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of shortcoming that can overcome known technology, it is little to have energy consumption, thermal efficiency height, the coal burning hot air furnace with horizontal-reciprocating grate that environmental pollution is little.

For achieving the above object, the solution of the present invention is: described hot-blast stove comprises a heat insulation microscler furnace chamber, at least one fuel feed inlet and waste residue discharging opening, a horizontal-reciprocating grate that links to each other and carry fuel and form combustion process with charging aperture, the upper space of fire grate is equipped with one and has the heat-exchange device that multilayer annular metal cylindrical shell forms dividing plate, described device is supported by the upper surface of furnace chamber, form at heat-exchanger rig innermost layer tubular dividing plate one group of chimney arch that raises up is installed between the cavity pocket of burner hearth that comprises fire grate top in cavity bottom and the furnace chamber, arch stretches along the microscler direction of furnace chamber, the cavity pocket of burner hearth of porose connection upper cavity and bottom on the arch, the metal cylinder dividing plate of heat-exchanger rig forms the exhaust gases passes and the hot-air channel of mutual isolation, the high-temperature flue gas that generates in burner hearth heated barrier when exhaust gases passes effluxes, the cold wind of sending into by the dividing plate and the ventilation blower of heating carries out heat exchange and obtains desired hot blast.

The present invention considers is the set device convection mechanism for ease of heat exchange, is convenient to the mutual heat absorption between hot blast and flue gas, effectively utilizes waste heat.

Adopt the favourable part of such scheme be heat-exchange device be set directly at the furnace chamber combustion chamber above, be provided with chimney arch in the combustion chamber, burning condition preferably is provided, and flue gas is flowed along nexine tubular dividing plate, so the flue gas and the flame radiation heat of high heat directly act on heat-exchange device, improve the thermal efficiency like this and brought other benefit, realized purpose of the present invention.

Below in conjunction with diagram and embodiment scheme is described in more detail.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of coal burning hot air furnace with horizontal-reciprocating grate;

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the A-A cutaway view among Fig. 2.

The specific embodiment

Contrast accompanying drawing 1, this hot-blast stove comprises a heat insulation microscler furnace chamber 1, described furnace chamber is built into refractory material, the front end of furnace chamber is provided with charging aperture 2, the upper end of furnace chamber is provided with the heat-exchange device 3 that cylindrical shell constitutes, profile is ring-type or oval-shaped vertical sleeve type heat exchanger, is connected with a pre-heat exchanger 4 of shell and tube in its back-end.

Front end at furnace chamber 1 is provided with the coal bunker 5 that forms charging aperture 2, what link to each other with coal bunker 5 is a cover coal burning machine, the coal burning machine of present embodiment is a kind of horizontal-reciprocating grate machine 6, its primary structure comprises moved cross beam 7, fixed cross beam 8, movable furnace grate plate 9, fixed grate film 10 is formed, the front end bending of two kinds of fire grate segments, the rear end has half hole to cooperate with axle, and two kinds of fire grate segments are overlapping alternately to be installed, and movable furnace grate plate 9 is by spool cooperating on half hole and the moved cross beam 7, axle on fixed grate film 10 and the fixed cross beam 8 cooperates, and moved cross beam 7 is linked to each other by motor-driven eccentric stiffener with one.Such fire grate segment forms certain width and becomes fire grate, the coal seam is layered on the fire grate and on fire grate burns, moved cross beam 7 is made horizontal reciprocating movement under the drive of eccentric stiffener, also driving the moving grate that is attached thereto moves forward and backward, the sweep of fire grate front end is pushed coal to reach in the time of forward, therefore the coal seam of burning on fire grate constantly moves forward, and finishes combustion process.The end of fire grate is another discharging opening 11, and the lime-ash of being convenient to after-flame cleans out furnace chamber,

