CN107451321B - Pilot cardiopulmonary system simulation modeling method for arresting carrier landing process - Google Patents
Pilot cardiopulmonary system simulation modeling method for arresting carrier landing process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modeling and simulation method of a heart-lung system of a pilot, which is suitable for a process of arresting a carrier, and belongs to the field of acceleration physiology and damage protection; finite element modeling of heart and lung and sternum ribs is included; firstly, establishing a geometric model containing a heart, a lung and sternum ribs on the basis of reasonable simplification; then, carrying out meshing on the heart lung and the sternum ribs by adopting an optimized meshing method to obtain finite element models of the heart lung and the sternum ribs; and finally, setting solving process parameters, solving device options and output options of the solver, and carrying out model solving. In view of the complexity of a human heart-lung system in biomechanics, the rapid simplified modeling of the heart-lung and chest bones of a pilot can be realized, and the modeling method is used for evaluating the injury risk of the heart-lung system of the pilot in a typical ship arresting process and the like; and the process of arresting the vessel generates typical continuous load, and the load action time is more than 4.0 seconds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of acceleration physiology and injury protection, particularly relates to the fields of aerospace medicine, biomechanics, finite element model modeling methods and the like, and particularly relates to a simulation modeling method for a heart-lung system of a pilot in a process of arresting a ship.
Background
The carrier-based aircraft pilot can be overloaded by high-level-Gx during the process of arresting the ship, and the damage to the cardio-pulmonary function of the pilot can be caused, as in the article: zhang bin, the effects of Thangyong, Yuhongmei. + -Gx acceleration on aircraft carrier pilots and preventive strategies [ J ] civil military, 2013,56(10):1124 and 1125, are described: when the aircraft is overloaded, the skeletal structure and soft tissues of the chest of a human body are compressed and deformed, so that the volume of the chest is reduced, the deformation of the chest can cause the separation of qi and blood of the lung, the lung capacity is reduced, the pilot can have difficulty in breathing slightly and the breathing frequency is increased, and the pilot can have anoxic shock and even lung injury (chest pain, hemoptysis, pneumothorax and the like) seriously; meanwhile, overload can cause the pressure in the heart to suddenly rise, the heart rate and the blood pressure to be remarkably increased, dizziness and tension are easily caused, the special situation handling capacity of a pilot is affected, and in severe cases, injuries such as heart contusion and heart laceration can be induced, so that the life safety is threatened.
When the overload is eliminated, the bone and soft tissue of the chest rebound to generate negative pressure in the chest, and the stress wave generated by the negative pressure can cause secondary damage of the original damaged area. Due to the complex structure of the cardiopulmonary system and surrounding tissues, the research on the cardiopulmonary injury caused by overload at home and abroad is mainly focused on the pathological research based on experiments, such as document 1: application of multilayer spiral CT in research on monkey multiple organ injury caused by + Gx action [ J ] aerospace medicine and medical engineering, 18 (5): 2005: 334-; document 2: hao Jun Feng, Wu, Zhao Deming, Ning Zhang Yong, Wang Shi Wu, Qin Xiu Hui.high + Gx overload effect on the lung of rhesus monkey [ J ] Chinese veterinary bulletin, 25 (4): 2005:400 Bian 402; and document 3: bin, liu xing, carat, east of tian, zhao de ming, ginger lineage loyalty & high + Gx effects on pathology of monkey lungs [ J ] aerospace medicine and medical engineering, 17 (6): 2004: 397-; the above published literature documents describe that the findings are primarily qualitative descriptions at some histological level;
at present, modeling research on overload-caused cardiopulmonary injury is carried out at home and abroad, for example, in document 4: zhou Jie. human body wound under the action of explosive shock wave and the attenuation mechanism of foam material to shock wave are studied [ D ]. Nanjing: nanjing university of justice, 2014; document 5: chua shiwa thoracic biomechanical response and injury assessment study in car collisions [ D ]. guangzhou: southern China university, 2013; and document 6: human chest finite element modeling and its injury biomechanics study in vehicle collisions [ D ] Changsha: the Hunan university 2014 is a modeling method research aiming at the human heart and lung injury under impact load, and is deficient in the aspect of biomechanical modeling simulation of the heart and lung system applicable to the process of carrier-based aircraft arresting a carrier.
