CN101488236B - Simulation method for funnel breast orthopaedic surgery - Google Patents
Simulation method for funnel breast orthopaedic surgery Download PDFInfo
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- CN101488236B CN101488236B CN2009100013833A CN200910001383A CN101488236B CN 101488236 B CN101488236 B CN 101488236B CN 2009100013833 A CN2009100013833 A CN 2009100013833A CN 200910001383 A CN200910001383 A CN 200910001383A CN 101488236 B CN101488236 B CN 101488236B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a funnel chest orthopaedic surgery simulation method; chest three-dimension visualization bone models and costal cartilage models are respectively processed by face mesh division, and the mesh is optimized; a mesh conversion is used on the basis of mesh optimization, and a chest model is converted into a body mesh from a face mesh; rib, costal cartilage and breast bone are respectively material-evaluated, and skeleton body mesh model of each part is assembled so as to obtain a complete chest three-dimensional mechanical model; boundary conditions and loading force moment are determined, and the chest model is processed by finite element analysis so as to obtain the stress, strain and displacement conditions of each skeleton part under the action of different external forces; the incision position, support plate material, fixing method and supporting force moment of funnel chest surgery are simulated so that the success ratio of funnel chest surgery is increased to over 98% from 70-90% of the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of orthomorphia emulation mode, particularly simulation method for funnel breast orthopaedic surgery.
Background technology
Chonechondrosternon is that breastbone partly caves inward, and also with its depression, outward appearance is the congenital chest deformity of funnel to the adjacent rib cartilage.
Known lopsided breastbone corrective procedure is a Nuss Wicresoft orthomorphia, and object mostly is the costal cartilage child of calcification not as yet.Infant koilosternia degree is diagnosed before the art, determined its chonechondrosternon index, select the proper supporting plate, it is bent to a certain degree, under thoracoscope, implant in patient's body, the costal cartilage of deformity is lifted by Minimally Invasive Surgery according to doctor's experience.
There is following deficiency in the Nuss operation: the fixed position of (1) back up pad mainly relies on doctor's clinical experience, there are not science, accurate analytic system to carry out auxiliary positioning, thereby cause the part infant after surgery because of the stressed extruding of thorax produces the back up pad displacement, cause the damage of heart and trunk; (2) different its chonechondrosternon sinking degree difference of infant is used difform back up pad, and it is also varied by force direction and size.If only rely on doctor's experience, easily cause internal organs pressurized in the thoracic cavity, produce complication; (3) success rate of operation are about 70～90%, and operative failure then must carry out second operation, has strengthened patient and its family members' misery and financial burden.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the low deficiency of prior art success rate of operation, the invention provides a kind of simulation method for funnel breast orthopaedic surgery, 3D Visualization Model at the chonechondrosternon thorax, adopt finite element method that breastbone, costal cartilage, rib are carried out stress, strain, Displacement Analysis and emulation, can improve the success ratio of chonechondrosternon operation.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems: a kind of simulation method for funnel breast orthopaedic surgery is characterized in may further comprise the steps:
(a) chonechondrosternon rib/breastbone model and costal cartilage model are carried out the gore grid dividing respectively, obtain the three-dimensional grid model of chonechondrosternon rib/breastbone and costal cartilage;
(b) triangle in the model is detected,, carry out grid optimization if of inferior quality number of triangles surpasses at 0.05% o'clock of sum; At the bone smooth region, increase the triangular element size, reduce number of grid; In the bone sharpened areas, reduce the triangular element size, increase number of grid;
(c) to the boundary line of the veil lattice model after optimizing along its division, going deep into model inside divides, by cutting apart entity and arranging that seed comes the density and the position of control module, change triangular element into tetrahedron element, the veil lattice model is converted to the volume mesh model;
(d) each volume mesh element is calculated gray-scale value, and determine corresponding mechanics of materials parameter, be rib, breastbone, costal cartilage assignment in the model;
The skeleton density of rib, breastbone, costal cartilage correspondence is: in D=1.122 * HU+47 formula, HU is the gray-scale value of rib in the model, breastbone, costal cartilage; Its elastic modulus is: E=2.20 * D-209; (e) rib/breastbone model and costal cartilage model are assembled, obtain a complete chonechondrosternon thorax three-dimensional mechanical model;
(f) chonechondrosternon thorax three-dimensional mechanical model is applied boundary condition and constraint condition, the degree of freedom of all nodes of each thoracic vertebrae surface is applied displacement constraint maintains static it, the chest sunk part is applied outside vertical load, implant the situation of child's thorax in order to back up pad in the sham operated, load type is got concentrated force, by finite element analysis, obtain the distribution of stress, strain and the displacement of chonechondrosternon three-dimensional mechanical model under static load;
(g) according to stress, strain and the Displacements Distribution of thorax model under the different static loads, research operative incision position, supporting plate material, fixing means and support moment, after back up pad is implanted in emulation, the stressing conditions of rib, costal cartilage, breastbone and back up pad and postoperative effect, auxiliary doctor determines operation plan for the chonechondrosternon infant.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the 3D Visualization Model that the present invention is directed to the chonechondrosternon thorax, adopt finite element method that breastbone, costal cartilage, rib are carried out stress, strain, Displacement Analysis and emulation, the success ratio of chonechondrosternon operation is brought up to more than 98% by 70～90% of prior art.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is elaborated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a simulation method for funnel breast orthopaedic surgery process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the used chonechondrosternon rib of simulation method for funnel breast orthopaedic surgery of the present invention/breastbone three-dimensional grid model.