Upper space in the fire grate effective length is equipped with a heat-exchange device 3, the shape of cross section of described device is ring-type or ellipse, long axis of ellipse is consistent with the laying direction of fire grate, described device is by the upper support of furnace chamber 1, its inside spacing is arranged is divided into some telescopic spaces with dividing plate 12 along elliptical wall, being convenient to flue gas flows between the concentric metallic walls that has different radial dimensions and isolate mutually respectively with hot blast, the convection current of heat exchange is convenient in formation, in the interlayer that hot blast is advanced, also establish eddy flow plate 26, so that formed hot blast curl is advanced.Surround a cavity 14 at heat-exchanger rig innermost layer tubular dividing plate 13, so the bottom shape of heat-exchanger rig 3 is an endless belt, this endless belt is supported by the upper plane of furnace chamber 1, the part that only touches the endless belt bottom is directly built the basis with building materials, form firm support, cavity 14 pairing furnace chambers partly form furnace cavity 15, cavity 14 and furnace cavity 15 boundarys are equipped with the chimney arch 16 of one group of thin-shell type, chimney arch 16 extends along the microscler direction of fire grate, the cover part furnace cavity, chimney arch 16 is according to the position difference, form face arch 17, hogging 18, rear arch 19, described hogging 18 is trapped among in the cavity 14 that heat-exchanger rig nexine tubular dividing plate 13 surrounded basically, as shown in Figure 2, be combined to form by some single bar shaped arches 20, present embodiment is that three single bar shaped arches 20 are combined to form, area in the middle of the single bar shaped arch 20 is big slightly, a fillet 21 is respectively stretched out at two ends, when therefore single bar shaped arch 20 is combined into hogging, middle composition does not stay the slit, form hole 22 between the fillet 21, described hole 22 is communicated with furnace cavity and cavity 14, observe single bar shaped arch 20 from Fig. 3, two fillet 21 minor bendings become rib-like, the end of fillet 21 puts in the building structure of furnace chamber, support arch 20, the single bar shaped arch 20 usefulness refractory concretes casting of present embodiment or fire with refractory material forms, and is built into stepped 23 at the burner hearth front end when building stove and compresses a little that the space forms face arch 17, hogging 18 is installed when building the middle part, because hogging 18 is to cavity 14 internal projection,, form comparatively spacious burner hearth so the furnace cavity that hogging 18 bottoms form has occupied part cavity 14, rear arch 19 is formed by the rear portion of furnace chamber 1, shrinks space a little.

Adopting above-mentioned domes is technical considerations of the present invention, wherein face arch is the arch that ignites, be dry distillation area, rear arch is in burning-out zone, improve the temperature of rear portion burner hearth, hogging forces high-temperature flue gas upwards to flow along hearth wall, if the direct cavity 14 that heat-exchanger rig innermost layer tubular dividing plate 13 is surrounded, form the combustion chamber jointly with burner hearth simply, then because of cavity is too big, temperature is difficult for promoting, the influence burning, the combustion chamber that formation is made up of chimney arch becomes coal-fired main combustion space, higher fire box temperature is arranged, the temperature height, the thermal efficiency is high naturally, the direct in addition steel plate with dividing plate 13 exposes at high temperature, is easy to by high-temperature damage, so it is favourable to the service life of steel plate to isolate direct calcination.The parts of fine buckwheat coal that ventilation blower blows afloat during the burning of domes handle keeps off back, and these coal grains may be taken out of burner hearth by high-temperature flue gas stream under the effect of smoke induced draught fan.Form waste of fuel and produce black smoke, guide high-temperature flue gas to flow in addition, bring into play the thermal effect that adds of flue gas heat exchanging device along the furnace wall of parallel operation.Represent to intend forming the hot blast direct of travel of working media in the diagram with the solid arrow line, the with dashed lines arrow is represented the direction that flue gas is discharged, and its direct of travel is opposite each other.Because air-flow is to flow in the circular cylinder of elliptical shape, it is less to be subjected to resistance, has reduced the resistance of advancing.Also be provided with a tubular heat exchanger 4 in the outside that heat-exchange device 3 combines with furnace chamber 1, in heat exchanger 4, be provided with plurality of rows pipeline 24, be contained in the outer sleeve 25, feed the cold wind preheating in the sleeve 25, feed flue gas in the pipeline.

The hot-blast stove of this device has removed in traditional cocoon drying device and has used fixed grate, and the employing moving grate, in the combustion chamber, form three burning blocks, it is the preheating dry distillation area, high temperature combustion zone and burning-out zone, first row's moving grate is at first released coal from the adjustable opening of coal bunker bottom, coal seam thickness is controlled by the coal flashboard, because the continuous reciprocating motion of moving grate, the coal seam slowly pushes burner hearth from front to back, owing to be subjected to high temperature heat radiation, preheating destructive distillation gradually, distillation fire burns, the fuel gas that burning produces, black smoke and coke burnout fuel gas and black smoke to the high temperature combustion zone of hogging by the middle part from face arch, and imperfect combustion coke is pushed into burning-out zone, before leaving burner hearth,, fall into the cinder chamber of afterbody at last with its abundant after-flame.