The existing modeling method of the heart-lung system is developed aiming at impact load, the load action time is less than 1.0 second, the efficiency is low, the time consumption is long when the method is used for researching the continuous load in the process of arresting a carrier, and the actual application requirement cannot be met. At present, a blank exists on a rapid modeling method of a human body heart-lung system of a pilot in a process of arresting a carrier.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a simulation modeling method of a heart-lung system of a pilot for arresting a carrier landing process; a finite element model containing main skeletons of a heart, a lung and a chest of a human body can be established relatively quickly, and further used for biomechanical response research of a heart-lung system of the human body in a ship-carrying aircraft carrier arresting process, the biomechanical influence of continuous-Gx overload generated in the ship-carrying aircraft carrier arresting process on heart-lung organs of pilots is obtained, and technical support is provided for further understanding the correlation of overload and heart-lung system damage.
The specific implementation steps comprise:
step one, establishing a geometric model containing a heart, a lung, a sternum and ribs, smoothing, and respectively converting the geometric model into a plurality of numerical value curved surface slices for exporting;
the specific operation process comprises the following steps:
step 101, segmenting a CT scanning image of a Chinese adult male to respectively obtain geometric contour models of a heart, a left lung, a right lung, a sternum and ribs;
and 102, respectively importing the geometric outline models of the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs which are subjected to the segmentation processing into modeling software.
And 103, merging the geometric models of the sternum and the ribs in modeling software, and smoothing.
Curvature K > 200m in geometric models of sternum and ribs-1The two parts of the sternum and the ribs are subjected to B-spline smoothing treatment, meanwhile, adjacent segments of the sternum and the ribs are subjected to bridging treatment, and the inner triangular surface patches are deleted, so that the sternum and the ribs are combined into a whole, and the B-spline smoothing treatment is performed on the joints between the sternum and the ribs.
And step 104, setting specific parts involved with the heart and surrounding tissues in modeling software, and performing smoothing treatment.
On the basis of comprehensively considering the mechanical characteristics of blood vessels connected with the heart, neglecting the involvement of the heart and other blood vessels, taking the connection part of the upper end of the heart and the aorta as a unique part interacting with external tissues, and ensuring that the curvature K is more than 500m-1B spline smoothing is carried out on the position of the sample;
and 105, respectively setting specific positions of each lung and surrounding tissues for the left lung and the right lung in modeling software, and smoothing.
Aiming at the left lung and the right lung, the actual anatomical characteristics of the lungs and the mechanical characteristics of surrounding involved tissues are comprehensively considered, the position of each lung connected with the trachea is respectively taken as the unique position involved with the external tissues, and the curvature K in a lung model is more than 500m-1B-spline smoothing is performed at the position of (a).
And step 106, constructing a plurality of numerical value curved surface slices respectively for the heart model, the left lung model, the right lung model, the sternum model and the rib model which are subjected to smoothing treatment, and deriving the numerical value curved surface slices.
Step two, respectively synthesizing the numerical curved surface slices of the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs into a complete curved surface in finite element software, and respectively reserving a boundary line on each of the four complete curved surfaces to control the size and the quality of the grid;
the four complete curved surfaces include: synthesizing a plurality of numerical curved surface slices of the heart into a complete curved surface; combining a plurality of numerical curved surface slices of the left lung into a complete curved surface; combining a plurality of numerical curved surface slices of the right lung into a complete curved surface; the curved surface pieces with the numerical values after the sternum and the ribs are combined to form a complete curved surface.
Step three, respectively carrying out grid division on the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs;
performing mesh division on three-dimensional spaces of the heart, the left lung and the right lung, which are closed by a complete curved surface, by adopting three-dimensional tetrahedral meshes and hexahedral units;
carrying out mesh division on the complete curved surfaces of the sternum and the ribs by adopting two-dimensional triangular meshes and quadrilateral mesh units;
step four, respectively defining different material attributes of the heart model, the left lung model, the right lung model, the sternum model and the rib model obtained after grid division;
isotropic viscoelastic material definition is adopted for the heart, the left lung and the right lung;
isotropic linear elastic material is used for sternum and ribs.