Fig. 3 is the used chonechondrosternon costal cartilage of a simulation method for funnel breast orthopaedic surgery of the present invention three-dimensional grid model.
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing after Fig. 2 gladiolus model meshes is optimized.
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram after Fig. 2 and the assembling of Fig. 3 model.
Fig. 6 is the stress diagram of model when model shown in Figure 5 is applied 200N load.
Fig. 7 is the stress diagram of model when model shown in Figure 5 is applied 400N load.
Fig. 8 is the strain figure of model when model shown in Figure 5 is applied 200N load.
Fig. 9 is the strain figure of model when model shown in Figure 5 is applied 400N load.
Figure 10 is the displacement diagram of model when model shown in Figure 5 is applied 200N load.
Figure 11 is the displacement diagram of model when model shown in Figure 5 is applied 400N load.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1～11.3D model and costal cartilage 3D model to chonechondrosternon rib/breastbone carries out the division of veil lattice, grid optimization at first respectively; The veil lattice model is converted to the volume mesh model, and gives material properties, two models are assembled into a complete three-dimensional mechanical model for different bones; Definition boundary condition, constraint condition and load are carried out finite Element Stress, strain and Displacement Analysis to this model; According to The results, the postoperative effect of each chonechondrosternon operation plan of comparative analysis is determined the clinical protocol that chonechondrosternon is performed the operation at last.The concrete implementation step of this method is as follows:
1) in finite element software, the rib/breastbone model of chonechondrosternon and costal cartilage model are carried out preliminary veil lattice respectively divide, model surface is divided into hundreds thousand of little triangles, obtain the three-dimensional grid model of chonechondrosternon rib/breastbone and costal cartilage;
2) triangle in the check three-dimensional grid model, is parameter with leg-of-mutton height to the ratio (height/base) on base, it is of inferior quality triangle that the height/base value is approximately 0 triangle, it is excellent triangle that the height/base value is approximately 1 triangle, weigh each leg-of-mutton quality with this standard, and then assess the quality of preliminary grid dividing.If of inferior quality number of triangles must be carried out grid optimization greater than 0.05% o'clock of sum.In optimizing process, change the grid dividing method, again carry out the veil lattice and divide, keep excellent triangle, remove of inferior quality triangle and unnecessary model surface, and check the triangle of repartitioning once more, be lower than 0.05% of total number of triangles until of inferior quality number of triangles.Behind the grid optimization, the zone that bone is comparatively level and smooth, the triangular element size is bigger, and number of grid is less; The zone that bone is comparatively sharp-pointed, the triangular element size is little, and number of grid increases;
3) to the boundary line of the veil lattice model after optimizing along its division, going deep into model inside divides, by cutting apart entity and arranging that seed comes the density and the position of control module, changes triangular element into tetrahedron element, thereby makes the veil lattice model be converted to the volume mesh model;
4) according to the characteristic of children's's thorax each several part bone in the medical research, each volume mesh element is calculated gray-scale value, determine corresponding mechanics of materials parameter.By gray-scale value,, can derive the triangular relation of gray-scale value, skeleton density and elastic modulus in conjunction with skeleton density corresponding and elastic modulus with it to rib, breastbone, costal cartilage in tens of groups of children's's thorax CT pictures.To new children's funnel chest case, can draw corresponding skeleton density according to formula (1) (2) by detecting the gray-scale value of rib, breastbone, costal cartilage in the CT picture:
D＝1.122×HU+47 (1)
In the formula, HU is the gray-scale value of bones such as rib, breastbone, costal cartilage in the model, and D is a skeleton density.According to formula (2), draw its elastic modulus again:
E＝2.20×D-209 (2)
In the formula, E is the elastic modulus of bone, and another mechanics parameter Poisson ratio λ of rib, breastbone, costal cartilage all gets 0.31.Pay particular attention to, the gray-scale value of rib, breastbone, costal cartilage should be the gray-scale value of bone in the original chonechondrosternon CT picture, if the CT picture is through the image pre-service, as the threshold value stretching etc., then needs revise accordingly gray-scale value.So far, finish the assignment of bone material attribute;
5) rib/breastbone model and costal cartilage model are assembled, obtain a complete chonechondrosternon thorax three-dimensional mechanical model.23 contact points are arranged between rib/breastbone model and the costal cartilage model, need butt contact to check one by one, guarantee the tight combination of contact point, otherwise influence the accuracy of The results;
6) chonechondrosternon thorax three-dimensional mechanical model is applied boundary condition and constraint condition, the degree of freedom of all nodes on each thoracic vertebrae surface is applied displacement constraint maintains static it, the chest sunk part is applied outside vertical load, implant the situation of child's thorax in order to back up pad in the sham operated, load type is defined as concentrated force, by finite element analysis, obtain the distribution of stress, strain and the displacement of chonechondrosternon three-dimensional mechanical model under static load.For guaranteeing that analytic process can finish smoothly, must carry out inspection aspect following four to model before analysis: whether a. unit unifies, and must unifiedly use International System of Units; B. whether the unit material setting is correct; C. whether geometric model exists defective; D. verification is carried out in constraint and load.