The reciprocating grate that hot-blast stove adopts has ignition condition preferably, in the stove coal seam fire burns except the flue gas heat radiation of high temperature, because the coal that the reciprocating motion of fire grate will not caught fire is pushed on the spent coal seam, rear, make coal direct fire burns, fire grate pushes coke button and loose coal seam continuously, part has replaced stoker's flat fire operation, very favourable to quickening burning of coal, therefore the use of this device is very laborsaving, wide adaptability, the relatively poor bituminous coal of energy burning quality, sufficient combustion, smoke medicining dust-removing effect is good, and oke exhaust blackness reaches below the Lin Geman one-level during normal combustion, the heat exchange efficiency height, can reach more than 75%, the hot-air drying is pollution-free, therefore is a kind of comparatively ideal hot-blast stove that is used for the silk cocoon oven dry, and the oven dry that can certainly be used for Chinese medicine and other agricultural byproducts is handled.

Claims

1, a kind of coal burning hot air furnace with horizontal-reciprocating grate, described hot-blast stove comprises a heat insulation microscler furnace chamber (1), at least one fuel feed inlet (2) and waste residue discharging opening, a horizontal-reciprocating grate (6) that links to each other and carry fuel and form combustion process with charging aperture, the upper space of fire grate is equipped with one and has the heat-exchange device (3) that multilayer annular metal cylindrical shell forms dividing plate, described device is supported by the upper surface of furnace chamber, it is characterized in that: form at heat-exchanger rig innermost layer tubular dividing plate one group of chimney arch that raises up (16) is installed between the cavity pocket of burner hearth that comprises fire grate top in cavity bottom and the furnace chamber, arch stretches along the microscler direction of furnace chamber, the cavity pocket of burner hearth of porose connection upper cavity and bottom on the arch, the metal cylinder dividing plate of heat-exchanger rig forms the exhaust gases passes and the hot-air channel of mutual isolation, the high-temperature flue gas that generates in burner hearth heated barrier when exhaust gases passes effluxes, the cold wind of sending into by the dividing plate and the ventilation blower of heating carries out heat exchange and obtains desired hot blast.

2, coal burning hot air furnace with horizontal-reciprocating grate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described horizontal-reciprocating grate machine (6), its primary structure comprises moved cross beam (7), fixed cross beam (8), moving grate (9), fixed grate film (10) is formed, the front end bending of two kinds of fire grate segments, the rear end has half hole to cooperate with axle, two kinds of overlapping alternately installations of fire grate segment, movable furnace grate plate (9) cooperates by the axle on half hole and the moved cross beam (7), and spool cooperating on fixed grate film (10) and the fixed cross beam (8), moved cross beam (7) is linked to each other by motor-driven eccentric stiffener with one.

3, coal burning hot air furnace with horizontal-reciprocating grate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heat-exchange device (3) shape of cross section is ring-type or ellipse, long axis of ellipse is consistent with the laying direction of fire grate, described device is by the upper support of furnace chamber (1), and its inside spacing is arranged is divided into some telescopic spaces with dividing plate (12) along elliptical wall.

4, coal burning hot air furnace with horizontal-reciprocating grate according to claim 3 is characterized in that: also establish eddy flow plate (26) in the interlayer that hot blast is advanced.

5, according to claim 1 or 3 described coal burning hot air furnace with horizontal-reciprocating grate, it is characterized in that: heat-exchanger rig innermost layer tubular dividing plate (13) surrounds a cavity (14), the bottom shape of heat-exchanger rig (3) is an endless belt, this endless belt is supported by the upper plane of furnace chamber (1), the pairing furnace chamber of cavity (14) partly forms furnace cavity (15), and cavity (14) and furnace cavity (15) boundary are equipped with the chimney arch (16) of one group of thin-shell type.

6, coal burning hot air furnace with horizontal-reciprocating grate according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: chimney arch (16) is according to the position difference, form face arch (17), hogging (18), rear arch (19), described hogging (18) is trapped among in the cavity (14) that heat-exchanger rig nexine tubular dividing plate (13) surrounded, and is combined to form by some single bar shapeds arches (20).

7, coal burning hot air furnace with horizontal-reciprocating grate according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the area in the middle of the single bar shaped arch (20) is big slightly, a fillet (21) is respectively stretched out at two ends, form hole (22) between the fillet (21), described hole (22) is communicated with furnace cavity and cavity (14), two fillets (21) minor bending becomes rib-like, and the end of fillet (21) puts in the building structure of furnace chamber, supports arch (20).

8, coal burning hot air furnace with horizontal-reciprocating grate according to claim 7 is characterized in that: single bar shaped arch (20) is fired with the refractory concrete casting or with refractory material and is formed.

9, according to the coal burning hot air furnace with horizontal-reciprocating grate of above every claim, it is characterized in that: set device is the convection mechanism of heat exchange, is convenient to the mutual heat absorption between hot blast and flue gas, effectively utilizes waste heat.