Step five, external constraint conditions of the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs and contact constraint among the geometric models are set to form a complete finite element model of the heart and lung of the pilot;
the external constraints are: the same motion constraints are imposed on the specific site where the heart is involved with the surrounding tissue, the unique location where each lung is involved with the surrounding tissue, and the entire sternum and ribs;
contact constraint is to simulate the mutual contact that may occur between the heart, left lung, right lung, sternum and ribs during overload; the method comprises the following specific steps: the heart, the left lung and the right lung are respectively in flexible contact, and a bidirectional search algorithm is adopted to consider the contact analysis precision after the deformation of the heart and the lung (soft tissue); the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs are in flexible and rigid contact respectively, and a one-way search algorithm is adopted, so that the calculation efficiency can be improved on the basis of ensuring the contact analysis precision; and the heart is in flexible and rigid contact with the sternum and the ribs respectively, and a one-way search algorithm is adopted, so that the calculation efficiency can be improved on the basis of ensuring the contact analysis precision.
Solving the complete heart-lung finite element model of the pilot to obtain dynamic change data of each part of the model about displacement, stress and strain along with time;
firstly, setting solving process parameters, solver options and output options;
solving process parameters means: solving the end time of the process;
solver options refer to: a minimum time step is set.
The output options are set as: displacement, stress and strain.
Then, deriving a pilot heart-lung finite element model for solving to obtain dynamic change data of each part of the model about displacement, stress and strain along with time;
and seventhly, further analyzing the risk of injury of the heart and lung by utilizing the dynamic change data of each part of the model about displacement, stress and strain along with time.
And respectively evaluating the damage risks of the heart and the lung of the pilot by referring to a compression amount criterion and a viscosity criterion in the safety protection field according to the dynamic change data of the displacement, the stress and the strain of the cardiopulmonary finite element model of the pilot along with time.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) the rapid simplified simulation modeling method for the heart-lung system of the pilot used for the ship arresting process is used for performing approximation and simplified processing on the heart-lung and the sternum, can realize rapid simplified modeling of the heart-lung and the chest bones of the pilot, and is used for evaluating the injury risk of the heart-lung system of the pilot in the typical ship arresting process and the like.
2) The rapid simplified simulation modeling method for the pilot heart-lung system in the process of carrier arresting aims at generating typical continuous load in the process of carrier arresting, and the load action time is more than 4.0 seconds.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a rapid simplified simulation modeling method of a pilot heart-lung system for arresting a carrier landing process according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a geometric model of the heart, lungs and thoracic bones of the present invention after CT scanning;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a digital reconstruction model of a geometric model of the heart, lung and chest bones in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a finite element model after the geometric models are respectively gridded and provided with materials according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an acceleration curve used in the external constraints set on each geometric model according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the stress and strain dynamic changes of the geometric models in the process of typical arresting a ship.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The following describes in detail a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The existing cardio-pulmonary system biomechanical modeling and simulation method mainly adopts three means, namely a mathematical model, a continuous dynamics model and a finite element model, but aiming at the application requirements of biomechanical response and risk assessment of a carrier-borne aircraft pilot under the-Gx overload action, the actions of drawing and extruding the heart and surrounding tissues and the like need to be considered, so that the finite element model has more advantages.
Therefore, the invention provides a modeling and simulation method of a heart-lung system of a pilot, which is suitable for the process of arresting a carrier, and comprises the typical steps of finite element modeling of heart-lung and chest major skeletons; firstly, establishing a geometric model containing the heart, the lung and the main breast bones on the basis of reasonable simplification; then, carrying out meshing on the heart lung bones and the chest bones by adopting an optimized meshing method to obtain a finite element model of the heart lung bones and the chest bones; and finally, setting solving process parameters, solver options and output options of a radio solver, and carrying out model solving. In view of the biomechanical complexity of the human cardiopulmonary system, the method is innovative in that a rapid modeling method is provided for researching the biomechanical response of the cardiopulmonary and thoracic bones of a pilot in a typical carrier arresting process.