When Fig. 6～Figure 11 is respectively and adds 200N load and add 400N load, the stress of three-dimensional thorax model, strain and displacement diagram.Color is shallow more, illustrates that stress, strain and displacement are big more.By finding out among the figure, stress mainly concentrates on dorsal ribs and vertebra intersection; Strain mainly concentrates on back, costal cartilage position; The displacement maximum is the breastbone lower end, i.e. the imposed load place.
Stress, strain and Displacements Distribution according to thorax model under the different static loads, in conjunction with patient's koilosternia degree, supporting plate material characteristic, chonechondrosternon three-dimensional model and The results, operation plan to different incisions position, back up pad specification, fixing means, the stressing conditions of prediction operation back children's's rib, breastbone, costal cartilage and back up pad, auxiliary doctor compares a plurality of chonechondrosternon operation plans, improves the once orthopedic success ratio of operation.Through clinical practice, the success ratio of chonechondrosternon operation is all more than 98%.
Claims (1)
1. simulation method for funnel breast orthopaedic surgery is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(a) chonechondrosternon rib/breastbone model and costal cartilage model are carried out the gore grid dividing respectively, obtain the three-dimensional grid model of chonechondrosternon rib/breastbone and costal cartilage;
(b) triangle in the model is detected,, carry out grid optimization if of inferior quality number of triangles surpasses at 0.05% o'clock of sum; At the bone smooth region, increase the triangular element size, reduce number of grid; In the bone sharpened areas, reduce the triangular element size, increase number of grid;
(c) to the boundary line of the veil lattice model after optimizing along its division, going deep into model inside divides, by cutting apart entity and arranging that seed comes the density and the position of control module, change triangular element into tetrahedron element, the veil lattice model is converted to the volume mesh model;
(d) each volume mesh element is calculated gray-scale value, and determine corresponding mechanics of materials parameter, be rib, breastbone, costal cartilage assignment in the model;
The skeleton density of rib, breastbone, costal cartilage correspondence is:
D＝1.122×HU+47
In the formula, HU is the gray-scale value of rib in the model, breastbone, costal cartilage; Its elastic modulus is:
E＝2.20×D-209；
(e) rib/breastbone model and costal cartilage model are assembled, obtain a complete chonechondrosternon thorax three-dimensional mechanical model;
(f) chonechondrosternon thorax three-dimensional mechanical model is applied boundary condition and constraint condition, the degree of freedom of all nodes of each thoracic vertebrae surface is applied displacement constraint maintains static it, the chest sunk part is applied outside vertical load, implant the situation of child's thorax in order to back up pad in the sham operated, load type is got concentrated force, by finite element analysis, obtain the distribution of stress, strain and the displacement of chonechondrosternon three-dimensional mechanical model under static load;
(g) according to stress, strain and the Displacements Distribution of thorax model under the different static loads, research operative incision position, supporting plate material, fixing means and support moment, after back up pad is implanted in emulation, the stressing conditions of rib, costal cartilage, breastbone and back up pad and postoperative effect, auxiliary doctor determines operation plan for the chonechondrosternon infant.
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| CN102920537B (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-12-17 | 上海理工大学 | Double safety and effectiveness inspection method of human lumbar bone and implant |
| CN105963005A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-28 | 华南理工大学 | Method for producing funnel chest correction plate |
| CN106447787B (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2019-04-02 | 北京理工大学 | Bone CT value and elasticity modulus relationship determine method |
| CN107451321B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2020-12-29 | 中国人民解放军海军总医院 | Pilot cardiopulmonary system simulation modeling method for arresting carrier landing process |
| CN111341450B (en) * | 2020-03-01 | 2024-03-05 | 海军军医大学第一附属医院第二军医大学第一附属医院上海长海医院 | Artificial intelligence-based spine deformity correction prediction method, device and terminal |
| CN112288797B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-11-30 | 李艳 | Skull correction scheme generation system, construction method, acquisition method and device |
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