The equipment used in the implementation of the invention is computer equipment which is provided with modeling software such as Mimics/Geomagic Studio/Hypermesh/radio and the like and solving software; the computer equipment works in a normal temperature environment and supports mouse and keyboard operation.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific implementation steps include:
step one, establishing a geometric model containing a heart, a lung, a sternum and ribs on the basis of reasonable simplification, respectively converting the geometric model into a plurality of numerical value curved surface slices after smoothing treatment, and exporting the curved surface slices in an igs format;
the ship arresting process generates Gx overload, and the main biomechanical influence of a heart-lung system is caused by backward extrusion of soft tissues in the chest, namely heart and lung, and sternum and ribs of the chest, so that the influence of other organs and tissues is ignored in the biomechanical modeling, the spine positioned at the rear part of the chest is not required to be modeled, only the geometric model of the sternum and the ribs is required to be simplified, and the simulation efficiency can be improved under the condition of not influencing the simulation result.
The specific operation process comprises the following steps:
step 101, segmenting a CT scanning image of a Chinese adult male by using Mimics software to respectively obtain geometric contour models of a heart, a lung, a sternum and ribs;
the micis is a medical image control system developed by Materialise corporation in belgium, and is used for segmentation processing and 3D modeling of clinical image data such as CT scan images and MRI images.
According to the anatomical features and the CT scanning image, a geometric model of the heart and lung is established through reverse engineering modeling; the heart is regarded as a whole, soft tissues between the left ventricle and the right ventricle and the atrium are not considered, organs inside the lung are not considered, and three-dimensional section characteristics of each bone section in the sternum are not considered; the relative positions between the heart, lungs and sternum are set according to the actual anatomical features.
As shown in fig. 2, CT scan images are generally directed to the actual available subject, preferably a real pilot; the CT scanning image data is segmented by using Mimics software, the model is as simple as possible on the basis of ensuring that the sizes of the organs of the model are basically consistent, surrounding tissues possibly influencing the heart and the lung in overload, such as ribs, sternum, trachea, diaphragm muscle and the like, are distinguished, and the correct relative position and connection relation between the heart and the lung are determined. Although the diaphragm displacement is of the same order of magnitude as the tissue displacement around the lung, since the diaphragm velocity is 1/10 for the chest wall only, the acceleration is much smaller than the acceleration of the chest wall, and the effect of the diaphragm on the lung can be ignored when only the effect of overload in the horizontal direction on the lung tissue is studied.
And 102, exporting the geometric outline model after the segmentation processing into an stl format model file, and respectively importing the stl format scanning model files of the heart, the lung, the sternum and the ribs into the Geomagic Studio software.
The Geomagic Studio is reverse engineering modeling software of products of Geomagic corporation in America, and can automatically generate an accurate digital model through scanning point cloud according to any real parts.
And 103, combining the geometric models of the sternum and the ribs in the Geomagic Studio software, and smoothing.
Curvature K > 200m in geometric models of sternum and ribs-1B spline smoothing is carried out on the part; and simultaneously, carrying out bridging treatment on adjacent segments of the sternum and the ribs, and deleting the inner triangular surface patches, so that the sternum and the ribs are combined into a whole, and carrying out B-spline smoothing treatment on the joint between the sternum and the ribs.
The curvature K is more than 200m-1The part (A) is intuitively represented as that a very thin and sharp corner exists, and in the subsequent finite element modeling treatment, a finite element grid with poor quality can be caused, so that the calculation precision and the calculation speed are influenced.
And step 104, setting specific parts involved with the heart and surrounding tissues in the Geomagic Studio software, and performing smoothing treatment.
The left and right ventricles and the left and right atria are simplified as a whole, regardless of the complex internal structure of the heart. Because the aorta is the blood vessel with large diameter and maximum elastic modulus in the blood vessels connected with the heart, the mechanical action of various blood vessels connected with each atrium and ventricle and the mechanical action of the heart envelope and the involvement action of the heart and other blood vessels are ignored, the connection part of the upper end of the heart and the aorta is used as the only part interacted with the external tissues, and the curvature K is more than 500m-1B spline smoothing is carried out on the position of the sample;
the curvature K is more than 500m-1Also, poor quality finite element meshes result, affecting computational efficiency and accuracy.
And step 105, respectively setting a unique position where each lung is involved with external tissues aiming at the left lung and the right lung in the Geomagic Studio software, and smoothing.
Simplifying the geometric models of the left lung and the right lungThe process is similar to the simplified process of the heart: regardless of the internal complex structure of the lung, various blood vessels and air ducts connected to the lung are ignored; the positions of the left and right lungs connected with the trachea are respectively used as the only positions involved with the external tissues, and the curvature K in the lung model is more than 500m-1B-spline smoothing is performed at the position of (a).
And step 106, respectively converting the smoothed models of the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs into numerical curved surfaces to obtain a plurality of curved surface slices and exporting the curved surface slices in an igs format.
Carrying out digital reconstruction on the geometric models of the reasonably simplified heart, lung and chest bone models to obtain 40-60 numerical surface slices in total; as shown in fig. 3.
Step two, importing the igs model file into Hypermesh software, respectively synthesizing numerical curved surface sheets of the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs into a complete curved surface by adopting a fusion tool, and respectively reserving a boundary line on each of the four complete curved surfaces of the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs so as to control the size and the quality of the grid;
hypermesh software is a finite element preprocessing software of Altair corporation, USA, which integrates various tools required for design and analysis, and has incomparable performance and high openness, flexibility and user-friendly interface.
The four complete curved surfaces include: synthesizing a plurality of numerical curved surface slices of the heart into a complete curved surface; combining a plurality of numerical curved surface slices of the left lung into a complete curved surface; combining a plurality of numerical curved surface slices of the right lung into a complete curved surface; the curved surface pieces with the numerical values after the sternum and the ribs are combined to form a complete curved surface. One boundary line ensures the uniformity and controllability of the grid density during grid division on the same geometry.
Step three, respectively carrying out grid division on the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs;
as shown in fig. 4, the heart, left lung and right lung were gridded using a three-dimensional tetrahedral mesh and TETRA4 units; the heart and the lung with complex shapes and volumes are subjected to volume meshing by using a tetrahedral mesh, so that the curvature adaptability is better, and the meshing by using a TETRA4 unit has fewer integral points and higher calculation speed.
The heart is regarded as a three-dimensional entity with the characteristics of a viscoelastic material, only the overall biomechanics characteristics of the heart are considered, the contraction and relaxation processes of the heart are not considered, and the details of the internal tissues and structures are not considered; the lung is considered as a three-dimensional entity with viscoelastic material characteristics, irrespective of the trachea and blood vessels inside the lung, irrespective of microscopic tissue and structural details;
performing meshing division on complete curved surfaces of sternum (shell) and ribs by adopting two-dimensional triangular meshes and shell unit BT (Q4) units with thickness; also has better curvature adaptability and higher calculation speed.
A rigid material and a thick shell element are used to simulate the sternum.
Step four, respectively endowing different material attributes to the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs which are divided into grids;
isotropic viscoelastic material (LAW34) definition for heart, left lung and right lung;
the sternum and ribs are defined by adopting an isotropic linear elastic material (LAW 1); table 1 shows the tissue material parameters listed for the examples of the present invention.
TABLE 1
Step five, external constraint conditions of the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs and contact constraint among the geometric models are set to form a complete finite element model of the heart and lung of the pilot;
the external constraints are: the same motion constraints are imposed on the upper heart end at the junction with the aorta, where each lung is connected to the trachea, and on the entire sternum and ribs; the motion constraint in the simulation process of the application model is defined by using an acceleration time history curve as shown in fig. 5, so as to ensure the integrity of the overload curve characteristics.
Synthesizing a plurality of blood vessels connected with the heart into a port positioned at the upper part of the heart, and taking the port as an external constraint action position of the heart; setting the anatomical positions of the left and right lungs connected with the main trachea as the external constraint action positions of the left and right lungs; bilateral contact between the heart and lungs, lung and sternum, and heart and sternum is provided.
The contact constraint among the geometric models refers to the mutual contact relation which can occur among the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs in the overload action process; the method comprises the following specific steps: the heart, the left lung and the right lung are respectively contacted by a Type7 Type, a bidirectional search algorithm is adopted to consider the contact analysis precision after the heart and the lung (soft tissue) are deformed, and unrealistic penetration in dynamic contact is prevented; the types of Type5 are respectively adopted among the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs, and a one-way search algorithm is adopted, so that the calculation efficiency can be improved on the basis of ensuring the contact analysis accuracy; and the heart is in contact with the sternum and the ribs respectively by a Type5 Type, and a one-way search algorithm is adopted to improve the calculation efficiency of dynamic contact.
Step six, after the pilot cardiopulmonary finite element model is established, solving by adopting a radio solver to obtain dynamic change data of each geometric model about displacement, stress and strain along with time;
radio is a finite element solver with linear score, display nonlinear analysis and crypto nonlinear analysis solving functions integrated by Altair corporation in America.
Firstly, setting solving process parameters, solver options and output options of a radio solver;
calculating a contact process by adopting a double-sided collision locking algorithm on the basis of solving by adopting a display dynamics algorithm;
solving process parameters means: the end time (namely physical time) of the solving process is consistent with the terminal time of an acceleration time history curve input by the boundary condition in the motion constraint; set to 4.0 s.
Solver options refer to: activating a time step option in the Engine file, and setting the minimum time step to be 1.0 multiplied by 10-8To control the efficiency of the solution process.
The output options are set as: displacement, stress and strain; and selecting the displacement, the stress and the strain as output variables after the solution is completed.
Then, deriving a finite element model of the heart and lung of the pilot, starting a radio solver to solve, and obtaining dynamic change data of each geometric model about displacement, stress and strain along with time;
setting the number of cpu cores used for multi-thread parallel computation in an nt option of a radio solver, and selecting the number of cpu cores to be 4 according to the computer setting adopted in the implementation process; the calculations were then initiated and finite element explicit kinetic analysis was started to obtain the stress distribution for each geometric model, as shown in figure 6.
And seventhly, further analyzing the risk of injury of the heart and lung by using the dynamic change data of each geometric model about displacement, stress and strain along with time.
And respectively evaluating the damage risks of the heart and the lung of the pilot by referring to a compression amount criterion and a viscosity criterion in the safety protection field according to the dynamic change data of the displacement, the stress and the strain of the cardiopulmonary finite element model of the pilot along with time.
The risk of occurrence of AIS1 (mild damage) was 0 as judged by the viscosity criterion based on the stress and strain data shown in fig. 6.
Claims (5)
1. A simulation modeling method for a heart-lung system of a pilot used for a process of arresting a ship is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step one, establishing a geometric model containing a heart, a lung, a sternum and ribs, smoothing, and respectively converting the geometric model into a plurality of numerical value curved surface slices for exporting;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, segmenting a CT scanning image of a Chinese adult male to respectively obtain geometric contour models of a heart, a left lung, a right lung, a sternum and ribs; respectively importing the data into modeling software;
then, merging and smoothing the geometric models of the sternum and the ribs in modeling software; setting specific parts involved with the heart and surrounding tissues and carrying out smoothing treatment; respectively setting the specific position of each lung and the surrounding tissues and performing smoothing treatment on the left lung and the right lung;
the process of processing the geometric model of the heart is as follows:
on the basis of comprehensively considering the mechanical characteristics of blood vessels connected with the heart, neglecting the involvement of the heart and other blood vessels, taking the connection part of the upper end of the heart and the aorta as a unique part interacting with external tissues, and ensuring that the curvature K is more than 500m-1B spline smoothing is carried out on the position of the sample;
the process of processing the geometric models of the left and right lungs is:
aiming at the left lung and the right lung, the actual anatomical characteristics of the lungs and the mechanical characteristics of surrounding involved tissues are comprehensively considered, the position of each lung connected with the trachea is respectively taken as the unique position involved with the external tissues, and the curvature K in a lung model is more than 500m-1B spline smoothing is carried out on the position of the sample;
finally, constructing a plurality of numerical value curved surface slices respectively for the heart model, the left lung model, the right lung model, the sternum model and the rib model which are subjected to smoothing treatment and are derived; step two, respectively synthesizing the numerical curved surface slices of the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs into a complete curved surface in finite element software, and respectively reserving a boundary line on each of the four complete curved surfaces to control the size and the quality of the grid;
step three, respectively carrying out grid division on the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs and defining different material attributes;
performing mesh division on three-dimensional spaces of the heart, the left lung and the right lung, which are closed by a complete curved surface, by adopting three-dimensional tetrahedral meshes and hexahedral units; and is defined by isotropic viscoelastic material;
step four, external constraint conditions of the heart, the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs and contact constraint among the geometric models are set to form a complete finite element model of the heart and lung of the pilot;
the external constraints are: the same motion constraints are imposed on the specific site where the heart is involved with the surrounding tissue, the unique location where each lung is involved with the surrounding tissue, and the entire sternum and ribs;
contact constraint is to simulate the mutual contact that may occur between the heart, left lung, right lung, sternum and ribs during overload; the heart, the left lung and the right lung are respectively in flexible contact, and a bidirectional search algorithm is adopted to consider the contact analysis precision after the heart and the lung are deformed; the left lung, the right lung, the sternum and the ribs are in flexible and rigid contact respectively, and a one-way search algorithm is adopted, so that the calculation efficiency can be improved on the basis of ensuring the contact analysis precision; flexible and rigid contact is adopted between the heart and the sternum and the ribs, and a one-way search algorithm is adopted, so that the calculation efficiency can be improved on the basis of ensuring the contact analysis precision;
step five, solving the complete heart-lung finite element model of the pilot to obtain dynamic change data of each part of the model about displacement, stress and strain along with time;
firstly, setting solving process parameters, solver options and output options;
solving process parameters means: solving the end time of the process; solver options refer to: setting a minimum time step length; the output options are set as: displacement, stress and strain;
then, deriving a pilot heart-lung finite element model for solving to obtain dynamic change data of each part of the model about displacement, stress and strain along with time;
and step six, further analyzing the risk of injury of the heart and lung by utilizing dynamic change data of each part of the model about displacement, stress and strain along with time.
2. The method for modeling the simulation of the cardio-pulmonary system of a pilot for arresting a landing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the process of processing the geometric models of the sternum and ribs is as follows:
curvature K > 200m in geometric models of sternum and ribs-1Is subjected to B-spline smoothing while the sternum and ribs are simultaneously smoothedThe adjacent segments are subjected to bridging treatment, the inner triangular surface patches are deleted, so that the sternum and the ribs are combined into a whole, and B-spline smoothing treatment is carried out on the joints between the sternum and the ribs.
3. The method for modeling the simulation of the cardio-pulmonary system of a pilot for arresting a landing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the four complete curved surfaces comprise: synthesizing a plurality of numerical curved surface slices of the heart into a complete curved surface; combining a plurality of numerical curved surface slices of the left lung into a complete curved surface; combining a plurality of numerical curved surface slices of the right lung into a complete curved surface; the curved surface pieces with the numerical values after the sternum and the ribs are combined to form a complete curved surface.
4. The method for modeling the simulation of the cardio-pulmonary system of a pilot for arresting a landing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three steps are:
performing mesh division on the complete curved surfaces of the sternum and the ribs by adopting two-dimensional triangular units and quadrilateral units; and is defined by isotropic linear elastic material.
5. The method for modeling the simulation of the cardio-pulmonary system of a pilot for arresting a landing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sixth step is to evaluate the risk of injury to the heart and lungs of the pilot by referring to the compression criterion and the viscosity criterion in the safety protection field for the dynamic change data of displacement, stress and strain of the cardio-pulmonary finite element model of the pilot over time.
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